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38 KiB
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362 lines
38 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.48.4399" ID-PMC="PMC4408727" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-48-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFA7BC4E920A0637FF8DCD091979FFD8" ID-PubMed="25931969" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576254" ModsDocID="1314-2003-48-1" checkinTime="1451251554439" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Meerow, Alan W., Jost, Lou & Oleas, Nora" docDate="2015" docId="09AEC19CD72AB0AE8B6072B464450C6C" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 48: 1-9" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 48" docPubDate="2015-04-02" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.48.4399" docTitle="Stenomesson ecuadorense Meerow, Oleas & Jost 2015, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="FFA7BC4E920A0637FF8DCD091979FFD8" lastPageNumber="3" masterDocId="FFA7BC4E920A0637FF8DCD091979FFD8" masterDocTitle="Two new species of endemic Ecuadorean Amaryllidaceae (Asparagales, Amaryllidaceae, Amarylloideae, Eucharideae)" masterLastPageNumber="9" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668141337526" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Two new species of endemic Ecuadorean Amaryllidaceae (Asparagales, Amaryllidaceae, Amarylloideae, Eucharideae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Meerow, Alan W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>USDA-ARS-SHRS, National Germplasm Repository, 13601 Old Cutler Road, Miami, Florida 33158, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Jost, Lou</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>EcoMinga Foundation, Via a Runtun, Banos, Tungurahua, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Oleas, Nora</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidad Tecnologica Indoamerica, Centro de Investigacion de la Biodiversidad y Cambio Climatico, Machala y Sabanilla, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2015-04-02</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>48</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>9</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.48.4399</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.48.4399</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-48-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFA7BC4E920A0637FF8DCD091979FFD8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576254</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152025633" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:09AEC19CD72AB0AE8B6072B464450C6C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/09AEC19CD72AB0AE8B6072B464450C6C" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="09AEC19C-D72A-B0AE-8B60-72B464450C6C" authority="Meerow, Oleas & Jost" authorityName="Meerow, Oleas & Jost" authorityYear="2015" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson ecuadorense" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ecuadorense" status="sp. nov.">Stenomesson ecuadorense Meerow, Oleas & Jost</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Stenomesson ecuadorense. A-C Plants in habit on limestone cliff D-G Inflorescence and flowers. Arrow in G denotes androecial teeth interposed between the free filaments H Plants in fruit in habitat I Distribution in Ecuador (black star). Map courtesy of www. freeworldmaps. net. The apparent yellowish stripes in Fig. 1 F are artifacts of camera flash reflectance and are not visible by eye." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.48.4399.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/41391" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Meerow, Oleas & Jost" authorityYear="2015" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson ecuadorense" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ecuadorense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stenomesson ecuadorense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Stenomesson ecuadorense. A-C Plants in habit on limestone cliff D-G Inflorescence and flowers. Arrow in G denotes androecial teeth interposed between the free filaments H Plants in fruit in habitat I Distribution in Ecuador (black star). Map courtesy of www. freeworldmaps. net. The apparent yellowish stripes in Fig. 1 F are artifacts of camera flash reflectance and are not visible by eye." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.48.4399.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/41391" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
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) appears closely related to the Peruvian
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ravenna" authorityYear="1978" baseAuthorityName="Herb." class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson miniatum" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="miniatum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stenomesson miniatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Herb.)
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<bibRefCitation author="Ravenna, P" journalOrPublisher="Pl. Life" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="B13" refString="Ravenna, P, 1978. Stenomesson miniatum. Pl. Life 34, 69 pp." title="Stenomesson miniatum." volume="34" year="1978">Ravenna (1978</bibRefCitation>
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; Fig. 2A) and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Meerow" authorityYear="1985" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson campanulatum" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="campanulatum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stenomesson campanulatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Meerow, AW" journalOrPublisher="Brittonia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="305 - 309" publicationUrl="10.2307/2806079" refId="B2" refString="Meerow, AW, 1985. A new species of Eucrosia and a new name in Stenomesson (Amaryllidaceae). Brittonia 37: 305 - 309, DOI: 10.2307/2806079" title="A new species of Eucrosia and a new name in Stenomesson (Amaryllidaceae)." url="10.2307/2806079" volume="37" year="1985">Meerow (1985</bibRefCitation>
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; Fig. 2B) by flower color and adherence of the staminal corona to the floral tube, consisting of six long teeth interposed between the free filaments, but differs from them by the moist habitat, occurence on limestone and relatively low elevation (Table
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<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Contrasting features of Stenomesson ecuadorense, Stenomesson campanulatum and Stenomesson miniatum." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/02C6E7F3ACED8C56FB8701281F89B764" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="02C6E7F3ACED8C56FB8701281F89B764">1</tableCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ravenna" authorityYear="1978" baseAuthorityName="Herb." class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson miniatum" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="miniatum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stenomesson miniatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has an urceolate corolla.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Meerow" authorityYear="1985" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson campanulatum" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="campanulatum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stenomesson campanulatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a non-patent limb and long-exserted stamens. The perianth of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Meerow, Oleas & Jost" authorityYear="2015" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson ecuadorense" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ecuadorense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stenomesson ecuadorense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has flaring tepals as does
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ravenna" authorityYear="1978" baseAuthorityName="Herb." class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson miniatum" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="miniatum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stenomesson miniatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but is long campanulate in morphlogy.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="960947" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.48.4399.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/41391" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Meerow, Oleas & Jost" authorityYear="2015" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson ecuadorense" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ecuadorense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stenomesson ecuadorense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
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Plants in habit on limestone cliff
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-G</emphasis>
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Inflorescence and flowers. Arrow in
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
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denotes androecial teeth interposed between the free filaments
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
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Plants in fruit in habitat
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
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Distribution in Ecuador (black star). Map courtesy of www.freeworldmaps.net. The apparent yellowish stripes in Fig. 1F are artifacts of camera flash reflectance and are not visible by eye.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption ID-Table-UUID="02C6E7F3ACED8C56FB8701281F89B764" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/02C6E7F3ACED8C56FB8701281F89B764" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Table 1.</emphasis>
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Contrasting features of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Meerow, Oleas & Jost" authorityYear="2015" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson ecuadorense" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ecuadorense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stenomesson ecuadorense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Meerow" authorityYear="1985" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson campanulatum" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="campanulatum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stenomesson campanulatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ravenna" authorityYear="1978" baseAuthorityName="Herb." class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson miniatum" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="miniatum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stenomesson miniatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<table pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Character</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Meerow, Oleas & Jost" authorityYear="2015" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson ecuadorense" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ecuadorense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stenomesson ecuadorense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Meerow" authorityYear="1985" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson campanulatum" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="campanulatum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stenomesson campanulatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ravenna" authorityYear="1978" baseAuthorityName="Herb." class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson miniatum" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="miniatum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stenomesson miniatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</th>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Pedicel length</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">19-28 mm</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">25-40 mm</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">12-25 mm</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Perianth morphology</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Long-campanulate</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Campanulate</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Urceolate</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Limb morphology</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Flaring</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Non-patent</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Flaring, apically recurved</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Exsertion of stamens beyond perianth</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">ca. 10 mm</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">25-30 mm</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">5-10 mm</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Elevation</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1"><1300 m</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">2200-2600 m</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">2500-3500 m</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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ECUADOR: Zamora-Chinchipe, Tapala, on limestone cliffs above
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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San Luis, near its confluence with the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Numbala;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="32.478" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-4.5413">4°32.478'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="03.985" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-79.066414">79°03.985'W</geoCoordinate>
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, ca. 1295 m elevation, 18 March 2006 (observed in flower and fruit; specimens made from flowering cultivated plants 10 Apr 2012),
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lou Jost</emphasis>
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7949 (Holotype: QCA!, Isotypes: QCNE!, HUTI!, MO!, NA!, NY!).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Geophytic, hysteranthous, perennial from tunicate bulbs. Bulbs globose to ovoid, offsetting readily, tunics brown, 2-4 cm diam, apically forming a neck 1-5 cm long. Leaves (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Stenomesson ecuadorense. A-C Plants in habit on limestone cliff D-G Inflorescence and flowers. Arrow in G denotes androecial teeth interposed between the free filaments H Plants in fruit in habitat I Distribution in Ecuador (black star). Map courtesy of www. freeworldmaps. net. The apparent yellowish stripes in Fig. 1 F are artifacts of camera flash reflectance and are not visible by eye." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.48.4399.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/41391" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1A-C</figureCitation>
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) 1-2 per bulb, glabrous, 18.5-30 cm long, tapering at base to a ca. 5 cm long hemiterete pseudopetiole; lamina lanceolate, sometimes slightly falcate, 14-14.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.8-3.0 cm wide at the middle, midrib inconspicuous adaxially, prominent abaxially, acute at apex, Royal Horticultural Society Color Chart (RHSCC,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Royal Horticultural Society" journalOrPublisher="Royal Horticultural Society, London" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="B14" refString="Royal Horticultural Society, 1995. RHS Colour Chart. Royal Horticultural Society, London" title="RHS Colour Chart" year="1995">Royal Horticultural Society 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) green 137A adaxially, 137D abaxially. Inflorescence scapose, 1-4 flowered, scape 25-30 cm tall, 3.7-3.9 mm diam, terete, glaucous, solid for most of its length with a narrow lumen apically, terminated by 2 marcescent ovate-lanceolate bracts enclosing the buds in the early stages of elongation, 20.9-21.6 mm long, 3.4-3.6 mm wide at base, 6 mm wide at middle, acute at apex. Flowers (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Stenomesson ecuadorense. A-C Plants in habit on limestone cliff D-G Inflorescence and flowers. Arrow in G denotes androecial teeth interposed between the free filaments H Plants in fruit in habitat I Distribution in Ecuador (black star). Map courtesy of www. freeworldmaps. net. The apparent yellowish stripes in Fig. 1 F are artifacts of camera flash reflectance and are not visible by eye." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.48.4399.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/41391" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1D-G</figureCitation>
|
||
) pendulous via the spreading pedicels and curvature of the tube, 3.6-4 cm long from base of ovary to limb apex; pedicels 19-28
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
ca. 0.5 mm. Perianth (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Stenomesson ecuadorense. A-C Plants in habit on limestone cliff D-G Inflorescence and flowers. Arrow in G denotes androecial teeth interposed between the free filaments H Plants in fruit in habitat I Distribution in Ecuador (black star). Map courtesy of www. freeworldmaps. net. The apparent yellowish stripes in Fig. 1 F are artifacts of camera flash reflectance and are not visible by eye." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.48.4399.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/41391" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
) actinomorphic, cylindrical proximally, distally campanulate, consisting of six tepals in two whorls, fused below the throat into a tube that is 2.7-3 mm diam, cylindrical, and green in the proximal 1-1.2 cm, constricting to 1.8-2.3 mm in its distal 3-4 mm
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="1" pageNumber="2" start="start">before</pageBreakToken>
|
||
abruptly dilating to 7.3 mm and becoming orange (RHSCC orange red 33A). Limb of free tepals (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Stenomesson ecuadorense. A-C Plants in habit on limestone cliff D-G Inflorescence and flowers. Arrow in G denotes androecial teeth interposed between the free filaments H Plants in fruit in habitat I Distribution in Ecuador (black star). Map courtesy of www. freeworldmaps. net. The apparent yellowish stripes in Fig. 1 F are artifacts of camera flash reflectance and are not visible by eye." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.48.4399.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/41391" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">1F</figureCitation>
|
||
) spreading ca. 60° from the throat, 1.7-1.9 cm wide; outer tepals 9.8-10.6 mm
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
4.8-5.6 mm (at middle), acute, with a white, papillose apiculum; inner tepals 7.5-8.5 mm long, 6.5-7 mm wide, minutely apiculate. Stamens joined at base into an inconspicuous membranous staminal corona in the form of six 0.8-1.0 cm long lanceolate, acute teeth, fused to the perianth tube except for the apical 1.0 mm of each tooth (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Stenomesson ecuadorense. A-C Plants in habit on limestone cliff D-G Inflorescence and flowers. Arrow in G denotes androecial teeth interposed between the free filaments H Plants in fruit in habitat I Distribution in Ecuador (black star). Map courtesy of www. freeworldmaps. net. The apparent yellowish stripes in Fig. 1 F are artifacts of camera flash reflectance and are not visible by eye." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.48.4399.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/41391" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">1G</figureCitation>
|
||
), with the filaments inserted between; free filaments filiform, light orange for their proximal third, then white in their distal 2/3, 1.7-1.8 cm long, exserted ca. 1 cm beyond the limb; anthers 1.8-2 mm long, oblong, dorsifixed, introrse; pollen yellow. Style 3.5-3.7 cm long, exserted 5-6 mm past stamens, orange, fading to light orange distally; stigma obscurely tri-lobed, 1-1.4 mm wide. Ovary ellipsoid, ca. 6.7 mm long, ca. 3.2 mm wide, ovules 20 or more per locule, axile in placentation. Mature fruit (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Stenomesson ecuadorense. A-C Plants in habit on limestone cliff D-G Inflorescence and flowers. Arrow in G denotes androecial teeth interposed between the free filaments H Plants in fruit in habitat I Distribution in Ecuador (black star). Map courtesy of www. freeworldmaps. net. The apparent yellowish stripes in Fig. 1 F are artifacts of camera flash reflectance and are not visible by eye." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.48.4399.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/41391" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">1H</figureCitation>
|
||
) a trigonous, papery, tri-loculicidal capsule ca. 1 cm long and 1.5 cm wide; seeds numerous, papyraceous, flattened, shortly obliquely winged, with a dark brown phytomelanous testa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="distribution and ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meerow, Oleas & Jost" authorityYear="2015" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson ecuadorense" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ecuadorense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Stenomesson ecuadorense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is so far only known from the type locality in southern Ecuador (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Stenomesson ecuadorense. A-C Plants in habit on limestone cliff D-G Inflorescence and flowers. Arrow in G denotes androecial teeth interposed between the free filaments H Plants in fruit in habitat I Distribution in Ecuador (black star). Map courtesy of www. freeworldmaps. net. The apparent yellowish stripes in Fig. 1 F are artifacts of camera flash reflectance and are not visible by eye." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.48.4399.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/41391" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">1I</figureCitation>
|
||
) where it grows on what appear to be limestone cliffs above the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
San Luis, just below 1300 m. It was first found by LJ in 2006 and subsequently examined in the field by AM and NO in 2009. As so far known, the species is restricted to these cliffs where it grows in cracks, crevices and narrow shelves on the rock where pockets of humus accumulate. We estimate the population that we observed to consist of several hundred individuals. The full extent of occurrence is not yet known.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">The species is named for the nation of Ecuador, to where it so far appears to be endemic.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="additional material examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
ECUADOR: Zamora Chinchipe, same locality as type, 1254 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="04" direction="south" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="38" value="-4.560556">04°33'38"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="39" value="-79.0775">79°04'39"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, flowering. 23 June 2014,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez">Perez</normalizedToken>
|
||
A. J., et al. 7260 (QCA).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Herbert" authorityYear="1821" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Stenomesson</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Herb. (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Meerow, AW" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="708 - 726" publicationUrl="10.2307/2666729" refId="B10" refString="Meerow, AW, Guy, CL, Li, Q-B, Yang, S-L, 2000. Phylogeny of the American Amaryllidaceae based on nrDNA ITS sequences. Systematic Botany 25: 708 - 726, DOI: 10.2307/2666729" title="Phylogeny of the American Amaryllidaceae based on nrDNA ITS sequences." url="10.2307/2666729" volume="25" year="2000">Meerow et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) includes about 15 spp., and is primarily found in Peru, with only
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Herb" authorityYear="1821" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson aurantiacum" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aurantiacum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Stenomesson aurantiacum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Herb. previously reported from Ecuador (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Meerow, AW" journalOrPublisher="Flora of Ecuador" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 52" refId="B6" refString="Meerow, AW, 1990. 202. Amaryllidaceae. Flora of Ecuador 41: 1 - 52" title="202. Amaryllidaceae." volume="41" year="1990">Meerow 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The genus usually occurs in seasonally dry, grassy vegetation or at the margins of cloud forest above 2000 m elevation, but is also found in Peruvian inter-Andean valleys below 2000 m (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Meerow, AW" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="511 - 517" publicationUrl="10.1600/0363644041744400" refId="B9" refString="Meerow, AW, van der Werff, H, 2004. Pucara (Amaryllidaceae) reduced to synonymy with Stenomesson on the basis of nuclear and plastid DNA spacer sequences, and a new related species of Stenomesson. Systematic Botany 29: 511 - 517, DOI: 10.1600/0363644041744400" title="Pucara (Amaryllidaceae) reduced to synonymy with Stenomesson on the basis of nuclear and plastid DNA spacer sequences, and a new related species of Stenomesson." url="10.1600/0363644041744400" volume="29" year="2004">Meerow and van der Werff 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and the loma formations along the coast of Peru. The new species,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meerow, Oleas & Jost" authorityYear="2015" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson ecuadorense" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ecuadorense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Stenomesson ecuadorense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is found below 1300 m elevation in relatively wet habitat.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meerow, Oleas & Jost" authorityYear="2015" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson ecuadorense" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ecuadorense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="3" start="start">Stenomesson</pageBreakToken>
|
||
ecuadorense
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ravenna" authorityYear="1978" baseAuthorityName="Herb." class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson miniatum" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="miniatum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Stenomesson miniatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Peru, Bolivia; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Species closely related to the new taxa described in this paper. A Stenomesson miniatum (Meerow 1148, FTG) B Stenomesson campanulatum (Meerow 2445 (NA) C Eucharis moorei (Meerow & Meerow 1141, FLAS)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.48.4399.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/41392" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2A</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meerow" authorityYear="1985" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson campanulatum" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="campanulatum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Stenomesson campanulatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Meerow (Peru; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Species closely related to the new taxa described in this paper. A Stenomesson miniatum (Meerow 1148, FTG) B Stenomesson campanulatum (Meerow 2445 (NA) C Eucharis moorei (Meerow & Meerow 1141, FLAS)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.48.4399.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/41392" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2B</figureCitation>
|
||
) by the orange flower color and fusion of the staminal corona to the floral tube, but differs from them (Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Contrasting features of Stenomesson ecuadorense, Stenomesson campanulatum and Stenomesson miniatum." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/02C6E7F3ACED8C56FB8701281F89B764" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" tableUuid="02C6E7F3ACED8C56FB8701281F89B764">1</tableCitation>
|
||
) by the unusual limestone habitat and relatively low elevation.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ravenna" authorityYear="1978" baseAuthorityName="Herb." class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson miniatum" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="miniatum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Stenomesson miniatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has an urceolate corolla, and is always found above 2000 m in elevation to as high as 3500 (unpubl. herbarium data).
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meerow" authorityYear="1985" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson campanulatum" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="campanulatum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Stenomesson campanulatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a non-patent limb and long-exserted stamens (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Meerow, AW" journalOrPublisher="Brittonia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="305 - 309" publicationUrl="10.2307/2806079" refId="B2" refString="Meerow, AW, 1985. A new species of Eucrosia and a new name in Stenomesson (Amaryllidaceae). Brittonia 37: 305 - 309, DOI: 10.2307/2806079" title="A new species of Eucrosia and a new name in Stenomesson (Amaryllidaceae)." url="10.2307/2806079" volume="37" year="1985">Meerow 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The perianth of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meerow, Oleas & Jost" authorityYear="2015" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson ecuadorense" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ecuadorense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Stenomesson ecuadorense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has flaring tepals as does
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ravenna" authorityYear="1978" baseAuthorityName="Herb." class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson miniatum" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="miniatum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Stenomesson miniatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but is long campanulate in morphology. It is only the second species of the genus (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Meerow, AW" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="708 - 726" publicationUrl="10.2307/2666729" refId="B10" refString="Meerow, AW, Guy, CL, Li, Q-B, Yang, S-L, 2000. Phylogeny of the American Amaryllidaceae based on nrDNA ITS sequences. Systematic Botany 25: 708 - 726, DOI: 10.2307/2666729" title="Phylogeny of the American Amaryllidaceae based on nrDNA ITS sequences." url="10.2307/2666729" volume="25" year="2000">Meerow et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) reported from Ecuador, and so far the only endemic one.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="960949" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.48.4399.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/41392" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Species closely related to the new taxa described in this paper.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ravenna" authorityYear="1978" baseAuthorityName="Herb." class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson miniatum" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="miniatum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Stenomesson miniatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Meerow</emphasis>
|
||
1148, FTG)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meerow" authorityYear="1985" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Stenomesson" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stenomesson campanulatum" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="campanulatum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Stenomesson campanulatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Meerow</emphasis>
|
||
2445 (NA)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meerow" authorityYear="1987" baseAuthorityName="Baker" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Eucharis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucharis moorei" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="moorei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Eucharis moorei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Meerow & Meerow</emphasis>
|
||
1141, FLAS).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |