390 lines
36 KiB
XML
390 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fbb326c8-8f97-44f4-a648-ec9f935ee293" ID-PMC="PMC8065025" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1032-17" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7E7EE68D2DB65E1680CC7E33B36AEC74" ID-PubMed="33958915" ID-ZooBank="EBF7586A9EF748FEBFB53D8F1E372120" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1032-17" checkinTime="1618619371065" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Macharoenboon, Kongkit, Siriwut, Warut & Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai" docDate="2021" docId="D2B75A31EC9C58479131D77FA2240426" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1032: 17-62" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1032" docPubDate="2021-04-16" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001" docTitle="Macracantha arcuata" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="7E7EE68D2DB65E1680CC7E33B36AEC74" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="7E7EE68D2DB65E1680CC7E33B36AEC74" masterDocTitle="A review of the taxonomy of spiny-backed orb-weaving spiders of the subfamily Gasteracanthinae (Araneae, Araneidae) in Thailand" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="17" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1668152383754" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A review of the taxonomy of spiny-backed orb-weaving spiders of the subfamily Gasteracanthinae (Araneae, Araneidae) in Thailand</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Macharoenboon, Kongkit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics and Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Siriwut, Warut</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics and Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3477-9548</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics and Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">ekgachai.jer@mahidol.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-04-16</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1032</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>17</mods:start>
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<mods:end>62</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1032-17</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">EBF7586A9EF748FEBFB53D8F1E372120</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">7E7EE68D2DB65E1680CC7E33B36AEC74</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="181024637" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2B75A31EC9C58479131D77FA2240426" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D2B75A31EC9C58479131D77FA2240426" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName LSID="D2B75A31-EC9C-5847-9131-D77FA2240426" authority="(Fabricius, 1793)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Macracantha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macracantha arcuata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuata">Macracantha arcuata (Fabricius, 1793)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Females of A, B Macracantha arcuata and C, D M. hasselti showing dorsal view (left) and ventral view (right) A orange morph, specimen from Prachuap Khiri Khan (MUMNH-ARA-MAC 008) B white morph, specimen from Kanchanaburi (MUMNH-ARA-MAC 013 - W 1) C sharp spines morph, specimen from Saraburi (MUMNH-ARA-GAS 018) D long spines morph, specimen from Phetchaburi (MUMNH-ARA-GAS 025)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/532442" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Figures 9A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Female genitalia of A-C Macracantha arcuata D-I M. hasselti J-L Thelacantha brevispina. Genitalia are shown in dorsal view (A, D, G, J), ventral view from external (B, E, H, K), and posterior view (C, F, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/532445" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">, 12A-C</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Araneidae" genus="Aranea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aranea arcuata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arcuata">Aranea arcuata</taxonomicName>
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Fabricius, 1793: 425. Type locality: East Indies.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Araneidae" genus="Aranea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aranea arcuata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arcuata">Aranea arcuata</taxonomicName>
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Full list of synonyms and usage of the name available in
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<bibRefCitation author="World Spider Catalog" journalOrPublisher="Biodiversity and Conservation" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" publicationUrl="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" refId="B97" refString="World Spider Catalog, 2020. World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern. http://wsc.nmbe.ch" title="World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern." url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2020">World Spider Catalog (2020)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228333" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" location="Thailand" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4">
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<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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•
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<specimenCount type="female">4 ♀</specimenCount>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228418" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="8.1241665" location="Noi" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.924164" municipality="Mueang District" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Krabi Province">
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Krabi">Krabi Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Mueang District</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Krabi">Krabi</collectingRegion>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2B75A31EC9C58479131D77FA2240426:1623337735252AB46E1108183E39BE67" country="Thailand" latitude="8.1241665" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.924164" municipality="Mueang District" name="Noi" stateProvince="Krabi Province">Noi</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="08" direction="north" minutes="07.45" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="8.1241665">08°07.45'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="55.45" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="98.924164">98°55.45'E</geoCoordinate>
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; MUMNH-ARA-MAC002 •
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<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228425" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="8.593" location="Phang-nga Province, Thap Put District" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.668" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Phang-nga Province, Thap Put District">
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<collectingRegion isEnumeration="true">Phang-nga Province, Thap Put District</collectingRegion>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="08" direction="north" minutes="35.58" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="8.593">08°35.58'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="40.08" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="98.668">98°40.08'E</geoCoordinate>
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; MUMNH-ARA-MAC003 •
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<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228322" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="14.518333" location="Pak Chong District" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="101.4" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" stateProvince="Nakhon Ratchasima Province">
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Nakhon Ratchasima">Nakhon Ratchasima Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2B75A31EC9C58479131D77FA2240426:ECC6AD7FC598FE47B5E75388249D536C" country="Thailand" latitude="14.518333" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="101.4" name="Pak Chong District" stateProvince="Nakhon Ratchasima Province">Pak Chong District</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="31.10" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="14.518333">14°31.10'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="24.00" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="101.4">101°24.00'E</geoCoordinate>
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; MUMNH-ARA-MAC004 •
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<specimenCount type="female">5 ♀</specimenCount>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228323" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="8.514667" location="Khao Khao Hua Ling" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.7595" municipality="Plai Phraya District" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Krabi Province">
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Krabi">Krabi Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Plai Phraya District</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2B75A31EC9C58479131D77FA2240426:5B57E8BE1AFEC2E41B64847AC5C9AFC8" country="Thailand" latitude="8.514667" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.7595" municipality="Plai Phraya District" name="Khao Khao Hua Ling" stateProvince="Krabi Province">Khao Khao Hua Ling</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="08" direction="north" minutes="30.88" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="8.514667">08°30.88'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="45.57" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="98.7595">98°45.57'E</geoCoordinate>
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; MUMNH-ARA-MAC005 •
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<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228335" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="9.959167" location="Hat Som" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.6595" municipality="Mueang District" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" stateProvince="Ranong Province">
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Ranong">Ranong Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Mueang District</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2B75A31EC9C58479131D77FA2240426:0A59DFD490EC148B65778E4490DFA62B" country="Thailand" latitude="9.959167" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.6595" municipality="Mueang District" name="Hat Som" stateProvince="Ranong Province">Hat Som</location>
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paen;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="09" direction="north" minutes="57.55" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="9.959167">09°57.55'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="39.57" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="98.6595">98°39.57'E</geoCoordinate>
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; MUMNH-ARA-MAC007 •
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<specimenCount type="female">4 ♀</specimenCount>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228345" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="11.202833" location="Khao Ma Rong Cave" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.49416" municipality="Bang Saphan District" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Prachuap Khiri Khan Province">
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Prachuap Khiri Khan">Prachuap Khiri Khan Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Bang Saphan District</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2B75A31EC9C58479131D77FA2240426:EDAA5A45843A38951F7D6AD7BCEADD5C" country="Thailand" latitude="11.202833" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.49416" municipality="Bang Saphan District" name="Khao Ma Rong Cave" stateProvince="Prachuap Khiri Khan Province">Khao Ma Rong Cave</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="11" direction="north" minutes="12.17" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="11.202833">11°12.17'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="29.65" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="99.49416">99°29.65'E</geoCoordinate>
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; MUMNH-ARA-MAC008 •
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<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228301" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="8.442833" location="Phang-nga Province, Mueang District" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.51583" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Phang-nga Province, Mueang District">
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<collectingRegion isEnumeration="true">Phang-nga Province, Mueang District</collectingRegion>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="08" direction="north" minutes="26.57" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="8.442833">08°26.57'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="30.95" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="98.51583">98°30.95'E</geoCoordinate>
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; MUMNH-ARA-MAC009 •
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<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228306" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="16.729" location="Lom Sak District" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="101.337" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Phetchabun Province">
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Phetchabun">Phetchabun Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2B75A31EC9C58479131D77FA2240426:910DD3C69A611391E2C49B0DDB5E3D69" country="Thailand" latitude="16.729" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="101.337" name="Lom Sak District" stateProvince="Phetchabun Province">Lom Sak District</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="43.74" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="16.729">16°43.74'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="20.22" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="101.337">101°20.22'E</geoCoordinate>
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; MUMNH-ARA-MAC010 •
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<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228397" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="18.898834" location="Pong Yaeng" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.859665" municipality="Mae Rim District" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Mae Rim District</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2B75A31EC9C58479131D77FA2240426:DD2D79139CA00B729405975DF51F8760" country="Thailand" latitude="18.898834" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.859665" municipality="Mae Rim District" name="Pong Yaeng" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">Pong Yaeng</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="53.93" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="18.898834">18°53.93'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="51.58" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="98.859665">98°51.58'E</geoCoordinate>
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; MUMNH-ARA-MAC011 •
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<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228343" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="8.321167" location="Chang Klang District" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.58967" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" stateProvince="Nakhon Si Thammarat Province">
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Nakhon Si Thammarat">Nakhon Si Thammarat Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2B75A31EC9C58479131D77FA2240426:48C4B7D114A9D8D303126A254D750BB2" country="Thailand" latitude="8.321167" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.58967" name="Chang Klang District" stateProvince="Nakhon Si Thammarat Province">Chang Klang District</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="08" direction="north" minutes="19.27" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="8.321167">08°19.27'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="35.38" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="99.58967">99°35.38'E</geoCoordinate>
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; MUMNH-ARA-MAC012 •
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<specimenCount type="female">4 ♀</specimenCount>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228374" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="14.4155" location="Sai Yok District" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.8755" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Kanchanaburi Province">
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Kanchanaburi">Kanchanaburi Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2B75A31EC9C58479131D77FA2240426:1AC78F021B244470C69560DDD708A526" country="Thailand" latitude="14.4155" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.8755" name="Sai Yok District" stateProvince="Kanchanaburi Province">Sai Yok District</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="24.93" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="14.4155">14°24.93'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="52.53" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="98.8755">98°52.53'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-MAC013 •
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228421" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="10.457167" location="Ban Na" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.043" municipality="Mueang District" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Chumphon Province">
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chumphon">Chumphon Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Mueang District</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2B75A31EC9C58479131D77FA2240426:4ABC677E280F498B4F3A4F81A83242BB" country="Thailand" latitude="10.457167" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.043" municipality="Mueang District" name="Ban Na" stateProvince="Chumphon Province">Ban Na</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="27.43" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="10.457167">10°27.43'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="02.58" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="99.043">99°02.58'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-MAC015 •
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228329" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="18.063" location="Mae Ho" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.03667" municipality="Mae Sariang District" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Mae Hong Son Province">
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Mae Hong Son">Mae Hong Son Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Mae Sariang District</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2B75A31EC9C58479131D77FA2240426:F4F1D26BE1C27E85EAB222D3452A39F1" country="Thailand" latitude="18.063" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.03667" municipality="Mae Sariang District" name="Mae Ho" stateProvince="Mae Hong Son Province">Mae Ho</location>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="03.78" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="18.063">18°03.78'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="02.20" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="98.03667">98°02.20'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-MAC016 •
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228372" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="19.1785" location="Mae Taeng District" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.91583" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2B75A31EC9C58479131D77FA2240426:4D1A84FA367AD93A07A7FB95C891959F" country="Thailand" latitude="19.1785" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.91583" name="Mae Taeng District" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">Mae Taeng District</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="10.71" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="19.1785">19°10.71'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="54.95" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="98.91583">98°54.95'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-MAC017 •
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228368" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="10.233833" location="Nam Lot Cave" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.944664" municipality="Sawi District" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chumphon Province">
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chumphon">Chumphon Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Sawi District</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2B75A31EC9C58479131D77FA2240426:77E60E478474EF7956CD5C19555926EB" country="Thailand" latitude="10.233833" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="98.944664" municipality="Sawi District" name="Nam Lot Cave" stateProvince="Chumphon Province">Nam Lot Cave</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="14.03" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="10.233833">10°14.03'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="56.68" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="98.944664">98°56.68'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-MAC019
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
•
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228341" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="10.426333" location="Wat Tham Sing" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.0605" municipality="Mueang District" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Chumphon Province">
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chumphon">Chumphon Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Mueang District</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2B75A31EC9C58479131D77FA2240426:FEE78AC7F4CDE456932CC1A14CB8AC94" country="Thailand" latitude="10.426333" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="99.0605" municipality="Mueang District" name="Wat Tham Sing" stateProvince="Chumphon Province">Wat Tham Sing</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="25.58" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="10.426333">10°25.58'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="03.63" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="99.0605">99°03.63'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-MAC020 •
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228422" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" latitude="12.518666" location="Laem Sing District" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="102.1705" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chanthaburi Province">
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chanthaburi">Chanthaburi Province</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2B75A31EC9C58479131D77FA2240426:3314070B033EAAE35D7FE1DCFA53FC10" country="Thailand" latitude="12.518666" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="102.1705" name="Laem Sing District" stateProvince="Chanthaburi Province">Laem Sing District</location>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="31.12" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="12.518666">12°31.12'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="10.23" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="102.1705">102°10.23'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-MAC022
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228334" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Cambodia" location="Cambodia" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
|
|
<collectingCountry name="Cambodia">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
|
|
•
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3079228410" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Cambodia" latitude="10.582" location="Province" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="104.12033" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kampot District">
|
|
<collectingCountry name="Cambodia">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D2B75A31EC9C58479131D77FA2240426:7CC9B3B82C44133BB7EAD00FCDED22F7" country="Cambodia" latitude="10.582" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="104.12033" name="Province" stateProvince="Kampot District">Province</location>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Cambodia" name="Kampot">Kampot District</collectingRegion>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="34.92" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="10.582">10°34.92'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="104" direction="east" minutes="07.22" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="104.12033">104°07.22'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; MUMNH-ARA-MAC021
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
|
|
Sternum black with yellow patches near anterior edge, coxae II and III, and the apex. Abdomen octagonal, orange, and slightly wider than long. Anterior edge of abdomen curved between anterior spines. Median spines very long, slender, and strongly arched, three times the abdomen width. Anterior and posterior spines poorly developed. Ventral side of abdomen orange. Spinnerets placed on strongly elevated black sclerotized structure. Ten anterior edge sigilla subequal in size. Four median sigilla arranged in a trapezoid. Ten posterior edge sigilla arranged in a straight line, closely spaced together. Outer posterior edge with nine sigilla: five sigilla placed near posterior spines, two sigilla on each side. Epigynum wider than long, with transparent median groove, visible in ventral view (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Female genitalia of A-C Macracantha arcuata D-I M. hasselti J-L Thelacantha brevispina. Genitalia are shown in dorsal view (A, D, G, J), ventral view from external (B, E, H, K), and posterior view (C, F, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/532445" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">12B</figureCitation>
|
|
). Scape tongue-shaped, with strongly recurved tip, visible in ventral view (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Female genitalia of A-C Macracantha arcuata D-I M. hasselti J-L Thelacantha brevispina. Genitalia are shown in dorsal view (A, D, G, J), ventral view from external (B, E, H, K), and posterior view (C, F, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/532445" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">12B</figureCitation>
|
|
). Spermathecae reniform (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Female genitalia of A-C Macracantha arcuata D-I M. hasselti J-L Thelacantha brevispina. Genitalia are shown in dorsal view (A, D, G, J), ventral view from external (B, E, H, K), and posterior view (C, F, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/532445" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">12A</figureCitation>
|
|
). Copulatory ducts bulging distally, encapsulated by sclerotized structure (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Female genitalia of A-C Macracantha arcuata D-I M. hasselti J-L Thelacantha brevispina. Genitalia are shown in dorsal view (A, D, G, J), ventral view from external (B, E, H, K), and posterior view (C, F, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/532445" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">12A, C</figureCitation>
|
|
). Fertilization ducts emerging posteriorly from spermathecae (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Female genitalia of A-C Macracantha arcuata D-I M. hasselti J-L Thelacantha brevispina. Genitalia are shown in dorsal view (A, D, G, J), ventral view from external (B, E, H, K), and posterior view (C, F, I, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/532445" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">12A</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="variation">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Variation.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
|
|
Two plain color morphs were found in this study, consisting of an orange morph (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Females of A, B Macracantha arcuata and C, D M. hasselti showing dorsal view (left) and ventral view (right) A orange morph, specimen from Prachuap Khiri Khan (MUMNH-ARA-MAC 008) B white morph, specimen from Kanchanaburi (MUMNH-ARA-MAC 013 - W 1) C sharp spines morph, specimen from Saraburi (MUMNH-ARA-GAS 018) D long spines morph, specimen from Phetchaburi (MUMNH-ARA-GAS 025)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/532442" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">9A</figureCitation>
|
|
), and a white morph (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Females of A, B Macracantha arcuata and C, D M. hasselti showing dorsal view (left) and ventral view (right) A orange morph, specimen from Prachuap Khiri Khan (MUMNH-ARA-MAC 008) B white morph, specimen from Kanchanaburi (MUMNH-ARA-MAC 013 - W 1) C sharp spines morph, specimen from Saraburi (MUMNH-ARA-GAS 018) D long spines morph, specimen from Phetchaburi (MUMNH-ARA-GAS 025)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/532442" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">9B</figureCitation>
|
|
). The orange morph was the most common, whereas the white morph was found rarely within some populations.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1032.62001.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/532442" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Figure 9.</emphasis>
|
|
Females of
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">A, B</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Macracantha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macracantha arcuata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuata">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Macracantha arcuata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">C, D</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. hasselti" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="hasselti">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">M. hasselti</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
showing dorsal view (left) and ventral view (right)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">A</emphasis>
|
|
orange morph, specimen from Prachuap Khiri Khan (MUMNH-ARA-MAC008)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">B</emphasis>
|
|
white morph, specimen from Kanchanaburi (MUMNH-ARA-MAC013-W1)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">C</emphasis>
|
|
sharp spines morph, specimen from Saraburi (MUMNH-ARA-GAS018)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">D</emphasis>
|
|
long spines morph, specimen from Phetchaburi (MUMNH-ARA-GAS025).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
|
|
India, Sri Lanka, China, Myanmar, Malaysia, Thailand, Cambodia, and Indonesia (Java and Sumatra) (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Tikader, BK" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" refId="B88" refString="Tikader, BK, 1982. The fauna of India. Spiders: Araneae. Vol. II. Part 1 Family Araneidae (= Argiopidae) typical orb-weavers. Part 2 Family Gnaphosidae. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta" title="The fauna of India. Spiders: Araneae. Vol. II. Part 1 Family Araneidae (= Argiopidae) typical orb-weavers. Part 2 Family Gnaphosidae." year="1982">Tikader 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Yin, CM" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" refId="B99" refString="Yin, CM, Wang, JF, Zhu, MS, Xie, LP, Peng, XJ, Bao, YH, 1997. Fauna Sinica: Arachnida: Araneae: Araneidae. Science Press, Beijing" title="Fauna Sinica: Arachnida: Araneae: Araneidae." year="1997">Yin et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="World Spider Catalog" journalOrPublisher="Biodiversity and Conservation" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" publicationUrl="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" refId="B97" refString="World Spider Catalog, 2020. World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern. http://wsc.nmbe.ch" title="World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern." url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Macracantha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macracantha arcuata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuata">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Macracantha arcuata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
builds a vertical web under the shade of large trees or thick bushes. The female spider hangs at the underside of the web.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |