775 lines
75 KiB
XML
775 lines
75 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822" ID-GBIF-Dataset="878378ef-d80c-4810-8dc6-1f447a83e764" ID-PMC="PMC8041733" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1028-29" ID-Pensoft-UUID="E5154712597B573EBD183319DB610958" ID-PubMed="33883966" ID-ZooBank="F71826D1E5F649BD94EC4DBBA76D40EC" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1028-29" checkinTime="1617717736788" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Feng, Shuo, Chen, Qing-Hua & Guo, Zhao-Liang" docDate="2021" docId="41D0F7F5418059B4BC70CAA92B439824" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1028: 29-47" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1028" docPubDate="2021-04-05" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822" docTitle="Caridina incolor Feng & Chen & Guo 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="FF693EA8-140F-49F5-8B85-A59080737670" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="E5154712597B573EBD183319DB610958" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="E5154712597B573EBD183319DB610958" masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy uncovers a new stygobiotic Caridina species (Decapoda, Caridea, Atyidae) from Guizhou Province, China" masterLastPageNumber="47" masterPageNumber="29" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1668150022562" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Integrative taxonomy uncovers a new stygobiotic Caridina species (Decapoda, Caridea, Atyidae) from Guizhou Province, China</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Feng, Shuo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3103-4177</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Animal Science, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Nanhai 528231, Guangdong Province, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Chen, Qing-Hua</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Animal Science, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Nanhai 528231, Guangdong Province, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Guo, Zhao-Liang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Animal Science, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Nanhai 528231, Guangdong Province, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">zlguo@fosu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-04-05</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1028</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>29</mods:start>
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<mods:end>47</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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||
<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1028-29</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F71826D1E5F649BD94EC4DBBA76D40EC</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">E5154712597B573EBD183319DB610958</mods:identifier>
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||
</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="180876979" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FF693EA8-140F-49F5-8B85-A59080737670" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/41D0F7F5418059B4BC70CAA92B439824" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/FF693EA8-140F-49F5-8B85-A59080737670" authority="Feng & Chen & Guo, 2021" authorityName="Feng & Chen & Guo" authorityYear="2021" class="Malacostraca" family="Atyidae" genus="Caridina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridina incolor" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incolor" status="sp. nov.">Caridina incolor</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="29">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A entire animal, lateral view B antennule C antenna D mandible E maxillula F maxilla G first maxilliped H second maxilliped I third maxilliped J first pereiopod K diaeresis of uropodal exopod A holotype B-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528351" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figures 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral view B second pereiopod C third pereiopod D dactylus of third pereiopod E fourth pereiopod F dactylus of fourth pereiopod G fifth pereiopod H dactylus of fifth pereiopod I first male pleopod J second male pleopod K distal margin of telson A-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528352" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">, 4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Habitats, variable features, and live coloration of Caridina incolor sp. nov. A surrounding environment of Yaoshui Cave during the dry season B same site during the rainy season C-E variable rostrum and eye size in life F ovigerous female in life." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528353" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">, 5</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3068467301" collectingDate="2018-01-11" collectingDateMax="2018-11-27" collectingDateMin="2018-01-11" country="China" county="Libo County" latitude="25.283611" location="Adult" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="107.75222" municipality="Daqikong" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guizhou Province" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41D0F7F5418059B4BC70CAA92B439824:5250D43E96A6F6CE8A5767632B82F729" country="China" county="Libo County" latitude="25.283611" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="107.75222" municipality="Daqikong" name="Adult" stateProvince="Guizhou Province">Adult</location>
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male (FU,
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<collectingDate value="2018-01-11" valueMax="2018-01-27" valueMin="2018-01-11">2018-11-27-01</collectingDate>
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), tl
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.18" unit="mm" value="21.8">21.8 mm</quantity>
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, cl
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" unit="mm" value="5.1">5.1 mm</quantity>
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, rl 3.0 mm;
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41D0F7F5418059B4BC70CAA92B439824:E322778AF9E2D87D575DF3D169DD52AC" country="China" county="Libo County" latitude="25.283611" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="107.75222" municipality="Daqikong" name="Yaoshui Cave" stateProvince="Guizhou Province">Yaoshui Cave</location>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41D0F7F5418059B4BC70CAA92B439824:E99111152396F92E7D211708B6441B3C" country="China" county="Libo County" latitude="25.283611" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="107.75222" municipality="Daqikong" name="Mengtang Village" stateProvince="Guizhou Province">Mengtang Village</location>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41D0F7F5418059B4BC70CAA92B439824:BB5499DDCC23DE55912EDA10E3FE31F0" country="China" county="Libo County" latitude="25.283611" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="107.75222" municipality="Daqikong" name="Wangmeng Township" stateProvince="Guizhou Province">Wangmeng Township</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Daqikong</collectingMunicipality>
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scenic area,
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<collectingCounty>Libo County</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingRegion country="China" name="Guizhou">Guizhou Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
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(
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<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="1" value="25.283611">25°17'1"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="107" direction="east" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="8" value="107.75222">107°45'8"E</geoCoordinate>
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, alt. 520.0 m),
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<collectingDate value="2018-11-27">November 27, 2018</collectingDate>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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(FU,
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<date value="2018-02-11" valueMax="2018-02-27" valueMin="2018-02-11">2018-11-27-02</date>
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) tl
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.59" unit="mm" value="25.9">25.9 mm</quantity>
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, cl
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" unit="mm" value="6.1">6.1 mm</quantity>
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, rl
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
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;
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<specimenCount type="male">16 males</specimenCount>
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(FU,
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<date value="2018-03-11" valueMax="2018-03-27" valueMin="2018-03-11">2018-11-27-03</date>
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) tl
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.165" metricValueMax="2.59" metricValueMin="1.7399999999999998" unit="mm" value="21.65" valueMax="25.9" valueMin="17.4">17.4-25.9 mm</quantity>
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, cl 4.2-6.0 mm, rl
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="2.4" unit="mm" value="2.9" valueMax="3.4" valueMin="2.4">2.4-3.4 mm</quantity>
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||
;
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3068467304" collectingDate="2018-04-11" collectingDateMax="2018-04-27" collectingDateMin="2018-04-11" country="China" county="Libo County" latitude="25.283611" location="Adult" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="107.75222" municipality="Daqikong" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-female="10" stateProvince="Guizhou" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCount type="female">10 females</specimenCount>
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(FU,
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<collectingDate value="2018-04-11" valueMax="2018-04-27" valueMin="2018-04-11">2018-11-27-04</collectingDate>
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), tl
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.52" metricValueMin="1.78" unit="mm" value="21.5" valueMax="25.2" valueMin="17.8">17.8-25.2 mm</quantity>
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, cl
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" metricValueMax="6.1" metricValueMin="4.5" unit="mm" value="5.3" valueMax="6.1" valueMin="4.5">4.5-6.1 mm</quantity>
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, rl
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="2.4" unit="mm" value="2.9" valueMax="3.4" valueMin="2.4">2.4-3.4 mm</quantity>
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; cl
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="4.9" unit="mm" value="5.75" valueMax="6.6" valueMin="4.9">4.9-6.6 mm</quantity>
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, same data as for holotype
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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:
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<specimenCount type="male">6 males</specimenCount>
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(FU,
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<date value="2018-05-11" valueMax="2018-05-27" valueMin="2018-05-11">2018-11-27-05</date>
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) tl
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.175" metricValueMax="2.51" metricValueMin="1.8399999999999999" unit="mm" value="21.75" valueMax="25.1" valueMin="18.4">18.4-25.1 mm</quantity>
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, cl
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.15" metricValueMax="5.9" metricValueMin="4.4" unit="mm" value="5.15" valueMax="5.9" valueMin="4.4">4.4-5.9 mm</quantity>
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, rl 2.5-3.0 mm;
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3068467303" collectingDate="2018-05-11" collectingDateMax="2018-06-27" collectingDateMin="2018-05-11" country="China" county="Libo County" latitude="25.283611" location="Adult" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="107.75222" municipality="Daqikong" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-female="9" stateProvince="Guizhou" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCount type="female">9 females</specimenCount>
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(3 ovigerous) (FU,
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<collectingDate value="2018-06-11" valueMax="2018-06-27" valueMin="2018-06-11">2018-11-27-06</collectingDate>
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), tl 17.5-25.0 mm, cl 4.5-6.0 mm, rl
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.4" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.4">2.4-3.1 mm</quantity>
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; cl 5.0-
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" unit="mm" value="6.3">6.3 mm</quantity>
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, same data as for holotype. Two samples from (FU,
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<collectingDate value="2018-05-11" valueMax="2018-05-27" valueMin="2018-05-11">2018-11-27-05</collectingDate>
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) and three samples from (FU,
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<collectingDate value="2018-06-11" valueMax="2018-06-27" valueMin="2018-06-11">2018-11-27-06</collectingDate>
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) were sequenced
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Comparative material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="D.-J.Xu, D.-X.Li, Zheng, X.-Z. & Guo" authorityYear="2020" class="Malacostraca" family="Atyidae" genus="Caridina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridina sinanensis" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinanensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caridina sinanensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Xu, Li, Zhang and Guo 2020.
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3068467302" collectingDate="2019-01-01" collectingDateMax="2019-01-25" collectingDateMin="2019-01-01" collectorName="Adult" country="China" county="Sinan County" elevation="295" latitude="27.73611" location="Pengjiaao" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="108.19945" municipality="Tangtou Town" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guizhou Province" typeStatus="Paratypes">
|
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<collectorName>Adult</collectorName>
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male (FU,
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<collectingDate value="2019-01-01" valueMax="2019-01-25" valueMin="2019-01-01">2019-01-25-01</collectingDate>
|
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), tl
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.67" unit="mm" value="16.7">16.7 mm</quantity>
|
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, cl
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" unit="mm" value="4.8">4.8 mm</quantity>
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, rl
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
; a cave river at
|
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41D0F7F5418059B4BC70CAA92B439824:4C7D27E6AAFC0EF001BA12F3F95B98F3" country="China" county="Sinan County" latitude="27.73611" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="108.19945" municipality="Tangtou Town" name="Pengjiaao" stateProvince="Guizhou Province">Pengjiaao</location>
|
||
,
|
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<collectingMunicipality>Tangtou Town</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCounty>Sinan County</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
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<collectingRegion country="China" name="Guizhou">Guizhou Province</collectingRegion>
|
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, southwestern,
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<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="10" value="27.73611">27°44'10"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="108" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="58" value="108.19945">108°11'58"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, alt.
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.947" unit="m" value="294.7">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.947" unit="m" value="294.7">294.7 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingDate value="2019-01-25">January 25, 2019</collectingDate>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
(FU,
|
||
<date value="2019-02-01" valueMax="2019-02-25" valueMin="2019-02-01">2019-01-25-02</date>
|
||
) cl
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" unit="mm" value="5.4">5.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
(FU,
|
||
<date value="2019-03-01" valueMax="2019-03-25" valueMin="2019-03-01">2019-01-25-03</date>
|
||
) cl
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" unit="mm" value="6.8">6.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
(FU,
|
||
<date value="2019-04-01" valueMax="2019-04-25" valueMin="2019-04-01">2019-01-25-04</date>
|
||
) cl
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" unit="mm" value="4.8">4.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||
(FU,
|
||
<date value="2019-05-01" valueMax="2019-05-25" valueMin="2019-05-01">2019-01-25-05</date>
|
||
), cl
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="4.2" unit="mm" value="5.2" valueMax="6.2" valueMin="4.2">4.2-6.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">20 females</specimenCount>
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||
(9 ovigerous) (FU,
|
||
<date value="2019-05-01" valueMax="2019-05-25" valueMin="2019-05-01">2019-01-25-05</date>
|
||
), cl
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="4.9" unit="mm" value="5.75" valueMax="6.6" valueMin="4.9">4.9-6.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Body and appendages without coloration, translucent. Rostrum slender, slightly elevated at base, reaching to base of 3rd segment of antennular peduncle to end of scaphocerite; straight, slightly sloping downwards, sometimes with tip turned upwards; rostral formula 6-10+11-27/4-15. First pereiopod carpus 0.83-0.91
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as chela, 2.3-2.7
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as high; chela 2.2-2.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as broad; fingers 1.1-1.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as palm. Second pereiopod carpus 1.3-1.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as chela, 5.4-5.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as high; chela 2.4-2.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as broad; fingers 1.6-1.8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as palm. Third pereiopod propodus 3.8-4.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as dactylus, 13.6-14.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
breadth, with 8-11 thin spines on the posterior and lateral margins. Fifth pereiopod propodus 4.0-4.7
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as dactylus, 17.6-20.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
breadth, with 17-20 thin spines on the posterior and lateral margins, dactylus terminating in one claw, with 50-55 spinules on flexor margin. Endopod of male subrectangular, slightly wider proximally, length 0.39-0.46
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
exopod length, 2.0-2.2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
proximal breadth, ending broadly rounded; inner margin slightly concave, bearing spine-like setae, outer margin slightly convex, proximally 1/3 bearing nearly equal length short spine-like setae, distally 2/3 bearing nearly equal length long spine-like setae, and top bearing nearly equal length stout spine-like setae; appendix interna well developed, arising from distal 1/3 of endopod, beyond the end of endopod, distally with cincinulli. Appendix masculina rod-shaped and gradually tapering into a triangular tip, reaching about 0.48-0.51
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of endopod, with numerous long spined setae on proximal and distal regions; endopod reaching about 0.76-0.79
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of exopod; appendix interna well developed, reaching about 0.58-0.78
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of appendix masculina, with cincinulli distally. Uropodal diaeresis with 10-12 movable spinules. Females carry 10-15 eggs, size of undeveloped eggs (without eyespots) 0.83-0.88
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.18-1.26 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528351" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Feng & Chen & Guo" authorityYear="2021" class="Malacostraca" family="Atyidae" genus="Caridina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridina incolor" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incolor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caridina incolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
|
||
entire animal, lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">B</emphasis>
|
||
antennule
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C</emphasis>
|
||
antenna
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D</emphasis>
|
||
mandible
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">E</emphasis>
|
||
maxillula
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">F</emphasis>
|
||
maxilla
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">G</emphasis>
|
||
first maxilliped
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">H</emphasis>
|
||
second maxilliped
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">I</emphasis>
|
||
third maxilliped
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">J</emphasis>
|
||
first pereiopod
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">K</emphasis>
|
||
diaeresis of uropodal exopod
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
|
||
holotype
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">B-K</emphasis>
|
||
paratype (FU, 2018-11-27-02).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Body</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A entire animal, lateral view B antennule C antenna D mandible E maxillula F maxilla G first maxilliped H second maxilliped I third maxilliped J first pereiopod K diaeresis of uropodal exopod A holotype B-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528351" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Habitats, variable features, and live coloration of Caridina incolor sp. nov. A surrounding environment of Yaoshui Cave during the dry season B same site during the rainy season C-E variable rostrum and eye size in life F ovigerous female in life." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528353" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5C-F</figureCitation>
|
||
): Slender, smooth, colorless, translucent, sub-cylindrical, and medium-sized, males up to 25.9 mm tl, females up to 25.2 mm tl.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Rostrum</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A entire animal, lateral view B antennule C antenna D mandible E maxillula F maxilla G first maxilliped H second maxilliped I third maxilliped J first pereiopod K diaeresis of uropodal exopod A holotype B-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528351" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral view B second pereiopod C third pereiopod D dactylus of third pereiopod E fourth pereiopod F dactylus of fourth pereiopod G fifth pereiopod H dactylus of fifth pereiopod I first male pleopod J second male pleopod K distal margin of telson A-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528352" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Habitats, variable features, and live coloration of Caridina incolor sp. nov. A surrounding environment of Yaoshui Cave during the dry season B same site during the rainy season C-E variable rostrum and eye size in life F ovigerous female in life." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528353" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5C-F</figureCitation>
|
||
): 0.47-0.77 of cl, slender, slightly elevated at base, reaching to base of 3rd segment of antennular peduncle to end of scaphocerite; straight, slightly sloping downwards (55.8%, N = 43), tip sometimes turned upward (44.2%); armed dorsally with 17-27 teeth, including 6-10 (usually 5-8) on the carapace, with 4-15 (usually 5-8) ventral teeth; lateral carina dividing rostrum into two unequal parts, continuing posteriorly to the orbital margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A entire animal, lateral view B antennule C antenna D mandible E maxillula F maxilla G first maxilliped H second maxilliped I third maxilliped J first pereiopod K diaeresis of uropodal exopod A holotype B-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528351" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral view B second pereiopod C third pereiopod D dactylus of third pereiopod E fourth pereiopod F dactylus of fourth pereiopod G fifth pereiopod H dactylus of fifth pereiopod I first male pleopod J second male pleopod K distal margin of telson A-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528352" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Habitats, variable features, and live coloration of Caridina incolor sp. nov. A surrounding environment of Yaoshui Cave during the dry season B same site during the rainy season C-E variable rostrum and eye size in life F ovigerous female in life." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528353" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5C-F</figureCitation>
|
||
) small, bullet-like, reduced, with a short stalk, lacking facets, cornea pigmentation has great variability in the eye phenotype, with the smaller pigmented cornea (79%, N = 43), or totally pigmentless and blind (21%).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Carapace</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A entire animal, lateral view B antennule C antenna D mandible E maxillula F maxilla G first maxilliped H second maxilliped I third maxilliped J first pereiopod K diaeresis of uropodal exopod A holotype B-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528351" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral view B second pereiopod C third pereiopod D dactylus of third pereiopod E fourth pereiopod F dactylus of fourth pereiopod G fifth pereiopod H dactylus of fifth pereiopod I first male pleopod J second male pleopod K distal margin of telson A-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528352" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4A</figureCitation>
|
||
): Smooth, swollen; antennal spine acute, fused with inferior orbital angle; pterygostomial angle angular, produced forward; pterygostomian spine absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Antennule</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A entire animal, lateral view B antennule C antenna D mandible E maxillula F maxilla G first maxilliped H second maxilliped I third maxilliped J first pereiopod K diaeresis of uropodal exopod A holotype B-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528351" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3B</figureCitation>
|
||
): Reaching slightly short of scaphocerite; stylocerite long, reaching end of the basal segment, basal segment robust, anterolateral angle with broadly produced sharp projection, reaching 0.25 length of 2nd segment; about 0.72-0.76
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of combined length of 2nd and 3rd segments, 2nd segment as long as 0.76-0.82
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of basal segment, 1.2-1.3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of 3rd segment; all segments with sub-marginal plumose setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Antenna</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A entire animal, lateral view B antennule C antenna D mandible E maxillula F maxilla G first maxilliped H second maxilliped I third maxilliped J first pereiopod K diaeresis of uropodal exopod A holotype B-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528351" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3C</figureCitation>
|
||
): Peduncle about 0.44-0.58
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as scaphocerite; scaphocerite 3.1-3.8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as wide, outer margin straight, asetose, ending in a strong sub-apical spine, inner and anterior margins with long plumose setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Mouthparts</emphasis>
|
||
characteristic of the genus. Mandible with well-developed incisor and molar processes; left incisor process with a single short sharp outer tooth, two long stout inner teeth, 7 curving setae followed by a patch of long setae; molar process stout and with triturative surface (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A entire animal, lateral view B antennule C antenna D mandible E maxillula F maxilla G first maxilliped H second maxilliped I third maxilliped J first pereiopod K diaeresis of uropodal exopod A holotype B-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528351" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Maxillula with broadly rounded lower lacinia, with several rows of marginal and submarginal plumose setae; upper lacinia elongate, medial edge straight, with 25-35 strong spinules and simple setae; palp simple, longer than wide, slightly expanded distally, with 4 simple setae at basal part and 6 at distal part (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A entire animal, lateral view B antennule C antenna D mandible E maxillula F maxilla G first maxilliped H second maxilliped I third maxilliped J first pereiopod K diaeresis of uropodal exopod A holotype B-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528351" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Maxilla with well-developed scaphognathite, tapers posteriorly, with a regular row of long plumose setae and short marginal plumose setae continuing down the proximal triangular process distally, furnished with numerous long plumose setae; upper and middle endite with marginal, simple, denticulate setae, with plumose setae distally; lower endite with long simple marginal setae; palp shorter than the cleft of upper endite, wider than distal setose proximally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A entire animal, lateral view B antennule C antenna D mandible E maxillula F maxilla G first maxilliped H second maxilliped I third maxilliped J first pereiopod K diaeresis of uropodal exopod A holotype B-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528351" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3F</figureCitation>
|
||
). First maxilliped palp broad, with terminal plumose setae; caridean lobe broad, with marginal plumose setae; exopodal flagellum well developed, with marginal plumose setae distally; ultimate and penultimate segments of endopod indistinctly divided; medial and distal margins of an ultimate segment with marginal and sub-marginal rows of simple, denticulate and plumose setae; penultimate segments with marginal long plumose setae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A entire animal, lateral view B antennule C antenna D mandible E maxillula F maxilla G first maxilliped H second maxilliped I third maxilliped J first pereiopod K diaeresis of uropodal exopod A holotype B-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528351" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3G</figureCitation>
|
||
). The second maxilliped with endopodite ultimate and penultimate antennomeres fused, slightly concave, reflected against basal antennomeres, inner margin of ultimate, penultimate, and basal segments with long setae of various types; exopod flagellum long, slender with marginal plumose setae distally. Podobranchium comb-like (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A entire animal, lateral view B antennule C antenna D mandible E maxillula F maxilla G first maxilliped H second maxilliped I third maxilliped J first pereiopod K diaeresis of uropodal exopod A holotype B-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528351" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Third maxilliped with three-segmented endopod, reaching slightly beyond scaphocerite; penultimate segment 0.89-0.96
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of the basal segment; distal segment 0.75-0.91
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of the penultimate segment, ending in a large claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, preceded by about 7-9 spines on the distal third of the posterior margin, with a clump of long and short simple, serrate setae proximally; exopod flagellum well developed, about 0.25-0.34
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of the penultimate segment of endopod, distal margin with long plumose setae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A entire animal, lateral view B antennule C antenna D mandible E maxillula F maxilla G first maxilliped H second maxilliped I third maxilliped J first pereiopod K diaeresis of uropodal exopod A holotype B-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528351" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3I</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">First pereiopod</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A entire animal, lateral view B antennule C antenna D mandible E maxillula F maxilla G first maxilliped H second maxilliped I third maxilliped J first pereiopod K diaeresis of uropodal exopod A holotype B-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528351" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3J</figureCitation>
|
||
): Short, reaches the end of eyes; chela length 2.2-2.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
breadth, 1.1-1.2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of the carpus; movable finger length 3.1-3.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
breadth, 1.1-1.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of the palm, setal brushes well developed; carpus excavated disto-dorsally, length 2.3-2.7
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
breadth, about the same length of merus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Second pereiopod</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral view B second pereiopod C third pereiopod D dactylus of third pereiopod E fourth pereiopod F dactylus of fourth pereiopod G fifth pereiopod H dactylus of fifth pereiopod I first male pleopod J second male pleopod K distal margin of telson A-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528352" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4B</figureCitation>
|
||
): Reaches about the end of 3rd antennular peduncle segment, slenderer and longer than the first pereiopod; chela length 2.4-2.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
breadth, 0.73-0.77
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of the carpus; movable finger length 4.5-4.8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
breadth, and 1.6-1.8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of the palm, setal brushes well developed; carpus length 5.4-5.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
breadth, slightly excavated distally, 1.0-1.1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of merus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528352" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Feng & Chen & Guo" authorityYear="2021" class="Malacostraca" family="Atyidae" genus="Caridina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridina incolor" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incolor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caridina incolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
|
||
carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">B</emphasis>
|
||
second pereiopod
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C</emphasis>
|
||
third pereiopod
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">D</emphasis>
|
||
dactylus of third pereiopod
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">E</emphasis>
|
||
fourth pereiopod
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">F</emphasis>
|
||
dactylus of fourth pereiopod
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">G</emphasis>
|
||
fifth pereiopod
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">H</emphasis>
|
||
dactylus of fifth pereiopod
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">I</emphasis>
|
||
first male pleopod
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">J</emphasis>
|
||
second male pleopod
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">K</emphasis>
|
||
distal margin of telson
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A-K</emphasis>
|
||
paratype (FU, 2018-11-27-02).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Third pereiopod</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral view B second pereiopod C third pereiopod D dactylus of third pereiopod E fourth pereiopod F dactylus of fourth pereiopod G fifth pereiopod H dactylus of fifth pereiopod I first male pleopod J second male pleopod K distal margin of telson A-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528352" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
): Reaches beyond the end of scaphocerite; dactylus length 4.4-4.7
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
breadth, ending in prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, behind which bears 6-7 spines; propodus length 3.8-4.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of the dactylus, bearing 8-11 spinules on posterior margin, 13.6-14.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
breadth; carpus length 0.65-0.72
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of the propodus; merus length 1.9-2.1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of the carpus, with about 3 strong spines on the posterior margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Fourth pereiopod</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral view B second pereiopod C third pereiopod D dactylus of third pereiopod E fourth pereiopod F dactylus of fourth pereiopod G fifth pereiopod H dactylus of fifth pereiopod I first male pleopod J second male pleopod K distal margin of telson A-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528352" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
): Reaches end of 3rd segment of antennular peduncle; dactylus length 4.2-5.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
breadth, ending in prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, behind which bears 7-8 spines; propodus length 3.8-4.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of the dactylus, bearing 12-15 spinules on posterior margin, 14.6-17.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
breadth; carpus length 0.58-0.73
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of the propodus; merus length 1.9
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of the carpus, with about 3 strong spines on the posterior margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Fifth pereiopod</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral view B second pereiopod C third pereiopod D dactylus of third pereiopod E fourth pereiopod F dactylus of fourth pereiopod G fifth pereiopod H dactylus of fifth pereiopod I first male pleopod J second male pleopod K distal margin of telson A-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528352" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
): Reaches end of 3rd segment of antennular peduncle; dactylus length 4.2-5.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
breadth, ending in prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, behind which bears comb-like row 50-55 spines; propodus length 4.0-4.7
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of the dactylus, bearing 17-20 spinules on posterior margin, 17.6-20.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
breadth; carpus length 0.55-0.60
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of the propodus; merus length 1.5-1.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of the carpus, with about 3 strong spines on the posterior margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">First four pereiopods with epipod. Branchial formula typical for the genus.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">First pleopod</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral view B second pereiopod C third pereiopod D dactylus of third pereiopod E fourth pereiopod F dactylus of fourth pereiopod G fifth pereiopod H dactylus of fifth pereiopod I first male pleopod J second male pleopod K distal margin of telson A-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528352" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4I</figureCitation>
|
||
): Endopod of male subrectangular, slightly wider proximally, length 0.39-0.46
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
exopod length, 2.0-2.2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
proximal breadth, ending broadly rounded; inner margin slightly concave, bearing spine-like setae, outer margin slightly convex, proximally 1/3 bearing nearly equal length short spine-like setae, distally 2/3 bearing nearly equal length long spine-like setae, and top bearing nearly equal length stout spine-like setae; appendix interna well developed, arising from distal 1/3 of endopod, reaching beyond the end of endopod, with cincinulli distally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Second pleopod</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral view B second pereiopod C third pereiopod D dactylus of third pereiopod E fourth pereiopod F dactylus of fourth pereiopod G fifth pereiopod H dactylus of fifth pereiopod I first male pleopod J second male pleopod K distal margin of telson A-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528352" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4J</figureCitation>
|
||
): Appendix masculina rod-shaped and gradually tapering into a triangular tip, reaching about 0.48-0.51
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of endopod, with numerous long spine setae on proximal and distal margins; endopod reaching about 0.76-0.79
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of exopod; appendix interna well developed, reaching about 0.58-0.78
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of appendix masculina, with cincinulli distally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Telson</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral view B second pereiopod C third pereiopod D dactylus of third pereiopod E fourth pereiopod F dactylus of fourth pereiopod G fifth pereiopod H dactylus of fifth pereiopod I first male pleopod J second male pleopod K distal margin of telson A-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528352" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4K</figureCitation>
|
||
): 0.40-0.55
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of cl, shorter than sixth abdominal segment, 0.67-0.96
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of the sixth abdominal segment, posteriorly tapering, with median projection, dorsal surface with 5 pairs of stout movable spine setae including the pair at posterolateral angles; posterior margin with 4 pairs of intermedial strong spiniform setae, sublateral pair shorter than lateral and inner pairs. Exopodite of the uropod bears a series of 10-12 movable spinules along the diaresis, the last one shorter than the lateral process (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A entire animal, lateral view B antennule C antenna D mandible E maxillula F maxilla G first maxilliped H second maxilliped I third maxilliped J first pereiopod K diaeresis of uropodal exopod A holotype B-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528351" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3K</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Females carry 10-15 eggs, size of undeveloped eggs (without eyespots) 0.83-0.88
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.18-1.26 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Habitats, variable features, and live coloration of Caridina incolor sp. nov. A surrounding environment of Yaoshui Cave during the dry season B same site during the rainy season C-E variable rostrum and eye size in life F ovigerous female in life." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528353" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5C-F</figureCitation>
|
||
): Body and appendages are colorless and translucent; vestigial pigment present at the center of the cornea or without pigment; internal organs (gonads and hepatopancreas) are yellow; eggs in females brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528353" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitats, variable features, and live coloration of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Feng & Chen & Guo" authorityYear="2021" class="Malacostraca" family="Atyidae" genus="Caridina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridina incolor" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incolor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caridina incolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
|
||
surrounding environment of Yaoshui Cave during the dry season
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">B</emphasis>
|
||
same site during the rainy season
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C-E</emphasis>
|
||
variable rostrum and eye size in life
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">F</emphasis>
|
||
ovigerous female in life.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Feng & Chen & Guo" authorityYear="2021" class="Malacostraca" family="Atyidae" genus="Caridina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridina incolor" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incolor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caridina incolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is named after the colorless and transparent body color.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Feng & Chen & Guo" authorityYear="2021" class="Malacostraca" family="Atyidae" genus="Caridina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridina incolor" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incolor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caridina incolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. might be more closely related to the epigean species than to its supposed cave congeners. It is morphologically similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. guiyangensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="guiyangensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. guiyangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Liang, 2002, from Guiyang, Guizhou Province in the long rostrum and indentation, the shape of endopod of the male first pleopod and appendix masculina. Although no molecular comparison with
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. guiyangensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="guiyangensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. guiyangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could be accomplished,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. incolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="incolor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. incolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. can easily be distinguished from the latter by the reduced eyes, colorless body and appendages (versus developed eyes and pigmentation in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. guiyangensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="guiyangensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. guiyangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); the long stylocerite, reaching to the end of the antennule basal segment (versus reaching 0.85
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of basal segment in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. guiyangensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="guiyangensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. guiyangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); the long penultimate segment of the 3rd maxilliped, which is distinctly longer than the basal segment and distal segment (versus penultimate segment as long as basal segment and distinctly shorter than distal segment in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. guiyangensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="guiyangensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. guiyangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); absence of a projection on the base of the inner margin of male first pleopod endopod (vs. with projection in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. guiyangensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="guiyangensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. guiyangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); and relatively large eggs, size of undeveloped eggs 0.83-0.88
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.18-1.26 mm (versus 0.63-0.75
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.05-1.13 in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. guiyangensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="guiyangensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. guiyangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). In comparison to other cave species within
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Atyidae" genus="Caridina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridina" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caridina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. sinanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="sinanensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. sinanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Xu, Li, Zhang & Guo, 2020, is most similar in sharing the long 6th abdominal segment, and the variably pigmented cornea. However, the new species differs from the latter by possessing a relatively long and slender rostrum which reaches beyond the end of the 3rd antennular peduncle segment (versus stouter, reaching to the end of the 2nd segment in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. sinanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="sinanensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. sinanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); the long stylocerite, reaching to the end of the basal segment of the antennule (versus reaching 0.75-0.88
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of basal segment in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. sinanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="sinanensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. sinanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); and completely different shape of the endopod of the 1st pleopod and appendix masculina of the 2nd pleopod in males (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral view B second pereiopod C third pereiopod D dactylus of third pereiopod E fourth pereiopod F dactylus of fourth pereiopod G fifth pereiopod H dactylus of fifth pereiopod I first male pleopod J second male pleopod K distal margin of telson A-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528352" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4I, J</figureCitation>
|
||
, versus Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Caridina incolor sp. nov. A carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral view B second pereiopod C third pereiopod D dactylus of third pereiopod E fourth pereiopod F dactylus of fourth pereiopod G fifth pereiopod H dactylus of fifth pereiopod I first male pleopod J second male pleopod K distal margin of telson A-K paratype (FU, 2018 - 11 - 27 - 02)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528352" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4H, J, K</figureCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1008.54190" author="Xu, DJ" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="17 - 35" refId="B45" refString="Xu, DJ, Li, DX, Zheng, XZ, Guo, ZL, 2020. Caridina sinanensis, a new species of stygobiotic atyid shrimp (Decapoda, Caridea, Atyidae) from a karst cave in the Guizhou Province, southwestern China. ZooKeys 1008: 17 - 35, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1008.54190" title="Caridina sinanensis, a new species of stygobiotic atyid shrimp (Decapoda, Caridea, Atyidae) from a karst cave in the Guizhou Province, southwestern China." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1008.54190" volume="1008" year="2020">Xu et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).). There are another six atyids,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Liang, Chen & W.-X.Li" authorityYear="2005" class="Malacostraca" family="Atyidae" genus="Caridina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridina acuta" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acuta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caridina acuta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. caverna" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="caverna">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. caverna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. demenica" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="demenica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. demenica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. jiangkou" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="jiangkou">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. jiangkou</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. sinanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="sinanensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. sinanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Liang, Chen & W.-X.Li" authorityYear="2005" class="Malacostraca" family="Atyidae" genus="Neocaridina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neocaridina brevidactyla" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevidactyla">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Neocaridina brevidactyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, that have been reported from nearby caves from Guizhou Province.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Feng & Chen & Guo" authorityYear="2021" class="Malacostraca" family="Atyidae" genus="Caridina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridina incolor" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incolor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caridina incolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. brevidactyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="brevidactyla">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">N. brevidactyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the completely different shape of the endopod of 1st pleopod and appendix masculina of the 2nd pleopod in males; lack of a hook-like projection on the posterior part of coxa of the 2nd pereiopod and a pterygostomian spine.
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. incolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="incolor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. incolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. differs from all other cave species in having a long rostrum and stylocerite (with the longest rostrum and stylocerite amongst all known seven cave atyids); slender sixth abdominal segment which is distinctly longer than the telson (only
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. sinanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="sinanensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. sinanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a slender sixth abdominal segment that is slightly longer than the telson, other cave species have a stout sixth abdominal segment which is distinctly shorter than the telson); and an appendix masculina that is unique in shape and gradually tapers into a triangular tip. These taxa can be separated from each other by morphological differences as discussed in
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1008.54190" author="Xu, DJ" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="17 - 35" refId="B45" refString="Xu, DJ, Li, DX, Zheng, XZ, Guo, ZL, 2020. Caridina sinanensis, a new species of stygobiotic atyid shrimp (Decapoda, Caridea, Atyidae) from a karst cave in the Guizhou Province, southwestern China. ZooKeys 1008: 17 - 35, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1008.54190" title="Caridina sinanensis, a new species of stygobiotic atyid shrimp (Decapoda, Caridea, Atyidae) from a karst cave in the Guizhou Province, southwestern China." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1008.54190" volume="1008" year="2020">Xu et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="molecular phylogenetic results">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Molecular phylogenetic results.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
We analyzed 47 COI sequences in total. Five specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Feng & Chen & Guo" authorityYear="2021" class="Malacostraca" family="Atyidae" genus="Caridina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridina incolor" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incolor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caridina incolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. were used in the molecular phylogenetic analysis shown in Figure
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bayesian inference (BI) tree and maximum likelihood method (ML) tree of 16 atyids and outgroups (Palaemon modestus) based on the COI gene. Support values at the nodes represent posterior probability." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528350" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">2</figureCitation>
|
||
. Specimens assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Feng & Chen & Guo" authorityYear="2021" class="Malacostraca" family="Atyidae" genus="Caridina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridina incolor" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incolor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caridina incolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. formed a clade distinct from other species.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Feng & Chen & Guo" authorityYear="2021" class="Malacostraca" family="Atyidae" genus="Caridina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridina incolor" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incolor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caridina incolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is well distinguished from the other 16 atyids with a sequence divergence of 13.7% - 24.5% (COI). The sequence divergence between
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Feng & Chen & Guo" authorityYear="2021" class="Malacostraca" family="Atyidae" genus="Caridina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridina incolor" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incolor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caridina incolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. sinanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="sinanensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">C. sinanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the closest. The topology of the Bayesian (BI) trees and the ML tree are basically similar. Phylogenetic trees revealed the relationship between
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Feng & Chen & Guo" authorityYear="2021" class="Malacostraca" family="Atyidae" genus="Caridina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridina incolor" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incolor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caridina incolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and 16 other species of atyids, with the posterior probability and bootstrap values from the BI and ML analysis shown in Figures
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bayesian inference (BI) tree and maximum likelihood method (ML) tree of 16 atyids and outgroups (Palaemon modestus) based on the COI gene. Support values at the nodes represent posterior probability." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1028.63822.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/528350" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">2</figureCitation>
|
||
. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2003.0025" author="Hebert, PDN" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Guizhou Normal University (Natural Science Edition)" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B18" refString="Hebert, PDN, Ratnasingham, S, de Waard, JR, 2003. Barcoding animal life: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 divergences among closely related species. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 270 (suppl.1): s96-s99. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2003.0025" title="Barcoding animal life: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 divergences among closely related species. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 270 (suppl. 1): s 96 - s 99." url="https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2003.0025" year="2003">Hebert, Ratnasingham and de Waard 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the genetic distances supports
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Feng & Chen & Guo" authorityYear="2021" class="Malacostraca" family="Atyidae" genus="Caridina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridina incolor" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incolor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caridina incolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. as a new species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Conservation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Threats to cave shrimp are of concern due to the uniqueness of the habitat and increasing anthropogenic activities. Based on the information available, the Yaoshui Cave and its faunas are potentially at risk from excessive levels of external disturbance. Daqikong scenic area is famous for its marvelous primeval forests, steep canyons, spectacular caves, and underground rivers. Over the years, tourism to the region has improved the welfare of local residents and has become a major industry in this area. Moreover, new recreational trails and amusement facilities have been built in the scenic area. It is almost inevitable that these new projects will put great pressure and impact on caves and their faunas. In addition, land development and agriculture lead to habitat degradation and groundwater pollution, which also has a negative impact on the survival of this species.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
So far, no freshwater shrimps are protected by the national legislation. The Announcement of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas of China has failed to categorize the strictly endemic cave species as Endangered (CITES Appendix aquatic wild species of China, no. 69, 2018).
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Feng & Chen & Guo" authorityYear="2021" class="Malacostraca" family="Atyidae" genus="Caridina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridina incolor" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incolor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caridina incolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is new to science and the conservation status remains unassessed. Using the criteria provided by the
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="A faunistic, distrbutional, and ecological synthesis of the world fauna inhabiting subterranean waters (including the marine interstital). E. J. Brill / Dr. W. Backhuys, Leiden" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B23" refString="IUCN, 2019. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" title="Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee." url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2019">IUCN (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
Red List Categories and Criteria (version 14) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="A faunistic, distrbutional, and ecological synthesis of the world fauna inhabiting subterranean waters (including the marine interstital). E. J. Brill / Dr. W. Backhuys, Leiden" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B23" refString="IUCN, 2019. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" title="Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee." url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2019">IUCN (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the new species should be considered as a critically endangered (CR) species on account for its exceptional rarity, restricted distribution, and exposure to serious anthropogenic impacts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
||
The Yaoshui Cave, which is home to two unique and range-restricted species (atyid shrimp,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Feng & Chen & Guo" authorityYear="2021" class="Malacostraca" family="Atyidae" genus="Caridina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridina incolor" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incolor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Caridina incolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., and loach fish,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Deng, Wen, Xiao & Zhou" authorityYear="2016" class="Malacostraca" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oreonectes daqikongensis" order="Mysidacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daqikongensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Oreonectes daqikongensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is biologically significant without question. These strictly-adapted cave species must be considered as important units for conservation, and devising an effective conservation strategy is clearly an urgent priority. It has also become obvious that there is a need to collect more baseline data, such as the exact population size, structure, natality, and mortality rates. Regular monitoring may be necessary to ensure populations are sustained in the face of further anthropogenic disturbances. Equally important, a captive breeding program of these cave species should be developed. In addition, we propose that non-invasive and non-destructive projects, such as eco-tourism, should be promoted. Last but not least, we also appeal to local farmers to lower the usage of agricultural pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers to help reduce the amount of hazardous chemicals that are leeched into the groundwater.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |