224 lines
19 KiB
XML
224 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.90.1121" ID-GBIF-Dataset="20ad46a0-dfc1-47ed-9ede-f4ff4543bb24" ID-PMC="PMC3084491" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-90-35" ID-PubMed="21594106" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-90-35" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 90" ModsDocTitle="New earthworm species of the genus Amynthas Kinberg, 1867 from Thailand (Clitellata, Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae)" checkinTime="1451250492313" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bantaowong, Ueangfa, Chanabun, Ratmanee, Tongkerd, Piyoros, Sutcharit, Chirasak, James, Samuel W. & Panha, Somsak" docDate="2011" docId="AF5DBACAE9E4D33546D5E14892784B76" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 90: 35-62" docOrigin="ZooKeys 90" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.90.1121" docTitle="Amynthas srinan Panha & Bantaowong, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="A434FF93FFA2FF88264EF25951692910" masterDocTitle="New earthworm species of the genus Amynthas Kinberg, 1867 from Thailand (Clitellata, Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae)" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="35" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1668168310634" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New earthworm species of the genus Amynthas Kinberg, 1867 from Thailand (Clitellata, Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bantaowong, Ueangfa</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Chanabun, Ratmanee</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tongkerd, Piyoros</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>James, Samuel W.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>90</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>35</mods:start>
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<mods:end>62</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.90.1121</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.90.1121</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-90-35</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159364902" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C3EC91E6-B29A-4C72-908F-1858DE7F21DA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AF5DBACAE9E4D33546D5E14892784B76" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C3EC91E6-B29A-4C72-908F-1858DE7F21DA" authority="Panha & Bantaowong" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas srinan" order="Opisthopora" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="srinan">Amynthas srinan Panha & Bantaowong</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="8" pageNumber="43">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 15
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" type="description of holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Description of Holotype:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
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Dimensions; 47 mm by 1.8 mm at segment X, 2.3 at segment XX, 2.3 mm at clitellum; body cylindrical with 77 segments. Setae regularly distributed around segmental equators, numbering 36 at VII, 42 at XX, four between mp, setae formula AA:AB:ZZ:ZY= 1.5:1:2:1 at XIII. Single fp at XIV. Prostomium epilobic with tongue open. First dorsal pore at 4/5 or 5/6. Clitellum annular
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<normalizedToken originalValue="XIV–XVI">XIV-XVI</normalizedToken>
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with no setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
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Mp on circular porophores in XVIII, 0.30 circumference apart ventrally; distance between mp 1.5 mm. Genital markings small, postsetal, closely paired near mid ventral
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<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="44" start="start">of</pageBreakToken>
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XVII and XVIII. Sp paired in 7/8 at 6th setal lines, 0.26 circumference apart ventrally; distance between sp 1.5 mm. Genital markings tiny, closely paired on near mid ventral of VII and VIII.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
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Septa 5/6 and 6/7 thick, 7/8 thin, 8/9 and 9/10 absent, 10/11-13/14 thin. Gizzard globular within
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<normalizedToken originalValue="VIII–X">VIII-X</normalizedToken>
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, intestinal origin in XV, no lymph glands observed. Typhlosole small from XXVII. Ic originated from XXVII extending forward to XXIII, long finger-shape. Hearts esophageal in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="X–XIII">X-XIII</normalizedToken>
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. Holandric; testes and funnels in ventrally joined sacs in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="X–XI">X-XI</normalizedToken>
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. Sv paired in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="XI–XII">XI-XII</normalizedToken>
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. Prostates in XVIII, extending between
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<normalizedToken originalValue="XVII–XX">XVII-XX</normalizedToken>
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; prostatic ducts tightly folded twice. Genital marking glands paired in XVII and XVIII corresponding to external genital papillae, each consisting of a stalk with terminal multi-lobed glandular part.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Ovaries in XIII. Sc one pair in VIII; ampulla oval to kidney-shaped, with stout duct shorter than ampulla. Diverticulum with oval bulb terminal, stalk attached to duct near body wall. Genital markings stalked, corresponding to external genital papillae; each gland small consisting of a stalk with terminal multi-lobed glandular part.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="45" start="start">All</pageBreakToken>
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the key morphological characters of the holotype and paratype specimens are given in Table 5.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
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Figure 5. External and internal morphology of holotype (CUMZ 3210) of
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas srinan" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="srinan">Amynthas srinan</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. A External ventral view, B internal dorsal view and C spermatheca, and black arrow indicates the connection of the spermatheca and spermathecal pore.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption ID-Table-UUID="941DBA95F134170E13EB98B0BC8F432D" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/941DBA95F134170E13EB98B0BC8F432D" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
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Table 5. Holotype and Paratype dimension and other morphological characteristics of
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas srinan" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="srinan">Amynthas srinan</taxonomicName>
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Panha & Bantaowong, sp. n.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
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<table pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
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<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
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<th colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" rowspan="2">CharactersTypes</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" rowspan="2">Body length (mm)</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" rowspan="2">Number of segments</th>
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<th colspan="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">Location of genital markings</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" rowspan="2">First dorsal pore</th>
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<th colspan="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">Number of setae</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" rowspan="2">Between male pore</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" rowspan="2">Prostate glands</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" rowspan="2">Intestinal caeca</th>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
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<th colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">preclitellum</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">postclitellum</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">VII</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">XX</th>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="45" type="variation">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Variation:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
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The holotype measures 47 mm body length with 77 segments and the first dorsal pore located at 5/6; the twenty eight paratypes range in size between 35-47 mm (39.75
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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4.27 mm) body length with 52-78 segments, and first dorsal pore at 4/5 (8 samples) or 5/6 (20 samples) (Table 5).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="45" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Type locality:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
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Srinan National Park, Nan province, Thailand,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="18.369751">18°22'11.1"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.83978">100°50'23.2"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 607 meters elevation (30th September 2010).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="45" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Etymology:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="45">This species was named after the type locality Srinan National Park.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="45" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Type material:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="45">The holotype (CUMZ 3210) and 25 paratypes (CUMZ 3211) are deposited in Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology. Another five paratypes will be deposited in the Biozentrum Grindel und Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg, Germany (UHH), and four paratypes in the Natural History Museum, London (NHM).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="45" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Habitat:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Found in the top soil at about 10 cm depth, the soil surface covered with leaf litters of deciduous forest. The soil was carefully dug close to the castes.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="45" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Diagnosis:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas srinan" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="srinan">Amynthas srinan</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is the smallest
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Amynthas</taxonomicName>
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ever collected in Thailand. Male pores on distinct round porophores, genital markings paired near mid ventral of VII, VIII, XVII and XVIII; each with genital marking glands. Each spermathecae consists of a kidney-shaped ampulla and an oval shaped diverticulum. Testes sacs ventrally joined, intestinal origin XV, intestinal caeca simple, first dorsal pores at 4/5 or 5/6.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="45" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Remarks:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas srinan" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="srinan">Amynthas srinan</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., along with
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas exiguus subsp. exiguus" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="subSpecies" species="exiguus" subSpecies="exiguus">Amynthas exiguus exiguus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas tontong" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tontong">Amynthas tontong</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., is one of if not the smallest
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Amynthas</taxonomicName>
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recorded so far. It has external characteristics which are easily seen in both newly collected and preserved materials. Compared with the two other closely related species from Laos,
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas chandyi" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chandyi">Amynthas chandyi</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas namphouinensis" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="namphouinensis">Amynthas namphouinensis</taxonomicName>
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, which belong in the same zebrus-group,
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas chandyi" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chandyi">Amynthas chandyi</taxonomicName>
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is very similar in appearance to
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas srinan" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="srinan">Amynthas srinan</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. However, they clearly differ in certain specific details of their significant characters, such as the distance between the mp which in
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas srinan" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="srinan">Amynthas srinan</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is 1.5 mm for holotype and ranged from 1.5-2.0 mm (1.41
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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4.27 mm), while in
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas chandyi" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chandyi">Amynthas chandyi</taxonomicName>
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this ranged from 1.5-2.4 mm. The distance between the male pores as a fraction of the estimated circumference of the 18th segment is 0.24-0.30 in
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas srinan" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="srinan">Amynthas srinan</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., and 0.14-0.32 in
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas chandyi" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chandyi">Amynthas chandyi</taxonomicName>
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. This is not convincing as a diagnostic difference, because there is significant overlap with the highly variable
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas chandyi" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chandyi">Amynthas chandyi</taxonomicName>
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. In addition, although genital markings are clearly observed in both
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas chandyi" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chandyi">Amynthas chandyi</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas srinan" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="srinan">Amynthas srinan</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. on the sc and mp areas,
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas srinan" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="srinan">Amynthas srinan</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. has a much larger number and different arrangement of such markings. The distance between pairs of sp is quite similar, being 1.5-2.0 mm (1.34
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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2.31mm) in
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas srinan" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="srinan">Amynthas srinan</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. and 1.2-1.5 mm in
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas chandyi" order="Opisthopora" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chandyi">Amynthas chandyi</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |