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<document id="43069F72D4E0C2A39F2A32C4110D2FF0" ID-CLB-Dataset="6254" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b60c12cf-1c90-462e-87f7-85fa52dcadfe" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4766870" ID-ZooBank="C869F4AD-CCAD-4EEC-8246-27D5EB9F9944" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1621233550415" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Volynkin, Anton V." docDate="2021" docId="9A75651A47004064FF61F8F9A50BE7DB" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4970.3.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4970 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Bizone phaedra" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="559" masterDocId="664C1D6247004065FFF6FF84A035E23F" masterDocTitle="A review of the Cyana phaedra (Leech, 1889) species-group, with description of a new species from China (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini)" masterLastPageNumber="568" masterPageNumber="558" pageNumber="558" updateTime="1698939936926" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="64D9CF7820C63C8C0DD504F4D3A7617B">A review of the Cyana phaedra (Leech, 1889) species-group, with description of a new species from China (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="9A75651A47004064FF61F8F9A50BE7DB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4912537" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182632222" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4912537" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9A75651A47004064FF61F8F9A50BE7DB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9A75651A47004064FF61F8F9A50BE7DB" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="559" pageId="0" pageNumber="558">
<subSubSection id="5AC6878747004065FF61F8F9A232E5A9" box="[151,519,1916,1943]" pageId="0" pageNumber="558" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1263D40C47004065FF61F8F9A232E5A9" blockId="0.[151,519,1916,1943]" box="[151,519,1916,1943]" pageId="0" pageNumber="558">
<heading id="492B636047004065FF61F8F9A232E5A9" bold="true" box="[151,519,1916,1943]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="558" reason="1">
<emphasis id="20A8081E47004065FF61F8F9A232E5A9" bold="true" box="[151,519,1916,1943]" pageId="0" pageNumber="558">
The
<taxonomicName id="D5DCAF8F47004065FF39F8F8A160E5A8" ID-CoL="BHL3V" authority="(Leech, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Leech" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[207,341,1916,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Bizone" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="558" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phaedra">
<emphasis id="20A8081E47004065FF39F8F8A160E5A8" bold="true" box="[207,341,1916,1943]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="558">C. phaedra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5AC6878747004064FF61F840A46AE7FF" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="559" pageId="0" pageNumber="558" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="1263D40C47004064FF61F840A264E3CB" blockId="0.[151,1436,1988,2015]" lastBlockId="1.[151,1437,150,1509]" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="559" pageId="0" pageNumber="558">
<emphasis id="20A8081E47004065FF61F840A13FE5E1" bold="true" box="[151,266,1988,2014]" pageId="0" pageNumber="558">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. The species of the group (
<figureCitation id="8AE7C88947004065FDC1F841A29DE5E0" box="[567,680,1989,2015]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–8" captionStart-1="FIGURES 9–16" captionStartId-0="2.[151,264,1944,1968]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,264,1876,1900]" captionTargetBox-0="[181,1406,182,1909]" captionTargetBox-1="[179,1409,182,1835]" captionTargetId-0="figure-16@2.[162,1426,181,1920]" captionTargetId-1="figure-31@3.[162,1426,181,1852]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–8. Cyana spp., adults. Depositories of specimens: 1 and 8 in ZFMK; 2, 5 and 6 in NHMUK (© The trustees of NHMUK); 3, 4 and 7 in MWM/ZSM." captionText-1="FIGURES 9–16. Cyana spp., adults. Depositories of specimens: 9 and 12 in NHMUK (© The trustees of NHMUK); 10, 11, 14–16 in MWM/ZSM; 13 in ZFMK." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766872" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766874" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4766872/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4766874/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="558">Figs 1–14</figureCitation>
) are reminiscent superficially of certain members of the
<taxonomicName id="D5DCAF8F47004064FAE9F841A103E28F" authority="(Elwes, 1890)" baseAuthorityName="Elwes" baseAuthorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Cyana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="559" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="558" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dohertyi">
<emphasis id="20A8081E47004065FAE9F841A5A9E5E0" box="[1311,1436,1989,2015]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="558">C. dohertyi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="764DA9FD47014064FF69FF12A118E28F" author="Elwes, H. J." box="[159,301,150,176]" pageId="1" pageNumber="559" pagination="378 - 401" refId="ref5231" refString="Elwes, H. J. (1890) On some new moths from India. Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London, 1890, 378 - 401, pls. 32 - 34." type="journal article" year="1890">Elwes, 1890</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
species-group, especially the Taiwanese
<taxonomicName id="D5DCAF8F47014064FCFEFF13A45AE28F" authority="(Hampson, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Hampson" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[776,1135,150,177]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Cyana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosana">
<emphasis id="20A8081E47014064FCFEFF13A397E28F" box="[776,930,150,177]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">C. formosana</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="764DA9FD47014064FC44FF12A452E28F" author="Hampson, G. F." box="[946,1127,150,176]" pageId="1" pageNumber="559" pagination="344 - 388" refId="ref5350" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1909) Descriptions of new genera and species of Syntomidae, Arctiadae, Agaristidae and Noctuiidae. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 4 (22), 344 - 388. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930908692682" type="journal article" year="1909">Hampson, 1909</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="8AE7C88947014064FB89FF12A537E28E" box="[1151,1282,150,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–16" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1876,1900]" captionTargetBox="[179,1409,182,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-31@3.[162,1426,181,1852]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 9–16. Cyana spp., adults. Depositories of specimens: 9 and 12 in NHMUK (© The trustees of NHMUK); 10, 11, 14–16 in MWM/ZSM; 13 in ZFMK." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766874" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766874/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">Figs 15, 16</figureCitation>
) from which, however, they can easily be distinguished by the conspicuously narrower posterior half of the subbasal area of the forewing. Additionally, males of the
<taxonomicName id="D5DCAF8F47014064FD97FF5BA2D5E2C7" authorityName="Leech" authorityYear="1889" box="[609,736,222,249]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Bizone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phaedra">
<emphasis id="20A8081E47014064FD97FF5BA2D5E2C7" box="[609,736,222,249]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">C. phaedra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group differ from
<taxonomicName id="D5DCAF8F47014064FBE6FF5BA49CE2C7" baseAuthorityName="Hampson" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[1040,1193,222,249]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Cyana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosana">
<emphasis id="20A8081E47014064FBE6FF5BA49CE2C7" box="[1040,1193,222,249]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">C. formosana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the weakly ciliate antenna (it is bipectinate in
<taxonomicName id="D5DCAF8F47014064FE39FE87A25CE323" baseAuthorityName="Hampson" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[463,617,258,285]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Cyana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosana">
<emphasis id="20A8081E47014064FE39FE87A25CE323" box="[463,617,258,285]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">C. formosana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and the lack of a subcostal red dash which is present in
<taxonomicName id="D5DCAF8F47014064FB05FE87A5B9E323" baseAuthorityName="Hampson" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[1267,1420,258,285]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Cyana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosana">
<emphasis id="20A8081E47014064FB05FE87A5B9E323" box="[1267,1420,258,285]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">C. formosana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The male genital capsules of the two species-groups are very similar and the differences are found in the vesica structure. In the
<taxonomicName id="D5DCAF8F47014064FEBDFECFA1FDE35B" authorityName="Leech" authorityYear="1889" box="[331,456,330,357]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Bizone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phaedra">
<emphasis id="20A8081E47014064FEBDFECFA1FDE35B" box="[331,456,330,357]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">C. phaedra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group (
<figureCitation id="8AE7C88947014064FD81FECEA2CDE35B" box="[631,760,330,356]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 17–20" captionStart-1="FIGURES 21–24" captionStartId-0="4.[151,264,1932,1956]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,264,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox-0="[169,1435,192,1899]" captionTargetBox-1="[161,1434,181,1899]" captionTargetId-0="figure-16@4.[151,1435,181,1908]" captionTargetId-1="figure-31@5.[151,1435,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="FIGURES 17–20. Cyana spp., male genitalia. Depositories of specimens: 17, 18 and 20 in MWM/ZSM; 19 in NHMUK (© The trustees of NHMUK)." captionText-1="FIGURES 21–24. Cyana spp., male genitalia. Depositories of specimens: 21 and 22 in MWM/ZSM; 23 in ZFMK; 24 in CKC." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766876" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766878" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4766876/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4766878/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">Figs 17–23</figureCitation>
), the vesica has short but narrow diverticula bearing elongate and narrow clusters of spine-like cornuti, whereas the vesica of the
<taxonomicName id="D5DCAF8F47014064FC7CFEEBA43DE3B7" baseAuthorityName="Elwes" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[906,1032,366,393]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Cyana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dohertyi">
<emphasis id="20A8081E47014064FC7CFEEBA43DE3B7" box="[906,1032,366,393]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">C. dohertyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group has broad diverticula bearing wide clusters of spine-like cornuti (
<figureCitation id="8AE7C88947014064FD88FE16A2E7E393" box="[638,722,402,428]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–24" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[161,1434,181,1899]" captionTargetId="figure-31@5.[151,1435,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 21–24. Cyana spp., male genitalia. Depositories of specimens: 21 and 22 in MWM/ZSM; 23 in ZFMK; 24 in CKC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766878/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
). The female genitalia of the species-group are characterized by the presence of a dentation in the basal sclerotized section of the appendix bursae (
<figureCitation id="8AE7C88947014064FBCDFE32A488E3EE" box="[1083,1213,438,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–28" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1927,1951]" captionTargetBox="[158,1423,195,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-16@6.[151,1436,181,1903]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 25–28. Cyana spp., female genitalia. Depositories of specimens: 25 and 26 in MWM/ZSM; 27 in NHMUK (© The trustees of NHMUK); 28 in CKC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766880" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766880/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">Figs 25–27</figureCitation>
), which is absent in the
<taxonomicName id="D5DCAF8F47014064FF36FE5FA10BE3CB" baseAuthorityName="Elwes" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[192,318,474,501]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Cyana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="559" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dohertyi">
<emphasis id="20A8081E47014064FF36FE5FA10BE3CB" box="[192,318,474,501]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">C. dohertyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group (
<figureCitation id="8AE7C88947014064FE06FE5EA270E3CB" box="[496,581,474,500]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–28" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1927,1951]" captionTargetBox="[158,1423,195,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-16@6.[151,1436,181,1903]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 25–28. Cyana spp., female genitalia. Depositories of specimens: 25 and 26 in MWM/ZSM; 27 in NHMUK (© The trustees of NHMUK); 28 in CKC." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766880" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766880/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1263D40C47014064FF31FE7AA0D9E107" blockId="1.[151,1437,150,1509]" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">
<emphasis id="20A8081E47014064FF31FE7AA18FE027" bold="true" box="[199,442,510,536]" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">Morphology. Adults</emphasis>
. Medium-sized moths with forewing length
<quantity id="D52479E947014064FC32FE7AA474E026" box="[964,1089,510,537]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="559" unit="mm" value="18.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="17.0">17–20 mm</quantity>
in males and 18–21.5 mm in females. Sexual dimorphism moderate: besides presence of forewing androconial lobes on underside of forewing, males are smaller in size, have narrower forewing, narrower red pattern elements of forewing, and different configuration of black spots on forewing comparing to females. Antennae ciliate in both sexes. Head white. Thorax white, with red or orange tegulae and patagia. Abdomen white with strong pale red or orange suffusion. Forewing ground color white. Pattern consists of red or orange transverse lines and black round spots. Subbasal and antemedial lines sinuous, connected to each other medially and at wing margins. Postmedial line zigzagged. Subterminal area with strongly sinuous inner margin. Cilia white. Hindwing pale red or pale apricot orange. Discal spot semilunar, grey, diffuse.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1263D40C47014064FF31FCC6A46AE7FF" blockId="1.[151,1437,150,1509]" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">
Distal part of cell with three large black discal spots. Cilia white. Hindwing from white to pale reddish; discal spot semilunar, poorly visible; cilia as ground color.
<emphasis id="20A8081E47014064FCD0FCE2A3E6E1BF" bold="true" box="[806,979,870,896]" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">Male genitalia</emphasis>
. Uncus dorso-ventrally flattened, short, narrowly triangular with pointed tip, basally fused with tuba analis. Tuba analis broad; scaphium thin and weak, subscaphium broad and setose. Tegumen of moderate length, with thin arms fused in posterior third. Vinculum short, moderately sclerotized, with wide U-shaped saccus. Juxta trapezoidal, with weakly sclerotized medial part encircled with inverted U-shaped ventral crest. Valva lobe-like, with dorsal margin strongly concave in basal third, distally tapered and apically rounded. Sacculus wide, with convex dorsal margin; distal saccular process elongate, curved dorsally, with thorn-like tip. Ventral plate of costa heavily sclerotized, with narrow crest. Aedeagus wide, with short coecum. Dorsal and ventral diverticula elongate and bearing elongate and narrow clusters of numerous spine-like cornuti. Medial diverticulum small and globular, granulated. Distal diverticulum small, globular, membranous. In certain species additional medial diverticulum armed with cluster of spines present. Vesica ejaculatorius distally projected.
<emphasis id="20A8081E47014064FE91FB4AA219E6D7" bold="true" box="[359,556,1230,1256]" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">Female genitalia</emphasis>
. Ovipositor short and broad. Papillae anales rectangular with rounded corners. Apophyses elongate and thin, apophyses posteriores longer than apophyses anteriores. Ostium bursae wide. Ductus bursae elongate, tubular, membranous, its subostial section bowl-like dilated. Posterior section of corpus bursae narrow, gelatinous. Anterior section of corpus bursae drop-shaped with short lateral projection, membranous, bearing rounded and weakly dentate signum bursae. Appendix bursae larger than corpus bursae, originates from posterior section of corpus bursae and projected anteriorly. Its basal section narrow, sclerotized, wrinkled and covered with numerous tiny denticles. Distal part of appendix bursae strongly dilated, membranous.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5AC6878747014064FF31FA4EA50BE7DB" box="[199,1342,1482,1509]" pageId="1" pageNumber="559" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="1263D40C47014064FF31FA4EA50BE7DB" blockId="1.[151,1437,150,1509]" box="[199,1342,1482,1509]" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">
<emphasis id="20A8081E47014064FF31FA4EA16CE7DB" bold="true" box="[199,345,1482,1508]" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">Distribution</emphasis>
. Species of the species-group are known from central, southwestern and southern
<collectingCountry id="6ACB949C47014064FB02FA4EA50EE7DB" box="[1268,1339,1482,1508]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="559">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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