164 lines
18 KiB
XML
164 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="BA59E310D57127C363F2B6FCE8525E29" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3860.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ceb30f74-c770-4952-859a-9d3a84a5e087" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="287059" ID-ZooBank="FDFD1014-8DDA-4EED-A385-95FA4F964CFC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460903466920" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Eguchi, Katsuyuki, Viet, Bui Tuan & Yamane, Seiki" docDate="2014" docId="03F8878BFFA0FFF5F5EAFF6846A2F99C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03860p046.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3860 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hypoponera Santschi 1938" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="FFC1FFF3FF81FFD4F57DFFFF445AFFC9" masterDocTitle="Generic Synopsis of the Formicidae of Vietnam (Insecta: Hymenoptera), Part II — Cerapachyinae, Aenictinae, Dorylinae, Leptanillinae, Amblyoponinae, Ponerinae, Ectatomminae and Proceratiinae" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1698360472837" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="CA91B025C596BC5A6082CE953B409C1B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="2C7B9CDAABCA3AD36FCE5C274B7BBCB6">
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<mods:title id="D002C7B7A3840CBFDD718D257926E761">Generic Synopsis of the Formicidae of Vietnam (Insecta: Hymenoptera), Part II — Cerapachyinae, Aenictinae, Dorylinae, Leptanillinae, Amblyoponinae, Ponerinae, Ectatomminae and Proceratiinae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="166F52AC77658A4018450554011F6F3B" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="31970C8EA839FB0AB68646AA672C19AB">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5A927E46D49AC34A10BF8485BF7E556A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="FCD7B2F88D6B740861DE3A751E70CF87">Eguchi, Katsuyuki</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="0F94068222C824B60C0ED739A8B62666" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="5C9782061C2FB1FF3B278CC1195BD4C8">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6134D280DDDB3C029ED4DE39163DD146">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="CADFB18B74BE84975FD0D58556F6C8E2">Viet, Bui Tuan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="4E88ACC9A17F9C40C4BEE1A9754D4D86" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="BED994AC0264A2E73490400439AECBA6">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D2E17F7DAB153F93658B7A5C59439C51">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="03E239EB90A6D8A59138F423E6961364">Yamane, Seiki</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="463A3280EF4B845476F3B96E28F9FBB7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="0244B4AF1877F6D4985AA71E0C0E8CC2">
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<mods:title id="A548AC890D8CF5723C604C6F26E8E9FF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="9900F919029858C8455671F0FD1FED72">
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<mods:date id="CFBE416FE78E81ACA133205A5509B491">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="29EDF1388A1B9759FC10E71525FF879F" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="85152E387BA15806EE89846C94695986">3860</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="A2D0CD32C244A0D2F4710D0BEAD895B7" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="3AE8D210BBC8ED0838D0E79A59953A3E">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="FBE1A3A34A680AF18B7D329638A43092">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="A87F1E43A86BBB0A938A3BDB70606826">46</mods:end>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification id="4A5003CB43DED8DC4D33718553A022B1">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="051EB77488FF004FAB2D73F6B6C3A5A8" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3860.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="13D34DBCD142451232348F70715C8861" type="GBIF-Dataset">ceb30f74-c770-4952-859a-9d3a84a5e087</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2BF2F7509231D26C9A7EF093537CDC2A" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="23138DB33964E381FA311C87C1C902A2" type="Zenodo-Dep">287059</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03F8878BFFA0FFF5F5EAFF6846A2F99C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6124703" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127669759" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6124703" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F8878BFFA0FFF5F5EAFF6846A2F99C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F8878BFFA0FFF5F5EAFF6846A2F99C" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<subSubSection id="C34B6516FFA0FFF5F5EAFF6846A2F99C" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA0FFF5F5EAFF6845B2FF7B" blockId="33.[151,488,151,178]" box="[151,488,151,178]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<heading id="D0A681F1FFA0FFF5F5EAFF6845B2FF7B" bold="true" box="[151,488,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA0FFF5F5EAFF6845B2FF7B" ID-CoL="52V8" authority="Santschi, 1938" authorityName="Santschi" authorityYear="1938" box="[151,488,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F5EAFF6845B2FF7B" bold="true" box="[151,488,151,178]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F5EAFF684577FF78" bold="true" box="[151,301,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Hypoponera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B6CFFA0FFF5F449FF6745B2FF7B" author="Santschi" box="[308,488,152,178]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refString="Santschi, F. (1938) Notes sur quelques Ponera. Bulletin dela Societe Entomologique de France, 43, 78 - 80." type="journal article" year="1938">Santschi, 1938</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA0FFF5F5EAFF214061FF3E" blockId="33.[151,1437,222,1111]" box="[151,1083,222,247]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F5EAFF214540FF3E" bold="true" box="[151,282,222,247]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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The genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA0FFF5F4E6FF20467DFF3F" box="[411,551,223,246]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F4E6FF20467DFF3F" box="[411,551,223,246]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Hypoponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is assigned to the tribe
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA0FFF5F652FF21406DFF3E" authority="(Bolton 2003)" baseAuthorityName="Bolton" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[815,1079,222,247]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ponerini">
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Ponerini (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B6CFFA0FFF5F6E0FF214075FF3E" author="Bolton" box="[925,1071,222,247]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refString="Bolton, B. (2003) Synopsis and classification of Formicidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 71, 1 - 370." type="journal article" year="2003">Bolton 2003</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA0FFF5F5BAFEFD41C7FED2" blockId="33.[151,1437,222,1111]" box="[199,1437,258,283]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F5BAFEFD453AFED2" bold="true" box="[199,352,258,283]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Morphology.</emphasis>
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Workers of Vietnamese species have the following features (see also
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B6CFFA0FFF5F117FEFD41CAFED2" author="Schmidt" box="[1130,1424,258,283]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refString="Schmidt, C. A. & Shattuck, S. O. (2014) The higher classification of the ant subfamily Ponerinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a review of ponerine ecology and behavior. Zootaxa, 3817 (1), 1 - 242. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3817.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Schmidt & Shattuck 2014</bibRefCitation>
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):
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA0FFF5F5BAFED94037FC92" blockId="33.[151,1437,222,1111]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Worker monomorphic; head in full-face view subrectangular; frontal lobes horizontal, separated from each other by a longitudinal sulcus; antennal scrobe absent; anteromedian margin of clypeus convex; mandible elongatetriangular; its distinct apical tooth followed by a series of small teeth or serration on masticatory margin; basal portion of mandible without a distinct circular or near-circular pit or fovea dorsolaterally; antenna 12-segmented, gradually incrassate from segments III to XII; eye present, but often reduced, consisting of a single or a few ommatidia; eye located on the side of head close to the mandibular insertion; dorsal outline of mesosoma in lateral view continuous and straight, or interrupted between pronotum, mesonotum and propodeum; promesonotal suture completely separating pronotum from mesonotum; mesopleuron distinctly to faintly demarcated from mesonotum by a suture, and distinctly from metapleuron by a suture and/or groove; metanotal groove usually distinct dorsally; propodeum unarmed; orifice of propodeal spiracle round to elliptical; propodeal lobe absent; outer surface of middle tibia with fine normal pilosity only; apicoventral part of foretibia always without a simple spur behind a large pectinate spur; apicoventral part of mid and hind tibiae with a single pectinate spur; petiole without anterior peduncle; petiolar node squamiforem in lateral view high; subpetiolar process developed well as a lobe, anteriorly without a conspicuous round depression, posteroventrally without a pair of angles; girdling constriction between abdominal segments III and IV relatively distinct; abdominal sternite III with an anteroventral U-shaped ridge below helcium or a distinct anteroventral flange beneath helcium; sting well developed.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA0FFF5F5BAFC994712FB9E" blockId="33.[151,1437,222,1111]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F5BAFC994525FCB6" bold="true" box="[199,383,870,895]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Differentiation.</emphasis>
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The worker of
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA0FFF5F73DFC984696FCB7" box="[576,716,871,894]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F73DFC984696FCB7" box="[576,716,871,894]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Hypoponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is in general appearance most similar to that of
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA0FFF5F068FC984132FCB7" box="[1301,1384,871,894]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F068FC984132FCB7" box="[1301,1384,871,894]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA0FFF5F5EAFC744541FC6B" box="[151,283,907,930]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cryptopone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F5EAFC744541FC6B" box="[151,283,907,930]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Cryptopone</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. In the worker of
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA0FFF5F480FC74460AFC6B" box="[509,592,907,930]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F480FC74460AFC6B" box="[509,592,907,930]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, however, the subpetiolar process in lateral view has an anterior round depression (fenestra) and a pair of posteroventral acute angles. In the worker of
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA0FFF5F14DFC5040EEFC0F" box="[1072,1204,943,966]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cryptopone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F14DFC5040EEFC0F" box="[1072,1204,943,966]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Cryptopone</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the basal portion of mandible has a distinct circular fovea or elongate depression dorsolaterally, and the dorsal (outer) surface of middle tibia bears thickened peg-like setae among background pilosity. The worker of some large species are somewhat similar to that of
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA0FFF5F424FBE445A3FBFA" box="[345,505,1051,1075]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F424FBE445A3FBFA" box="[345,505,1051,1075]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Brachyponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but in the latter the apicoventral part of hind tibia has two spurs (a large pectinate spur and a smaller, simple spur in front of the pectinate spur).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA0FFF5F5BAFB804644FB51" blockId="33.[199,542,1151,1176]" box="[199,542,1151,1176]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F5BAFB804644FB51" bold="true" box="[199,542,1151,1176]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Vietnamese species (10 spp.).</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA0FFF5F5BAFB3D4676FA9B" blockId="33.[199,1057,1217,1515]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA0FFF5F5BAFB3D4657FB1E" authority="Donishorpe, 1947" authorityName="Donishorpe" authorityYear="1947" box="[199,525,1217,1239]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestrii">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F5BAFB3D4567FB1E" box="[199,317,1217,1239]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H. silvestrii</emphasis>
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(Donishorpe, 1947)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54EA883FFFA0FFF5F76BFB3D4612FB1E" box="[534,584,1218,1239]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Type</typeStatus>
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locality: Yen Bay,
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<collectingCountry id="F346760DFFA0FFF5F677FB3E470BFB1E" box="[778,849,1217,1239]" name="Vietnam" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Tonkin</collectingCountry>
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[northern
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<collectingCountry id="F346760DFFA0FFF5F6C1FB3E4042FB1E" box="[956,1048,1217,1239]" name="Vietnam" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
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].
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F5BAFB1E44BAFB3F" box="[199,224,1249,1270]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H.</emphasis>
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sp. eg-1 (Ba Vi, Cuc Phuong, Pu Mat, Tam Dao, Tay Yen Tu, Van Ban).
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F5BAFAFF44BAFADC" box="[199,224,1280,1301]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H.</emphasis>
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sp. eg-2 (Sa Pa, Tam Dao, Tay Yen Tu).
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F5BAFAE144BAFAFA" box="[199,224,1310,1331]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H.</emphasis>
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sp. eg-3 (Ba Be, Cat Tien, Pu Mat, Tay Yen Tu, Van Ban).
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F5BAFAC244BAFA9B" box="[199,224,1341,1362]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H.</emphasis>
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sp. eg-4 (Tay Yen Tu, Van Ban).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA0FFF5F5BAFAA44593FAB9" blockId="33.[199,1057,1217,1515]" box="[199,457,1370,1392]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F5BAFAA444BAFAB9" box="[199,224,1371,1392]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H.</emphasis>
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sp. eg-5 (Tay Yen Tu).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA0FFF5F5BAFA8545F1FA46" blockId="33.[199,1057,1217,1515]" box="[199,427,1401,1423]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F5BAFA8544BAFA46" box="[199,224,1402,1423]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H.</emphasis>
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sp. eg-6 (Cat Tien).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA0FFF5F5BAFA6645F1FA67" blockId="33.[199,1057,1217,1515]" box="[199,427,1432,1454]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F5BAFA6644BAFA67" box="[199,224,1433,1454]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H.</emphasis>
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sp. eg-7 (Van Ban).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA0FFF5F5BAFA4745F1FA05" blockId="33.[199,1057,1217,1515]" box="[199,427,1462,1485]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F5BAFA4744BAFA04" box="[199,224,1464,1485]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H.</emphasis>
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sp. eg-8 (Cat Tien).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA0FFF5F5BAFA2945C4FA22" blockId="33.[199,1057,1217,1515]" box="[199,414,1493,1515]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F5BAFA2944BAFA22" box="[199,224,1494,1515]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H.</emphasis>
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sp. eg-9 (Pu Mat).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE369DFFA0FFF5F5BAF9E846A2F99C" blockId="33.[151,1436,1559,1621]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F5BAF9E84510F9F9" bold="true" box="[199,330,1559,1584]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Bionomics.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D1EFFA0FFF5F42FF9E64584F9F9" box="[338,478,1561,1584]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EA8FFFA0FFF5F42FF9E64584F9F9" box="[338,478,1561,1584]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Hypoponera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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spp. usually occur in well-developed forests and other wooded habitats. They nest in rotting logs and wood fragments, and in litter and soil.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |