158 lines
20 KiB
XML
158 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="6FA41423EF429092CC8580D19E310C4A" ID-DOI="10.5252/z2011n3a3" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4546941" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1613603788907" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Gómez, José Francisco, Nieves-Aldrey, José Luis, Nieves, María Hernández & Stone, Graham Nicholas" docDate="2011" docId="03E487A7AF5C276407DEFD3868FCFCF5" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.33.3.287-323.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 33 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n3a3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EB3C2C73672D2E883259A050BD27978B.6:Zoosystema.2011-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="EB3C2C73672D2E883259A050BD27978B" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2011-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Eurytoma mayri Ashmead 1887" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="311" masterDocId="FFDDFFDFAF4B277C0523FFCB691BFFD8" masterDocTitle="Comparative morphology and biology of terminalinstar larvae of some Eurytoma (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae) species parasitoids of gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) in western Europe" masterLastPageNumber="323" masterPageNumber="287" pageNumber="310" updateTime="1698873130332" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="D8E0C4EBFCC3450B6FEA34122AC99266" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="FE9CB8D5039D95F7F1A12638933B0044">
|
||
<mods:title id="9DAF6B7BA9796233517E1A20F1D4EAD9">Comparative morphology and biology of terminalinstar larvae of some Eurytoma (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae) species parasitoids of gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) in western Europe</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="8327B8A3DB822D9D9EE5E8670D92DD37" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="CA836988770C4D38121A9D3AF07BC97E">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="77A8CE231C6CB1E18A985F18D4335489">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="B5E912EC1F6ACAE6C646151FF3C278BE">Gómez, José Francisco</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="249FD1D4D9CA121D78C135D9F6CC58B2">Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (UCM), Departamento de Zoología y Antropología Física, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid (Spain) jf. gomez @ bio. ucm. es</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="611EB383DDEFB3376529A19A37AEBE9D" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="6D17D416A888687DC005EDDB1B43B1C7">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="A7AF04D879BF172B6A48112B0E3CBF65">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="CEC7F2CFEF75EE16097FF1A681571091">Nieves-Aldrey, José Luis</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="E55AAFFBD36CC95F9CB1F2036AE42B5C" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="EAE21BB251736645F0863BAD6951491C">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="07192C7772F7827240A32E739FBC8079">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="2CA32C284E855A4C676F10CCCAC99DD6">Nieves, María Hernández</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="3C648D72D3261A21389FD5B7D9236923">Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, c / José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid (Spain) aldrey @ mncn. csic. es</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="628B1FDE78A7BE3B06398FA98880442A" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="BDA90DE867258E33DAF8F227250380ED">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="5F4C3EF6D980D814A83815EF8E4F8BA1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="5CF66D159784D01E80D48DCD12B0085C">Stone, Graham Nicholas</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="F7727CE065EA823AFDA9BC808627508A">Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, School of Biological Sciences, The King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH 9 3 JT (United Kingdom) graham. stone @ ed. ac. uk</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D5D66BF63388927A1398465B384A50AF" type="email">stone@ed.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="F0B778D19C482224F6426B751129A320">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="1163FCFB13C88F331DD8118F2AC7E8A6" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="B816D0E3AAB1EC4B29B54717B1CECC3C">
|
||
<mods:title id="D390F6D5EB29FF7D24AB12EAB580D359">Zoosystema</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="F382B8D6B9F54E69A32276ABD4241882">
|
||
<mods:date id="869F5B6983273E914E80A3DF5E5A5204">2011</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="446305773A7098F2B47F862CA122131B" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="19D183E9E073D02C9C5BEF56838309E5">2011-09-30</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="CFBA1DA84FB140D6B6FDE3E68A0F18EA" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="284AC3110CE743CD3A95C19A9FC28F12">33</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="60FD8212B7FA5286DD503AF6B8F66D4E" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="DD244E8583CCADC3ADFF6DAC825B9D5D">3</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="3CA9DC73CC8EEF397CFAABA8D33C3960" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="49BC80577D75AEF0E286E8F587848834">287</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="F786C79677DAED7E738422C7BB391EBB">323</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="232DC1AF9730445E60447E641E73AA8D">
|
||
<mods:url id="E79FC0ED3E67F6088CA950BE3DF646C4">http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n3a3</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="1C09AF949485D78B2C0AB9E52A00DFCC">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="03EEF4CEB7ADB5C60E7801AFD9F11778" type="DOI">10.5252/z2011n3a3</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="4F364ADF36CE488718576D4608D44EB8" type="ISSN">1638-9387</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="47BBD65813B0FE38D06BD7630BFCF6BE" type="Zenodo-Dep">4546941</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03E487A7AF5C276407DEFD3868FCFCF5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487A7AF5C276407DEFD3868FCFCF5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E487A7AF5C276407DEFD3868FCFCF5" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="311" pageId="23" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357653AAF5C276B07DEFD386D7AFCD5" box="[765,1121,754,781]" pageId="23" pageNumber="310" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5C276B07DEFD386D7AFCD5" blockId="23.[765,1121,754,781]" box="[765,1121,754,781]" pageId="23" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<heading id="D0BA81DDAF5C276B07DEFD386D7AFCD5" box="[765,1121,754,781]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="310" reason="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF5C276B07DEFD386D7AFCD5" ID-CoL="3D7TF" authority="Ashmead, 1887" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1887" box="[765,1121,754,781]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="310" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mayri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5C276B07DEFD386AABFCD4" bold="true" box="[765,944,754,781]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="310">Eurytoma mayri</emphasis>
|
||
Ashmead, 1887
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357653AAF5C276B0786FCE06D71FCA0" pageId="23" pageNumber="310" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5C276B0786FCE06D71FCA0" blockId="23.[677,1210,811,888]" pageId="23" pageNumber="310">
|
||
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF5C276B06EBFCE06D70FC9B" baseAuthorityName="Bouche" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[968,1131,811,835]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Diastrophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="310" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5C276B06EBFCE06D70FC9B" box="[968,1131,811,835]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="310">Diastrophus rubi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5C276B0159FCE06DA8FC9B" bold="true" box="[1146,1203,811,835]" pageId="23" pageNumber="310">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7621AF5C276B0159FCE06DA8FC9B" box="[1146,1203,811,835]" name="Spain" pageId="23" pageNumber="310">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4989F853AF5C276B0786FC8D6BEDFC86" box="[677,758,838,862]" country="Spain" name="Asturias" pageId="23" pageNumber="310">Asturias</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Ajuyán-Oviedo,
|
||
<date id="FFF31071AF5C276B0686FC8D6D17FC86" box="[933,1036,838,862]" pageId="23" pageNumber="310" value="2005-09-07">7.IX.2005</date>
|
||
, L. Parra leg (n = 116, of which
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4BFD38AF5C276B0610FCAB6AB2FCA0" box="[819,937,864,888]" pageId="23" pageNumber="310" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE74AF5C276B068CFCAB6D30FCA0" box="[943,1067,864,888]" pageId="23" pageNumber="310">MNHN-EY</collectionCode>
|
||
6414).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357653AAF5C27640786FC7B6874FE8A" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="311" pageId="23" pageNumber="310" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5C276B0786FC7B6A2EFC11" blockId="23.[675,1211,944,1700]" box="[677,821,944,971]" pageId="23" pageNumber="310">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5C276B0786FC1B6AD4FB31" blockId="23.[675,1211,944,1700]" pageId="23" pageNumber="310">
|
||
n = 116; body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B54AF5C276B06BFFC1B6D19FC33" box="[924,1026,976,1003]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.03" pageId="23" pageNumber="310" unit="mm" value="2.03">2.03 mm</quantity>
|
||
(range 1.0-2.7); body width
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B54AF5C276B0616FC3B6A84FBD3" box="[821,927,1008,1035]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="23" pageNumber="310" unit="mm" value="0.73">0.73 mm</quantity>
|
||
(0.5-1.5) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF5C276B0102FC3B6D67FBD3" box="[1057,1148,1008,1035]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[113,123,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[113,1209,215,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-100@11.[113,663,760,1308]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 5.— Ventral views ofterminal-instar eurytomidlarvae:A, Eurytomaaspila (Walker,1836) ex Phanacis caulicola; B, E.brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852 ex Cynips quercus (A); C, E. cynipsea Boheman, 1836 ex Phanacis hypochoeridis; D, E. infracta Mayr, 1904; E, E. mayri Ashmead, 1887; F, E. pediaspisi Pujade i Villar,1994; G, E. robusta Mayr, 1878; H, E. rosae Nees, 1834 ex Diplolepis rosae. Scale bars:1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546951" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546951/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="310">Figs 5E</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF5C276B01A8FC3B6DB6FBD3" box="[1163,1197,1008,1035]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[113,123,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[114,1209,215,1589]" captionTargetId="figure-96@13.[114,1209,214,1589]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 7.— Lateralviews ofterminal-instar eurytomidlarvae:A,Eurytoma aspila (Walker,1836) ex Phanacis caulicola; B, E.brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852 ex Cynips quercus (A); C, E. cynipsea Boheman, 1836 ex Phanacis hypochoeridis; D, E. infracta Mayr, 1904; E, E. mayri Ashmead, 1887; F, E. pediaspisi Pujade i Villar,1994; G, E. robusta Mayr, 1878; H, E. rosae Nees, 1834 ex Diplolepis rosae. Scale bars:1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546955" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546955/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="310">7E</figureCitation>
|
||
); body fusiform, slightly broadest in mid-region, tapering slightly anteriorly and posteriorly; ratio L/W = 2; ventral margin of body segments clearly convex; anterodorsal protuberances present from second thoracic segment to the eighth abdominal and clearly protruding beyond the dorsal margin of body segments (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF5C276B064CFB056AD8FB31" box="[879,963,1230,1257]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[113,123,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[114,1209,215,1589]" captionTargetId="figure-96@13.[114,1209,214,1589]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 7.— Lateralviews ofterminal-instar eurytomidlarvae:A,Eurytoma aspila (Walker,1836) ex Phanacis caulicola; B, E.brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852 ex Cynips quercus (A); C, E. cynipsea Boheman, 1836 ex Phanacis hypochoeridis; D, E. infracta Mayr, 1904; E, E. mayri Ashmead, 1887; F, E. pediaspisi Pujade i Villar,1994; G, E. robusta Mayr, 1878; H, E. rosae Nees, 1834 ex Diplolepis rosae. Scale bars:1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546955" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546955/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="310">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5C276B0798FB266D8FF9DE" blockId="23.[675,1211,944,1700]" pageId="23" pageNumber="310">
|
||
Antero-medial setae of the antennal area situated below the antennae; antero-medial setae of vertex situated midway between anterior margin of vertex and the antennae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF5C276B064BFA876AA6FABF" box="[872,957,1356,1383]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[113,124,1217,1234]" captionTargetBox="[282,1041,215,1174]" captionTargetId="figure-245@15.[281,852,214,791]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 9. — Anterior views of the head of terminal-instar eurytomid larvae: A, Eurytoma aspila (Walker, 1836) ex Phanacis caulicola; B, E. brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852 ex Cynips quercus (A); C, Eurytoma infracta Mayr, 1904; D, Eurytoma mayri Ashmead, 1887; E, Eurytoma pediaspisi Pujade i Villar, 1994; F, Eurytoma robusta Mayr, 1878. Scale bars: A, B, D, F, 400 μm; C, 300 μm; E, 200 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546959/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="310">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
|
||
); ratios SA/LAA = 0.22 and SA/DAV = 1.33; dorsal-labral setae longer than clypeal setae; ventral margin of clypeus indistinct; labrum with slight divisions restricted to its apical part; two lateral flaps and five poorly differentiated lobes; maxillary palps conspicuous (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF5C276B0104FA206D9CF9DE" box="[1063,1159,1515,1542]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[112,123,960,977]" captionTargetBox="[243,1079,215,916]" captionTargetId="figure-369@17.[243,1080,214,916]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIG. 11. — Anterior views of mouthparts of terminal-instar eurytomidae larvae:A, Eurytoma aspila (Walker,1836) ex Phanacis caulicola; B, E. brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852 ex Cynips quercus (A); C, E. cynipsea Boheman, 1836 ex Phanacis hypochoeridis; D, E. infracta Mayr, 1904; E, E. mayri Ashmead, 1887; F, E. pediaspisi Pujade i Villar, 1994. Scale bars: A, E, 200 μm; B-D, F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546963/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="310">Fig. 11E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5C27640798F9C16874FE8A" blockId="23.[675,1211,944,1700]" lastBlockId="24.[112,649,216,338]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="311" pageId="23" pageNumber="310">
|
||
Mandibles with tip of the first tooth clearly visible (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF5C276B0789F9E16A1DF99D" box="[682,774,1578,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[112,123,960,977]" captionTargetBox="[243,1079,215,916]" captionTargetId="figure-369@17.[243,1080,214,916]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIG. 11. — Anterior views of mouthparts of terminal-instar eurytomidae larvae:A, Eurytoma aspila (Walker,1836) ex Phanacis caulicola; B, E. brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852 ex Cynips quercus (A); C, E. cynipsea Boheman, 1836 ex Phanacis hypochoeridis; D, E. infracta Mayr, 1904; E, E. mayri Ashmead, 1887; F, E. pediaspisi Pujade i Villar, 1994. Scale bars: A, E, 200 μm; B-D, F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546963/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="310">Fig. 11E</figureCitation>
|
||
) with two main teeth, but with the inner margin forming two small projections close to the base of the second tooth, giving an appearance of four teeth; ratio L/W 1T = 2; outer margin of first tooth strongly convex, tip moderately recurved; apex of the second tooth straight, directed upwards in the same direction as the first tooth and more or less acute (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A34AF5327640421FEFC6878FE8A" box="[258,355,311,338]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="20.[113,123,1589,1606]" captionTargetBox="[153,1169,215,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-157@20.[153,1169,214,1545]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIG. 13.— Anterior views of the right mandible of terminal-instar eurytomid larvae:A, Eurytoma aspila (Walker,1836) ex Phanacis caulicola; B, E. brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852 ex Cynips quercus (A); C, E. cynipsea Boheman, 1836 ex Phanacis hypochoeridis; D, E. infracta Mayr, 1904; E, E. mayri Ashmead, 1887; F, E. pediaspisi Pujade i Villar, 1994; G, E. robusta Mayr, 1878; H, E. rosae Nees, 1834 ex Diplolepis rosae; I, E. rufipes Walker, 1832; J, E. sp. cf. aspila; K, E. sp. cf. jaceae; L, E. strigifrons Thomson, 1876 (right mandible); M, E. strigifrons (left mandible); N, E. timaspidis (Mayr, 1904). Scales bars: A, D-G, I-N, 50 μm; B, 20 μm; C, H, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4546967" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4546967/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="311">Fig. 13E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357653AAF5327640552FEBD6B79FD97" pageId="24" pageNumber="311" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5327640552FEBD69C9FE57" blockId="24.[111,648,374,591]" box="[113,210,374,401]" pageId="24" pageNumber="311">BIOLOGY</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5327640552FE5D6B79FD97" blockId="24.[111,648,374,591]" pageId="24" pageNumber="311">
|
||
The species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF53276405CFFE5C6889FE68" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1887" box="[236,402,407,432]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="311" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mayri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF53276405CFFE5C6889FE68" box="[236,402,407,432]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="311">Eurytoma mayri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a primary monophagous ectoparasitoid of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF5327640449FE7E69ADFE28" authority="(Bouche, 1834)" baseAuthorityName="Bouche" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Diastrophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="311" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5327640449FE7E6B07FE17" box="[362,540,437,463]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="311">Diastrophus rubi</emphasis>
|
||
(Bouché, 1834)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on different species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF532764049CFE1E6B99FE28" box="[447,642,469,496]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="24" pageNumber="311" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF532764049CFE1E6B1BFE37" box="[447,512,469,495]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="311">Rubus</emphasis>
|
||
(Rosaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Fully-grown larvae usually overwinter and adults emerge in the spring when the new
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF53276404FFFDDE6B4EFDF7" box="[476,597,533,559]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Diastrophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="311" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF53276404FFFDDE6B4EFDF7" box="[476,597,533,559]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="311">Diastrophus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
galls are developing on the running twigs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D32AF5327640738FDFF6B40FD96" box="[539,603,564,590]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="24" pageNumber="311" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAA3AF5327640738FDFF6B40FD96" box="[539,603,564,590]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="311">Rubus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357653AAF5327640552FDBF68FCFCF5" pageId="24" pageNumber="311" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5327640552FDBF69CEFD55" blockId="24.[112,647,628,813]" box="[113,213,628,655]" pageId="24" pageNumber="311">REMARKS</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236B1AF5327640552FD5868FCFCF5" blockId="24.[112,647,628,813]" pageId="24" pageNumber="311">The larvae of this species are readily separated from larvae of other species associated with cynipid galls by the peculiar shape of their mandibles, with the two small projections near the base of second tooth giving an appearance of four teeth.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |