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<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4334400" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e89a8dfa-e923-4a01-97f4-4edd4a0b8db0" ID-GBIF-Taxon="166018129" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4334400" approvedBy="poa" checkinTime="1596207678408" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Grazia, Jocelia, Schuh, Randall T. &amp; Wheeler, Ward C." docDate="2008" docId="03E187AB6B4AFFCEFFC8FD1913364A2B" docLanguage="en" docName="Cladistics.24.932-976.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Cladistics 24" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Aradoidea Spinola 1837" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="963" masterDocId="FFD8FFD36B55FFD1FFB9FF8611774F5E" masterDocTitle="Phylogenetic relationships of family groups in Pentatomoidea based on morphology and DNA sequences (Insecta: Heteroptera)" masterLastPageNumber="976" masterPageNumber="932" pageId="31" pageNumber="963" updateTime="1635478016111" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-4.0">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Phylogenetic relationships of family groups in Pentatomoidea based on morphology and DNA sequences (Insecta: Heteroptera)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Grazia, Jocelia</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jocelia@ufrgs.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Schuh, Randall T.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wheeler, Ward C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Cladistics</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2008</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2008-11-21</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>24</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>932</mods:start>
<mods:end>976</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1096-0031.2008.00224.x</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">e89a8dfa-e923-4a01-97f4-4edd4a0b8db0</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3968591</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4334400" ID-GBIF-Taxon="166018129" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4334400" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E187AB6B4AFFCEFFC8FD1913364A2B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E187AB6B4AFFCEFFC8FD1913364A2B" lastPageNumber="963" pageId="31" pageNumber="963">
<subSubSection box="[113,228,671,695]" pageId="31" pageNumber="963" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="31.[113,751,671,1397]" box="[113,228,671,695]" pageId="31" pageNumber="963">
<heading bold="true" box="[113,228,671,695]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="963" reason="0">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spinola" authorityYear="1837" box="[113,228,671,695]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="963" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Aradoidea">
<emphasis box="[113,228,671,695]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="963">Aradoidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="963" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="31.[113,751,671,1397]" pageId="31" pageNumber="963">
<bibRefCitation author="Sweet, M. H." box="[140,281,701,725]" editor="Schaefer, C. W." journalOrPublisher="Thomas Say Publications in Entomology, Entomological Society of America, Lanham, MD, USA" pageId="31" pageNumber="963" refId="ref32696" refString="Sweet, M. H., 1996. Comparative external anatomy of the pregenital abdomen of the Hemiptera. In: Schaefer, C. W. (Ed.), Studies on Hemipteran Phylogeny. Thomas Say Publications in Entomology, Entomological Society of America, Lanham, MD, USA." title="Comparative external anatomy of the pregenital abdomen of the Hemiptera" type="book" volumeTitle="Studies on Hemipteran Phylogeny" year="1996">Sweet (1996</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Sweet, M. H." box="[296,351,701,725]" editor="Rabitsch, W." journalOrPublisher="Denisia" pageId="31" pageNumber="963" pagination="225 - 248" part="19" refId="ref32751" refString="Sweet, M. H., 2006. Justification for the Aradimorpha as an infraorder of the suborder Heteroptera (Hemiptera, Prosorrhyncha) with special reference to the pregenital abdominal structure. In: Rabitsch, W. (Ed.): Hug the Bug-For Love of True Bugs. Festschrift zum 70 Geburtstag von Ernst Heiss., Denisia 19, 225 - 248." title="Justification for the Aradimorpha as an infraorder of the suborder Heteroptera (Hemiptera, Prosorrhyncha) with special reference to the pregenital abdominal structure" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Hug the Bug-For Love of True Bugs. Festschrift zum 70 Geburtstag von Ernst Heiss" year="2006">2006</bibRefCitation>
) argued that the
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Henry" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[559,664,701,725]" class="Insecta" family="Aradidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="963" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aradidae</taxonomicName>
should be treated as a separate infraorder, Aradimorpha (originally Aradomorpha), because members of the
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="31.[113,751,671,1397]" pageId="31" pageNumber="963">
group ‘‘have a more plesiomorphous abdominal structure, than the Leptopodomorpha +
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" infraOrder="Pentatomomorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="974" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="infraOrder">Pentatomomorpha</taxonomicName>
, and possess unique apomorphies’’ (
<bibRefCitation author="Sweet, M. H." editor="Schaefer, C. W." journalOrPublisher="Thomas Say Publications in Entomology, Entomological Society of America, Lanham, MD, USA" pageId="31" pageNumber="963" refId="ref32696" refString="Sweet, M. H., 1996. Comparative external anatomy of the pregenital abdomen of the Hemiptera. In: Schaefer, C. W. (Ed.), Studies on Hemipteran Phylogeny. Thomas Say Publications in Entomology, Entomological Society of America, Lanham, MD, USA." title="Comparative external anatomy of the pregenital abdomen of the Hemiptera" type="book" volumeTitle="Studies on Hemipteran Phylogeny" year="1996">Sweet, 1996</bibRefCitation>
). This viewpoint has not been widely adopted in the literature on heteropteran classification, possibly because only a few workers have devoted effort to dealing with this particular subject during the intervening period (e.g.
<bibRefCitation author="Cassis, G. &amp; Gross, G. F." bookContentInfo="737 pp." box="[369,674,1006,1030]" editor="Houston, W. W. K. &amp; Wells, A." journalOrPublisher="Melbourne, Australia, Vol. 27.3 B" pageId="31" pageNumber="963" refId="ref28008" refString="Cassis, G., Gross, G. F., 2002. Hemiptera- Heteroptera (Pentatomomorpha). In: Houston, W. W. K., Wells, A. (Eds.), Zoological Catalog of Australia. CSIRO Publishing, B. Melbourne, Australia, Vol. 27.3 B, xiv + 737 pp." title="Hemiptera- Heteroptera (Pentatomomorpha)" type="book" volumeTitle="Zoological Catalog of Australia. CSIRO Publishing, B" year="2002">Cassis and Gross, 2002</bibRefCitation>
). Our evidence offers no support for Sweet̕s (1996) theory, but rather corroborates the theory that the Aradoidea belong to the Geocorisae. As is the case for the
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Schuh and Stys" baseAuthorityYear="1991" box="[113,287,1129,1153]" class="Insecta" infraOrder="Cimicomorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="963" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="infraOrder">Cimicomorpha</taxonomicName>
, our sample for the
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Henry" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[543,649,1129,1153]" class="Insecta" family="Aradidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="963" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aradidae</taxonomicName>
is small and does not offer strong evidence for placement of the Aradoidea within the Geocorisae. It is nonetheless largely concordant with that of
<bibRefCitation author="Wheeler, W. C. &amp; Schuh, R. T. &amp; Bang, R." box="[503,751,1220,1244]" journalOrPublisher="Entomol. Scand." pageId="31" pageNumber="963" pagination="121 - 137" part="24" refId="ref33056" refString="Wheeler, W. C., Schuh, R. T., Bang, R., 1993. Cladistic relationships among higher groups of Heteroptera: congruence between morphological and molecular data sets. Entomol. Scand. 24, 121 - 137." title="Cladistic relationships among higher groups of Heteroptera: congruence between morphological and molecular data sets" type="journal article" year="1993">Wheeler et al. (1993)</bibRefCitation>
in placing the Aradoidea as the sister group of the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonnemaison" authorityYear="1822" box="[113,261,1281,1305]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Trichophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="963" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trichophora</taxonomicName>
. Astronger test of this theory will require analysis of a much larger taxon sample for the Aradoidea in conjunction with a broader sample from the Geocorisae and Leptopodomorpha.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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