523 lines
106 KiB
XML
523 lines
106 KiB
XML
<document id="B2B170A7D2EF106A9B332C4945C68259" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.196223" ID-GBIF-Dataset="648631c9-8b76-4f0f-85a4-d808b6fbfe70" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="196223" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460240568931" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Whittington, Ian D." docDate="2010" docId="03C11D43D316FFFDFF7F43999F225780" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02519p030.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2519" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti 1963" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="FFF8653BD318FFE9FFE847349A135202" masterDocTitle="Revision of Benedeniella Johnston, 1929 (Monogenea: Capsalidae), its assignment to Entobdellinae Bychowsky, 1957 and comments on subfamilial composition" masterLastPageNumber="30" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1698240612236" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="F2E33FC931F11C7B415D3B97214B56D1">Revision of Benedeniella Johnston, 1929 (Monogenea: Capsalidae), its assignment to Entobdellinae Bychowsky, 1957 and comments on subfamilial composition</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="2C5E559F72F93F59DF2AD972FBAA34B9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4DB9917B6B445D60E167E2A3AFDFA345">Whittington, Ian D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8C23302633AFF235420B729D7165B036">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="264373AC7F5933A8D2E3A21171FD95F4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="88D0DD9EDD0A62F96B3CF90EB002CF51">
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<mods:date id="654BF57DCB46310F83D317493546F2C0">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="E14D8E8F00503C8C9597CF8C88DD3FBE" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A49FFCE9209B2F54E918BF80492F7214">2519</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="C7ABA1F750BA52BC65C4C2693151653C" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.196223</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="235C562396589AD993AAED5B1304B399" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D1AC64BC8AB6BE03BF0C79B30DA00EAB" type="Zenodo-Dep">196223</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C11D43D316FFFDFF7F43999F225780" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6207324" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119389652" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6207324" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C11D43D316FFFDFF7F43999F225780" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C11D43D316FFFDFF7F43999F225780" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<subSubSection id="C372FFDED316FFE7FF7F43999BB956E8" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D316FFE7FF7F4399994456C5" blockId="14.[151,855,1197,1258]" box="[151,855,1197,1223]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<heading id="D09F1B39D316FFE7FF7F4399994456C5" bold="true" box="[151,855,1197,1223]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D316FFE7FF7F4399994456C5" ID-CoL="68J54" authority="(Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963" authorityName="(Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti" authorityYear="1963" box="[151,855,1197,1223]" class="Monogenea" family="Capsalidae" genus="Benedeniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Capsalidea" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="posterocolpa">
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<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FF7F4399994456C5" bold="true" box="[151,855,1197,1223]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FF7F43999BC656C5" bold="true" box="[151,469,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Benedeniella posterocolpa</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D316FFE7FE0C4399989656C5" author="Hargis" box="[484,645,1197,1223]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" refString="Hargis, W. J. Jr. (1955) Monogenetic trematodes of Gulf of Mexico fishes. Part V. The superfamily Capsaloidea. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 74, 203 - 225." type="journal article" year="1955">Hargis, 1955</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D316FFE7FD7D4399994456C5" author="Yamaguti" box="[661,855,1197,1223]" pageId="14" pageNumber="30" refString="Yamaguti, S. (1963) Systema Helminthum. Volume IV. Monogenea and Aspidocotylea. InterScience Publishers, New York, USA, 699 pp." type="book" year="1963">Yamaguti, 1963</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D316FFE7FF7F43E49BB956E8" blockId="14.[151,855,1197,1258]" box="[151,426,1232,1258]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D316FFE7FF7743E49AFC56E8" box="[159,239,1232,1258]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,254,1620,1644]" captionTargetBox="[248,1337,531,1594]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[247,1339,530,1595]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Differential interference contrast photomicrographs of haptor and anterior attachment organs from stained, mounted specimens of Benedeniella species. A. Accessory sclerite (as) and anterior (= proximal) part of anterior hamulus (ah) on one side of haptor of B. macrocolpa (Lühe, 1906) Yamaguti, 1963 showing route of tendon through proximal notch (pn) of accessory sclerite before attaching to proximal end of anterior hamulus with a branch (b) of the tendon apparently attaching to haptor tissue. AHC 29906 (specimen labeled no. 1). B. The left anterior attachment organ of B. macrocolpa showing complete ventral grooves (gr) and some incomplete grooves (ig) anterolaterally. Note the rounded papillae (rp) at the anterior extremity of the parasite. AHC 29906 (specimen labeled no. 1). C. Accessory sclerite (as) and anterior (= proximal) part of anterior hamulus (ah) on one side of haptor of B. posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963 showing route of tendon through proximal notch of accessory sclerite before attaching to proximal end of anterior hamulus with a branch (b) of the tendon apparently attaching to haptor tissue. AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 13). D. The left anterior attachment organ of B. posterocolpa showing ventral grooves (gr) and some incomplete grooves (ig) anterolaterally. Note the dorsal horn (dh) where the body and anterior attachment organ join. AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 13). Scale bars: 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196226/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
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C–D, 5B, 8–11)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C372FFDED316FFE7FF7F422E98B95733" box="[151,682,1306,1330]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D316FFE7FF7F422E98B95733" blockId="14.[151,682,1306,1330]" box="[151,682,1306,1330]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FF7F422E9B195730" bold="true" box="[151,266,1306,1330]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Synonym:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D316FFE7FEF9422E98B55733" authority="Hargis, 1955" authorityName="Hargis" authorityYear="1955" box="[273,678,1306,1329]" class="Monogenea" family="Capsalidae" genus="Benedenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Capsalidea" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="posterocolpa">
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<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FEF9422E98005733" box="[273,531,1306,1329]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Benedenia posterocolpa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D316FFE7FDF1422E98B55733" author="Hargis" box="[537,678,1306,1329]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" refString="Hargis, W. J. Jr. (1955) Monogenetic trematodes of Gulf of Mexico fishes. Part V. The superfamily Capsaloidea. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 74, 203 - 225." type="journal article" year="1955">Hargis, 1955</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C372FFDED316FFE7FF7F426B988054ED" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D316FFE7FF7F426B9814579D" blockId="14.[151,1437,1375,2036]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FF7F426B9B09577B" bold="true" box="[151,282,1375,1401]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<typeStatus id="54D312F7D316FFE7FF7F426B9AC7577B" box="[151,212,1375,1401]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type</typeStatus>
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host:
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D316FFE7FECA4254989A5778" authority="Mitchill" authorityName="Mitchill" box="[290,649,1376,1402]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Rhinoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bonasus">
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<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FECA4254981D577B" box="[290,526,1376,1401]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Rhinoptera bonasus</emphasis>
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(Mitchill)
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</taxonomicName>
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[syn:
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<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D316FFE7FD3C42549E115778" authority="Le Sueur" authorityName="Le Sueur" box="[724,1026,1376,1402]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Rhinoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadriloba">
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<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FD3C425498F5577B" box="[724,742,1376,1401]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FD1D4254996B577B" box="[757,888,1376,1401]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">quadriloba</emphasis>
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(Le Sueur)
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</taxonomicName>
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; see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D316FFE7FBD542549EC65778" author="Lawler" box="[1085,1237,1376,1402]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" refString="Lawler, A. R. (1981) Zoogeography and host-specificity of the superfamily Capsaloidea Price, 1936 (Monogenea: Monopisthocotylea). An evaluation of the host-parasite locality records of the superfamily Capsaloidea Price, 1936, and their utility in determinations of host-specificity and zoogeography. Special Papers in Marine Science No. 6, 650 pp. Virginia Institute of Marine Science and School of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, Virginia, USA." type="book" year="1981">Lawler 1981</bibRefCitation>
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] (
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<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D316FFE7FB0442549F9C5778" box="[1260,1423,1376,1402]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Myliobatidae</taxonomicName>
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), the cownose ray (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D316FFE7FE8C42B19BE9579D" author="Hargis" box="[356,506,1413,1439]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" refString="Hargis, W. J. Jr. (1955) Monogenetic trematodes of Gulf of Mexico fishes. Part V. The superfamily Capsaloidea. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 74, 203 - 225." type="journal article" year="1955">Hargis 1955</bibRefCitation>
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).
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D316FFE7FF2E429E9EF657C6" blockId="14.[151,1437,1375,2036]" box="[198,1253,1450,1476]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FF2E429E9B7C57C6" bold="true" box="[198,367,1450,1476]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<typeStatus id="54D312F7D316FFE7FF2E429E9B1757C6" box="[198,260,1450,1476]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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||
</emphasis>
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Tampa Bay, Pinellas County, Florida, Gulf of
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<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D316FFE7FC79429E99FE57C6" box="[913,1005,1450,1476]" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D316FFE7FC11429E9E2757C6" box="[1017,1076,1450,1476]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USA</collectingCountry>
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||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D316FFE7FBAB429E9ECA57C6" author="Hargis" box="[1091,1241,1450,1476]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" refString="Hargis, W. J. Jr. (1955) Monogenetic trematodes of Gulf of Mexico fishes. Part V. The superfamily Capsaloidea. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 74, 203 - 225." type="journal article" year="1955">Hargis 1955</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D316FFE7FF2D42FB988054ED" blockId="14.[151,1437,1375,2036]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FF2D42FB991357EB" bold="true" box="[197,768,1487,1513]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Other published host and locality records:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D316FFE7FCE042E49E6557E8" authority="Chesapeake Bay" authorityName="Chesapeake Bay" box="[776,1142,1488,1514]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Rhinoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bonasus">
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<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FCE042E4998057EB" box="[776,915,1488,1513]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R. bonasus</emphasis>
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||
, Chesapeake Bay
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</taxonomicName>
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, Atlantic coast of
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<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D316FFE7FAB742E49F8E57E8" box="[1375,1437,1488,1514]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USA</collectingCountry>
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||
(
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D316FFE7FF7642C19B71540D" author="McMahon" box="[158,354,1525,1551]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" refString="McMahon, J. W. (1963) Monogenetic trematodes from some Chesapeake Bay fishes. Part I: The superfamilies Capsaloidea Price, 1936 and Diclidophoroidea Price, 1936. Chesapeake Science, 4, 151 - 160." type="journal article" year="1963">McMahon 1963</bibRefCitation>
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);
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<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D316FFE7FE9F42C19BEB540C" box="[375,504,1525,1550]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Rhinoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bonasus">
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||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FE9F42C19BEB540C" box="[375,504,1525,1550]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R. bonasus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, ‘northern Gulf of Mexico’,
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<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D316FFE7FCA542C1999B540D" box="[845,904,1525,1551]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D316FFE7FC7F42C19E48540D" author="Overstreet" box="[919,1115,1525,1551]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" refString="Overstreet, R. M. (1978) Marine maladies? Worms, germs, and other symbionts from the northern Gulf of Mexico. Alabama Sea Grant Consortium, Mississippi, 140 pp." type="book" year="1978">Overstreet 1978</bibRefCitation>
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||
);
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<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D316FFE7FB9842C19ADC5436" authority="Punta Gorda, Gulf" authorityName="Punta Gorda, Gulf" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Rhinoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bonasus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FB9842C19EE2540C" box="[1136,1265,1525,1550]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R. bonasus</emphasis>
|
||
, Punta Gorda, Gulf
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
of
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<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D316FFE7FF11412E9B4A5436" box="[249,345,1562,1588]" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Florida,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D316FFE7FE27412E98185436" box="[463,523,1562,1588]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
and on captive
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<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D316FFE7FD27412F99455436" box="[719,854,1563,1588]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Rhinoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bonasus">
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||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FD27412F99455436" box="[719,854,1563,1588]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R. bonasus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
at Sea World, Florida,
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<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D316FFE7FB9D412E9EA25436" box="[1141,1201,1562,1588]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D316FFE7FB2A412E9F7F5436" author="Thoney" box="[1218,1388,1562,1588]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" refString="Thoney, D. A. (1990) The effects of trichlorfon, praziquantel and copper sulphate on various stages of the monogenean Benedeniella posterocolpa, a skin parasite of the cownose ray, Rhinoptera bonasus (Mitchill). Journal of Fish Diseases, 13, 385 - 389." type="journal article" year="1990">Thoney 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D316FFE7FA6A412F9BA95458" authority="Ocean Springs" authorityName="Ocean Springs" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Rhinoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bonasus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FA6A412F9AEB545B" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R. bonasus</emphasis>
|
||
, Ocean Springs
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Mississippi, Gulf of
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||
<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D316FFE7FD564174990F5458" box="[702,796,1600,1626]" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D316FFE7FCC0417499705458" box="[808,867,1600,1626]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D316FFE7FC9B41749F7E5458" author="Kearn" box="[883,1389,1600,1626]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" refString="Kearn, G. C. & Whittington, I. D. (1992) Diversity of reproductive behaviour in platyhelminth parasites: insemination in some benedeniine (capsalid) monogeneans. Parasitology, 104, 489 - 496." type="journal article" year="1992">Kearn & Whittington 1992; present study</bibRefCitation>
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||
);
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D316FFE7FA6B41749B81547D" authority="Champoton" authorityName="Champoton" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Rhinoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bonasus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FA6B41749AE4547C" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R. bonasus</emphasis>
|
||
, Champotón
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Campeche, Gulf of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D316FFE7FD6D415198F1547D" box="[645,738,1637,1663]" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D316FFE7FD0541519955547D" box="[749,838,1637,1663]" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D316FFE7FCBE41519EA6547D" author="Pulido-Flores" box="[854,1205,1637,1663]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" refString="Pulido-Flores, G. & Monks, S. (2005) Monogenean parasites of some elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes) from the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Comparative Parasitology, 72, 69 - 74." type="journal article" year="2005">Pulido-Flores & Monks 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D316FFE7FB2241519B3554A6" authority="Punta Gorda, Gulf" authorityName="Punta Gorda, Gulf" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Rhinoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bonasus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FB2241519F59547C" box="[1226,1354,1637,1662]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R. bonasus</emphasis>
|
||
, Punta Gorda, Gulf
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D316FFE7FEA641BE9BB854A6" box="[334,427,1674,1700]" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Florida and Sea World, Florida,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D316FFE7FCDE41BE996254A6" box="[822,881,1674,1700]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(present study);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D316FFE7FBD141BF9EA854A6" box="[1081,1211,1675,1700]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Rhinoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bonasus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FBD141BF9EA854A6" box="[1081,1211,1675,1700]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R. bonasus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
held captive at the New York Aquarium, New York City,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D316FFE7FD8D418498B354C8" box="[613,672,1712,1738]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(hosts initially collected in ‘Virginia’ [pers. comm., Dr A.D.M. Dove]) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D316FFE7FF1141E19BC954ED" author="Perkins" box="[249,474,1749,1775]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" refString="Perkins E. M., Donnellan S. C., Bertozzi T., Chisholm L. A. & Whittington I. D. (2009) Looks can deceive: molecular phylogeny of flatworm ectoparasites (Monogenea: Capsalidae) does not reflect current morphological classification. Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution, 52, 705 - 714." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Perkins
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FEB241E19B9E54EC" box="[346,397,1749,1774]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; present study).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C372FFDED316FFE7FF2E41CE9BCD5538" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D316FFE7FF2E41CE9BCD5538" blockId="14.[151,1437,1375,2036]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FF2E41CE9B8E5516" bold="true" box="[198,413,1786,1812]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Site of infection:</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral skin (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D316FFE7FDA641CE98F45516" author="Hargis" box="[590,743,1786,1812]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" refString="Hargis, W. J. Jr. (1955) Monogenetic trematodes of Gulf of Mexico fishes. Part V. The superfamily Capsaloidea. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 74, 203 - 225." type="journal article" year="1955">Hargis 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D316FFE7FD1041CE99AF5516" author="McMahon" box="[760,956,1786,1812]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" refString="McMahon, J. W. (1963) Monogenetic trematodes from some Chesapeake Bay fishes. Part I: The superfamilies Capsaloidea Price, 1936 and Diclidophoroidea Price, 1936. Chesapeake Science, 4, 151 - 160." type="journal article" year="1963">McMahon 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D316FFE7FC2541CE9F245516" author="Pulido-Flores" box="[973,1335,1786,1812]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" refString="Pulido-Flores, G. & Monks, S. (2005) Monogenean parasites of some elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes) from the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Comparative Parasitology, 72, 69 - 74." type="journal article" year="2005">Pulido-Flores & Monks 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; present study); skin (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D316FFE7FEC740149BC25538" author="Thoney" box="[303,465,1824,1850]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" refString="Thoney, D. A. (1990) The effects of trichlorfon, praziquantel and copper sulphate on various stages of the monogenean Benedeniella posterocolpa, a skin parasite of the cownose ray, Rhinoptera bonasus (Mitchill). Journal of Fish Diseases, 13, 385 - 389." type="journal article" year="1990">Thoney 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C372FFDED316FFFDFF2D407199EA504E" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D316FFE7FF2D40719E18555D" blockId="14.[151,1437,1375,2036]" box="[197,1035,1861,1887]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FF2D40719B84555D" bold="true" box="[197,407,1861,1887]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Infection details:</emphasis>
|
||
Not determined for any new material examined here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D316FFE6FF2E405E9F725345" blockId="14.[151,1437,1375,2036]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1437,152,327]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FF2E405E9BA95586" bold="true" box="[198,442,1898,1924]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Material deposited:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED793490D316FFE7FE2A405E98045586" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" box="[450,535,1898,1924]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">SAMA</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED793490D316FFE7FDF5405E98485586" box="[541,603,1898,1924]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">AHC</collectionCode>
|
||
29908 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6E67DCD316FFE7FD56405E99505586" box="[702,835,1898,1924]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
, 1 slide),
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED793490D316FFE7FC5B405E9E015586" box="[947,1042,1898,1924]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ppqr-es1r" name="United States National Parasite Collection" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USNPC</collectionCode>
|
||
No.
|
||
<date id="FFD68A95D316FFE7FBA2405E9EB15586" box="[1098,1186,1898,1924]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="19-10-30">103019</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6E67DCD316FFE7FB5D405E9F295586" box="[1205,1338,1898,1924]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
, 1 slide) ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D316FFE7FF5440A49B5355AB" box="[188,320,1936,1961]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Rhinoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bonasus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FF5440A49B5355AB" box="[188,320,1936,1961]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R. bonasus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(site unknown), Ocean Springs, Mississippi, Gulf of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D316FFE7FC2040A49E3455A8" box="[968,1063,1936,1962]" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D316FFE7FBDB40A49E7C55A8" box="[1075,1135,1936,1962]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(original source, RMO);
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED793490D316FFE7FF7F40819AFE55CD" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" box="[151,237,1973,1999]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">SAMA</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED793490D316FFE7FF1D40819B2755CD" box="[245,308,1973,1999]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">AHC</collectionCode>
|
||
29909 (1 slide,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6E67DCD316FFE7FE124081988055CD" box="[506,659,1973,1999]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED793490D316FFE7FD404081991B55CD" box="[680,776,1973,1999]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ppqr-es1r" name="United States National Parasite Collection" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USNPC</collectionCode>
|
||
No.
|
||
<date id="FFD68A95D316FFE7FCAD4081998C55CD" box="[837,927,1973,1999]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="20-10-30">103020</date>
|
||
(1 slide,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6E67DCD316FFE7FBF940819EB455CD" box="[1041,1191,1973,1999]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="generic">7 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
) ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D316FFE7FB3440819F7355CC" box="[1244,1376,1973,1998]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Rhinoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bonasus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D316FFE7FB3440819F7355CC" box="[1244,1376,1973,1998]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R. bonasus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(site unknown) Punta Gorda, Gulf of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D316FFE7FDF740EE986E55F6" box="[543,637,2010,2036]" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Florida,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D316FFE7FD1840EE993F55F6" box="[752,812,2010,2036]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(original source, DAT);
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED793490D316FFE7FBBD40EE9EBD55F6" box="[1109,1198,2010,2036]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
2010.4.16.12-13 (2 slides,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6E67DCD317FFE6FF0147AC9B6D52B0" box="[233,382,152,178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED793490D317FFE6FE7A47AC9BF452B0" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" box="[402,487,152,178]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">SAMA</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED793490D317FFE6FE0647AC983F52B0" box="[494,556,152,178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">AHC</collectionCode>
|
||
29910 (1 slide,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6E67DCD317FFE6FD0447AC996652B0" box="[748,885,152,178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED793490D317FFE6FC6247AC99FA52B0" box="[906,1001,152,178]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ppqr-es1r" name="United States National Parasite Collection" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">USNPC</collectionCode>
|
||
No.
|
||
<date id="FFD68A95D317FFE6FBCB47AC9E6852B0" box="[1059,1147,152,178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="21-10-30">103021</date>
|
||
(1 slide,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6E67DCD317FFE6FB0247AC9F6352B0" box="[1258,1392,152,178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
) ex ventral skin surface of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D317FFE6FE5D4789992252D5" authority="Punta Gorda, Gulf" authorityName="Punta Gorda, Gulf" box="[437,817,189,215]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Rhinoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bonasus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D317FFE6FE5D4789982E52D4" box="[437,573,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">R. bonasus</emphasis>
|
||
, Punta Gorda, Gulf
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D317FFE6FCB5478999AD52D5" box="[861,958,189,215]" name="Mexico" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Florida,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D317FFE6FBDC47899E6252D5" box="[1076,1137,189,215]" name="United States of America" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(original source, DAT);
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED793490D317FFE6FF7F47D69AFC52FE" box="[151,239,226,252]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
2010.4.16.14-21 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6E67DCD317FFE6FE2247D6984D52FE" box="[458,606,226,252]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="generic">8 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, 8 slides),
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED793490D317FFE6FD3647D6992052FE" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" box="[734,819,226,252]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">SAMA</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED793490D317FFE6FCD347D6996A52FE" box="[827,889,226,252]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">AHC</collectionCode>
|
||
29911 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6E67DCD317FFE6FC3347D69E6F52FE" box="[987,1148,226,252]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="generic">11 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, 11 slides),
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED793490D317FFE6FAE247D69F7A52FE" box="[1290,1385,226,252]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ppqr-es1r" name="United States National Parasite Collection" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">USNPC</collectionCode>
|
||
No.
|
||
<date id="FFD68A95D317FFE6FF7F463C9AE35320" box="[151,240,264,290]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="22-10-30">103022</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<date id="FFD68A95D317FFE6FF17463C9B465320" box="[255,341,264,290]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="31-10-30">103031</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6E67DCD317FFE6FE8E463C981B5320" box="[358,520,264,290]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, 10 slides) ex ventral skin surface of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D317FFE6FC55463C9E2D5323" box="[957,1086,264,289]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Rhinoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bonasus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D317FFE6FC55463C9E2D5323" box="[957,1086,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">R. bonasus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
held captive at the New York Aquarium, New York City,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D317FFE6FE33461998055345" box="[475,534,301,327]" name="United States of America" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(hosts initially collected in ‘Virginia’ [pers. comm., Dr A.D.M. Dove]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF17FCDDD317FFE6FF7F40679B5F55E9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196231/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" targetBox="[332,1260,379,1856]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D317FFE6FF7F40679B5F55E9" blockId="15.[151,1437,1875,2027]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D317FFE6FF7F40679B0F5569" bold="true" box="[151,284,1875,1899]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D317FFE6FECC406099BB5569" authority="(Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963" authorityName="(Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti" authorityYear="1963" box="[292,936,1876,1899]" class="Monogenea" family="Capsalidae" genus="Benedeniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Capsalidea" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="posterocolpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D317FFE6FECC40609BA05569" box="[292,435,1876,1899]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Benedeniella</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D317FFE6FE524060985B5569" box="[442,584,1876,1899]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">posterocolpa</emphasis>
|
||
(Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Whole adult parasite, composite drawing, in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 4) with some additions by hand. For clarity, intestinal diverticula (entirely coextensive with the vitellarium) other than immediately posterior to pharynx and full extent of convolutions of vas deferens are simplified (but are shown in full in Figure 10). Abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF17FCDDD308FFF9FF7F40529E2A55DF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196232/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" targetBox="[389,1196,194,1875]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D308FFF9FF7F40529E2A55DF" blockId="16.[151,1436,1894,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D308FFF9FF7F40529B0B557C" bold="true" box="[151,280,1894,1918]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D308FFF9FEF64052999F557F" authority="(Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963" authorityName="(Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti" authorityYear="1963" box="[286,908,1894,1917]" class="Monogenea" family="Capsalidae" genus="Benedeniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Capsalidea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="posterocolpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D308FFF9FEF640529BBA557F" box="[286,425,1894,1917]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Benedeniella</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D308FFF9FE474052982A557F" box="[431,569,1894,1917]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">posterocolpa</emphasis>
|
||
(Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Haptoral sclerites of adult parasite.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D308FFF9FAE540529F34557C" bold="true" box="[1293,1319,1894,1918]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Accessory sclerite. Note proximal transverse ridges (tv).
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D308FFF9FD6C40B2988F559C" bold="true" box="[644,668,1926,1950]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Anterior hamulus.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D308FFF9FC8540B29994559C" bold="true" box="[877,903,1926,1950]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Posterior hamulus.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D308FFF9FBB640B29E64559C" bold="true" box="[1118,1143,1926,1950]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Hooklet.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D308FFF9FB0B40B29EE8559C" bold="true" box="[1251,1275,1926,1950]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Proximal ends of anterior hamulus (ah) and accessory sclerite (as) showing main tendon path (stippled) plus branch (solid) to haptor tissue (see also Figure 3C). Scale bars: A–B, 100 µm; C, 50 µm; D, 10 µm; E, 200 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF17FCDDD309FFF8FF7F403E9B7455E3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196233/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" targetBox="[272,1313,206,1773]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D309FFF8FF7F403E9B7455E3" blockId="17.[151,1437,1802,2017]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D309FFF8FF7F403E9B355520" bold="true" box="[151,294,1802,1826]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D309FFF8FEC4403E998F5523" authority="(Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963" authorityName="(Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti" authorityYear="1963" box="[300,924,1802,1825]" class="Monogenea" family="Capsalidae" genus="Benedeniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Capsalidea" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="posterocolpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D309FFF8FEC4403E985B5523" box="[300,584,1802,1825]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Benedeniella posterocolpa</emphasis>
|
||
(Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Anterolateral region of body (left side) of adult parasite. Composite drawing in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 3) with some additions by hand. Note that positions of some ducts (e.g. transverse vitelline duct, vas deferens and uterus) are displaced slightly for clarity. Also, common genital pore, excretory papilla and vaginal pore open dorsally and are shown here as seen by transparency. Details of junction of oviduct, common vitelline duct and ovo-vitelline duct (all these structures are dorsal to the transverse vitelline duct) are shown in Figure 11. Abbreviation: ve, vas efferens. Other abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF17FCDDD30AFFFBFF7F42959F8E543A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196234/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" targetBox="[172,1423,210,1395]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D30AFFFBFF7F42959F8E543A" blockId="18.[151,1437,1441,1592]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D30AFFFBFF7F42959B3757BB" bold="true" box="[151,292,1441,1465]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D30AFFFBFEC34296998957BA" authority="(Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963" authorityName="Yamaguti" authorityYear="1963" baseAuthorityName="Hargis" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[299,922,1441,1465]" class="Monogenea" family="Capsalidae" genus="Benedeniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Capsalidea" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="posterocolpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D30AFFFBFEC34296985557BB" box="[299,582,1442,1465]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Benedeniella posterocolpa</emphasis>
|
||
(Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Region of germarium, transverse vitelline duct, vitelline reservoir and ootype in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 3) with some additions by hand. Note that full extent of the transverse vitelline duct (dotted lines) is not shown and cirrus sac is omitted (see Figures 8 and 10 for details) to depict the junction of oviduct (ov) and common vitelline duct (cv) to form the ovovitelline duct (ovo) which is dorsal to the transverse vitelline duct. Abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D30AFFFAFF2D41B29B285025" blockId="18.[151,1437,1670,2033]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,152,2007]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D30AFFFBFF2D41B29B9B54A2" bold="true" box="[197,392,1670,1696]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Redescription:</emphasis>
|
||
Based on 38 flattened wholemounted adult and 6 flattened wholemounted juvenile specimens from various locations off the east coast of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D30AFFFBFC77419899F054C4" box="[927,995,1708,1734]" name="United States of America" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Measurements from 38 flattened wholemounted specimens (all sexually mature), except hooklets measured in flattened wholemounted, mostly juvenile, specimens. Body broadly oval (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30AFFFBFD9741C398DB5513" box="[639,712,1783,1809]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[332,1260,379,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[321,1266,373,1864]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Whole adult parasite, composite drawing, in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 4) with some additions by hand. For clarity, intestinal diverticula (entirely coextensive with the vitellarium) other than immediately posterior to pharynx and full extent of convolutions of vas deferens are simplified (but are shown in full in Figure 10). Abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196231/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Total length (including haptor) and maximum breadth (at a level just posterior to testes): 3.77–17.12 (7.95, n = 38) x 2.44–11.15 (4.54, n = 38) mm. Haptor 1.14–4.19 (2.07, n = 38) x 1.07–3.88 (1.92, n = 38) mm; mostly wider anteriorly, tapering posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30AFFFBFB2D40759F185559" box="[1221,1291,1857,1883]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[332,1260,379,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[321,1266,373,1864]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Whole adult parasite, composite drawing, in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 4) with some additions by hand. For clarity, intestinal diverticula (entirely coextensive with the vitellarium) other than immediately posterior to pharynx and full extent of convolutions of vas deferens are simplified (but are shown in full in Figure 10). Abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196231/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Accessory sclerites large, 258–863 (378, n = 76) long, near haptor centre; spear head-shaped with transverse ridges proximally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30AFFFBFED940B89B6E55A4" box="[305,381,1932,1958]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,254,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[389,1196,194,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[381,1202,194,1882]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Haptoral sclerites of adult parasite. A. Accessory sclerite. Note proximal transverse ridges (tv). B. Anterior hamulus. C. Posterior hamulus. D. Hooklet. E. Proximal ends of anterior hamulus (ah) and accessory sclerite (as) showing main tendon path (stippled) plus branch (solid) to haptor tissue (see also Figure 3 C). Scale bars: A – B, 100 µm; C, 50 µm; D, 10 µm; E, 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196232/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
A); proximal end with notch (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30AFFFBFD1C40B8995055A4" box="[756,835,1932,1958]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,254,1620,1644]" captionTargetBox="[248,1337,531,1594]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[247,1339,530,1595]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Differential interference contrast photomicrographs of haptor and anterior attachment organs from stained, mounted specimens of Benedeniella species. A. Accessory sclerite (as) and anterior (= proximal) part of anterior hamulus (ah) on one side of haptor of B. macrocolpa (Lühe, 1906) Yamaguti, 1963 showing route of tendon through proximal notch (pn) of accessory sclerite before attaching to proximal end of anterior hamulus with a branch (b) of the tendon apparently attaching to haptor tissue. AHC 29906 (specimen labeled no. 1). B. The left anterior attachment organ of B. macrocolpa showing complete ventral grooves (gr) and some incomplete grooves (ig) anterolaterally. Note the rounded papillae (rp) at the anterior extremity of the parasite. AHC 29906 (specimen labeled no. 1). C. Accessory sclerite (as) and anterior (= proximal) part of anterior hamulus (ah) on one side of haptor of B. posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963 showing route of tendon through proximal notch of accessory sclerite before attaching to proximal end of anterior hamulus with a branch (b) of the tendon apparently attaching to haptor tissue. AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 13). D. The left anterior attachment organ of B. posterocolpa showing ventral grooves (gr) and some incomplete grooves (ig) anterolaterally. Note the dorsal horn (dh) where the body and anterior attachment organ join. AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 13). Scale bars: 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196226/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
C, 8, 9A); distal tips sharply-pointed, anteriorly directed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30AFFFBFEEE40859B5D55C9" box="[262,334,1969,1995]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[332,1260,379,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[321,1266,373,1864]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Whole adult parasite, composite drawing, in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 4) with some additions by hand. For clarity, intestinal diverticula (entirely coextensive with the vitellarium) other than immediately posterior to pharynx and full extent of convolutions of vas deferens are simplified (but are shown in full in Figure 10). Abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196231/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Anterior hamuli large, stout, strongly recurved distally, 404–1,270 (613, n = 74) long, with hooked distal tips (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30AFFFBFE9D40E39BAF55F3" box="[373,444,2007,2033]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,254,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[389,1196,194,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[381,1202,194,1882]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Haptoral sclerites of adult parasite. A. Accessory sclerite. Note proximal transverse ridges (tv). B. Anterior hamulus. C. Posterior hamulus. D. Hooklet. E. Proximal ends of anterior hamulus (ah) and accessory sclerite (as) showing main tendon path (stippled) plus branch (solid) to haptor tissue (see also Figure 3 C). Scale bars: A – B, 100 µm; C, 50 µm; D, 10 µm; E, 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196232/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
B). Hooked distal tips of one or both anterior hamuli broken off and missing in 21 of 38 mounted specimens leaving blunt tips. Posterior hamuli relatively small, 46–81 (67, n = 74) long, slender with hooked distal tips (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFE574789981A52D5" box="[447,521,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,254,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[389,1196,194,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[381,1202,194,1882]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Haptoral sclerites of adult parasite. A. Accessory sclerite. Note proximal transverse ridges (tv). B. Anterior hamulus. C. Posterior hamulus. D. Hooklet. E. Proximal ends of anterior hamulus (ah) and accessory sclerite (as) showing main tendon path (stippled) plus branch (solid) to haptor tissue (see also Figure 3 C). Scale bars: A – B, 100 µm; C, 50 µm; D, 10 µm; E, 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196232/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
C); location at haptor periphery indicated by marginal indentation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFAA947899F9F52D5" box="[1345,1420,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[332,1260,379,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[321,1266,373,1864]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Whole adult parasite, composite drawing, in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 4) with some additions by hand. For clarity, intestinal diverticula (entirely coextensive with the vitellarium) other than immediately posterior to pharynx and full extent of convolutions of vas deferens are simplified (but are shown in full in Figure 10). Abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196231/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Hooklets 13–15 (13, n = 28) long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFDA347D6988552FE" box="[587,662,226,252]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,254,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[389,1196,194,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[381,1202,194,1882]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Haptoral sclerites of adult parasite. A. Accessory sclerite. Note proximal transverse ridges (tv). B. Anterior hamulus. C. Posterior hamulus. D. Hooklet. E. Proximal ends of anterior hamulus (ah) and accessory sclerite (as) showing main tendon path (stippled) plus branch (solid) to haptor tissue (see also Figure 3 C). Scale bars: A – B, 100 µm; C, 50 µm; D, 10 µm; E, 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196232/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
D); positions on posterior and posterolateral borders of haptor indicated by marginal indentations (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFDD7463C98955320" box="[575,646,264,290]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[332,1260,379,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[321,1266,373,1864]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Whole adult parasite, composite drawing, in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 4) with some additions by hand. For clarity, intestinal diverticula (entirely coextensive with the vitellarium) other than immediately posterior to pharynx and full extent of convolutions of vas deferens are simplified (but are shown in full in Figure 10). Abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196231/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tendons conspicuous, passing posteriorly from extrinsic muscles associated with haptor on each side of body; passing through notch at proximal ends of accessory sclerites before dividing, with part attaching to proximal ends of anterior hamuli and part attaching to ventral haptor tissue (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFF03464C9B255390" box="[235,310,376,402]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,254,1620,1644]" captionTargetBox="[248,1337,531,1594]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[247,1339,530,1595]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Differential interference contrast photomicrographs of haptor and anterior attachment organs from stained, mounted specimens of Benedeniella species. A. Accessory sclerite (as) and anterior (= proximal) part of anterior hamulus (ah) on one side of haptor of B. macrocolpa (Lühe, 1906) Yamaguti, 1963 showing route of tendon through proximal notch (pn) of accessory sclerite before attaching to proximal end of anterior hamulus with a branch (b) of the tendon apparently attaching to haptor tissue. AHC 29906 (specimen labeled no. 1). B. The left anterior attachment organ of B. macrocolpa showing complete ventral grooves (gr) and some incomplete grooves (ig) anterolaterally. Note the rounded papillae (rp) at the anterior extremity of the parasite. AHC 29906 (specimen labeled no. 1). C. Accessory sclerite (as) and anterior (= proximal) part of anterior hamulus (ah) on one side of haptor of B. posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963 showing route of tendon through proximal notch of accessory sclerite before attaching to proximal end of anterior hamulus with a branch (b) of the tendon apparently attaching to haptor tissue. AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 13). D. The left anterior attachment organ of B. posterocolpa showing ventral grooves (gr) and some incomplete grooves (ig) anterolaterally. Note the dorsal horn (dh) where the body and anterior attachment organ join. AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 13). Scale bars: 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196226/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
C, 9E). Marginal valve running anteriorly from position of hooklets IV on each side of haptor extending to anteriormost extremity of haptor; wider anteriorly; absence at posteriormost part of haptor (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFF7F46F69ACD53DE" box="[151,222,450,476]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[332,1260,379,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[321,1266,373,1864]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Whole adult parasite, composite drawing, in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 4) with some additions by hand. For clarity, intestinal diverticula (entirely coextensive with the vitellarium) other than immediately posterior to pharynx and full extent of convolutions of vas deferens are simplified (but are shown in full in Figure 10). Abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196231/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
) from narrowness and damage. Ventral haptor surface apapillate. Pair of elongate, conical structures dorsal to haptor near peduncle observed in stained wholemounts when viewed with dorsal surface uppermost (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFF3A45399B045025" box="[210,279,525,551]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,259,1317,1341]" captionTargetBox="[250,1335,504,1289]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[243,1344,493,1297]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Diagrammatic outlines of adult Benedeniella macrocolpa (Lühe, 1906) Yamaguti, 1963 (A) and B. posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963 (B) in dorsal view showing relative positions of paired anterior tapering horns (dh), common genital papilla (cgp; absent in B. posterocolpa), paired excretory papillae (ep) and paired conical structures (co). Drawn from several wholemounted specimens viewed dorsally. Scale bar: 4 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196228/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D30BFFFAFF2E45069E8B51E5" blockId="19.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Anterior attachment organs ventral, almost circular, saucer-like discs, 563–2,307 (1,138, n = 64) x 559–2,264 (1,076, n = 64); ventral anterolateral region bearing conspicuous, complete grooves (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFB1F456C9F535070" box="[1271,1344,600,626]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,254,1620,1644]" captionTargetBox="[248,1337,531,1594]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[247,1339,530,1595]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Differential interference contrast photomicrographs of haptor and anterior attachment organs from stained, mounted specimens of Benedeniella species. A. Accessory sclerite (as) and anterior (= proximal) part of anterior hamulus (ah) on one side of haptor of B. macrocolpa (Lühe, 1906) Yamaguti, 1963 showing route of tendon through proximal notch (pn) of accessory sclerite before attaching to proximal end of anterior hamulus with a branch (b) of the tendon apparently attaching to haptor tissue. AHC 29906 (specimen labeled no. 1). B. The left anterior attachment organ of B. macrocolpa showing complete ventral grooves (gr) and some incomplete grooves (ig) anterolaterally. Note the rounded papillae (rp) at the anterior extremity of the parasite. AHC 29906 (specimen labeled no. 1). C. Accessory sclerite (as) and anterior (= proximal) part of anterior hamulus (ah) on one side of haptor of B. posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963 showing route of tendon through proximal notch of accessory sclerite before attaching to proximal end of anterior hamulus with a branch (b) of the tendon apparently attaching to haptor tissue. AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 13). D. The left anterior attachment organ of B. posterocolpa showing ventral grooves (gr) and some incomplete grooves (ig) anterolaterally. Note the dorsal horn (dh) where the body and anterior attachment organ join. AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 13). Scale bars: 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196226/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D, 8) of variable number, 13–26 (20, n = 34). Number of grooves in juvenile individuals similar to adults. In addition to complete grooves, 0–7 (3, n = 24) incomplete grooves present, of different lengths, occupying positions between complete grooves (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFE0345FC982750E0" box="[491,564,712,738]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,254,1620,1644]" captionTargetBox="[248,1337,531,1594]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[247,1339,530,1595]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Differential interference contrast photomicrographs of haptor and anterior attachment organs from stained, mounted specimens of Benedeniella species. A. Accessory sclerite (as) and anterior (= proximal) part of anterior hamulus (ah) on one side of haptor of B. macrocolpa (Lühe, 1906) Yamaguti, 1963 showing route of tendon through proximal notch (pn) of accessory sclerite before attaching to proximal end of anterior hamulus with a branch (b) of the tendon apparently attaching to haptor tissue. AHC 29906 (specimen labeled no. 1). B. The left anterior attachment organ of B. macrocolpa showing complete ventral grooves (gr) and some incomplete grooves (ig) anterolaterally. Note the rounded papillae (rp) at the anterior extremity of the parasite. AHC 29906 (specimen labeled no. 1). C. Accessory sclerite (as) and anterior (= proximal) part of anterior hamulus (ah) on one side of haptor of B. posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963 showing route of tendon through proximal notch of accessory sclerite before attaching to proximal end of anterior hamulus with a branch (b) of the tendon apparently attaching to haptor tissue. AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 13). D. The left anterior attachment organ of B. posterocolpa showing ventral grooves (gr) and some incomplete grooves (ig) anterolaterally. Note the dorsal horn (dh) where the body and anterior attachment organ join. AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 13). Scale bars: 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196226/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D). Pair of tapering, horn-like papillae, one horn dorsal to each anterior attachment organ near junction with body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFD7D45D998CC5105" box="[661,735,749,775]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,254,1620,1644]" captionTargetBox="[248,1337,531,1594]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[247,1339,530,1595]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Differential interference contrast photomicrographs of haptor and anterior attachment organs from stained, mounted specimens of Benedeniella species. A. Accessory sclerite (as) and anterior (= proximal) part of anterior hamulus (ah) on one side of haptor of B. macrocolpa (Lühe, 1906) Yamaguti, 1963 showing route of tendon through proximal notch (pn) of accessory sclerite before attaching to proximal end of anterior hamulus with a branch (b) of the tendon apparently attaching to haptor tissue. AHC 29906 (specimen labeled no. 1). B. The left anterior attachment organ of B. macrocolpa showing complete ventral grooves (gr) and some incomplete grooves (ig) anterolaterally. Note the rounded papillae (rp) at the anterior extremity of the parasite. AHC 29906 (specimen labeled no. 1). C. Accessory sclerite (as) and anterior (= proximal) part of anterior hamulus (ah) on one side of haptor of B. posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963 showing route of tendon through proximal notch of accessory sclerite before attaching to proximal end of anterior hamulus with a branch (b) of the tendon apparently attaching to haptor tissue. AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 13). D. The left anterior attachment organ of B. posterocolpa showing ventral grooves (gr) and some incomplete grooves (ig) anterolaterally. Note the dorsal horn (dh) where the body and anterior attachment organ join. AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 13). Scale bars: 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196226/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D, 8); affinity for histological stains (e.g. carmine) in some stained specimens (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFE5944269BE4512E" box="[433,503,786,812]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,254,1620,1644]" captionTargetBox="[248,1337,531,1594]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[247,1339,530,1595]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Differential interference contrast photomicrographs of haptor and anterior attachment organs from stained, mounted specimens of Benedeniella species. A. Accessory sclerite (as) and anterior (= proximal) part of anterior hamulus (ah) on one side of haptor of B. macrocolpa (Lühe, 1906) Yamaguti, 1963 showing route of tendon through proximal notch (pn) of accessory sclerite before attaching to proximal end of anterior hamulus with a branch (b) of the tendon apparently attaching to haptor tissue. AHC 29906 (specimen labeled no. 1). B. The left anterior attachment organ of B. macrocolpa showing complete ventral grooves (gr) and some incomplete grooves (ig) anterolaterally. Note the rounded papillae (rp) at the anterior extremity of the parasite. AHC 29906 (specimen labeled no. 1). C. Accessory sclerite (as) and anterior (= proximal) part of anterior hamulus (ah) on one side of haptor of B. posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963 showing route of tendon through proximal notch of accessory sclerite before attaching to proximal end of anterior hamulus with a branch (b) of the tendon apparently attaching to haptor tissue. AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 13). D. The left anterior attachment organ of B. posterocolpa showing ventral grooves (gr) and some incomplete grooves (ig) anterolaterally. Note the dorsal horn (dh) where the body and anterior attachment organ join. AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 13). Scale bars: 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196226/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D). Eyes two pairs, pigment-shielded, dorsal, immediately anterior to pharynx. Pharynx conspicuous, 465–2,012 (914, n = 36) x 551–1,796 (852, n = 36); intrinsic gland cells numerous posteriorly. Intestinal caeca branching extensively in body proper, coextensive with and mostly obscured by vitellarium; unclear whether gut caeca confluent posteriorly. Excretory bladders conspicuous, often with lateral bend anteriorly, orientated obliquely towards body margins, each opening dorsally on distinct excretory papilla at level of cirrus base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFE1044F9985151E5" box="[504,578,973,999]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,259,1317,1341]" captionTargetBox="[250,1335,504,1289]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[243,1344,493,1297]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Diagrammatic outlines of adult Benedeniella macrocolpa (Lühe, 1906) Yamaguti, 1963 (A) and B. posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963 (B) in dorsal view showing relative positions of paired anterior tapering horns (dh), common genital papilla (cgp; absent in B. posterocolpa), paired excretory papillae (ep) and paired conical structures (co). Drawn from several wholemounted specimens viewed dorsally. Scale bar: 4 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196228/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 5</figureCitation>
|
||
B, 8, 10), with some affinity for histological stains.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D30BFFFAFF2E44C69B4454D0" blockId="19.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Testes ovoid, juxtaposed, 452–2,191 (992, n = 74) x 434–1,777 (812, n = 74); penetrated by numerous dorsoventral muscle bundles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFE10432C98535630" box="[504,576,1048,1074]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[332,1260,379,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[321,1266,373,1864]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Whole adult parasite, composite drawing, in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 4) with some additions by hand. For clarity, intestinal diverticula (entirely coextensive with the vitellarium) other than immediately posterior to pharynx and full extent of convolutions of vas deferens are simplified (but are shown in full in Figure 10). Abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196231/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Glands of Goto absent in juvenile and adult specimens. Vasa efferentia short uniting immediately posterior to germarium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFD1B4309995F5655" box="[755,844,1085,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,254,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[272,1313,206,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[257,1335,174,1790]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Anterolateral region of body (left side) of adult parasite. Composite drawing in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 3) with some additions by hand. Note that positions of some ducts (e. g. transverse vitelline duct, vas deferens and uterus) are displaced slightly for clarity. Also, common genital pore, excretory papilla and vaginal pore open dorsally and are shown here as seen by transparency. Details of junction of oviduct, common vitelline duct and ovo-vitelline duct (all these structures are dorsal to the transverse vitelline duct) are shown in Figure 11. Abbreviation: ve, vas efferens. Other abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196233/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Vas deferens skirting left of germarium, passing dorsal to transverse vitelline duct and proximal part of vagina before numerous intense convolutions occupying bulk of region immediately posterior and left of ootype chamber (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFBD943BC9E6C56A0" box="[1073,1151,1160,1186]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[332,1260,379,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[321,1266,373,1864]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Whole adult parasite, composite drawing, in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 4) with some additions by hand. For clarity, intestinal diverticula (entirely coextensive with the vitellarium) other than immediately posterior to pharynx and full extent of convolutions of vas deferens are simplified (but are shown in full in Figure 10). Abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196231/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFB6543BC9EBD56A0" box="[1165,1198,1160,1186]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,254,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[272,1313,206,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[257,1335,174,1790]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Anterolateral region of body (left side) of adult parasite. Composite drawing in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 3) with some additions by hand. Note that positions of some ducts (e. g. transverse vitelline duct, vas deferens and uterus) are displaced slightly for clarity. Also, common genital pore, excretory papilla and vaginal pore open dorsally and are shown here as seen by transparency. Details of junction of oviduct, common vitelline duct and ovo-vitelline duct (all these structures are dorsal to the transverse vitelline duct) are shown in Figure 11. Abbreviation: ve, vas efferens. Other abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196233/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">10</figureCitation>
|
||
); entering muscular wall of cirrus sac dorsally at level of anterior region of ootype chamber. Within cirrus sac, vas deferens narrowing, following posterior course dorsally to region of median turn of sac, then returning ventrally to enter base of cirrus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFE6043CC9BF35710" box="[392,480,1272,1298]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,254,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[272,1313,206,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[257,1335,174,1790]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Anterolateral region of body (left side) of adult parasite. Composite drawing in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 3) with some additions by hand. Note that positions of some ducts (e. g. transverse vitelline duct, vas deferens and uterus) are displaced slightly for clarity. Also, common genital pore, excretory papilla and vaginal pore open dorsally and are shown here as seen by transparency. Details of junction of oviduct, common vitelline duct and ovo-vitelline duct (all these structures are dorsal to the transverse vitelline duct) are shown in Figure 11. Abbreviation: ve, vas efferens. Other abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196233/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Widening of vas deferens or presence of sperm-filled reservoir inside cirrus sac not observed.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37FECC5D30BFFFAFEB842299B825735" box="[336,401,1309,1335]" name="Malta" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Male</collectingCountry>
|
||
accessory gland reservoir single, located ventrally in cirrus sac, not occupying posteriormost region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFE5C42769806575E" box="[436,533,1346,1372]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,254,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[272,1313,206,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[257,1335,174,1790]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Anterolateral region of body (left side) of adult parasite. Composite drawing in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 3) with some additions by hand. Note that positions of some ducts (e. g. transverse vitelline duct, vas deferens and uterus) are displaced slightly for clarity. Also, common genital pore, excretory papilla and vaginal pore open dorsally and are shown here as seen by transparency. Details of junction of oviduct, common vitelline duct and ovo-vitelline duct (all these structures are dorsal to the transverse vitelline duct) are shown in Figure 11. Abbreviation: ve, vas efferens. Other abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196233/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
); source of male accessory secretion not identified; no ducts observed penetrating cirrus sac proximally. Cirrus sac with muscular walls (not shown); distal two-thirds lying diagonally in body posterior to pharynx; proximal third curving medianly, immediately anterior to germarium and vitelline reservoir (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFE4D42869BE357CE" box="[421,496,1458,1484]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[332,1260,379,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[321,1266,373,1864]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Whole adult parasite, composite drawing, in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 4) with some additions by hand. For clarity, intestinal diverticula (entirely coextensive with the vitellarium) other than immediately posterior to pharynx and full extent of convolutions of vas deferens are simplified (but are shown in full in Figure 10). Abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196231/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFE154286980D57CE" box="[509,542,1458,1484]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,254,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[272,1313,206,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[257,1335,174,1790]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Anterolateral region of body (left side) of adult parasite. Composite drawing in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 3) with some additions by hand. Note that positions of some ducts (e. g. transverse vitelline duct, vas deferens and uterus) are displaced slightly for clarity. Also, common genital pore, excretory papilla and vaginal pore open dorsally and are shown here as seen by transparency. Details of junction of oviduct, common vitelline duct and ovo-vitelline duct (all these structures are dorsal to the transverse vitelline duct) are shown in Figure 11. Abbreviation: ve, vas efferens. Other abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196233/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Relationship between total length and extent of curvature of cirrus sac with total parasite length observed for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D30BFFFAFDDD42EC98FB57F3" box="[565,744,1496,1521]" class="Monogenea" family="Capsalidae" genus="Benedeniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Capsalidea" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="macrocolpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D30BFFFAFDDD42EC98FB57F3" box="[565,744,1496,1521]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">B. macrocolpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
not apparent for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D30BFFFAFC5642EC9E6D57F3" box="[958,1150,1496,1521]" class="Monogenea" family="Capsalidae" genus="Benedeniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Capsalidea" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="posterocolpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D30BFFFAFC5642EC9E6D57F3" box="[958,1150,1496,1521]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">B. posterocolpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Distal duct from male accessory gland reservoir and distal region of vas deferens uniting near base of cirrus at level of excretory papillae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFEE241169B74543E" box="[266,359,1570,1596]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,254,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[272,1313,206,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[257,1335,174,1790]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Anterolateral region of body (left side) of adult parasite. Composite drawing in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 3) with some additions by hand. Note that positions of some ducts (e. g. transverse vitelline duct, vas deferens and uterus) are displaced slightly for clarity. Also, common genital pore, excretory papilla and vaginal pore open dorsally and are shown here as seen by transparency. Details of junction of oviduct, common vitelline duct and ovo-vitelline duct (all these structures are dorsal to the transverse vitelline duct) are shown in Figure 11. Abbreviation: ve, vas efferens. Other abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196233/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cirrus long, sinuous, sometimes twisted, running anterolaterally inside terminal male genital duct, ventral to separate uterus, opening submarginally, dorsally, on left side of body at level of anterior region of pharynx via common genital pore (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFCEC4159995C5485" box="[772,847,1645,1671]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[332,1260,379,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[321,1266,373,1864]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Whole adult parasite, composite drawing, in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 4) with some additions by hand. For clarity, intestinal diverticula (entirely coextensive with the vitellarium) other than immediately posterior to pharynx and full extent of convolutions of vas deferens are simplified (but are shown in full in Figure 10). Abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196231/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFCB44159996F5485" box="[860,892,1645,1671]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,254,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[272,1313,206,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[257,1335,174,1790]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Anterolateral region of body (left side) of adult parasite. Composite drawing in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 3) with some additions by hand. Note that positions of some ducts (e. g. transverse vitelline duct, vas deferens and uterus) are displaced slightly for clarity. Also, common genital pore, excretory papilla and vaginal pore open dorsally and are shown here as seen by transparency. Details of junction of oviduct, common vitelline duct and ovo-vitelline duct (all these structures are dorsal to the transverse vitelline duct) are shown in Figure 11. Abbreviation: ve, vas efferens. Other abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196233/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">10</figureCitation>
|
||
); common genital papilla not observed. Cirrus eversible outside animal to length of 0.4–2.9 (2.0, n = 30 measured along curves from wholemounted adult specimens) mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D30BFFFDFF2E41E998365320" blockId="19.[151,1437,152,2007]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1437,152,1410]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Germarium immediately pretesticular with conspicuous, branched, expanded fertilisation chamber ventrally at mid-line (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFE7C40369BCD551E" box="[404,478,1794,1820]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[332,1260,379,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[321,1266,373,1864]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Whole adult parasite, composite drawing, in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 4) with some additions by hand. For clarity, intestinal diverticula (entirely coextensive with the vitellarium) other than immediately posterior to pharynx and full extent of convolutions of vas deferens are simplified (but are shown in full in Figure 10). Abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196231/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFE0340369818551E" box="[491,523,1794,1820]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,254,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[272,1313,206,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[257,1335,174,1790]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Anterolateral region of body (left side) of adult parasite. Composite drawing in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 3) with some additions by hand. Note that positions of some ducts (e. g. transverse vitelline duct, vas deferens and uterus) are displaced slightly for clarity. Also, common genital pore, excretory papilla and vaginal pore open dorsally and are shown here as seen by transparency. Details of junction of oviduct, common vitelline duct and ovo-vitelline duct (all these structures are dorsal to the transverse vitelline duct) are shown in Figure 11. Abbreviation: ve, vas efferens. Other abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196233/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">10</figureCitation>
|
||
), containing ripe oocytes. Oviduct short, wide, joining short common vitelline duct from vitelline reservoir to form ovo-vitelline duct immediately pregermarial, dorsal to transverse vitelline duct (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFEAE40799B8F5565" box="[326,412,1869,1895]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,254,1441,1465]" captionTargetBox="[172,1423,210,1395]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,194,1420]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Region of germarium, transverse vitelline duct, vitelline reservoir and ootype in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 3) with some additions by hand. Note that full extent of the transverse vitelline duct (dotted lines) is not shown and cirrus sac is omitted (see Figures 8 and 10 for details) to depict the junction of oviduct (ov) and common vitelline duct (cv) to form the ovovitelline duct (ovo) which is dorsal to the transverse vitelline duct. Abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196234/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ovo-vitelline duct long, winding, travelling anteriorly to join ootype (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFAEA40799F735565" box="[1282,1376,1869,1895]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,254,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[272,1313,206,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[257,1335,174,1790]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Anterolateral region of body (left side) of adult parasite. Composite drawing in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 3) with some additions by hand. Note that positions of some ducts (e. g. transverse vitelline duct, vas deferens and uterus) are displaced slightly for clarity. Also, common genital pore, excretory papilla and vaginal pore open dorsally and are shown here as seen by transparency. Details of junction of oviduct, common vitelline duct and ovo-vitelline duct (all these structures are dorsal to the transverse vitelline duct) are shown in Figure 11. Abbreviation: ve, vas efferens. Other abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196233/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 10</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFA8640799F9D5565" box="[1390,1422,1869,1895]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,254,1441,1465]" captionTargetBox="[172,1423,210,1395]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,194,1420]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Region of germarium, transverse vitelline duct, vitelline reservoir and ootype in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 3) with some additions by hand. Note that full extent of the transverse vitelline duct (dotted lines) is not shown and cirrus sac is omitted (see Figures 8 and 10 for details) to depict the junction of oviduct (ov) and common vitelline duct (cv) to form the ovovitelline duct (ovo) which is dorsal to the transverse vitelline duct. Abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196234/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">11</figureCitation>
|
||
). Numerous fine gland ducts entering ovo-vitelline duct at base of proximal region of ootype (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFB0D40469F21558E" box="[1253,1330,1906,1932]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[332,1260,379,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[321,1266,373,1864]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Whole adult parasite, composite drawing, in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 4) with some additions by hand. For clarity, intestinal diverticula (entirely coextensive with the vitellarium) other than immediately posterior to pharynx and full extent of convolutions of vas deferens are simplified (but are shown in full in Figure 10). Abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196231/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFAA840469F73558E" box="[1344,1376,1906,1932]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,254,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[272,1313,206,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[257,1335,174,1790]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Anterolateral region of body (left side) of adult parasite. Composite drawing in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 3) with some additions by hand. Note that positions of some ducts (e. g. transverse vitelline duct, vas deferens and uterus) are displaced slightly for clarity. Also, common genital pore, excretory papilla and vaginal pore open dorsally and are shown here as seen by transparency. Details of junction of oviduct, common vitelline duct and ovo-vitelline duct (all these structures are dorsal to the transverse vitelline duct) are shown in Figure 11. Abbreviation: ve, vas efferens. Other abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196233/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">10</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30BFFFAFA8540469F9F558E" box="[1389,1420,1906,1932]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,254,1441,1465]" captionTargetBox="[172,1423,210,1395]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,194,1420]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Region of germarium, transverse vitelline duct, vitelline reservoir and ootype in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 3) with some additions by hand. Note that full extent of the transverse vitelline duct (dotted lines) is not shown and cirrus sac is omitted (see Figures 8 and 10 for details) to depict the junction of oviduct (ov) and common vitelline duct (cv) to form the ovovitelline duct (ovo) which is dorsal to the transverse vitelline duct. Abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196234/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">11</figureCitation>
|
||
); many small gland cells (not shown) located in curve of cirrus sac, right of ovo-vitelline duct. Ootype with convoluted proximal duct leading to tetrahedral-shaped chamber at level of excretory bladders, joining uterus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30CFFFDFF7747AC9AE452B0" box="[159,247,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,254,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[272,1313,206,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[257,1335,174,1790]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Anterolateral region of body (left side) of adult parasite. Composite drawing in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 3) with some additions by hand. Note that positions of some ducts (e. g. transverse vitelline duct, vas deferens and uterus) are displaced slightly for clarity. Also, common genital pore, excretory papilla and vaginal pore open dorsally and are shown here as seen by transparency. Details of junction of oviduct, common vitelline duct and ovo-vitelline duct (all these structures are dorsal to the transverse vitelline duct) are shown in Figure 11. Abbreviation: ve, vas efferens. Other abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196233/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Uterus long, following similar but dorsal course parallel to terminal male genital duct, uniting short distance from common genital pore (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30CFFFDFDB4478998AB52D5" box="[604,696,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,254,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[272,1313,206,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[257,1335,174,1790]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Anterolateral region of body (left side) of adult parasite. Composite drawing in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 3) with some additions by hand. Note that positions of some ducts (e. g. transverse vitelline duct, vas deferens and uterus) are displaced slightly for clarity. Also, common genital pore, excretory papilla and vaginal pore open dorsally and are shown here as seen by transparency. Details of junction of oviduct, common vitelline duct and ovo-vitelline duct (all these structures are dorsal to the transverse vitelline duct) are shown in Figure 11. Abbreviation: ve, vas efferens. Other abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196233/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
; see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D30CFFFDFCC647899E6D52D5" author="Kearn" box="[814,1150,189,215]" pageId="20" pageNumber="28" refString="Kearn, G. C. & Whittington, I. D. (1992) Diversity of reproductive behaviour in platyhelminth parasites: insemination in some benedeniine (capsalid) monogeneans. Parasitology, 104, 489 - 496." type="journal article" year="1992">Kearn & Whittington 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Common genital duct short, opening dorsomarginally at common genital pore at level of anterior part of pharynx (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30CFFFDFB0D47D69F2152FE" box="[1253,1330,226,252]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[332,1260,379,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[321,1266,373,1864]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Whole adult parasite, composite drawing, in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 4) with some additions by hand. For clarity, intestinal diverticula (entirely coextensive with the vitellarium) other than immediately posterior to pharynx and full extent of convolutions of vas deferens are simplified (but are shown in full in Figure 10). Abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196231/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30CFFFDFAA847D69F7252FE" box="[1344,1377,226,252]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,254,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[272,1313,206,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[257,1335,174,1790]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Anterolateral region of body (left side) of adult parasite. Composite drawing in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 3) with some additions by hand. Note that positions of some ducts (e. g. transverse vitelline duct, vas deferens and uterus) are displaced slightly for clarity. Also, common genital pore, excretory papilla and vaginal pore open dorsally and are shown here as seen by transparency. Details of junction of oviduct, common vitelline duct and ovo-vitelline duct (all these structures are dorsal to the transverse vitelline duct) are shown in Figure 11. Abbreviation: ve, vas efferens. Other abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196233/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">10</figureCitation>
|
||
). No common genital papilla observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D30CFFFDFF2D461999EA504E" blockId="20.[151,1437,152,1410]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Vitelline reservoir ventral, curving anteromedianly near proximal end of cirrus sac. Vagina 1.2–5.7 (2.6, n = 38, measured along curves) mm long; originating proximally via narrow duct from left dorsal margin of vitelline reservoir. No seminal receptacles or proximal specialisations to vagina. Vagina following posterolateral path dorsal to transverse vitelline ducts to a level posterior to testes, opening posteriorly, dorsomarginally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30CFFFDFE9946F69BD253DE" box="[369,449,450,476]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[332,1260,379,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[321,1266,373,1864]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Whole adult parasite, composite drawing, in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 4) with some additions by hand. For clarity, intestinal diverticula (entirely coextensive with the vitellarium) other than immediately posterior to pharynx and full extent of convolutions of vas deferens are simplified (but are shown in full in Figure 10). Abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196231/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30CFFFDFE3846F69BE153DE" box="[464,498,450,476]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,254,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[272,1313,206,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[257,1335,174,1790]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Anterolateral region of body (left side) of adult parasite. Composite drawing in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 3) with some additions by hand. Note that positions of some ducts (e. g. transverse vitelline duct, vas deferens and uterus) are displaced slightly for clarity. Also, common genital pore, excretory papilla and vaginal pore open dorsally and are shown here as seen by transparency. Details of junction of oviduct, common vitelline duct and ovo-vitelline duct (all these structures are dorsal to the transverse vitelline duct) are shown in Figure 11. Abbreviation: ve, vas efferens. Other abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196233/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Vitellarium follicular, extending from between anterior attachment organs almost to posterior extremity of body proper, coextensive with intestinal caeca (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30CFFFDFB6346DC9ECA5000" box="[1163,1241,488,514]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[332,1260,379,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[321,1266,373,1864]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Benedeniella posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963. Whole adult parasite, composite drawing, in ventral view based on AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 4) with some additions by hand. For clarity, intestinal diverticula (entirely coextensive with the vitellarium) other than immediately posterior to pharynx and full extent of convolutions of vas deferens are simplified (but are shown in full in Figure 10). Abbreviations as for Figures 1 and 6. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196231/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Free eggs not observed; in some mounted specimens, eggs observed inside ootype, with tetrahedral shape and appendage; no egg measurements made due to distortion during specimen processing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C372FFDED30CFFFDFF2E45639F225780" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D30CFFFDFF2E45639EFB51E5" blockId="20.[151,1437,152,1410]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D30CFFFDFF2E45639B515073" bold="true" box="[198,322,599,625]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
The anatomy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D30CFFFDFDE3456C98D75073" box="[523,708,600,625]" class="Monogenea" family="Capsalidae" genus="Benedeniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Capsalidea" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="posterocolpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D30CFFFDFDE3456C98D75073" box="[523,708,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">B. posterocolpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
presented here is consistent in most respects with the original description by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D30CFFFDFEA045499BFE5095" author="Hargis" box="[328,493,637,663]" pageId="20" pageNumber="28" refString="Hargis, W. J. Jr. (1955) Monogenetic trematodes of Gulf of Mexico fishes. Part V. The superfamily Capsaloidea. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 74, 203 - 225." type="journal article" year="1955">Hargis (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and additional details provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D30CFFFDFC7945499E745095" author="McMahon" box="[913,1127,637,663]" pageId="20" pageNumber="29" refString="McMahon, J. W. (1963) Monogenetic trematodes from some Chesapeake Bay fishes. Part I: The superfamilies Capsaloidea Price, 1936 and Diclidophoroidea Price, 1936. Chesapeake Science, 4, 151 - 160." type="journal article" year="1963">McMahon (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The principal differences reported here relate to the arrangement of the terminal female and male genital systems.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D30CFFFDFB0745969F8F50BE" author="Hargis" box="[1263,1436,674,700]" pageId="20" pageNumber="28" refString="Hargis, W. J. Jr. (1955) Monogenetic trematodes of Gulf of Mexico fishes. Part V. The superfamily Capsaloidea. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 74, 203 - 225." type="journal article" year="1955">Hargis (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described separate female, male and vaginal pores in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D30CFFFDFCFA45FC99DF50E3" box="[786,972,712,737]" class="Monogenea" family="Capsalidae" genus="Benedeniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Capsalidea" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="posterocolpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D30CFFFDFCFA45FC99DF50E3" box="[786,972,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">B. posterocolpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
whereas in the present study, the same arrangement as described for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D30CFFFDFE1945D9988F5104" box="[497,668,749,774]" class="Monogenea" family="Capsalidae" genus="Benedeniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Capsalidea" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="macrocolpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D30CFFFDFE1945D9988F5104" box="[497,668,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">B. macrocolpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above) is confirmed and agrees with the opinion of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D30CFFFDFADE45D99B99512E" author="Kearn" pageId="20" pageNumber="28" refString="Kearn, G. C. & Whittington, I. D. (1992) Diversity of reproductive behaviour in platyhelminth parasites: insemination in some benedeniine (capsalid) monogeneans. Parasitology, 104, 489 - 496." type="journal article" year="1992">Kearn & Whittington (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D30CFFFDFE50442698695129" box="[440,634,786,811]" class="Monogenea" family="Capsalidae" genus="Benedeniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Capsalidea" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="posterocolpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D30CFFFDFE50442698695129" box="[440,634,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">B. posterocolpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the uterus is very long, running dorsal to, and parallel with, the separate long terminal male genital duct, with the female and male systems uniting distally near the dorsal common genital pore. Hargis’s (1955) description of the uterine pore opening dorsal to the left bifurcation of the major gut branches (see his Plate V, figure 38) was clearly an error.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D30CFFFDFC3D44B69E6B519E" author="Hargis" box="[981,1144,898,924]" pageId="20" pageNumber="28" refString="Hargis, W. J. Jr. (1955) Monogenetic trematodes of Gulf of Mexico fishes. Part V. The superfamily Capsaloidea. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 74, 203 - 225." type="journal article" year="1955">Hargis (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also referred to ‘prostate glands’ (= male accessory glands) in 2 large fields close to the excretory bladders, but these glands were not observed in the present study and may be associated with differences in specimen preparation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D30CFFFDFF2E44C69B1A56EE" blockId="20.[151,1437,152,1410]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
The route of conspicuous tendons in the haptor and, after dividing, their partial association with the proximal ends of the accessory sclerites and anterior hamuli and the presence of complete and some incomplete grooves on the anterior attachment organs, were also noted in this redescription of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D30CFFFDFA6943099B3C567E" class="Monogenea" family="Capsalidae" genus="Benedeniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Capsalidea" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="posterocolpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D30CFFFDFA6943099B3C567E" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">B. posterocolpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D30CFFFDFED643569BF0567E" author="Hargis" box="[318,483,1122,1148]" pageId="20" pageNumber="28" refString="Hargis, W. J. Jr. (1955) Monogenetic trematodes of Gulf of Mexico fishes. Part V. The superfamily Capsaloidea. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 74, 203 - 225." type="journal article" year="1955">Hargis (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
illustrated the route of tendons in the haptor of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D30CFFFDFBF443579EC4567E" box="[1052,1239,1123,1148]" class="Monogenea" family="Capsalidae" genus="Benedeniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Capsalidea" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="posterocolpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D30CFFFDFBF443579EC4567E" box="[1052,1239,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">B. posterocolpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see his Plate V, figure 38), but did not describe them. However Hargis did refer to the anterior attachment organs as follows: ‘anterior half curiously striated’. In the present study, 13–26 complete and 0–7 incomplete grooves were observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD7AC55D30CFFFDFF2E43CC9F225780" blockId="20.[151,1437,152,1410]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
The presence of horn-like dorsal structures identified on the anterior attachment organs by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF9D1A4D30CFFFDFACA43CC9AFB5735" author="McMahon" pageId="20" pageNumber="29" refString="McMahon, J. W. (1963) Monogenetic trematodes from some Chesapeake Bay fishes. Part I: The superfamilies Capsaloidea Price, 1936 and Diclidophoroidea Price, 1936. Chesapeake Science, 4, 151 - 160." type="journal article" year="1963">McMahon (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is confirmed here. Other dorsal features (papillae associated with the excretory bladders; elongate conical structures associated with the haptor near the peduncle) are reported here for the first time in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D30CFFFDFA6A42779B3C5783" class="Monogenea" family="Capsalidae" genus="Benedeniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Capsalidea" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="posterocolpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D30CFFFDFA6A42779B3C5783" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">B. posterocolpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1353B0D0D30CFFFDFE99425C9BAA5780" box="[369,441,1384,1410]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,254,1620,1644]" captionTargetBox="[248,1337,531,1594]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[247,1339,530,1595]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Differential interference contrast photomicrographs of haptor and anterior attachment organs from stained, mounted specimens of Benedeniella species. A. Accessory sclerite (as) and anterior (= proximal) part of anterior hamulus (ah) on one side of haptor of B. macrocolpa (Lühe, 1906) Yamaguti, 1963 showing route of tendon through proximal notch (pn) of accessory sclerite before attaching to proximal end of anterior hamulus with a branch (b) of the tendon apparently attaching to haptor tissue. AHC 29906 (specimen labeled no. 1). B. The left anterior attachment organ of B. macrocolpa showing complete ventral grooves (gr) and some incomplete grooves (ig) anterolaterally. Note the rounded papillae (rp) at the anterior extremity of the parasite. AHC 29906 (specimen labeled no. 1). C. Accessory sclerite (as) and anterior (= proximal) part of anterior hamulus (ah) on one side of haptor of B. posterocolpa (Hargis, 1955) Yamaguti, 1963 showing route of tendon through proximal notch of accessory sclerite before attaching to proximal end of anterior hamulus with a branch (b) of the tendon apparently attaching to haptor tissue. AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 13). D. The left anterior attachment organ of B. posterocolpa showing ventral grooves (gr) and some incomplete grooves (ig) anterolaterally. Note the dorsal horn (dh) where the body and anterior attachment organ join. AHC 29911 (specimen labeled no. 13). Scale bars: 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196226/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D, 5B, 8). These dorsal features are shared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C68D7D6D30CFFFDFC18425C9E8F5783" box="[1008,1180,1384,1409]" class="Monogenea" family="Capsalidae" genus="Benedeniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Capsalidea" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="macrocolpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91C7047D30CFFFDFC18425C9E8F5783" box="[1008,1180,1384,1409]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">B. macrocolpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |