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209 lines
21 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.893.39594" ID-GBIF-Dataset="69c65e42-e749-4554-a978-632f5c9f1e71" ID-PMC="PMC6901610" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-893-21" ID-Pensoft-UUID="50078503026A5CE5BD639CC2246EA2E7" ID-PubMed="31844399" ID-ZooBank="87F5A01B2AE74D5CB38EDEFA512DFE89" ModsDocID="1313-2970-893-21" checkinTime="1575325056216" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., Rizzo, Alexandra E., Leon-Gonzalez, J. Angel de & Brauko, Kalina M." docDate="2019" docId="3069AF526C225A2183CDB37B96B0E7BC" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 893: 21-50" docOrigin="ZooKeys 893" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.893.39594" docTitle="Sigambra diazi Salazar-Vallejo, Rizzo, Leon-Gonzalez & Brauko, 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="50078503026A5CE5BD639CC2246EA2E7" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="50078503026A5CE5BD639CC2246EA2E7" masterDocTitle="Four new Caribbean Sigambra species (Annelida, Pilargidae), and clarifications of three other Sigambra species" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1668168159310" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Four new Caribbean Sigambra species (Annelida, Pilargidae), and clarifications of three other Sigambra species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rizzo, Alexandra E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Leon-Gonzalez, J. Angel de</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Brauko, Kalina M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>893</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>21</mods:start>
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<mods:end>50</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.893.39594</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.893.39594</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-893-21</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">87F5A01B2AE74D5CB38EDEFA512DFE89</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">50078503026A5CE5BD639CC2246EA2E7</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="160612183" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3069AF526C225A2183CDB37B96B0E7BC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3069AF526C225A2183CDB37B96B0E7BC" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
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<taxonomicName LSID="3069AF52-6C22-5A21-83CD-B37B96B0E7BC" class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Sigambra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sigambra diazi" order="Annelida" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="diazi">Sigambra diazi</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="21">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Sigambra diazi sp. nov. A holotype (ECOSUR 214), stained with Shirlastain-A, anterior region, dorsal view B same, frontal view of pharynx C Chaetiger 16, right parapodium, anterior view (arrow points to gonopore; inset: notohook) D Paratype (ECOSUR 215), stained with methyl green, posterior end, dorsal view E Chaetiger 40, right parapodium, anterior view (arrow points to gonopore; inset: hypertrophied gonopore with sperm, indicated with an asterisk, and central pectinate neurochaetae). Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, B), 150 µm (C), 0.1 mm (D), 90 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.893.39594.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/361259" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.893.39594.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Sigambra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sigambra tentaculata" order="Annelida" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tentaculata">Sigambra tentaculata</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Linero-Arana, I" journalOrPublisher="Boletin del Instituto Oceanografico, Universidad de Oriente" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="67 - 70" publicationUrl="http://ri2.bib.udo.edu.ve/bitstream/123456789/4080/1/04-Linero.pdf" refId="B37" refString="Linero-Arana, I, Diaz-Diaz, O, 2005. Notes on some pilargid polychaetes (Annelida) from Venezuela. Boletin del Instituto Oceanografico, Universidad de Oriente 44: 67 - 70" title="Notes on some pilargid polychaetes (Annelida) from Venezuela." url="http://ri2.bib.udo.edu.ve/bitstream/123456789/4080/1/04-Linero.pdf" volume="44" year="2005">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Liñero-Arana">Linero-Arana</normalizedToken>
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and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Díaz-Díaz">Diaz-Diaz</normalizedToken>
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2005
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 68-69, fig. 2 (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">non</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Treadwell, AL" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 4" publicationUrl="http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/handle/2246/4787" refId="B54" refString="Treadwell, AL, 1941. Polychaetous annelids from the New England Region, Porto Rico and Brazil. American Museum Novitates 1138: 1 - 4" title="Polychaetous annelids from the New England Region, Porto Rico and Brazil." url="http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/handle/2246/4787" volume="1138" year="1941">Treadwell 1941</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Holotype</emphasis>
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(ECOSUR 214) and
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">paratype</emphasis>
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(ECOSUR 215), southern Caribbean, Venezuela, Laguna de Chacopata (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="50" value="10.663889">10°39'50"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="63" direction="west" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="-63.808334">63°48'30"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 1.5 m, sediments, 15 May 2000, O.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Díaz-Díaz">Diaz-Diaz</normalizedToken>
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, coll.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Sigambra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sigambra" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Sigambra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with median antenna reaching chaetiger 5-7, twice as long as laterals; tentacular segment four times wider than long, anterior margin smooth; dorsal cirri larger than ventral ones; chaetiger 2 without ventral cirri; notopodia with dorsal hooks and capillaries from chaetiger 4-5; median and posterior chaetigers with ventral cirri reaching neuropodial lobes tips; pharynx with 13-16 marginal papillae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
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Holotype (ECOSUR 214) an anterior fragment, 7.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, 41 chaetigers, right parapodia of chaetigers 16 and 40 removed for observing parapodial features. Body obconic, cylindrical along chaetigers 1-22, depressed thereafter. Dorsal integument rugose, weakly areolate, especially along chaetigers 4-16 (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Sigambra diazi sp. nov. A holotype (ECOSUR 214), stained with Shirlastain-A, anterior region, dorsal view B same, frontal view of pharynx C Chaetiger 16, right parapodium, anterior view (arrow points to gonopore; inset: notohook) D Paratype (ECOSUR 215), stained with methyl green, posterior end, dorsal view E Chaetiger 40, right parapodium, anterior view (arrow points to gonopore; inset: hypertrophied gonopore with sperm, indicated with an asterisk, and central pectinate neurochaetae). Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, B), 150 µm (C), 0.1 mm (D), 90 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.893.39594.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/361259" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.893.39594.figure2">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Prostomium blunt, three times wider than long. Palps with palpophores massive, directed ventrally, palpostyles digitate, with a basal oblique mark; interpalpal area distinct, right longitudinal depression better defined than left one, expanded posteriorly. Antennae tapered, median antenna twice as long as laterals, laterals barely surpassing palp tips, median antenna reaching chaetiger 2-3. Lateral antennal depressions distinct, more or less parallel to anterior margin of tentacular segment.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
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Pharynx barely exposed (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Sigambra diazi sp. nov. A holotype (ECOSUR 214), stained with Shirlastain-A, anterior region, dorsal view B same, frontal view of pharynx C Chaetiger 16, right parapodium, anterior view (arrow points to gonopore; inset: notohook) D Paratype (ECOSUR 215), stained with methyl green, posterior end, dorsal view E Chaetiger 40, right parapodium, anterior view (arrow points to gonopore; inset: hypertrophied gonopore with sperm, indicated with an asterisk, and central pectinate neurochaetae). Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, B), 150 µm (C), 0.1 mm (D), 90 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.893.39594.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/361259" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.893.39594.figure2">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
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). Basal ring not exposed. Distal margin with 14 papillae, four centrolateral ones twice larger than others, each papilla prismatic, tips globular, variably developed.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Tentacular segment three times wider than long; dorsal tentacular cirri slightly longer than ventral ones, approximately half as long as dorsal cirri of chaetiger 1.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
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Parapodial cirri tapered throughout body. Dorsal cirri tapered, not basally expanded, longer than ventral ones (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Sigambra diazi sp. nov. A holotype (ECOSUR 214), stained with Shirlastain-A, anterior region, dorsal view B same, frontal view of pharynx C Chaetiger 16, right parapodium, anterior view (arrow points to gonopore; inset: notohook) D Paratype (ECOSUR 215), stained with methyl green, posterior end, dorsal view E Chaetiger 40, right parapodium, anterior view (arrow points to gonopore; inset: hypertrophied gonopore with sperm, indicated with an asterisk, and central pectinate neurochaetae). Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, B), 150 µm (C), 0.1 mm (D), 90 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.893.39594.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/361259" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.893.39594.figure2">Fig. 2C, D</figureCitation>
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). Ventral cirri shorter than neurochaetal lobes in anterior chaetigers, as long as neurochaetal lobes in median and posterior chaetigers, missing on chaetiger 2. Prechaetal lobe truncate, not projected along its upper margin, postchaetal lobes long, acute. Anterior and median parapodia with hypertrophied gonopores, some showing abundant sperm (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Sigambra diazi sp. nov. A holotype (ECOSUR 214), stained with Shirlastain-A, anterior region, dorsal view B same, frontal view of pharynx C Chaetiger 16, right parapodium, anterior view (arrow points to gonopore; inset: notohook) D Paratype (ECOSUR 215), stained with methyl green, posterior end, dorsal view E Chaetiger 40, right parapodium, anterior view (arrow points to gonopore; inset: hypertrophied gonopore with sperm, indicated with an asterisk, and central pectinate neurochaetae). Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, B), 150 µm (C), 0.1 mm (D), 90 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.893.39594.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/361259" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.893.39594.figure2">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
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, inset).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Notochaetae include dorsal hooks from chaetiger 4, heads of hooks fully exposed initially, progressively larger and exposing handles; one accessory capillary present from chaetiger 13. Neurochaetae include three or four short wide pectinates, approximately ten large thin pectinates, and many long finely denticulate capillaries.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
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Posterior region missing. In paratype tapered to a blunt cone (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Sigambra diazi sp. nov. A holotype (ECOSUR 214), stained with Shirlastain-A, anterior region, dorsal view B same, frontal view of pharynx C Chaetiger 16, right parapodium, anterior view (arrow points to gonopore; inset: notohook) D Paratype (ECOSUR 215), stained with methyl green, posterior end, dorsal view E Chaetiger 40, right parapodium, anterior view (arrow points to gonopore; inset: hypertrophied gonopore with sperm, indicated with an asterisk, and central pectinate neurochaetae). Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, B), 150 µm (C), 0.1 mm (D), 90 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.893.39594.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/361259" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.893.39594.figure2">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
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). Pygidium laterally expanded, anus terminal, anal cirri ventrolateral, as long as last five or six chaetigers.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Oocytes not seen in parapodial spaces.</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.893.39594.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/361259" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Sigambra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sigambra diazi" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="diazi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Sigambra diazi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">A</emphasis>
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holotype (ECOSUR 214), stained with Shirlastain-A, anterior region, dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">B</emphasis>
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same, frontal view of pharynx
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">C</emphasis>
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Chaetiger 16, right parapodium, anterior view (arrow points to gonopore; inset: notohook)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">D</emphasis>
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Paratype (ECOSUR 215), stained with methyl green, posterior end, dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">E</emphasis>
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Chaetiger 40, right parapodium, anterior view (arrow points to gonopore; inset: hypertrophied gonopore with sperm, indicated with an asterisk, and central pectinate neurochaetae). Scale bars: 0.3 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">A, B</emphasis>
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), 150
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">C</emphasis>
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), 0.1 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">D</emphasis>
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), 90
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">E</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
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This species is named after Oscar
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Díaz-Díaz">Diaz-Diaz</normalizedToken>
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, Venezuelan polychaete specialist, working now in Chile, as a modest homage to his many publications on polychaetes, and especially because he sampled and processed the specimens including this newly described species. The specific epithet is a noun in the genitive case (
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<bibRefCitation author="Hoil-Baeza, JA" journalOrPublisher="British Museum (Natural History), London" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" publicationUrl="http://www.iczn.org/iczn/index.jsp" refId="B32" refString="1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (4th edn). British Museum (Natural History), London" title="International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (4 th edn)." url="http://www.iczn.org/iczn/index.jsp" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
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, Art. 31.1.2).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="variation">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Variations.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">The paratype was complete. It is 9.5 mm long with 70 chaetigers, but last three chaetigers are hookless. The median antenna is twice as long as the laterals, and the tentacular cirri reach chaetiger 2 or 3 as in the holotype. In the paratype the dorsal hooks start on chaetiger 4, as in the holotype, but although in the holotype the additional capillary is seen from chaetiger 13, in the paratype they are visible from chaetiger 24.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Sigambra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sigambra diazi" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="diazi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Sigambra diazi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. resembles
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. tentaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="tentaculata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">S. tentaculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Treadwell, 1941) and it has been identified as such in previous studies, but the redescription by
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<bibRefCitation author="Moreira, J" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de Biologie Marine" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" pagination="99 - 109" publicationUrl="http://application.sb-roscoff.fr/cbm/downloadpdf.htm?execution=e6s1" refId="B40" refString="Moreira, J, Parapar, J, 2002. Redescription of Sigambratentaculata and re-establishment of S.parva (Polychaeta, Pilargidae) based upon type material. Cahiers de Biologie Marine 43: 99 - 109" title="Redescription of Sigambratentaculata and re-establishment of S. parva (Polychaeta, Pilargidae) based upon type material." url="http://application.sb-roscoff.fr/cbm/downloadpdf.htm?execution=e6s1" volume="43" year="2002">Moreira and Parapar (2002)</bibRefCitation>
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of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. tentaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="tentaculata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">S. tentaculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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helps for clarifying their differences. They differ in the relative shape of dorsal cirri, and in the size of ventral cirri in comparison to neurochaetal lobe. In
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. diazi" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="diazi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">S. diazi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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dorsal cirri are tapered, without basal enlargement, and ventral cirri in median and posterior chaetigers are as long as neurochaetal lobes, whereas in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. tentaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="tentaculata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="21">S. tentaculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, dorsal cirri are basally widened, and ventral cirri are shorter than neurochaetal lobes along body.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21">Only known from the southern Caribbean coast of Venezuela, in shallow muddy bottoms.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |