218 lines
17 KiB
XML
218 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.1040973" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9d2c1913-225a-4801-aa8c-817ac9c399bb" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1040973" approvalRequired="3" approvalRequired_for_bibRefs="3" checkinTime="1509650296584" checkinUser="jeremy" docAuthor="Russell, Dale A." docDate="1970" docId="03E3C8185449532FFF6CC96E354EFADF" docLanguage="en" docName="Russel_1970_Tyrannosaurus rex_Gorgosaurus lancensis(almost done).pdf.imf" docOrigin="Ottawa: National Museum of Natural Sciences, Publications in Palaeontology, No. 1" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Tyrannosaurus Osborn 1905" docType="treatment" docVersion="18" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="FFDAB06054525333FFBFC024312CFFF2" masterDocTitle="Tyrannosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western Canada" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1663157316221" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Tyrannosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western Canada</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell, Dale A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>1970</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">1970-01-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>National Museum of Natural Sciences, Publications in Palaeontology, No. 1</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Ottawa</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:classification>book</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.1040973</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">9d2c1913-225a-4801-aa8c-817ac9c399bb</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1040973</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3483002" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157407529" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3483002" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3C8185449532FFF6CC96E354EFADF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E3C8185449532FFF6CC96E354EFADF" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="27" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection box="[211,1082,2378,2410]" pageId="27" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="27.[210,1841,2378,2841]" box="[211,1082,2378,2410]" pageId="27" pageNumber="18">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[357,816,2378,2408]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="27" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[357,650,2380,2407]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="18">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[667,1082,2378,2410]" genus="Tyrannosaurus" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D7D6DF08-5B63-4810-926D-AA0920D76FE5 " kingdom="Animalia" page="259" pageId="27" pageNumber="18" rank="genus" treatmentCitationLabel="equals">
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<bibRefCitation author="OSBORN, H. F." box="[667,934,2378,2410]" journalOrPublisher="American Museum of Natural History Bulletin" pageId="27" pageNumber="18" pagination="259 - 265" part="21" refId="ref12056" refString="OSBORN, H. F. (1905). Tyrannosaurus and other Cretaceous carnivorous dinosaurs. American Museum of Natural History Bulletin 21: 259 - 265." title="Tyrannosaurus and other Cretaceous carnivorous dinosaurs" type="journal article" year="1905">
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<httpUri box="[667,816,2378,2408]" httpUri="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/html/03CD8786FF91FFEC394FFE0D7AEDF9A7" pageId="27" pageNumber="18">Osborn</httpUri>
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1905
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</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 259
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[210,878,2451,2481]" pageId="27" pageNumber="18" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="27.[210,1841,2378,2841]" box="[210,878,2451,2481]" pageId="27" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis box="[210,311,2451,2481]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="18">Type</emphasis>
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species:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[505,878,2453,2480]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="27" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rex">
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<emphasis box="[505,878,2453,2480]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="18">Tyrannosaurus rex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[214,1626,2521,2554]" pageId="27" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="27.[210,1841,2378,2841]" box="[214,1626,2521,2554]" pageId="27" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis box="[214,409,2527,2553]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="18">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis box="[438,511,2528,2554]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="18">See</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1906" box="[529,794,2524,2554]" genus="Tyrannosaurus" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E78790-FFD4-FF80-1145-FE67FE7AFBFD" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="27" pageNumber="18" rank="species" species="rex" treatmentCitationLabel="belongsTo">
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<bibRefCitation author="OSBORN, H. F." box="[529,794,2524,2554]" firstAuthor="Osborn" journalOrPublisher="American Museum of Natural History Bulletin" pageId="27" pageNumber="18" pagination="281 - 296" part="22" refId="ref12085" refString="(1906). Tyrannosaurus, upper Cretaceous carnivorous dinosaur (second communication). American Museum of Natural History Bulletin 22: 281 - 296." title="Tyrannosaurus, upper Cretaceous carnivorous dinosaur (second communication)" type="journal article" year="1906">Osborn 1906</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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,
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<treatmentCitation author="Osborn" authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1912" box="[825,918,2529,2553]" genus="Tyrannosaurus" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9C2F87CB-D538-FFCB-1DC6-FD00F5DAF90A" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="27" pageNumber="18" rank="genus" treatmentCitationLabel="equals" year="1912">
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<bibRefCitation author="OSBORN, H. F." box="[825,918,2529,2553]" firstAuthor="Osborn" journalOrPublisher="American Museum of Natural History Mémoires (n. s.)" pageId="27" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 30" part="1" refId="ref12112" refString="(1912). Crania of Tyrannosaurus and Allosaurus. American Museum of Natural History Memoires (n. s.) 1: 1 - 30." title="Crania of Tyrannosaurus and Allosaurus" type="journal article" year="1912">1912</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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,
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<treatmentCitation authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1917" box="[949,1047,2529,2554]" genus="Tyrannosaurus" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/90598799-FF0E-FF9A-FE54-A552514BFCA2" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="27" pageNumber="18" rank="species" species="rex" treatmentCitationLabel="belongsTo">
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<bibRefCitation author="Parks, W. A" box="[949,1047,2529,2554]" journalOrPublisher="American Museum of Natural History Bulletin" pageId="27" pageNumber="18" pagination="733 - 771" part="35" refString="(1917). Skeletal adaptations of Ornitholestes, Struthiomimus, Tyrannosaurus. American Museum of Natural History Bulletin 35: 733 - 771" title="Skeletal adaptations of Ornitholestes, Struthiomimus, Tyrannosaurus" type="journal article" year="1917">1917</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation authorityName="Matthew and Brown" authorityYear="1922" box="[1074,1612,2521,2554]" group="The Deinodont Group" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D35787D0-FF9D-157C-EC44-FA4FFDF4F7A2" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="27" pageNumber="18" rank="group" treatmentCitationLabel="contains">
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<bibRefCitation author="Matthew, W. D. & B. Brown" box="[1074,1612,2521,2554]" firstAuthor="Matthew" journalOrPublisher="American Museum of Natural History Novitates" pageId="27" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 10" part="89" refId="ref12026" refString="(1923). Preliminary notices of skeletons and skulls of Deinodontidae from the Cretaceous of Alberta. American Museum of Natural History Novitates 89: 1 - 10." title="Preliminary notices of skeletons and skulls of Deinodontidae from the Cretaceous of Alberta" type="journal article" year="1923">Matthew and Brown 1923</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="27" pageNumber="18" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="27.[210,1841,2378,2841]" lastBlockId="28.[205,1852,186,1327]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="27" pageNumber="18">
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Premaxilla contacts nasal below external naris.
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<emphasis box="[1307,1628,2599,2625]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="18">Maxillary teeth</emphasis>
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relatively
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<emphasis box="[211,327,2656,2679]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="18">larger</emphasis>
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than in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1970" box="[518,824,2655,2680]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="27" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[518,824,2655,2680]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="18">Daspletosaurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Anteriormost antorbital fenestra within maxilla not visible in lateral
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<emphasis box="[653,782,2710,2733]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="18">aspect</emphasis>
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, first antorbital fenestra
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<emphasis box="[1313,1607,2706,2731]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="18">slightly higher</emphasis>
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than
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<emphasis box="[1739,1830,2708,2731]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="18">long</emphasis>
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. Nasals
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<emphasis box="[369,551,2760,2787]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="18">narrowly</emphasis>
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constricted between lacrimals. Frontal essentially limited
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<emphasis box="[1800,1839,2762,2785]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="18">to</emphasis>
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anteromedial
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<emphasis box="[501,582,2815,2839]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="18">wall</emphasis>
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of supratemporal fenestra, only small rim of bone reaches dorsal surface
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<emphasis box="[543,587,204,230]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">of</emphasis>
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skull. Prefrontal exposed
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<emphasis box="[1187,1348,205,229]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">dorsally</emphasis>
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between lacrimal and frontal. Lacrimal '
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<emphasis box="[584,950,258,283]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">horn' represented</emphasis>
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by conical inflation
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<emphasis box="[1379,1444,258,284]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">not</emphasis>
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interrupting dorsal profile
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<emphasis box="[370,415,311,338]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">of</emphasis>
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skull. Postorbital '
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<emphasis box="[837,953,312,336]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">horn'</emphasis>
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or
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<emphasis box="[1055,1187,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">rugose</emphasis>
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area well
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<emphasis box="[1440,1650,312,338]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">developed</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1687,1847,312,339]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">Anteroexternal</emphasis>
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edge
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<emphasis box="[521,564,365,391]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">of</emphasis>
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antorbital ramus
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<emphasis box="[974,1018,365,391]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">of</emphasis>
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lacrimal
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<emphasis box="[1235,1300,365,391]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">not</emphasis>
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continued across lateral surface
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<emphasis box="[382,551,419,445]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">of jugal</emphasis>
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. Ventral
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<emphasis box="[769,991,418,444]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">process of</emphasis>
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ectopterygoid inflated
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<emphasis box="[1503,1591,419,445]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">with</emphasis>
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very
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<emphasis box="[1733,1836,423,445]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">large</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis box="[210,386,475,498]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">ventrally</emphasis>
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opening sinus. Angular terminates posteriorly behind
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<emphasis box="[1629,1847,473,499]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">surangular</emphasis>
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foramen.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="28.[205,1852,186,1327]" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">
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Ventral openings
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<emphasis box="[619,662,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">of</emphasis>
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main basisphenoid sinus
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<emphasis box="[1184,1342,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">situated</emphasis>
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on either side
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<emphasis box="[1642,1686,599,625]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">of</emphasis>
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midline
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<emphasis box="[210,253,653,679]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">of</emphasis>
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skull, dorsomedial
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<emphasis box="[668,708,653,677]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">to</emphasis>
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each basipterygoid
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<emphasis box="[1134,1288,653,677]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">process</emphasis>
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. Vertical
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<emphasis box="[1496,1659,652,678]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">plate of</emphasis>
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<emphasis box="[209,298,706,733]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">presphenoid</emphasis>
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contacts orbitosphenoid and narrow suboptic bridge
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<emphasis box="[1466,1511,706,733]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">of</emphasis>
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laterosphenoid, separating
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<emphasis box="[434,534,761,785]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">optic</emphasis>
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fenestra into two openings. Cranial nerves III and IV open into
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<emphasis box="[208,321,816,839]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">single</emphasis>
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pit ventrolateral
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<emphasis box="[686,726,814,838]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">to</emphasis>
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optic fenestra.
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<emphasis box="[1053,1209,814,839]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">Exit for</emphasis>
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cranial nerve Vi situated close to anterolateral edge
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<emphasis box="[667,711,866,892]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">of</emphasis>
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laterosphenoid, but
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<emphasis box="[1157,1223,866,892]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">not</emphasis>
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so close as in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[1556,1839,869,894]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="28" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1556,1839,869,894]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">Albertosaurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="28.[205,1852,186,1327]" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">
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Neural spines
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<emphasis box="[547,728,920,947]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">of fourth</emphasis>
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and fifth cervical vertebrae
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<emphasis box="[1303,1487,921,947]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">subequal</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis box="[1512,1634,922,946]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">rather</emphasis>
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narrow in lateral aspect. Neural spine
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<emphasis box="[788,832,974,1000]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">of</emphasis>
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fifth cervical
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<emphasis box="[1115,1437,975,1000]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">distally pointed</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis box="[1464,1714,974,1000]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">that of sixth</emphasis>
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<emphasis box="[208,272,1028,1054]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">vertebra</emphasis>
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smaller and sharply
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<emphasis box="[710,869,1029,1054]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">pointed</emphasis>
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. In adults
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<emphasis box="[1093,1281,1027,1054]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">length of</emphasis>
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humerus equal
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<emphasis box="[1610,1785,1027,1055]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">to about</emphasis>
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28 per
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<emphasis box="[285,715,1081,1108]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">cent of that of femur</emphasis>
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. Anterior
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<emphasis box="[932,1101,1081,1108]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">blade of</emphasis>
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ilium does
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<emphasis box="[1339,1404,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">not</emphasis>
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cover diapophysis
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">of twelfth thoracic</emphasis>
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vertebra.
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<emphasis box="[740,781,1137,1162]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">In</emphasis>
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adults circumference
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<emphasis box="[1236,1280,1135,1161]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">of</emphasis>
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femur
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<emphasis box="[1426,1721,1135,1162]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">approximately</emphasis>
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equal to 41 per
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<emphasis box="[419,777,1189,1216]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">cent of length of</emphasis>
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femur. Bodily proportions generally as in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1970" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="28" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1695,1846,1190,1216]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">Daspletosaurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, although adult specimens about 25 per
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<emphasis box="[1283,1511,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">cent larger</emphasis>
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, humerus more reduced and ilium
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<emphasis box="[597,832,1298,1325]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="19">longer than</emphasis>
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in this genus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |