617 lines
78 KiB
XML
617 lines
78 KiB
XML
<document id="837133054584BEAA620827C100BDD671" ID-CLB-Dataset="25561" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4648.3.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="97d3beda-ceba-4422-8787-79e564142fea" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3356476" ID-ZooBank="92F931D5-FEA0-48D6-97C1-0893808CA809" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1564564444028" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Amézquita, Adolfo, Suárez, Gustavo, Palacios-Rodríguez, Pablo, Beltrán, Iván, Rodríguez, Camilo, Barrientos, Lucas S., Daza, Juan M. & Mazariegos, Luis" docDate="2019" docId="03E34E5EFFDCFFD3FF71F9FB4DD413CD" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4648.3.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4648 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pristimantis ferwerdai Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="545" masterDocId="FFDA3626FFD8FFDBFFE6FFCF4F401419" masterDocTitle="A new species of Pristimantis (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the cloud forests of Colombian western Andes" masterLastPageNumber="548" masterPageNumber="537" pageNumber="541" updateTime="1702000074609" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="0802AF8E040C0CFCC78169AC0D310073" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="8FA96BF6437BC57702E56D54D1727C08">
|
||
<mods:title id="8E517AC6900E4B8107558083F5C75661">A new species of Pristimantis (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the cloud forests of Colombian western Andes</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="6898FC0A336C7A2970A128E38DE429ED" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="E02EFC5EB528321C35356572EA272B8C">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="27ADE099FD302937171D650F88DE39A2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="916CA520B93B88DB453C36328F46CC79">Amézquita, Adolfo</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="EC99092E17D491147E32EE26812E4D96" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="A3B9D8F8357A809323E745D9AFA9FBB5">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="38137003C70D3A7AA64C090E5FDB01A7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="F1E7319E8A84CB33770F7D4AA04FFC25">Suárez, Gustavo</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="B0B8AC7DBE2509D92AC269F205069808" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="213E5AB648DCCE84031D4F258E046760">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="C72545E692CC626F9F441F5907E6A3E7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="4D4E84AE607EAF7F766151FFD363FA76">Palacios-Rodríguez, Pablo</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="6C883B05422522F53233DDC4F3E98D4E" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="FE08C3070FCC2D405860294B60C07567">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="7C08E8337A78C73EF2BA4964D7572D1E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="4856AB52F17D6B620FB1F418D8AD78E9">Beltrán, Iván</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="8DC3D970FA9F7F8705B468210EF794EC" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="76B9DCA2A2BD427A5D31289413F3A899">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="C05C917FDC1BEE63266ED4DD7397C3BA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="670A988E7686E7B749899551D1F8F287">Rodríguez, Camilo</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="461F8F08DCEB7E4A10318CF94E9D48A2" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="0A43D6B2EB27FCA7C20881519AA51D30">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="C2B818B7FE0D7FD4ADAC7126BA741456">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="B3627BB4D706581D61D623D316B5FCD3">Barrientos, Lucas S.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="C682996A0BB781902B28D2745402FA8D" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="22609CCC819119402472ECE8637BF132">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="F4629555E4429283489CA4A66206A457">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="783BF8D51D62D5B7FE8A57C727228CB0">Daza, Juan M.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="9F41813792CE604988872ECAD76FF448" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="81110FDC589CF4019A273FEA6A5B85D6">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="EC0D048E929261DD18A75318D5A21D95">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="01558236F87B82ECB32DF1EA7C7D543F">Mazariegos, Luis</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="C5596FC9CFE780029183C71193BBEF0E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="F313A01AB5101F2FD1297124671F19E3" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="2D8D6F8A3C03EC50E9C8D4E1CFBB12FA">
|
||
<mods:title id="E04A52BFCA3EB82C5B7CAB1DB623B9C6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="BCA745E1086A17E93A767F0D2EB144DD">
|
||
<mods:date id="C75BC7FCF2E044D544D791AF99373D12">2019</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="56971291DF13FACC30EA1F5D30D1BE20" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="3688896FC329B9B2CB0554F6A3C3E78C">2019-07-31</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="6725F35AAC3F1CD04BB4DA0B9E805A99" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="8B8FE8269737D10D08103604B0569C73">4648</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="3078053FCF0511433F447E38935935FB" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="844DE5CC8AD7764351B9AB55AC8174C1">3</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="F9218FDDC594562C1F6AACA78C20C32A" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="8D83045D2F83E539A443D00E5220A7CD">537</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="26CDE3B7AA25C82E2AAD5DB81CA99E73">548</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="7CA0A559F58BCEF2959056F51325275A">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="9278B49315A81C1754731FA932BC9BA3" type="CLB-Dataset">25561</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="A1AEE17C7D7D144D8D937A3BBCCB8FFF" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4648.3.8</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="A343F8D23D190F0BEAFDA6170AE0D10C" type="GBIF-Dataset">97d3beda-ceba-4422-8787-79e564142fea</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="5E49020146B8E7E4411AA0FD97434EFA" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="FCD296D25E973E56F63783CD3C22A061" type="Zenodo-Dep">3356476</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="AEAA04607036680EABE8B39006D21E64" type="ZooBank">92F931D5-FEA0-48D6-97C1-0893808CA809</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03E34E5EFFDCFFD3FF71F9FB4DD413CD" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159399053" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E34E5EFFDCFFD3FF71F9FB4DD413CD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E34E5EFFDCFFD3FF71F9FB4DD413CD" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="545" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C350ACC3FFDCFFDFFF71F9FB4D401256" box="[151,512,1588,1615]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5FF48FFDCFFDFFF71F9FB4D401256" blockId="4.[151,512,1588,1650]" box="[151,512,1588,1615]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<heading id="D0BD4824FFDCFFDFFF71F9FB4D401256" bold="true" box="[151,512,1588,1615]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDCFFDFFF71F9FB4D401256" bold="true" box="[151,512,1588,1615]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDCFFDFFF71F9FB4EDF1256" bold="true" box="[151,415,1588,1615]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDCFFDFFF71F9FB4EDA1256" authority="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos, 2019" authorityName="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,410,1588,1615]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferwerdai" status="sp. nov.">Pristimantis ferwerdai</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D9E21FFDCFFDFFE41F9FA4D401256" box="[423,512,1589,1615]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C350ACC3FFDCFFDFFF71F9974E1D126B" box="[151,349,1624,1650]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5FF48FFDCFFDFFF71F9974E1D126B" blockId="4.[151,512,1588,1650]" box="[151,349,1624,1650]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<figureCitation id="1371E3CDFFDCFFDFFF71F9974FB8126B" box="[151,248,1624,1650]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1151,1176]" captionTargetBox="[173,1421,504,1118]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,489,1132]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Dorsolateral view (left), and ventral view of left hand and left foot (right) of the holotype of Pristimantis ferwerdai sp. nov. For scaling, we added 1-mm lines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3356484/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6C8CAF3FFDCFFDFFEE5F9974E18126B" box="[259,344,1624,1650]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,239,514,538]" captionTargetBox="[162,1398,659,1062]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 3. Morphometric measurements (all in mm) taken on the type series of Pristimantis ferwerdai sp. nov. From left to right: Snout-vent length, Tibia length, Forelimb length, Femur length, Head length, Greatest head width, Distance from eye to nostril, Interorbital diameter, Distance from tympanum to eye, Diameter of the eye, and Diameter of the tympanum." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF35AFC0FFDEFFDDFF71FDCD4E51169E" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" tableUuid="DF35AFC0FFDEFFDDFF71FDCD4E51169E">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C350ACC3FFDCFFDDFF71F96E4C85123B" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="543" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5FF48FFDCFFDFFF71F96E4BA7131B" blockId="4.[151,1437,1696,2011]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B22F515FFDCFFDFFF71F96E4BA7131B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2413159117" collectingDate="2016-08-02" collectionCode="ANDES-A" country="Colombia" county="Medellin" elevation="2050" latitude="5.52" location="Gustavo Suarez" longLatPrecision="783" longitude="-75.89" municipality="Department" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" specimenCode="ANDES-A 3879" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antioquia" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDCFFDFFF71F96E4E4B12A2" bold="true" box="[151,267,1697,1723]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F141EAFFDCFFDFFF71F96E4E4612A2" box="[151,262,1697,1723]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
An adult male (
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBEC5733FFDCFFDFFE26F96F4D3D12A3" box="[448,637,1696,1722]" collectionCode="ANDES-A" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">ANDES-A 3879</specimenCode>
|
||
) collected on
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB02060FFDCFFDFFCFCF96E4C8A12A3" box="[794,970,1696,1723]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" value="2016-08-02">
|
||
<date id="FFF4D988FFDCFFDFFCFCF96E4C8A12A3" box="[794,970,1696,1723]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" value="2016-08-02">August 2, 2016</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
, by
|
||
<location id="8E95A993FFDCFFDFFC1EF96F4BE912A3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E34E5EFFDCFFD3FF71F9FB4DD413CD:8E95A993FFDCFFDFFC1EF96F4BE912A3" box="[1016,1193,1696,1722]" country="Colombia" county="Medellin" latitude="5.52" longLatPrecision="783" longitude="-75.89" municipality="Department" name="Gustavo Suarez" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" stateProvince="Antioquia">Gustavo Suárez</location>
|
||
and
|
||
<location id="8E95A993FFDCFFDFFB06F96F4ADD12A3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E34E5EFFDCFFD3FF71F9FB4DD413CD:8E95A993FFDCFFDFFB06F96F4ADD12A3" box="[1248,1437,1696,1722]" country="Colombia" county="Medellin" latitude="5.52" longLatPrecision="783" longitude="-75.89" municipality="Department" name="Luis Mazariegos" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" stateProvince="Antioquia">Luis Mazariegos</location>
|
||
in the type locality:
|
||
<location id="8E95A993FFDCFFDFFE92F90B4DBB12C6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E34E5EFFDCFFD3FF71F9FB4DD413CD:8E95A993FFDCFFDFFE92F90B4DBB12C6" box="[372,763,1732,1759]" country="Colombia" county="Medellin" latitude="5.52" longLatPrecision="783" longitude="-75.89" municipality="Department" name="Mesenia-Paramillo Nature Reserve" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" stateProvince="Antioquia">Mesenia-Paramillo Nature Reserve</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7E998FFFDCFFDFFCEFF90B4C1912C6" box="[777,857,1732,1759]" degrees="5.52" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" precision="555" value="5.52">5.52 N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7E998FFFDCFFDFFC8DF90B4C8C12C6" box="[875,972,1732,1759]" degrees="75.89" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" precision="555" value="-75.89">75.89 W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation id="0067187BFFDCFFDFFC30F90B4B7912C6" box="[982,1081,1732,1759]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" unit="m" value="2050.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CB252ADFFDCFFDFFC30F90B4B7912C6" box="[982,1081,1732,1759]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" unit="m" value="2050.0">2,050 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
.a.s.l.), south of the
|
||
<location id="8E95A993FFDCFFDFFAEAF90B4FBD131B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E34E5EFFDCFFD3FF71F9FB4DD413CD:8E95A993FFDCFFDFFAEAF90B4FBD131B" country="Colombia" county="Medellin" latitude="5.52" longLatPrecision="783" longitude="-75.89" municipality="Department" name="Municipality of Jardin" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" stateProvince="Antioquia">Municipality of Jardín</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B916532FFDCFFDFFEEEF9264ECC131A" box="[264,396,1769,1795]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Department</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498E31AAFFDCFFDFFE56F9274D63131B" box="[432,547,1768,1794]" country="Colombia" name="Antioquia" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Antioquia</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and about
|
||
<quantity id="4CB252ADFFDCFFDFFD45F9274DAA131B" box="[675,746,1768,1794]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" unit="km" value="90.0">90 km</quantity>
|
||
southwest of the city of
|
||
<collectingCounty id="629487C4FFDCFFDFFC18F9274B26131B" box="[1022,1126,1768,1794]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Medellín</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35DBFD8FFDCFFDFFB97F9274BA3131B" box="[1137,1251,1768,1794]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5FF48FFDCFFDFFF21F8C24C9D1353" blockId="4.[151,1437,1696,2011]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B22F515FFDCFFDFFF21F8C24C9A1353" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2413159116" collectionCode="ANDES-A" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" specimenCode="ANDES-A 3874-78, ANDES-A 3880-81" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDCFFDFFF21F8C24E06133E" bold="true" box="[199,326,1805,1831]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F141EAFFDCFFDFFF21F8C24E01133E" box="[199,321,1805,1831]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Six adults (four males;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBEC5733FFDCFFDFFDADF8C34C6D133F" box="[587,813,1804,1830]" collectionCode="ANDES-A" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">ANDES-A 3874–78</specimenCode>
|
||
) and (two females;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBEC5733FFDCFFDFFBE3F8C34BA8133F" box="[1029,1256,1804,1830]" collectionCode="ANDES-A" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">ANDES-A 3880–81</specimenCode>
|
||
) collected at the type locality and time, during the same field trips, along with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F141EAFFDCFFDFFC92F8FF4C9A1353" box="[884,986,1840,1866]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5FF48FFDCFFDFFF21F89B4DB313C3" blockId="4.[151,1437,1696,2011]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDCFFDFFF21F89B4E081376" bold="true" box="[199,328,1876,1903]" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">Etimology.</emphasis>
|
||
We propose the specific epithet
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDCFFDFFD51F89B4C631377" authorityName="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos" authorityYear="2019" box="[695,803,1876,1902]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="541" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferwerdai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDCFFDFFD51F89B4C631377" box="[695,803,1876,1902]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="541">ferwerdai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a patronym to honor of Willem Ferwerda, for his valuable work in the conservation of tropical ecosystems throughout Asia, Africa and South America. In particular, for his generous professional and personal contributions to the protection of cloud forests in Colombian nature reserves, which directly benefited the species we describe here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF35AFC0FFDDFFDEFF71F8614E9A13F2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3356480/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="542" startId="5.[151,250,1966,1991]" targetBox="[290,1303,188,1908]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5FF48FFDDFFDEFF71F8614E9A13F2" blockId="5.[151,1437,1966,2027]" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDDFFDEFF71F8614E4C13DE" bold="true" box="[151,268,1966,1991]" pageId="5" pageNumber="542">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
|
||
. Phylogenetic hypothesis based on mtDNA genealogy of the 16S gene. Nodal values indicate bootstrapping support. See Methods for further details.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5FF48FFDEFFDDFF21FF574D4815CA" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,467]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFF21FF574EAF14AA" bold="true" box="[199,495,152,179]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">Definition and diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFE13FF554DB014AA" authority="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos, 2019" authorityName="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos" authorityYear="2019" box="[501,752,153,179]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferwerdai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFE13FF554DB014AA" box="[501,752,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">Pristimantis ferwerdai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D9E21FFDEFFDDFD11FF564C1014AA" box="[759,848,153,179]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFD11FF564C1014AA" bold="true" box="[759,848,153,179]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is a medium-sized frog (SVL 23.7 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4CB252ADFFDEFFDDFB08FF564A1414AA" box="[1262,1364,153,179]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.76" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" unit="mm" value="1.76">1.76 mm</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6C8CAF3FFDEFFDDFAB8FF564FE614CE" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,239,514,538]" captionTargetBox="[162,1398,659,1062]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 3. Morphometric measurements (all in mm) taken on the type series of Pristimantis ferwerdai sp. nov. From left to right: Snout-vent length, Tibia length, Forelimb length, Femur length, Head length, Greatest head width, Distance from eye to nostril, Interorbital diameter, Distance from tympanum to eye, Diameter of the eye, and Diameter of the tympanum." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF35AFC0FFDEFFDDFF71FDCD4E51169E" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" tableUuid="DF35AFC0FFDEFFDDFF71FDCD4E51169E">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
), which we assign to the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFDEBFF724DF714CE" authorityName="Hedges, Duellman & Heinicke" authorityYear="2008" box="[525,695,189,215]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Craugastoridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the terminal position obtained in our phylogenetic analyses (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1371E3CDFFDEFFDDFF2EFF2E4E4D14E2" box="[200,269,225,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1966,1991]" captionTargetBox="[290,1303,188,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[255,1332,166,1946]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phylogenetic hypothesis based on mtDNA genealogy of the 16S gene. Nodal values indicate bootstrapping support. See Methods for further details." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3356480/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), as well as on the following combination of morphological traits: all the specimens we observed (above 25) lacked webbed fingers and large external glands; all digit tips expanded, and tympanic membranes easily recognizable to the naked eye. Although phenotypic synapomorphies are unknown for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFBCAFEE54AD8155A" authority="(Padial et al. 2014)" authorityName="Padial" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Padial" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[1068,1432,297,323]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFBCAFEE54BF5155A" box="[1068,1205,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">Pristimantis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB82B9FFDEFFDDFB22FEE64AD0155A" author="Padial, J. M. & Grant, T. & Frost, D. R." box="[1220,1424,297,323]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref6215" refString="Padial, J. M., Grant, T. & Frost, D. R. (2014) Molecular systematics of terraranas (Anura: Brachycephaloidea) with an assessment of the effects of alignment and optimality criteria. Zootaxa, 3825 (1), 1 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3825.1. 1" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Padial
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFAF2FEE54A05155A" box="[1300,1349,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we assign the new species to this genus based on characteristic phenotypic traits of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFBD7FE814BFA157E" box="[1073,1210,334,359]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFBD7FE814BFA157E" box="[1073,1210,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">Pristimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including T-shaped terminal fingers, toes without membranes, and Toe V longer than Toe III; this placement is strongly supported by the molecular available evidence:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFDF3FE594DDC15B6" authority="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos, 2019" authorityName="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos" authorityYear="2019" box="[533,668,405,431]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferwerdai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFDF3FE594DDC15B6" box="[533,668,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">P. ferwerdai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D9E21FFDEFFDDFD45FE5A4DBC15B6" box="[675,764,405,431]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFD45FE5A4DBC15B6" bold="true" box="[675,764,405,431]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is nested exclusively within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFBD9FE594B8815B6" box="[1087,1224,406,431]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFBD9FE594B8815B6" box="[1087,1224,406,431]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">Pristimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species in our best phylogenetic hypothesis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1371E3CDFFDEFFDDFE50FE764EBB15CA" box="[438,507,441,467]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1966,1991]" captionTargetBox="[290,1303,188,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[255,1332,166,1946]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Phylogenetic hypothesis based on mtDNA genealogy of the 16S gene. Nodal values indicate bootstrapping support. See Methods for further details." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3356480/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF35AFC0FFDEFFDDFF71FDCD4E51169E" ID-Table-UUID="DF35AFC0FFDEFFDDFF71FDCD4E51169E" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF35AFC0FFDEFFDDFF71FDCD4E51169E" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" targetBox="[162,1398,659,1062]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5FF48FFDEFFDDFF71FDCD4E51169E" blockId="6.[151,1437,514,647]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFF71FDCD4E4C1602" bold="true" box="[151,268,514,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">TABLE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphometric measurements (all in mm) taken on the type series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFBEEFDCC4BBA1602" authority="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos, 2019" authorityName="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos" authorityYear="2019" box="[1032,1274,515,539]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferwerdai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFBEEFDCC4BBA1602" box="[1032,1274,515,539]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">Pristimantis ferwerdai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D9E21FFDEFFDDFAE4FDCC4A1A1602" box="[1282,1370,515,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFAE4FDCC4A1A1602" bold="true" box="[1282,1370,515,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
From left to right: Snout-vent length, Tibia length, Forelimb length, Femur length, Head length, Greatest head width, Distance from eye to nostril, Interorbital diameter, Distance from tympanum to eye, Diameter of the eye, and Diameter of the tympanum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5FF48FFDEFFDDFF44FD5C4A35103F" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<table id="F94A0DE8FFDE0024FF44FD5C4A36103F" box="[162,1398,659,1062]" gridcols="12" gridrows="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<tr id="357AFD0AFFDE0024FF44FD5C4A3616B5" box="[162,1398,659,684]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FF44FD5C4E0416B5" box="[162,324,659,684]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">Code</th>
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE64FD5C4EFB16B5" box="[386,443,659,684]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">SVL</th>
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE12FD5C4D6D16B5" box="[500,557,659,684]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">TL</th>
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FDB3FD5C4DC116B5" box="[597,641,659,684]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">FL</th>
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FD54FD5C4D9E16B5" box="[690,734,659,684]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">FeL</th>
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FCF5FD5C4C7F16B5" box="[787,831,659,684]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">HL</th>
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC96FD5C4CDC16B5" box="[880,924,659,684]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">HW</th>
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC28FD5C4CBA16B5" box="[974,1018,659,684]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">EN</th>
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FBC8FD5C4B1B16B5" box="[1070,1115,659,684]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">IOD</th>
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB6AFD5C4BF816B5" box="[1164,1208,659,684]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">TE</th>
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB0AFD5C4A5816B5" box="[1260,1304,659,684]" gridcol="10" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">DE</th>
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FAACFD5C4A3616B5" box="[1354,1398,659,684]" gridcol="11" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">DT</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357AFD0AFFDE0024FF44FD764A3616CB" box="[162,1398,697,722]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FF44FD764E0416CB" box="[162,324,697,722]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">ANDES-A3874</th>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE64FD764EFB16CB" box="[386,443,697,722]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">23</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE12FD764D6D16CB" box="[500,557,697,722]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">12.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FDB3FD764DC116CB" box="[597,641,697,722]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">6.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FD54FD764D9E16CB" box="[690,734,697,722]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">12.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FCF5FD764C7F16CB" box="[787,831,697,722]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">8.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC96FD764CDC16CB" box="[880,924,697,722]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">8.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC28FD764CBA16CB" box="[974,1018,697,722]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">3.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FBC8FD764B1B16CB" box="[1070,1115,697,722]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB6AFD764BF816CB" box="[1164,1208,697,722]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB0AFD764A5816CB" box="[1260,1304,697,722]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">3.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FAACFD764A3616CB" box="[1354,1398,697,722]" gridcol="11" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357AFD0AFFDE0024FF44FD104A3616E1" box="[162,1398,735,760]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FF44FD104E0416E1" box="[162,324,735,760]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">ANDES-A3875</th>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE64FD104EFB16E1" box="[386,443,735,760]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">25.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE12FD104D6D16E1" box="[500,557,735,760]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">12.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FDB3FD104DC116E1" box="[597,641,735,760]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">6.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FD54FD104D9E16E1" box="[690,734,735,760]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">12.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FCF5FD104C7F16E1" box="[787,831,735,760]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">10.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC96FD104CDC16E1" box="[880,924,735,760]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">9.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC28FD104CBA16E1" box="[974,1018,735,760]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">3.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FBC8FD104B1B16E1" box="[1070,1115,735,760]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">4.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB6AFD104BF816E1" box="[1164,1208,735,760]" gridcol="9" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">0.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB0AFD104A5816E1" box="[1260,1304,735,760]" gridcol="10" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">3.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FAACFD104A3616E1" box="[1354,1398,735,760]" gridcol="11" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357AFD0AFFDE0024FF44FCCB4A361704" box="[162,1398,772,797]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FF44FCCB4E041704" box="[162,324,772,797]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">ANDES-A3876</th>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE64FCCB4EFB1704" box="[386,443,772,797]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">22.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE12FCCB4D6D1704" box="[500,557,772,797]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">11.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FDB3FCCB4DC11704" box="[597,641,772,797]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">4.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FD54FCCB4D9E1704" box="[690,734,772,797]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">10.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FCF5FCCB4C7F1704" box="[787,831,772,797]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">8.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC96FCCB4CDC1704" box="[880,924,772,797]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">7.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC28FCCB4CBA1704" box="[974,1018,772,797]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FBC8FCCB4B1B1704" box="[1070,1115,772,797]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">3.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB6AFCCB4BF81704" box="[1164,1208,772,797]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">0.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB0AFCCB4A581704" box="[1260,1304,772,797]" gridcol="10" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">3.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FAACFCCB4A361704" box="[1354,1398,772,797]" gridcol="11" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357AFD0AFFDE0024FF44FCE54A36175A" box="[162,1398,810,835]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FF44FCE54E04175A" box="[162,324,810,835]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">ANDES-A3877</th>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE64FCE54EFB175A" box="[386,443,810,835]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">24.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE12FCE54D6D175A" box="[500,557,810,835]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">13.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FDB3FCE54DC1175A" box="[597,641,810,835]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">6.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FD54FCE54D9E175A" box="[690,734,810,835]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">12.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FCF5FCE54C7F175A" box="[787,831,810,835]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">9.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC96FCE54CDC175A" box="[880,924,810,835]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">9.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC28FCE54CBA175A" box="[974,1018,810,835]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">3.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FBC8FCE54B1B175A" box="[1070,1115,810,835]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">4.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB6AFCE54BF8175A" box="[1164,1208,810,835]" gridcol="9" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB0AFCE54A58175A" box="[1260,1304,810,835]" gridcol="10" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">3.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FAACFCE54A36175A" box="[1354,1398,810,835]" gridcol="11" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357AFD0AFFDE0024FF44FC9F4A361770" box="[162,1398,848,873]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FF44FC9F4E041770" box="[162,324,848,873]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">ANDES-A3878</th>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE64FC9F4EFB1770" box="[386,443,848,873]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">21.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE12FC9F4D6D1770" box="[500,557,848,873]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">11.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FDB3FC9F4DC11770" box="[597,641,848,873]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">5.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FD54FC9F4D9E1770" box="[690,734,848,873]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">10.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FCF5FC9F4C7F1770" box="[787,831,848,873]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">8.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC96FC9F4CDC1770" box="[880,924,848,873]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">7.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC28FC9F4CBA1770" box="[974,1018,848,873]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">2.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FBC8FC9F4B1B1770" box="[1070,1115,848,873]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">3.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB6AFC9F4BF81770" box="[1164,1208,848,873]" gridcol="9" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB0AFC9F4A581770" box="[1260,1304,848,873]" gridcol="10" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">3.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FAACFC9F4A361770" box="[1354,1398,848,873]" gridcol="11" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357AFD0AFFDE0024FF44FCB94A361796" box="[162,1398,886,911]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FF44FCB94E041796" box="[162,324,886,911]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">ANDES-A3879</th>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE64FCB94EFB1796" box="[386,443,886,911]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">23.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE12FCB94D6D1796" box="[500,557,886,911]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">13.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FDB3FCB94DC11796" box="[597,641,886,911]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">5.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FD54FCB94D9E1796" box="[690,734,886,911]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">11.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FCF5FCB94C7F1796" box="[787,831,886,911]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">10.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC96FCB94CDC1796" box="[880,924,886,911]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">9.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC28FCB94CBA1796" box="[974,1018,886,911]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">3.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FBC8FCB94B1B1796" box="[1070,1115,886,911]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">4.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB6AFCB94BF81796" box="[1164,1208,886,911]" gridcol="9" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB0AFCB94A581796" box="[1260,1304,886,911]" gridcol="10" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FAACFCB94A361796" box="[1354,1398,886,911]" gridcol="11" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357AFD0AFFDE0024FF44FC534A3617AC" box="[162,1398,924,949]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FF44FC534E0417AC" box="[162,324,924,949]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">ANDES-A3880</th>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE64FC534EFB17AC" box="[386,443,924,949]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">22.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE12FC534D6D17AC" box="[500,557,924,949]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">11.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FDB3FC534DC117AC" box="[597,641,924,949]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">5.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FD54FC534D9E17AC" box="[690,734,924,949]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">11.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FCF5FC534C7F17AC" box="[787,831,924,949]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">9.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC96FC534CDC17AC" box="[880,924,924,949]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">8.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC28FC534CBA17AC" box="[974,1018,924,949]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">3.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FBC8FC534B1B17AC" box="[1070,1115,924,949]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">4.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB6AFC534BF817AC" box="[1164,1208,924,949]" gridcol="9" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB0AFC534A5817AC" box="[1260,1304,924,949]" gridcol="10" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">2.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FAACFC534A3617AC" box="[1354,1398,924,949]" gridcol="11" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357AFD0AFFDE0024FF44FC0E4A3617C3" box="[162,1398,961,986]" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FF44FC0E4E0417C3" box="[162,324,961,986]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">ANDES-A3881</th>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE64FC0E4EFB17C3" box="[386,443,961,986]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">26.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE12FC0E4D6D17C3" box="[500,557,961,986]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">14.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FDB3FC0E4DC117C3" box="[597,641,961,986]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">6.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FD54FC0E4D9E17C3" box="[690,734,961,986]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">13.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FCF5FC0E4C7F17C3" box="[787,831,961,986]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">10.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC96FC0E4CDC17C3" box="[880,924,961,986]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">10.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC28FC0E4CBA17C3" box="[974,1018,961,986]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">3.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FBC8FC0E4B1B17C3" box="[1070,1115,961,986]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">4.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB6AFC0E4BF817C3" box="[1164,1208,961,986]" gridcol="9" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB0AFC0E4A5817C3" box="[1260,1304,961,986]" gridcol="10" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">3.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FAACFC0E4A3617C3" box="[1354,1398,961,986]" gridcol="11" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357AFD0AFFDE0024FF44FC284A361019" box="[162,1398,999,1024]" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FF44FC284E041019" box="[162,324,999,1024]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">Mean</th>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE64FC284EFB1019" box="[386,443,999,1024]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">23.66</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE12FC284D6D1019" box="[500,557,999,1024]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">12.76</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FDB3FC284DC11019" box="[597,641,999,1024]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">5.91</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FD54FC284D9E1019" box="[690,734,999,1024]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">11.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FCF5FC284C7F1019" box="[787,831,999,1024]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">9.45</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC96FC284CDC1019" box="[880,924,999,1024]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">8.96</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC28FC284CBA1019" box="[974,1018,999,1024]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">3.26</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FBC8FC284B1B1019" box="[1070,1115,999,1024]" gridcol="8" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">4.04</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB6AFC284BF81019" box="[1164,1208,999,1024]" gridcol="9" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1.05</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB0AFC284A581019" box="[1260,1304,999,1024]" gridcol="10" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">3.23</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FAACFC284A361019" box="[1354,1398,999,1024]" gridcol="11" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1.18</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357AFD0AFFDE0024FF44FBC24A36103F" box="[162,1398,1037,1062]" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<th id="76AB9476FFDE0024FF44FBC24E04103F" box="[162,324,1037,1062]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">SD</th>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE64FBC24EFB103F" box="[386,443,1037,1062]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1.76</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FE12FBC24D6D103F" box="[500,557,1037,1062]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1.09</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FDB3FBC24DC1103F" box="[597,641,1037,1062]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">0.59</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FD54FBC24D9E103F" box="[690,734,1037,1062]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1.01</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FCF5FBC24C7F103F" box="[787,831,1037,1062]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC96FBC24CDC103F" box="[880,924,1037,1062]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">0.88</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FC28FBC24CBA103F" box="[974,1018,1037,1062]" gridcol="7" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">0.37</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FBC8FBC24B1B103F" box="[1070,1115,1037,1062]" gridcol="8" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">0.22</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB6AFBC24BF8103F" box="[1164,1208,1037,1062]" gridcol="9" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">0.12</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FB0AFBC24A58103F" box="[1260,1304,1037,1062]" gridcol="10" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">0.33</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB9476FFDE0024FAACFBC24A36103F" box="[1354,1398,1037,1062]" gridcol="11" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">0.11</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5FF48FFDEFFDDFF21FB974C85123B" blockId="6.[151,1437,1111,2038]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFF21FB974E851068" authority="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos, 2019" authorityName="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos" authorityYear="2019" box="[199,453,1111,1137]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferwerdai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFF21FB974E851068" box="[199,453,1111,1137]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">Pristimantis ferwerdai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D9E21FFDEFFDDFE2BFB974D68106B" box="[461,552,1112,1138]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFE2BFB974D68106B" bold="true" box="[461,552,1112,1138]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
can be diagnosed by the following combination of morphological characters: (1) smalls conical tubercles that populate the dorsal and dorsolateral skin; (2) two dorsal folds which extend up to
|
||
<superScript id="7C3F5200FFDEFFDDFA62FBB54ACC1091" attach="right" box="[1412,1420,1146,1160]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">2</superScript>
|
||
/
|
||
<subScript id="17CEFD0DFFDEFFDDFA72FB424ADC1082" attach="none" box="[1428,1436,1165,1179]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">4</subScript>
|
||
of the dorsal surface, shaped like an hourglass or inverted brackets; (3) the ventral surface areolate; (4) dorsolateral folds absent; (5) paravertebral folds present; (6) postrical tubercles absent; (7) tympanum superficial, tympanic annulus prominent, round, corresponding to
|
||
<superScript id="7C3F5200FFDEFFDDFD6CFB294DD210ED" attach="right" box="[650,658,1254,1268]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">1</superScript>
|
||
/
|
||
<subScript id="17CEFD0DFFDEFFDDFD7CFB364DE2111E" attach="left" box="[666,674,1273,1287]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">4</subScript>
|
||
of eye length; (8) supratympanic folds absent; (9)
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFB3CFB284ADC1118" box="[1242,1436,1255,1281]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">Canthus rostralis</emphasis>
|
||
round, short snout, rounded in dorsal and lateral view; (10) upper eyelid with a prominent conical tubercle and some smalls tubercles around; (11) cranial crests absent; (12) mandibular tubercles absent; (13) males with vocal slits and subgular vocal sac; (14) ulnar tubercle prominent and subconical present; (15) tarsal tubercle prominent surrounded by small subconical tubercles; (16) finger I slightly shorter than II, expanded discs of the fingers II, III, IV; (17) manual fingers with lateral fringes; (18) two oval inner metatarsal tubercles; (19) toes with lateral fringes and expanded discs; and (20) paracloacal tubercle present; (21) posterior surfaces of thighs are cream with brown spots, sometimes suffusing with the black and white pattern of the ventral surface; (22) iris bronze to dark brown with a horizontal medial and reddish band, and often a reticulate pattern.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C350ACC3FFDEFFDCFF21F9E34DAB155A" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="544" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5FF48FFDEFFDCFF21F9E34DAB155A" blockId="6.[151,1437,1111,2038]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,153,323]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="544" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFF21F9E34E85125C" authority="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos, 2019" authorityName="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos" authorityYear="2019" box="[199,453,1579,1605]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferwerdai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFF21F9E34E85125C" box="[199,453,1579,1605]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">Pristimantis ferwerdai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D9E21FFDEFFDDFE2BF9E34D68125F" box="[461,552,1580,1606]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFE2BF9E34D68125F" bold="true" box="[461,552,1580,1606]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
can be distinguished from most other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFC07F9E34B2A125C" box="[993,1130,1580,1605]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFC07F9E34B2A125C" box="[993,1130,1580,1605]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">Pristimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species from the Andes of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35DBFD8FFDEFFDDFF71F9804E451270" box="[151,261,1615,1641]" name="Colombia" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35DBFD8FFDEFFDDFEA6F9804EDD1270" box="[320,413,1615,1641]" name="Ecuador" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
by the combination of dorsal coloration in life, an intergradation of green, lime-green or greenish brown blotches on a generally dark (black to dark brown) background, and the prominent conical tubercles on eyelids, heels and outer edge of tarsus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1371E3CDFFDEFFDDFD40F9584DB612A8" box="[678,758,1687,1713]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1151,1176]" captionTargetBox="[173,1421,504,1118]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,489,1132]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Dorsolateral view (left), and ventral view of left hand and left foot (right) of the holotype of Pristimantis ferwerdai sp. nov. For scaling, we added 1-mm lines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3356484/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1371E3CDFFDEFFDDFCE4F9584C5212AB" box="[770,786,1687,1714]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1969,1994]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,206,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1445,196,1927]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Variation among individuals in dorsal, inguinal (left) and ventral pattern in Pristimantis ferwerdai sp. nov. at the Mesenia-Paramillo Nature Reserve (northwestern Colombian Andes)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3356486/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Two Colombian (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFC0AF9574B3E12A8" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[1004,1150,1687,1713]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calcaratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFC0AF9574B3E12A8" box="[1004,1150,1687,1713]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">P. calcaratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFB53F9574A7212A8" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[1205,1330,1687,1713]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kelephus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFB53F9574A7212A8" box="[1205,1330,1687,1713]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">P. kelephus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and two Ecuadorian species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFE9BF9734D4B12CC" authorityName="Navarrete, Venegas & Ron" authorityYear="2016" box="[381,523,1723,1749]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="llanganati">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFE9BF9734D4B12CC" box="[381,523,1723,1749]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">P. llanganati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFDA6F9734D8212CC" box="[576,706,1723,1749]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mutabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFDA6F9734D8212CC" box="[576,706,1723,1749]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">P. mutabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) look externally similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFC16F9734B3712CC" authority="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos, 2019" authorityName="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos" authorityYear="2019" box="[1008,1143,1723,1749]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferwerdai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFC16F9734B3712CC" box="[1008,1143,1723,1749]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">P. ferwerdai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D9E21FFDEFFDDFB9BF9734B9512CF" box="[1149,1237,1724,1750]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFB9BF9734B9512CF" bold="true" box="[1149,1237,1724,1750]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
; they are dorsally green or greenish and they bear conical tubercles and spicula (that may actually disappear in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFB41F92F4A6A12E0" box="[1191,1322,1759,1785]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mutabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFB41F92F4A6A12E0" box="[1191,1322,1759,1785]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">P. mutabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but not in our several-weeks captive
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFE59F8CB4D0D1304" authority="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos, 2019" authorityName="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos" authorityYear="2019" box="[447,589,1795,1821]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferwardae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFE59F8CB4D0D1304" box="[447,589,1795,1821]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">P. ferwardae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D9E21FFDEFFDDFDB5F8CB4DEC1307" box="[595,684,1796,1822]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFDB5F8CB4DEC1307" bold="true" box="[595,684,1796,1822]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
), yet all of them lack the pair of hourglass-shaped dorsal folds. The phylogenetically closest species to date,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFDBFF8E74D911358" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[601,721,1832,1857]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="satagius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFDBFF8E74D911358" box="[601,721,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">P. satagius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, also lacks the dorsal folds, has indistinct dorsolateral folds and, in addition, is dorsally dark brown in coloration whereas ventrally is cream with heavy brown reticulation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB82B9FFDEFFDDFAA8F8844F931393" author="Lynch, J. D." pageId="6" pageNumber="543" pagination="513 - 521" refId="ref5692" refString="Lynch, J. D. (1995) Three new species of Eleutherodactylus (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae) from the paramos of the Cordillera Occidental of Colombia. Journal of Herpetology, 29, 513 - 521. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 156473 4" type="journal article" year="1995">Lynch, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In addition, none of these species exhibit the characteristic ventral (from the gular region to the ventral surface of the limbs) and inguinal coloration of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFD96F85B4DB713B4" authority="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos, 2019" authorityName="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos" authorityYear="2019" box="[624,759,1939,1965]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferwerdai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFD96F85B4DB713B4" box="[624,759,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">P. ferwerdai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D9E21FFDEFFDDFD1BF85B4C1613B7" box="[765,854,1940,1966]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFD1BF85B4C1613B7" bold="true" box="[765,854,1940,1966]" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
white bands/blotches against a predominantly black background (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1371E3CDFFDEFFDDFECDF8784E2F13CB" box="[299,367,1975,2002]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1969,1994]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,206,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1445,196,1927]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Variation among individuals in dorsal, inguinal (left) and ventral pattern in Pristimantis ferwerdai sp. nov. at the Mesenia-Paramillo Nature Reserve (northwestern Colombian Andes)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3356486/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). The ventral coloration in those species is known to be light brown in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFB68F8774A5213C8" box="[1166,1298,1975,2001]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mutabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFB68F8774A5213C8" box="[1166,1298,1975,2001]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">P. mutabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or brown in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDDFF71F8134E5613EC" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[151,278,2011,2037]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kelephus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDDFF71F8134E5613EC" box="[151,278,2011,2037]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">P. kelephus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with very poorly defined patterning. The new species also present vocal slits, which are absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDEFFDCFA6EF8134E4A14AA" authorityName="Navarrete, Venegas & Ron" authorityYear="2016" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="544" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="llanganati">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDEFFDCFA6EF8134E4A14AA" italics="true" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="544" pageId="6" pageNumber="543">P. llanganati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and not described in the other species. Conversely,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDFFFDCFCB6FF554C9814AA" authority="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos, 2019" authorityName="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos" authorityYear="2019" box="[848,984,153,179]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferwerdai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDFFFDCFCB6FF554C9814AA" box="[848,984,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="544">P. ferwerdai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D9E21FFDFFFDCFC39FF564B7814AA" box="[991,1080,153,179]" pageId="7" pageNumber="544" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDFFFDCFC39FF564B7814AA" bold="true" box="[991,1080,153,179]" pageId="7" pageNumber="544">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
lack the postrical tubercles that are present in
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDFFFDCFEDEFF714D1714CE" box="[312,599,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="544">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDFFFDCFEDEFF714E8D14CE" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[312,461,189,215]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calcaratus">P. calcaratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDFFFDCFE3FFF714D1714CE" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[473,599,189,215]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kelephus">P. kelephus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and the X-shaped (sometimes rhomboidal) brown or reddish brown middorsal mark, present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDFFFDCFE7AFF2D4D6914E2" authorityName="Navarrete, Venegas & Ron" authorityYear="2016" box="[412,553,225,251]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="llanganati">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDFFFDCFE7AFF2D4D6914E2" box="[412,553,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="544">P. llanganati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Lastly,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDFFFDCFD6EFF2D4C4F14E2" authority="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos, 2019" authorityName="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos" authorityYear="2019" box="[648,783,225,251]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferwerdai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDFFFDCFD6EFF2D4C4F14E2" box="[648,783,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="544">P. ferwerdai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D9E21FFDFFFDCFCF3FF2E4C2E14E2" box="[789,878,225,251]" pageId="7" pageNumber="544" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDFFFDCFCF3FF2E4C2E14E2" bold="true" box="[789,878,225,251]" pageId="7" pageNumber="544">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
can also be easily distinguished from the syntopic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDFFFDCFF71FEC94E0D1506" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[151,333,261,287]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythropleura">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDFFFDCFF71FEC94E0D1506" box="[151,333,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="544">P. erythropleura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has similar dorsal appearance but exhibits whitish non-patterned ventral coloration in and conspicuous red-orange-yellow inguinal flash marks.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF35AFC0FFDFFFDCFF71F95D4DA412EA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3356482/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="544" startId="7.[151,250,1682,1707]" targetBox="[199,1372,359,1621]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5FF48FFDFFFDCFF71F95D4DA412EA" blockId="7.[151,1437,1682,1779]" pageId="7" pageNumber="544">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDFFFDCFF71F95D4E4D12B2" bold="true" box="[151,269,1682,1707]" pageId="7" pageNumber="544">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
|
||
. Two-dimensional representation of genetic simple distances between the candidate species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDFFFDCFB5FF95C4ADD12B3" authorityName="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos" authorityYear="2019" box="[1209,1437,1682,1706]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferwerdai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDFFFDCFB5FF95C4ADD12B3" box="[1209,1437,1682,1706]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="544">Pristimantis ferwerdai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the three phylogenetically closest species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFDFFFDCFD65F9784DBF12D7" box="[643,767,1719,1742]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDFFFDCFD65F9784DBF12D7" box="[643,767,1719,1742]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="544">Pristimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as obtained after ABGD analysis. The axes are unitless and result from the Kruskal’s Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C350ACC3FFDFFFD3FF21F8EF4DD413CD" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="545" pageId="7" pageNumber="544" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5FF48FFDFFFD3FF21F8EF4C88155A" blockId="7.[151,1437,1824,2031]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,153,467]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="545" pageId="7" pageNumber="544">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDFFFDCFF21F8EF4D4E1322" bold="true" box="[199,526,1824,1851]" pageId="7" pageNumber="544">
|
||
Description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F141EAFFDFFFDCFE41F8EE4D4E1322" box="[423,526,1825,1851]" pageId="7" pageNumber="544" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1371E3CDFFDFFFDCFDF9F8EE4D251322" box="[543,613,1825,1851]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1151,1176]" captionTargetBox="[173,1421,504,1118]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,489,1132]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Dorsolateral view (left), and ventral view of left hand and left foot (right) of the holotype of Pristimantis ferwerdai sp. nov. For scaling, we added 1-mm lines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3356484/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="544">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). An adult male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB252ADFFDFFFDCFCCCF8EE4CCF1322" box="[810,911,1825,1851]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.34" pageId="7" pageNumber="544" unit="mm" value="23.4">23.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in snout-vent length (SVL). Head longer than wide, as narrow as the body; upper eyelid with one to five conical tubercles, one of which is considerably higher than the other ones; head width 39.7% of SVL and head length 44.0% of SVL; moderate snout (distance from eye to nostril 14% of SVL), rounded in dorsal and lateral views; eye diameter larger than eye-nostril distance; nostrils directed anterolaterally;
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFDFFFDCFE56F87E4D2F13D2" box="[432,623,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="544">canthus rostralis</emphasis>
|
||
weakly concave in profile; cranial crests absent; tympanic membrane distinct; vomerine odontophores low, oblique in outline; skin on dorsum finely shagreen with interspersed low tu- bercles; dorsal hourglass shaped folds present; skin of throat and venter without warts; subarticular tubercles prominent, round; supernumerary palmar tubercles present; fingers bearing narrow lateral fringes; Finger I conspicuously shorter than Finger II (Finger I length 68% of Finger II length); all finger discs expanded, elliptical in shape. Tibia length 56.4% of SVL; femur length 24.4% of SVL; heel tubercle conical and large; tarsal tubercles small; toes bearing narrow lateral fringes; webbing absent; all other toe discs expanded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5FF48FFD0FFD3FF21FE824E0015CA" blockId="8.[151,1436,153,467]" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFD0FFD3FF21FE824D18157E" bold="true" box="[199,600,332,359]" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F141EAFFD0FFD3FF21FE824E74157E" box="[199,308,333,359]" pageId="8" pageNumber="545" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
measurements (in mm)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Snout-to-vent length = 23.4, tibia length = 13.2, forelimb length = 5.7, femur length = 11.9, head length = 10.3, greatest head width = 9.3, distance from the eye to the nostril = 3.3, interorbital diameter = 4.1, distance from the tympanum to the eye = 1.1, diameter of the eye = 2.6 and diameter of the tympanum 1.3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF35AFC0FFD0FFD3FF71FBB04D0C10A2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3356484/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="545" startId="8.[151,250,1151,1176]" targetBox="[173,1421,504,1118]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5FF48FFD0FFD3FF71FBB04D0C10A2" blockId="8.[151,1437,1151,1212]" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFD0FFD3FF71FBB04E4D1081" bold="true" box="[151,269,1151,1176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsolateral view (left), and ventral view of left hand and left foot (right) of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFD0FFD3FB5FFB4F4ADD108E" authority="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos, 2019" authorityName="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos" authorityYear="2019" box="[1209,1437,1151,1175]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferwerdai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFD0FFD3FB5FFB4F4ADD108E" box="[1209,1437,1151,1175]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">Pristimantis ferwerdai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D9E21FFD0FFD3FF71FB6C4FA810A2" box="[151,232,1187,1211]" pageId="8" pageNumber="545" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFD0FFD3FF71FB6C4FA810A2" bold="true" box="[151,232,1187,1211]" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
For scaling, we added 1-mm lines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5FF48FFD0FFD3FF21FB264D2D1275" blockId="8.[151,1437,1257,2004]" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFD0FFD3FF21FB264EDC111D" bold="true" box="[199,412,1257,1284]" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">Coloration in life.</emphasis>
|
||
Despite among-individuals variation in coloration, the dorsum generally intergrades green to lime-green against a predominantly dark background: black or dark brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1371E3CDFFD0FFD3FBFCFAC14B201131" box="[1050,1120,1293,1320]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1969,1994]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,206,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1445,196,1927]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Variation among individuals in dorsal, inguinal (left) and ventral pattern in Pristimantis ferwerdai sp. nov. at the Mesenia-Paramillo Nature Reserve (northwestern Colombian Andes)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3356486/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). We kept animals in captivity for several weeks and did not detect appreciable changes in coloration. The pattern extends toward the dorsal surface of the limbs. Some individuals exhibit a mid-dorsal whitish line, as in many other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFD0FFD3FAEAFA984AD51169" box="[1292,1429,1367,1392]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFD0FFD3FAEAFA984AD51169" box="[1292,1429,1367,1392]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">Pristimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The flanks are predominantly dark, often crossed by oblique white bands or blotches, more evident toward the inguinal area. A nearly vertical whitish line below the eye and toward the mandible was evident in all individuals we examined. The ventral skin was generally very dark, more often black, mottled with white spots, blotches or white lines. In some individuals, the black and white coloration is suffused giving the general impression of brown, but the inguinal area remains patterned with a strong dark and white pattern. In most individuals, a darker triangle, with the tip towards the middle part of the body, is delimited by lighter areas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1371E3CDFFD0FFD3FC25F9E14B471251" box="[963,1031,1581,1608]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1969,1994]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,206,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1445,196,1927]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Variation among individuals in dorsal, inguinal (left) and ventral pattern in Pristimantis ferwerdai sp. nov. at the Mesenia-Paramillo Nature Reserve (northwestern Colombian Andes)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3356486/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Eyes are copper with black pupils, often crossed by a horizontal reddish line.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5FF48FFD0FFD3FF21F9B94A4D12E5" blockId="8.[151,1437,1257,2004]" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFD0FFD3FF21F9B94EC71289" bold="true" box="[199,391,1653,1680]" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
The species was found at night, in heavily forested areas, resting on moss or branches. Although no information is available on reproduction, the eggs are probably terrestrial and develop directly into froglets as in all known species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFD0FFD3FDE3F9704DCE12C1" box="[517,654,1727,1752]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFD0FFD3FDE3F9704DCE12C1" box="[517,654,1727,1752]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">Pristimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The species was found syntopic with at least seven other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFD0FFD3FF71F92C4E6012E5" box="[151,288,1763,1788]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFD0FFD3FF71F92C4E6012E5" box="[151,288,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">Pristimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the same habitat. Among them,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFD0FFD3FD41F92C4C1E12E5" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[679,862,1762,1788]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythropleura">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFD0FFD3FD41F92C4C1E12E5" box="[679,862,1762,1788]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">P. erythropleura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was by far the most abundant species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5FF48FFD0FFD3FF21F8CA4DD413CD" blockId="8.[151,1437,1257,2004]" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFD0FFD3FF21F8CA4EFA1339" bold="true" box="[199,442,1797,1824]" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">Conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||
To date, the new species is only known from the Mesenia-Paramillo nature reserve within an area of less than 500 ha; no specimens of this species were found in the large herpetological collection at the Universidad de
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498E31AAFFD0FFD3FEAEF8814EFC1371" box="[328,444,1870,1896]" country="Colombia" name="Antioquia" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">Antioquia</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Due to the lack of information on its distribution, the relatively small area of the nature reserve, and the vulnerability of forests within this elevational belt, we tentatively list
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A84CBFFD0FFD3FBBBF8BC4BA51395" authority="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos, 2019" authorityName="Amézquita & Suárez & Palacios-Rodríguez & Beltrán & Rodríguez & Barrientos & Daza & Mazariegos" authorityYear="2019" box="[1117,1253,1906,1932]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferwerdai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFD0FFD3FBBBF8BC4BA51395" box="[1117,1253,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">P. ferwerdai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D9E21FFD0FFD3FB0AF8BD4A051395" box="[1260,1349,1906,1932]" pageId="8" pageNumber="545" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E235AFFD0FFD3FB0AF8BD4A051395" bold="true" box="[1260,1349,1906,1932]" pageId="8" pageNumber="545">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
as Vulnerable (VU: B1a, biii; IUCN, 2001). This classification should nonetheless be considered provisional, since the cloud forests of this area are poorly explored.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |