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<document id="4716EB331E5A71C98545282911FFF0F1" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.187219" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9408e928-c675-4a30-95a4-4589dd3316ed" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="187219" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461064394328" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Macedo, Antonio Carlos Cruz" docDate="2009" docId="03C987B2B7363720FF7B9287FD8B2EB6" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02075p032.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2075" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Plutofoenus edwardsi Turner 1927" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="FFF0FFCAB73B372EFFEC9321FFED2A37" masterDocTitle="Generic classification for the Gasteruptiinae (Hymenoptera: Gasteruptiidae) based on a cladistic analysis, with the description of two new Neotropical genera and the revalidation of Plutofoenus Kieffer" masterLastPageNumber="32" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1698583218253" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="54850CD30993085B3651FCAF9931A99D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="46CDD9CB073289F97905C51E5C51DC85">
<mods:title id="AB6CCE97917C933EEBA62D71EE927919">Generic classification for the Gasteruptiinae (Hymenoptera: Gasteruptiidae) based on a cladistic analysis, with the description of two new Neotropical genera and the revalidation of Plutofoenus Kieffer</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="875D522338FEE73E74927C0F44F2ABE7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="003E9A04DC2F56592A04DA6ED0BF491E">
<mods:roleTerm id="E23590188C883EEBBC08F992AAE86714">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="FB7E3577A399B8F214CCCB8458367208">Macedo, Antonio Carlos Cruz</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="4CCFE395543DFD3CB7129ED4BC4D62E7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="08F046C491863D2AD1BDC74BF2816B33" type="host">
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<mods:title id="6816E196D353B06223D2CC75AB5228D5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="44E91CCB67842C3CAED47CE834AB4EAC">
<mods:date id="9223B036423696BCBED8A7DA3F7DE118">2009</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="BED0919BA1C664E2E824B58FDE4B91E9" type="volume">
<mods:number id="3A5717AE6D1C9A85E8B6581F16C1917E">2075</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="C34EAAADE48A7549060C49334378AD60" unit="page">
<mods:start id="6DDFF85E111408BB3D6BF0038160DD82">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="39623AE30AF86EB8AEE9D337D335A485">32</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="9818EBE8CD58A389AABCE852D6941F84">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="FF261030524DE1796FAC88B4FF90E249" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.187219</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="705521851FE053C9F899127B50D4C4F0" type="GBIF-Dataset">9408e928-c675-4a30-95a4-4589dd3316ed</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F21E7F80439645362E7601BB6FB89850" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="160E39C2F793828B73359CCDC4E84EB7" type="Zenodo-Dep">187219</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03C987B2B7363720FF7B9287FD8B2EB6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6213184" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119614767" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6213184" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C987B2B7363720FF7B9287FD8B2EB6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C987B2B7363720FF7B9287FD8B2EB6" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<subSubSection id="C37A652FB7363723FF7B9287FCCE2BD4" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDF36A4B7363723FF7B9287FDAE2BF7" blockId="13.[151,803,422,483]" box="[151,579,422,448]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<heading id="D09781C8B7363723FF7B9287FDAE2BF7" bold="true" box="[151,579,422,448]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C604D27B7363723FF7B9287FDAE2BF7" authority="Turner, 1927" authorityName="Turner" authorityYear="1927" box="[151,579,422,448]" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Plutofoenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsi">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FF7B9287FDAE2BF7" bold="true" box="[151,579,422,448]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FF7B9287FE712BF7" bold="true" box="[151,412,422,448]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Plutofoenus edwardsi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B55B7363723FE489287FDAE2BF7" author="Turner" box="[420,579,422,448]" pageId="13" pageNumber="30" refString="Turner, R. E. (1927) New Parasitic Hymenoptera in the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9, 553 - 560." type="journal article" year="1927">Turner, 1927</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF36A4B7363723FF7B92E8FCCE2BD4" blockId="13.[151,803,422,483]" box="[151,803,457,483]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
(Figs. 3a, 3c, 6e,
<date id="FFDE1064B7363723FE8D92E8FE972BD4" box="[353,378,457,483]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">6i</date>
, 7e, 9b, 11c–d, 12b, 13d, 14b–c, 15)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A652FB7363723FF7B9137FE8E285A" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BDF36A4B7363723FF7B9137FE8E285A" blockId="13.[151,1436,534,621]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB70118AB7363723FF7B9137FE8E285A" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="4C604D27B7363723FF7B9137FDAE281A" authority="Turner, 1927: 556" authorityName="Turner" authorityPageNumber="556" authorityYear="1927" box="[151,579,534,557]" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Plutofoenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsi">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FF7B9137FE93281A" box="[151,382,534,557]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Plutofoenus edwardsi</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC110B5B7363723FE689137FDAE281A" author="Turner" box="[388,579,534,557]" page="556" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1927">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B55B7363723FE689137FDFC281A" author="Turner" box="[388,529,534,557]" pageId="13" pageNumber="30" refString="Turner, R. E. (1927) New Parasitic Hymenoptera in the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9, 553 - 560." type="journal article" year="1927">Turner, 1927</bibRefCitation>
: 556
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
–557 (description);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC110B5B7363723FCFA9137FC37281A" author="Hedicke" box="[790,986,534,557]" page="42" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1939">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B55B7363723FCFA9137FC58281A" author="Hedicke" box="[790,949,534,557]" pageId="13" pageNumber="29" refString="Hedicke, H. (1939) Gasteruptiidae. In: Hedicke, H. (Ed.) Hymenopterorum Catalogus, Pars 11. Dr. W. Junk, Graveinhage, pp. 1 - 54." type="book chapter" year="1939">Hedicke, 1939</bibRefCitation>
: 42
</treatmentCitation>
(catalog);
<treatmentCitation id="0AC110B5B7363723FBA19137FACD281A" author="De" box="[1101,1312,534,557]" page="95" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B55B7363723FBA19137FB17281A" author="De" box="[1101,1274,534,557]" pageId="13" pageNumber="29" refString="De Santis, L. (1967) Catalago de los himenopteros argentinos de la Serie Parasitica incluyendo Bethyloidea. Comision de Investigacion Cientifica, La Plata, 337 pp." type="book" year="1967">De Santis, 1967</bibRefCitation>
: 95
</treatmentCitation>
(catalog).
<taxonomicName id="4C604D27B7363723FF7B9117FD4C287A" authority="Crosskey, 1962: 383" authorityName="Crosskey" authorityPageNumber="383" authorityYear="1962" box="[151,673,566,589]" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Gasteruption" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsi">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FF7B9117FE7A287A" box="[151,407,566,589]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gasteruption edwardsi</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0AC110B5B7363723FE5C9117FD4C287A" author="Crosskey" box="[432,673,566,589]" page="383" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1962">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B55B7363723FE5C9117FD8E287A" author="Crosskey" box="[432,611,566,589]" pageId="13" pageNumber="28" refString="Crosskey, R. W. (1962) The classification of the Gasteruptiidae (Hymenoptera). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 114, 377 - 402." type="journal article" year="1962">Crosskey, 1962</bibRefCitation>
: 383
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="135B2A21B7363723FD509117FCE5287A" box="[700,776,566,589]" captionStart="FIGURE 5. a – b" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,1228,1868]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,1199,1914]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 5. a – b: Trilobitofoenus plaumanni habitus. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic states (within brackets)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187223/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
, fore wing), 397–398 (
<taxonomicName id="4C604D27B7363723FBC19117FB41287A" box="[1069,1196,566,589]" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Plutofoenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FBC19117FB41287A" box="[1069,1196,566,589]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Plutofoenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
synonymized under
<taxonomicName id="4C604D27B7363723FF2B9177FEB9285A" box="[199,340,598,621]" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Gasteruption" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FF2B9177FEB9285A" box="[199,340,598,621]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gasteruption</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A652FB7363723FF7B91BCFE6B294F" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDF36A4B7363723FF7B91BCFB7D2933" blockId="13.[151,1437,669,1082]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FF7B91BCFEF42880" bold="true" box="[151,281,669,695]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<typeStatus id="54DB8806B7363723FF7B91BCFEFE2880" box="[151,275,669,695]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Female examined.
<typeStatus id="54DB8806B7363723FDFD91BCFDA22880" box="[529,591,669,695]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FD2591BCFBF02880" bold="true" box="[713,1053,669,695]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<collectingCountry id="F3777634B7363723FD2591BCFC672880" box="[713,906,669,695]" name="Argentina" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
: Mendoza:
</emphasis>
Potrerillos, P. &amp; M. Edwards,
<date id="FFDE1064B7363723FF7B91E5FF1528E9" box="[151,248,708,734]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1927-01-06">6.I.1927</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED71AE61B7363723FEE591E5FE8528E9" box="[265,360,708,734]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">BMNH</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FE9791E2FE3528EA" bold="true" box="[379,472,707,733]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Labels:</emphasis>
(1)
<typeStatus id="54DB8806B7363723FDE691E5FDA928E9" box="[522,580,708,734]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Type</typeStatus>
H.T. (2) B.M.
<typeStatus id="54DB8806B7363723FD0491E5FCD528E9" box="[744,824,708,734]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<collectionCode id="ED71AE61B7363723FD0491E5FCD528E9" box="[744,824,708,734]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">TYPE</collectionCode>
</typeStatus>
HYM 3.a 145 (3)
<taxonomicName id="4C604D27B7363723FBF991E5FAB728E9" authority="Turn." authorityName="Turn." box="[1045,1370,708,734]" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Plutofoenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsi">Plutofoenus edwardsi Turn.</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="54DB8806B7363723FA8E91E5FA7128E9" box="[1378,1436,708,734]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Type</typeStatus>
(4) Potrerillos
<date id="FFDE1064B7363723FEAD91CBFE452933" box="[321,424,746,772]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1927-01-06">6.1.1927</date>
(5)
<collectingCountry id="F3777634B7363723FE3591CBFDBF2933" box="[473,594,746,772]" name="Argentina" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Argentina</collectingCountry>
: Mendoza Prov. P.&amp; M. Edwards B.M.
<date id="FFDE1064B7363723FBCE91CBFB612933" box="[1058,1164,746,772]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1927" valueMax="1963">1927–63</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF36A4B7363723FF299031FE6B294F" blockId="13.[151,1437,669,1082]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FF299031FDF1291D" bold="true" box="[197,540,784,810]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Other specimens examined.</emphasis>
Four females.
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FD269031FC32291D" bold="true" box="[714,991,784,810]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<collectingCountry id="F3777634B7363723FD269031FC6F291D" box="[714,898,784,810]" name="Argentina" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
: Jujuy:
</emphasis>
Volcán,
<quantity id="4C989B41B7363723FBA89030FB74291C" box="[1092,1177,785,811]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFDE1064B7363723FB489030FB11291C" box="[1188,1276,785,811]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1927-02">II.1927</date>
, (no collector specified), 2 Ƥ (
<collectionCode id="ED71AE61B7363723FEB99019FE4D2965" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:1008" box="[341,416,824,850]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:1008" name="American Entomological Institute" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">AEIC</collectionCode>
); Volcán,
<quantity id="4C989B41B7363723FDFF9019FD852965" box="[531,616,824,850]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFDE1064B7363723FD9F9019FD262965" box="[627,715,824,850]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1927-02">II.1927</date>
, (no collector specified), 2 Ƥ (one missing metasoma beyond segment 3) (
<collectionCode id="ED71AE61B7363723FEC4907FFE97294F" box="[296,378,862,888]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/e6bd-4r50" name="Fundacion e Instituto Miguel Lillo" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">IMLA</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A652FB7363723FF2990A4FC622DF8" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BDF36A4B7363723FF2990A4FED52E0D" blockId="13.[151,1437,669,1082]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FF2990A4FEA929A8" bold="true" box="[197,324,901,927]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C604D27B7363723FE0B90A4FD5D29A9" box="[487,688,901,926]" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Plutofoenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paraguayensis">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FE0B90A4FD5D29A9" box="[487,688,901,926]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. paraguayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the longer ovipositor sheath (Fig. 3c) (2.2 times longer than metasoma in
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FED2908DFE2629F2" box="[318,459,940,965]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. e d w a rd s i</emphasis>
, and 1.5 times in
<taxonomicName id="4C604D27B7363723FD58908DFC6429F2" box="[692,905,940,965]" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Plutofoenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paraguayensis">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FD58908DFC6429F2" box="[692,905,940,965]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. paraguayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Differs from
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FBA7908DFB0E29F2" box="[1099,1251,940,965]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. c h a e t u r u s</emphasis>
by the shorter ovipositor sheath (Fig. 3c) (3.0 times longer than metasoma in
<taxonomicName id="4C604D27B7363723FC9E90F3FBEC29DC" box="[882,1025,978,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Plutofoenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaeturus">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FC9E90F3FBEC29DC" box="[882,1025,978,1003]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. chaeturus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), by the head wider than long (
<figureCitation id="135B2A21B7363723FA8190F3FF5E2E24" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="21.[151,255,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[179,1414,189,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,156,1969]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 11. Head in dorsal and lateral views. a – b: Plutofoenus chaeturus; c – d: P. e d w a rd s i; e – f: P. paraguayensis; g – h: Spinolafoenus ruficornis; i – j: Trilobitofoenus alvarengai; k – l: T. plaumanni; m – n: T. sericeus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic states (within brackets)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187229/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
c) (as wide as long in
<taxonomicName id="4C604D27B7363723FE5E90D8FDAC2E25" box="[434,577,1017,1042]" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Plutofoenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaeturus">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FE5E90D8FDAC2E25" box="[434,577,1017,1042]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. chaeturus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and by the pronotum with shallow rugae (
<figureCitation id="135B2A21B7363723FBAC90D8FB792E24" box="[1088,1172,1017,1043]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="24.[151,257,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[178,1412,189,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,161,1853]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 13. Mesosoma in lateral view. a: Gasteruption bispinosum; b: G. guildingi; c: Plutofoenus chaeturus; d: P. edwardsi, e: P. paraguayensis; f: Spinolafoenus ruficornis; g: Trilobitofoenus alvarengai; h: T. plaumanni; i: T. sericeus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm. Lobes of pronotum: vl: ventral lobe; dl: dorsal lobe; ll: lateral lobe. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic states (within brackets)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187231/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
d) (with deep rugae in
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FF7B9701FEC92E0E" box="[151,292,1056,1081]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. c h a e t u r u s</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1F662CB7363723FF7B9407FEB92D57" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187222/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" targetBox="[155,1422,1137,1799]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="8BDF36A4B7363723FF7B9407FEB92D57" blockId="13.[151,1436,1830,1888]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FF7B9407FEF12D09" bold="true" box="[151,284,1830,1854]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
a–b:
<taxonomicName id="4C604D27B7363723FEB69407FD532D0A" box="[346,702,1830,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Evaniidae" genus="Spinolafoenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ruficornis" subSpecies="habitus">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FEB69407FD532D0A" box="[346,702,1830,1853]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Spinolafoenus ruficornis habitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic states (within brackets).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDF36A4B7363723FF2994AFFC622DF8" blockId="13.[151,1437,1934,2037]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FF2994AFFE152D9F" bold="true" box="[197,504,1934,1960]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Redescription. Female.</emphasis>
Length:
<quantity id="4C989B41B7363723FD8094AFFD312D9F" box="[620,732,1934,1960]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="16.5">16.5 mm</quantity>
(
<quantity id="4C989B41B7363723FD0194AFFC4A2D9F" box="[749,935,1934,1960]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.67" metricValueMax="1.83" metricValueMin="1.51" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="16.7" valueMax="18.3" valueMin="15.1">15.1–18.3 mm</quantity>
) (n=3,
<specimenCount id="9D66FD2DB7363723FBE994AFFB722D9F" box="[1029,1183,1934,1960]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
from AEIC, 1 from IMLA); ovipositor sheath length 1.37 (1.34–1.38)X body length.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A652FB7363720FF2994FAFE632E3A" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDF36A4B7363720FF2994FAFD1E2B4E" blockId="13.[151,1437,1934,2037]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,152,1153]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7363723FF2994FAFEE02DC2" bold="true" box="[197,269,2011,2037]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Head.</emphasis>
Black, rugulose to imbricate, wider than long (
<figureCitation id="135B2A21B7363723FCD994FAFC642DC2" box="[821,905,2011,2037]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="21.[151,255,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[179,1414,189,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,156,1969]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 11. Head in dorsal and lateral views. a – b: Plutofoenus chaeturus; c – d: P. e d w a rd s i; e – f: P. paraguayensis; g – h: Spinolafoenus ruficornis; i – j: Trilobitofoenus alvarengai; k – l: T. plaumanni; m – n: T. sericeus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic states (within brackets)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187229/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
c); head length 1.35 (1.33–1.37)X eye length; eye length 6.16 (5.77–6.33)X malar space; distance from posterior ocellus to occipital margin 1.55 (1.45–1.60)X distance between posterior ocelli; 1st flagellomere 0.94 (0.81–1.05)X as long as scape, 1.96 (1.83–2.00)X as long as pedicel, 0.81 (0.67–0.93)X as long as 2nd flagellomere; mandible medial tooth developed; clypeus lighter than remaining frons; clypeus and face with fine longitudinal striae; frontal carina well developed between antennae; posterior ocellus inserted at level of upper eye margin (
<figureCitation id="135B2A21B7353720FB519219FAFF2B65" box="[1213,1298,312,338]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="21.[151,255,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[179,1414,189,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,156,1969]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 11. Head in dorsal and lateral views. a – b: Plutofoenus chaeturus; c – d: P. e d w a rd s i; e – f: P. paraguayensis; g – h: Spinolafoenus ruficornis; i – j: Trilobitofoenus alvarengai; k – l: T. plaumanni; m – n: T. sericeus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic states (within brackets)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187229/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
c); occipital carina relatively narrow dorsally and wide laterally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF36A4B7353720FF2992A4FC642944" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,1153]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7353720FF2992A4FEA32BA8" bold="true" box="[197,334,389,415]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Mesosoma.</emphasis>
Mesonotum black, with edges red brown, remaining portions of mesosoma red brown, with some portions black; fore and middle legs with coxa and trochanter black or red brown, femur and tibia red brown, tibia with a white longitudinal stripe, tarsus red brown, with basal tarsomeres lighter and apical tarsomeres gradually darker; hind leg dark brown to red brown; mesosoma (excluding propleuron) 1.57 (1.47–1.68)X as long as high; propleuron 1.11 (1.02–1.15)X longer than its largest wide, 0.75 (0.73–0.76)X pronotum length; metacoxa 2.11 (1.87–2.35)X as long as wide; metatibia 4.38 (4.12–4.55)X as long as wide, 1.37 (1.33–1.40)X as long as femur, 3.43 (3.15–3.68)X as long as 1st tarsomere; propleuron rugulose dorsally and imbricate, with sparse punctations laterally; pronotal process distinct (
<figureCitation id="135B2A21B7353720FBFF91B6FB872886" box="[1043,1130,663,689]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="24.[151,257,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[178,1412,189,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,161,1853]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 13. Mesosoma in lateral view. a: Gasteruption bispinosum; b: G. guildingi; c: Plutofoenus chaeturus; d: P. edwardsi, e: P. paraguayensis; f: Spinolafoenus ruficornis; g: Trilobitofoenus alvarengai; h: T. plaumanni; i: T. sericeus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm. Lobes of pronotum: vl: ventral lobe; dl: dorsal lobe; ll: lateral lobe. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic states (within brackets)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187231/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
d); pronotum ventral lobe rugose, dorsal and lateral lobes rugulose, area between lobes with a crenulate ridge; mesoscutum estriate rugose (
<figureCitation id="135B2A21B7353720FF1091C5FEB528C9" box="[252,344,740,766]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="22.[151,255,1621,1645]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,1011,1582]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,993,1614]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 12. Mesonotum in dorsal view. a: Plutofoenus chaeturus; b: P. e d w a rd s i; c: P. paraguayensis; d: Spinolafoenus ruficornis; e: Trilobitofoenus alvarengai; f: T. plaumanni; g: T. sericeus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic states (within brackets)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187230/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
b); mesoscutellum rugulose; mesepisternum rugose; mesepimeron with irregular striae; metapleuron micro areolate dorsally, ventral margin near middle coxa rugulose, remaining portion areolate rugose; propodeum areolate (
<figureCitation id="135B2A21B7353720FDE99013FD81297B" box="[517,620,818,844]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="25.[151,258,1435,1459]" captionTargetBox="[287,1310,438,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[252,1334,429,1515]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 14. Propodeum and metacoxa in dorsal view. a: Gasteruption bispinosum; b – c: Plutofoenus edwardsi; d: Gasteruption sp. I; e: Spinolafoenus ruficornis; f: Trilobitofoenus plaumanni. Scale bar: 1.0 mm. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic states (within brackets)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187232/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs. 14</figureCitation>
b-c); fore wing vein r–m nebulous (Fig. 3a); hind wing with vein 2M+Cu pigmented; 4–6 hamuli (5/4: 25%, 5/5: 50%, 6/5: 25%).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF36A4B7353720FF29905EFEEE29D1" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,1153]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7353720FF29905EFEBD29AE" bold="true" box="[197,336,895,921]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Metasoma.</emphasis>
Dark brown, imbricate, 2.60 (2.54–2.72)X as long as mesosoma; ovipositor sheath dark brown basally and subapically, remaining portions yellow brown, 2.23 (2.17–2.29)X as long as metasoma (Fig. 3c).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF36A4B7353720FF2990D2FE632E3A" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,1153]" box="[197,398,1011,1037]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7353720FF2990D2FEE62E3A" bold="true" box="[197,267,1011,1037]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Male.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A652FB7353720FF299738FCC72E03" box="[197,810,1049,1076]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDF36A4B7353720FF299738FCC72E03" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,1153]" box="[197,810,1049,1076]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7353720FF299738FE882E04" bold="true" box="[197,357,1049,1075]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3777634B7353720FE80973BFE0D2E03" box="[364,480,1050,1076]" name="Argentina" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Argentina</collectingCountry>
(Jujuy, Mendoza) (
<figureCitation id="135B2A21B7353720FD29973BFCF12E03" box="[709,796,1050,1076]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[151,255,1356,1380]" captionTargetBox="[191,1401,198,1322]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[175,1411,179,1349]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15. Geographic distribution of the species of Plutofoenus, Spinolafoenus and Trilobitofoenus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187233/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A652FB7353720FF299761FD8B2EB6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDF36A4B7353720FF299761FD8B2EB6" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,1153]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7353720FF299761FEA32E6D" bold="true" box="[197,334,1088,1114]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Comments</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C604D27B7353720FEB19760FD8D2E6D" box="[349,608,1089,1114]" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Plutofoenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="edwardsi">
<emphasis id="B914EAB6B7353720FEB19760FD8D2E6D" box="[349,608,1089,1114]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Plutofoenus edwardsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been recorded in mid-Andean altitudes, although the records are too few to allow further interpretations.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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