268 lines
28 KiB
XML
268 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="34BFB02ABF7D2371B2EBA551640BE05F" ID-CLB-Dataset="53324" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.576.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1a9bd59f-7293-432f-b3c1-6df0bc659474" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7461280" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1671521402645" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hassan, Walaa A., Al-Shaye, Najla A., Alghamdi, Salma, Korany, Shereen M. & Iamonico, Duilio" docDate="2022" docId="03C987964B41FFA606B9055452A06688" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.576.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 576 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.576.2.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Amaranthus graecizans L." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="142" masterDocId="FFF0FFEE4B47FFA106310226570A6226" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the genus Amaranthus (Amaranthaceae) in Saudi Arabia" masterLastPageNumber="157" masterPageNumber="135" pageNumber="141" updateTime="1699413697922" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="5513C0A3309070101F1D127472A09B6D">Taxonomic revision of the genus Amaranthus (Amaranthaceae) in Saudi Arabia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1FFE46629E8C99D8E4A27674FD5E9529">Hassan, Walaa A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3D756A8C7A2536BB3D250B8720367E86">Al-Shaye, Najla A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="811EEA71AAF190BD922CF65828C8FEDF" type="ORCID">0000-0002-0447-8613</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="1D79323C704ECEADEADB2C7A93223FF1">Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P. O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia & naaalshaye @ pnu. edu. sa; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0447 - 8613</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="AAEB2194647AD0119230C71392187991" type="email">naaalshaye@pnu.edu.sa</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="881B2AFF417CCF4BFFA127A14851EDF6">Alghamdi, Salma</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7AA45C113C7B1FA22E34330ECA448238">Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P. O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia & saatalghamdi @ pnu. edu. sa; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7716 - 2233</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9352A132A4BABFCE93F10FF51DD26847" type="email">saatalghamdi@pnu.edu.sa</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="8CB787FD5573050EF7A618F742B1B28C">Korany, Shereen M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8F242BA26AAA44096EEE8B5DCDBE9030">Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P. O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia & smkorany @ pnu. edu. as; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9355 - 3952</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A142D5E593C4B1D1FEA1C535A78CE660" type="email">smkorany@pnu.edu.as</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="1E3678C213B57FBACAE05243B69F415A">Iamonico, Duilio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BD6BD357561EDAE467A093ABBC254DD3">Ce. R. S. I. Te. S., University of Rome Sapienza, viale XXIV Maggio 7, 04100 - Latina, Italy & duilio. iamonico @ uniroma 1. it; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5491 - 7568 & Authors that contributed equally to the work</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="BC4A65AF8E907429F832A506E76C06DF">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A72271C2C317179673E17167CF03D7BC">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:url id="A41B9F5134E78F41971BA784B989FEDD">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.576.2.1</mods:url>
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<treatment id="03C987964B41FFA606B9055452A06688" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7465654" ID-GBIF-Taxon="206458924" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7465654" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C987964B41FFA606B9055452A06688" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C987964B41FFA606B9055452A06688" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="142" pageId="6" pageNumber="141">
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<subSubSection id="C37A650B4B41FFA706B9055455C865AB" box="[136,706,1905,1933]" pageId="6" pageNumber="141" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDF36804B41FFA706B9055455C865AB" blockId="6.[136,1451,1905,2039]" box="[136,706,1905,1933]" pageId="6" pageNumber="141">
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<heading id="D09781EC4B41FFA706B9055455C865AB" box="[136,706,1905,1933]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="141" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B914EA924B41FFA706B90554579765AA" bold="true" box="[136,157,1906,1932]" pageId="6" pageNumber="141">5.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D034B41FFA70695055756D265AA" ID-CoL="65Z9L" authority="L." authorityName="L." box="[164,472,1905,1932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="141" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graecizans">
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<emphasis id="B914EA924B41FFA70695055756BD65AA" bold="true" box="[164,439,1905,1932]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="141">Amaranthus graecizans</emphasis>
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L.
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</taxonomicName>
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, Sp.
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<bibCitation id="5E4A3EEC4B41FFA7043E055455C865AB" box="[527,706,1906,1933]" journal="Pl." page="990" pageId="6" pageNumber="141" score="0.2594558430405583" volume="2" year="1753">Pl. 2: 990. 1753</bibCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37A650B4B41FFA706B905BC526265D1" pageId="6" pageNumber="141" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BDF36804B41FFA706B905BC53FB65F5" blockId="6.[136,1451,1905,2039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="141">
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Type (
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<typeStatus id="54DB88224B41FFA706F405BF56156589" box="[197,287,1945,1967]" pageId="6" pageNumber="141" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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designated by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B714B41FFA7078505BF55636589" author="Fernald, M. L." box="[436,617,1945,1967]" pageId="6" pageNumber="141" pagination="93 - 142" refId="ref15783" refString="Fernald, M. L. (1945) Botanical specialities of the Seward Forest and adjacent Areas of Southeastern Virginia. Rhodora 47: 93 - 142." type="journal article" year="1945">Fernald 1945: 139</bibRefCitation>
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):—
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<collectingCountry id="F37776104B41FFA704A105BC55DA6589" box="[656,720,1946,1967]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="141">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
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<emphasis id="B914EA924B41FFA704E705BF54846589" box="[726,910,1945,1967]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="141">
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Habitat in
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<collectingRegion id="49A4F8624B41FFA7057005BC54846589" box="[833,910,1946,1967]" country="United States of America" name="Virginia" pageId="6" pageNumber="141">Virginia</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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, Herb. Clayton No. 442 (BM000051563!, image of the
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<typeStatus id="54DB88224B41FFA7068C059B561F65F5" box="[189,277,1981,2003]" pageId="6" pageNumber="141" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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available at https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/ca635ca9-9252-42a3-9082-60ec097bc2d6/1641427200000).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDF36804B41FFA706B905C4526265D1" blockId="6.[136,1451,1905,2039]" box="[136,1384,2017,2039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="141">
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=
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D034B41FFA706AD05C7552B65D1" authority="Lam., Encycl." authorityName="Lam., Encycl." box="[156,545,2017,2039]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="141" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolius">
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<emphasis id="B914EA924B41FFA706AD05C7569965D0" box="[156,403,2017,2038]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="141">Amaranthus angustifolius</emphasis>
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Lam., Encycl.
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</taxonomicName>
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[J. Lamarck & al.] 1: 115. 1783,
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<emphasis id="B914EA924B41FFA7055105C454CD65D0" box="[864,967,2017,2039]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="141">nom. illeg.</emphasis>
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Art.
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<superScript id="7C159BC84B41FFA705C605C7532265CB" attach="left" box="[1015,1064,2017,2039]" fontSize="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="141">52.21</superScript>
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of the ICN (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B714B41FFA7029005C7525765D1" author="Turland, N. J. & Wiersema, J. H. & Barrie, F. R. & Greuter, W. & Hawksworth, D. L. & Herendeen, P. S. & Knapp, S. & Kusber, W. - H. & Li, D. - Z. & Marhold, K. & May, T. W. & McNeill, J. & Monro, A. M. & Prado, J. & Price, M. J. & Smith, G. F." box="[1185,1373,2017,2039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="141" pagination="1 - 254" refId="ref18544" refString="Turland, N. J., Wiersema, J. H., Barrie, F. R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D. L., Herendeen, P. S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W. - H., Li, D. - Z., Marhold, K., May, T. W., McNeill, J., Monro, A. M., Prado, J., Price, M. J. & Smith, G. F. (2018) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress, Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159: i - xxxviii + 1 - 254. https: // doi. org / 10.12705 / Code. 2018" type="journal article" year="2018">
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Turland
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<emphasis id="B914EA924B41FFA702C205C4522E65D0" box="[1267,1316,2017,2039]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="141">et al.</emphasis>
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2018
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<footnote id="E87B2A8E4B41FFA706B90A3053E76A0D" box="[136,1261,2070,2092]" pageId="6" pageNumber="141">
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<paragraph id="8BDF36804B41FFA706B90A3053E76A0D" blockId="6.[136,1261,2070,2092]" box="[136,1261,2070,2092]" pageId="6" pageNumber="141">
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1
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D034B41FFA706F20A3056B16A0D" box="[195,443,2070,2091]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="141" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolius">
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<emphasis id="B914EA924B41FFA706F20A3056B16A0D" box="[195,443,2070,2091]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="141">Amaranthus angustifolius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was described citing among synonyms an earlier legitimate name (
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D034B41FFA702700A3053CE6A0A" box="[1089,1220,2070,2092]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="141" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graecizans">
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<emphasis id="B914EA924B41FFA702700A3053CE6A0A" box="[1089,1220,2070,2092]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="141">A. graecizans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L.).
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</paragraph>
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</footnote>
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<subSubSection id="C37A650B4B40FFA606B902B852A06688" pageId="7" pageNumber="142" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8BDF36804B40FFA606B902B8549863FE" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,1049]" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EA924B40FFA606B902B85632629E" bold="true" box="[136,312,158,184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">Description:—</emphasis>
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Herbs 1–8 dm tall, monoecious, annual (therophyte). Stems erect or ascending, ± glabrous (sometimes sparsely pubescent in the distal region), pale to black-brown to reddish, usually branched. Leaves usually green, ovaterhomboidal to lanceolate (decreasing in size towards stem apex), with entire margins, apex acute or obtuse, sometimes mucronate, base cuneate, glabrous, petioled [petiole (1.0–)2.0–5.0(–6.0) cm long]. Synflorescences arranged in axillary glomerules, often reddish. Floral bracts brown-yellowish, lanceolate (1.2–2.0 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4C989B654B40FFA6023003085382636E" box="[1025,1160,302,328]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="142" unit="mm" value="0.44999999999999996" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.6 mm</quantity>
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) as long as or shorter than the perianth, acute, margin entire, glabrous. Staminate flowers with 3 tepals, ovate to lanceolate; stamens 3. Pistillate flowers with 3 tepals, ovate-lanceolate [(1.3–)1.5–2.0 ×
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<quantity id="4C989B654B40FFA604C40350547563B7" box="[757,895,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="142" unit="mm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.7 mm</quantity>
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||
], with acute, and often mucronate apex; stigmas 3. Fruit brown, subglobose [(1.5–)2.0–2.5(–2.7) × (1.0–)1.4–1.5(–1.8) mm], longer than the perianth, rugose, dehiscent. Seed lenticular [1.0–1.3(–1.5) mm in diameter], black to dark-brown.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BDF36804B40FFA6068C03C45598604E" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,1049]" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EA924B40FFA6068C03C4566A63DA" bold="true" box="[189,352,482,508]" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">Chorology:—</emphasis>
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||
Paleotemperate taxon native to Europe, Central-Western Asia, and Northern Africa (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B714B40FFA6037103C457C96006" author="Carretero J. L." pageId="7" pageNumber="142" pagination="559 - 569" refId="ref15181" refString="Carretero J. L. (1990) Amaranthus L. In: Castroviejo, S., Lainz, M., Lopez Gonzales, G., Montserrat, P., Munoz Garmendia, F., Paiva, J. & Villar, L. (Eds.) Flora Iberica, vol. 2. Real Jardin Botanico, CSIC, Madrid, pp. 559 - 569." type="book chapter" year="1990">Carretero 1990</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B714B40FFA606FD002056656006" author="Akeroyd, J. R." box="[204,367,518,544]" pageId="7" pageNumber="142" pagination="130 - 132" refId="ref14296" refString="Akeroyd, J. R. (1993) Amaranthus L. In: Tutin, T. G., Burges, N. A., Chater, A. O., Edmondson, J. R., Heywood, V. H., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. (Eds.) Flora Europaea (second edition), vol. 1. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 130 - 132." type="book chapter" year="1993">Akeroyd 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Boulos 1999,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B714B40FFA60425002055E56006" author="Ghafoor, A. & Jafri, S. M. H. & El-Gadi, A." box="[532,751,518,544]" pageId="7" pageNumber="142" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref16145" refString="Ghafoor, A., Jafri, S. M. H. & El-Gadi, A. (1977) Amaranthaceae. In: Jafri, S. M. H. & El-Gadi, A. (Eds.) Flora of Libya, vol. 42. Al Faateh University, Tripoli, pp. 1 - 25." type="book chapter" year="1977">
|
||
Ghafoor
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EA924B40FFA60446002155A56006" box="[631,687,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1977
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B714B40FFA604CB002154F16007" author="Fennane, M. & Tatou, M." box="[762,1019,518,545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="142" pagination="1 - 483" refId="ref15745" refString="Fennane, M. & Tatou, M. (2005) Flore Vasculaire du Maroc. Inventaire et chorologie. Travaux de l'Institut Scientifique, Universite Mohammed V. Serie Botanique 37: 1 - 483." type="journal article" year="2005">Fennane & Tatou 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Le Floc’h
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EA924B40FFA60249002153A56006" box="[1144,1199,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008), it is considered introduced in some European countries, North America,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37776104B40FFA60528000C54A76062" box="[793,941,554,580]" name="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37776104B40FFA605DF000C535F6062" box="[1006,1109,554,580]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B714B40FFA60257000C52036062" author="POWO" box="[1126,1289,554,580]" pageId="7" pageNumber="142" refId="ref17650" refString="POWO (2022 a) Plants of the World Online. Amaranthus graecizans L. Available from: https: // powo. science. kew. org / taxon / urn: lsid: ipni. org: names: 10641 - 2 (accessed 29 march 2022)" type="url" year="2022">POWO 2022a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and literature therein). Concerning
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37776104B40FFA6074600685501604E" box="[375,523,590,616]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, it is native.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36804B40FFA6068C0054544460DE" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,1049]" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">
|
||
At subspecific rank two main distribution areas can be distinguished, the first one including Central and southern Europe plus North Africa [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D034B40FFA6078900B055896096" box="[440,643,662,688]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="graecizans" subSpecies="graecizans">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EA924B40FFA6043B00B155896096" box="[522,643,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">graecizans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D034B40FFA6048C00B053156097" authority="(Vill.) Brenan" authorityName="Brenan" baseAuthorityName="Vill." box="[701,1055,662,689]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="graecizans" subSpecies="sylvestris">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EA924B40FFA6053D00B0547E6096" box="[780,884,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">sylvestris</emphasis>
|
||
(Vill.) Brenan
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
], the second area being the eastern Europe (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37776104B40FFA606DB009C563C60F2" box="[234,310,698,724]" name="Russia" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and adjacent territories) plus Central and southern Asia [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D034B40FFA605F7009C527060F2" authority="(Thell.) Costea" authorityName="Costea" baseAuthorityName="Thell." box="[966,1402,698,724]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="sylvestris" subSpecies="aschersonianus">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EA924B40FFA60228009C53CD60F2" box="[1049,1223,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">aschersonianus</emphasis>
|
||
(Thell.) Costea
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D034B40FFA606B900F8552260DE" authority="(Nevski) Gusev" authorityName="Gusev" baseAuthorityName="Nevski" box="[136,552,734,760]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="graecizans" subSpecies="thellungianus">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EA924B40FFA606E700F8566460DE" box="[214,366,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">thellungianus</emphasis>
|
||
(Nevski) Gusev
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
] (see Iamonico 2015: 34).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36804B40FFA6068C012455CD613A" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,1049]" box="[189,711,770,796]" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EA924B40FFA6068C0124553B613A" bold="true" box="[189,561,770,796]" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">
|
||
Occurrence in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37776104B40FFA6075F01245505613A" box="[366,527,770,796]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
|
||
:—
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
See varieties.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36804B40FFA6068C01005512663E" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,1049]" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EA924B40FFA6068C010056F16166" bold="true" box="[189,507,806,832]" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">Taxonomic annotations:—</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D034B40FFA607CA0100540C6166" box="[507,774,806,832]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graecizans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EA924B40FFA607CA0100540C6166" box="[507,774,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">Amaranthus graecizans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a species morphologically variable, especially regarding the hairiness of stem, the shape of leaves (lanceolate or ovate-rhomboidal), the structure of synflorescence (with or without terminal synflorescence), the apex of bracts and tepals (acute-mucronate or awned), the margin of seed (obtuse or acute), and the dehiscence/indehiscence of fruit. These variability is currently interpreted recognizing four subspecies, i.e. subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EA924B40FFA607A10191550361F6" box="[400,521,951,976]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">graecizans</emphasis>
|
||
, subsp.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D034B40FFA6045C019054EC61F6" box="[621,998,950,977]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="sylvestris" subSpecies="aschersonianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EA924B40FFA6045C019055DF61F6" box="[621,725,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">sylvestris</emphasis>
|
||
, subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EA924B40FFA60509019054EC61F6" box="[824,998,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">aschersonianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D034B40FFA605C9019053E861F6" box="[1016,1250,950,976]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="graecizans" subSpecies="thellungianus">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EA924B40FFA6027B019053E861F6" box="[1098,1250,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">thellungianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B714B40FFA6036E019057CF61D2" author="Costea, M." pageId="7" pageNumber="142" pagination="646 - 649" refId="ref15339" refString="Costea, M. (2003) The identity of a cultivated Amaranthus from Asia and a new nomenclature combination. Economic Botany 57: 646 - 649. https: // doi. org / 10.1663 / 0013 - 0001 (2003) 057 [0646: NOEP] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2003">Costea 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Based on our field surveys and according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B714B40FFA604E001FC549461D2" author="Chaudhary, S. A." box="[721,926,986,1012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="142" refId="ref15255" refString="Chaudhary, S. A. (1998) Flora of the Kingdom of the Saudi Arabia, vol. 1. Ministry of Agriculture & Water, Riyadh, 692 pp." type="book" year="1998">Chaudhary (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
three subspecies occur in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37776104B40FFA602F901FC525461D2" box="[1224,1374,986,1012]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. These taxa can be distinguisced as follow:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36804B40FFA606B9066552A1667E" blockId="7.[136,1451,1091,1199]" box="[136,1451,1091,1113]" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">
|
||
1. Bracts and tepals awned (awn
|
||
<quantity id="4C989B654B40FFA607C606655560667E" box="[503,618,1091,1112]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="142" unit="mm" value="0.5" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long)................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D034B40FFA602D4066552A1667E" box="[1253,1451,1091,1113]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="graecizans" subSpecies="thellungianus">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EA924B40FFA60319066552A1667E" box="[1320,1451,1091,1112]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">thellungianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36804B40FFA606B9064652A16653" blockId="7.[136,1451,1091,1199]" box="[136,1451,1119,1141]" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">
|
||
2. Bracts and tepals mucronate (mucro about
|
||
<quantity id="4C989B654B40FFA6045E064655B26653" box="[623,696,1120,1141]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="142" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long)..................................................................................................................3
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36804B40FFA606B9065A52A166B4" blockId="7.[136,1451,1091,1199]" box="[136,1451,1148,1170]" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">
|
||
3. Leaf blade lanceolate [2.0–3.0(–4.0) × 0.5–1.0 cm], ratio length/width of the blade 3.0–6.0................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D034B40FFA60331065A52A166B4" box="[1280,1451,1148,1170]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="graecizans" subSpecies="graecizans">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EA924B40FFA60372065B52A166B4" box="[1347,1451,1149,1170]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">graecizans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36804B40FFA606B906BF52A06688" blockId="7.[136,1451,1091,1199]" box="[136,1450,1177,1199]" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">
|
||
- Leaf blade ovate-rhomboidal [5.0–6.0 × 2.5–3.0(–3.5) cm], ratio length/width of the blade 1.8–2.2.......................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D034B40FFA6033E06BF52A06688" box="[1295,1450,1177,1199]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="graecizans" subSpecies="sylvestris">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EA924B40FFA6036006BF52A06688" box="[1361,1450,1177,1198]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="142">sylvestris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |