298 lines
38 KiB
XML
298 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0ab1eb2c-b111-4af1-8c4c-15edd0627926" ID-PMC="PMC9848744" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1106-165" ID-Pensoft-UUID="46F78E589F6A5CC89A0199F10BA4407C" ID-PubMed="36760822" ID-ZooBank="EFA7EF372B83458D931D9A53DB311472" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1106-165" checkinTime="1655840326526" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Choo, Seohwi, Jeong, Man-Ki & Soh, Ho Young" docDate="2022" docId="EAF6ACF97B105A92BFE8E99FD96875EC" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1106: 165-211" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1106" docPubDate="2022-06-21" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184" docTitle="Aidanosagitta crassa" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="46F78E589F6A5CC89A0199F10BA4407C" lastPageNumber="165" masterDocId="46F78E589F6A5CC89A0199F10BA4407C" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic reassessment of chaetognaths (Chaetognatha, Sagittoidea, Aphragmophora) from Korean waters" masterLastPageNumber="211" masterPageNumber="165" pageNumber="165" updateTime="1732485457127" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="D8F687050B035ADBA4C85C93F0C17B98" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="CE637C8D653013BA5077690B06E99CEC">
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<mods:title id="D197345D019F932C10713E00C8DF4AF4">Taxonomic reassessment of chaetognaths (Chaetognatha, Sagittoidea, Aphragmophora) from Korean waters</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="3BB434C37C8F2880C72E987436FA1AEE" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="3F725DFB568CE2F9CA82EF5E7058B2F6">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7E91F0D226E39A11545CDC48301A00AB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="10F6389B98CF24642F9E7896E11FF929">Choo, Seohwi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="375A22DE1E7566D06606F66D838B6952">Big data Fishery Resource Management Interdisciplinary Program, Chonnam University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="9B923272C727DA6BA046D392057E66D4" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="70C286E23076855C1DDAC3C39EE0E385">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FE12244B1C0527C9A62DD758362CBDE1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1EAF4323CE448B5699227235D2826AD3">Jeong, Man-Ki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0A383289FC5E78EA510E5E56A589FE1F" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2478-3797</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="48D54310BA17D5BF5CBBA48245D7E7FE">Department of Smart Fisheries Resources Management, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0E9F43298A68CDECB403DCE848F237D5" type="email">jmgdeux@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="5A1A519B7009BFE7EE1158BA8A139515" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4DBDB8052C89B5F1E220A66EBCA9E26C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="8FF30A171E4F2B475B31144483959FD0">Soh, Ho Young</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B340661AB1332FE9EB75A9926A60B95A">Big data Fishery Resource Management Interdisciplinary Program, Chonnam University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea & Department of Smart Fisheries Resources Management, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2AEB43980DEBB5B0F9E208CD02C9E6B8" type="email">hysoh@chonnam.ac.kr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C215E8E72903E273B0372F1CA41139D4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="BFD75488AF688CB4F3E97AD55BB4AACB" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F614B4E3CCF8B2087133F847F6004FDC">
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<mods:title id="60FE50119E641A0C6D8F0711640DA5BA">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="EDAF88862A1135CCCAEAA99A32E1BDC0">
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<mods:date id="B6589EE9CDD590EBA16DB772BDAC8100">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="82EDEC5B29B4D6F319A6BA9C437E782C" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="A54793FDB1FF8493BD6177190EDAB1C4">2022-06-21</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="582815833D77D9C14991FB386C00711A" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A09BBE0D165286F928049E7240D84A0B">1106</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="5193AFAB4F4DDD161BD083DEB7DD2E86" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="39D41B3B6023FC7C57AC0C8E9573BC3C">165</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="B47A537B57159D9229A525507D6DCA07">211</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location id="CCAD93943F5691BAA3E982AEA4D4CDFF">
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<mods:url id="E555AE6FB69309512E8EAD282A1C362F">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="5DE65F880DE00069BA8F3700945D376A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="FD8EA130BCC5F13262729411C844E6C3" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="06573F585F351055A13ED39117BFAB84" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1106-165</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B219D95BF1A4E4B9ECC8EAB1EFB038CC" type="ZooBank">EFA7EF372B83458D931D9A53DB311472</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8342A874809401646C6D56760D21471B" type="Pensoft-UUID">46F78E589F6A5CC89A0199F10BA4407C</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="EAF6ACF97B105A92BFE8E99FD96875EC" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196097657" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EAF6ACF97B105A92BFE8E99FD96875EC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EAF6ACF97B105A92BFE8E99FD96875EC" lastPageNumber="165" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" scope_class="Sagittoidea" scope_family="Sagittidae" scope_order="Aphragmophora" scope_phylum="Chaetognatha">
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<subSubSection id="6D32EE6F9597A4FD0D88540BB490DFE3" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3945DC00A22F8CEFA804594545F45E04" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<taxonomicName id="2EE70882B31C1DBE07BA0368FBAD6399" ID-CoL="BC5W" LSID="EAF6ACF9-7B10-5A92-BFE8-E99FD96875EC" authority="(Tokioka, 1939)" baseAuthorityName="Tokioka" baseAuthorityYear="1939" class="Sagittoidea" family="Sagittidae" genus="Aidanosagitta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aidanosagitta crassa" order="Aphragmophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chaetognatha" rank="species" species="crassa">Aidanosagitta crassa (Tokioka, 1939)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="586C8901B9E8BFD969043103F27A748B" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="description">
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<paragraph id="59380B5A5D00B5EDA3F138EC0BFE15A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<figureCitation id="356D87103CE0D22131386E0D735A6065" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Appearance of body A transparent and flaccid body (Flaccisagitta enflata) B translucent body (Pterosagitta draco) C opaque and rigid body (Aidanosagitta crassa)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704187" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Figs 3C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="702E5E74217C5641A0743005FEC10A3E" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Presence and absence of rayless zone on lateral fins A black arrow shows rayless zone on posterior fin (Zonosagitta nagae) B completely rayed fin (Aidanosagitta crassa)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704189" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">, 5B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="EFBC4C9EA18CA649579A78C73684B878" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. A Aidanosagitta crassa Type C (dorsal view) B Aidanosagitta crassa Type N (dorsal view) C head and neck D tail E anterior fin F posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; CC = corona ciliata; COL = collarette; E = eye; IN = intestine; ID = intestine diverticula; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704203" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">, 19A-F</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3C6577A2CCB9502A5FC6CB9664FC0AA7" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="84496F22A53B119B2630C8E4754F794C" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<taxonomicName id="C7C235DB24035A2128942549274A3982" baseAuthorityName="Tokioka" baseAuthorityYear="1939" class="Sagittoidea" family="Sagittidae" form="naikaiensis" genus="Aidanosagitta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aidanosagitta crassa subsp. f." order="Aphragmophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chaetognatha" rank="form" species="crassa" subSpecies="f.">Aidanosagitta crassa f. naikaiensis</taxonomicName>
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: Tokioka, 1959: 376-377 p., fig. 16, table 15.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="93D9310FCE7A6C24ABDFDDA859C22796" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<taxonomicName id="4311326706972B03AAF6602EA2118EF4" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1938" class="Sagittoidea" family="Sagittidae" genus="Sagitta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sagitta crassa" order="Aphragmophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chaetognatha" rank="species" species="crassa">Sagitta crassa</taxonomicName>
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: Tokioka, 1939: 349-352 p., figs 1-8
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5A67650DD68BBB6C964BF7247C1382EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="06D31876A15F74989363BED74F97257F" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EE3A31F2FCC33557FE49EB7A55C9E44D" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<materialsCitation id="E0192136F873BA0261A99FFB3B7E66F7" collectingDate="2020-02" collectingMethod="oblique towing with conical net" elevation="50" latitude="37.5533" location="East Sea" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="131.2433" specimenCount="one" typeStatus="Type">
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<emphasis id="B53FC6E220A58AC24C7C4B7FA431DAE2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<typeStatus id="798A73A18FA8FEEB0622024B6F054B36">Type</typeStatus>
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C (collarette
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<typeStatus id="FC26BF672F0AC38F20B8024377EEB5D5">type</typeStatus>
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)
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</emphasis>
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:
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<location id="95CF7DF1E3E16762728C0DE79A3C0580" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EAF6ACF97B105A92BFE8E99FD96875EC:95CF7DF1E3E16762728C0DE79A3C0580" latitude="37.5533" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="131.2433" name="East Sea">East Sea</location>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="8667CBC10513DCD9A55CEC8D7B415F92" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="33.198" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="37.5533">37°33.198'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="757E2591A6FE8BF46805EA7E336512F5" degrees="131" direction="east" minutes="14.598" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="131.2433">131°14.598'E</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<elevation id="A7CEEA459E2ADB9151671D36BDC72504" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" unit="m" value="50.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="0.0">
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<quantity id="768764925C73EA45786B50DFF909B68B" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" unit="m" value="50.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="0.0">0-100 m</quantity>
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depth
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</elevation>
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,
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<collectingMethod id="8F57FB3CA9EB0F28E9A153F84BA29977">oblique towing with conical net</collectingMethod>
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,
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<collectingDate id="8D0C65D5F5D9FCD39DDB8DB90CBC5669" value="2020-02">Feb 2020</collectingDate>
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, NIBRIV0000895304 (
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<specimenCount id="A5F0E7C817DB63098FF85AB793661DC4" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="F908DD844F9F14D40A5B53C7C0937635" collectingDate="2020-07" collectingMethod="oblique towing with conical net" elevation="8" latitude="35.37583" location="Yellow Sea" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="126.08943" specimenCount="five" typeStatus="holotype">
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<location id="16B00A6C9C73CC00D364C16F0C6E916B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EAF6ACF97B105A92BFE8E99FD96875EC:16B00A6C9C73CC00D364C16F0C6E916B" latitude="35.37583" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="126.08943" name="Yellow Sea">Yellow Sea</location>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="E6D8BA3C4296071A1443B7A9349790E5" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="22.550" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="35.37583">35°22.550'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="18F96C0E15EF442F7AFC897D2D710188" degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="5.366" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="126.08943">126°5.366'E</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<elevation id="916018773325AAC682086BC1929B2777" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="16.5" metricValueMin="0.0" unit="m" value="8.25" valueMax="16.5" valueMin="0.0">
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<quantity id="C54F540C83AAAF922F64C817B46FF11A" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="16.5" metricValueMin="0.0" unit="m" value="8.25" valueMax="16.5" valueMin="0.0">0-16.5 m</quantity>
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depth
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</elevation>
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,
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<collectingMethod id="BE0ED4FE5336F12DEC48E524CA8CD672">oblique towing with conical net</collectingMethod>
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,
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<collectingDate id="5864CE0EB06888A9A56F5377874FAB2E" value="2020-07">Jul 2020</collectingDate>
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,
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<specimenCount id="1BC215FA77B0909EA9FDA004F26E1898" type="generic">five specimens</specimenCount>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="D4C6642E0E54AED3B9FED343DF55A28A" collectingDate="2020-02" collectingMethod="oblique towing with conical net" country="Korea" elevation="14" latitude="34.2283" location="Strait" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="127.59" specimenCount="one" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry id="7B0A6C3FCC7AF245856E2AAA232FE29E" name="South Korea">Korea</collectingCountry>
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<location id="9FCABB0DD5717C3A48BEB46C13AD4CA3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EAF6ACF97B105A92BFE8E99FD96875EC:9FCABB0DD5717C3A48BEB46C13AD4CA3" country="Korea" latitude="34.2283" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="127.59" name="Strait">Strait</location>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="68D4D8C8DBD828A0A295D25F13F46BBE" degrees="34" direction="north" minutes="13.698" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="34.2283">34°13.698'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="C5E71E0B49504D860F893AB55BEF4B47" degrees="127" direction="east" minutes="35.400" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="127.59">127°35.400'E</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<elevation id="821F01E204679DE87E172F4BB4F69DCD" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="0.0" unit="m" value="14.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="0.0">
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<quantity id="04B119364AA7F986D103839DCC487197" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="0.0" unit="m" value="14.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="0.0">0-28 m</quantity>
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depth
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</elevation>
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,
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<collectingMethod id="DD5D8B0609C63A3188F611EC18AEEA53">oblique towing with conical net</collectingMethod>
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,
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<collectingDate id="C4D97D0A71BE626952818964FC60C523" value="2020-02">Feb 2020</collectingDate>
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(
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<specimenCount id="9F74E5FFD5459A051ECD54A3E5D18FAC" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="3687758EDD0EC8FA3142CB6AA07E1E3E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<typeStatus id="6146FADFBDAAA99750016BED8273A234">Type</typeStatus>
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N (naked
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<typeStatus id="C390EDFE6B8B7D12A1807FD60EC9B25D">type</typeStatus>
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)
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</emphasis>
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: Yellow Sea (
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<geoCoordinate id="FC547053F3F2D3AAB15271D2061A656E" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="17.316" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="35.2886">35°17.316'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="56BC76FA1479D8FD00A045CACB38CB51" degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="10.483" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="126.17471">126°10.483'E</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<quantity id="921380C37C236443FB8894FDFAAF79C8" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="0.0" unit="m" value="3.2" valueMax="6.4" valueMin="0.0">0-6.4 m</quantity>
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depth, oblique towing with conical net,
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<date id="6CE0D884AECB9AAB9FBE1F7D412790FB" value="2020-07">Jul 2020</date>
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, NIBRIV0000895303 (
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<specimenCount id="29ADA8104EB6AA3B3EEB2F50E71D0338" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E1AF5F357939B4F1C1203C52EEA718FB" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="description">
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<paragraph id="4626EBD381A89B123A724F30EB6D5716" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F4CA1632D9B9AACB52B84A1538E7C07C" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<emphasis id="59E731DD46EAC424B06F8E46705CBAF3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Type C</emphasis>
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: total body length ranged within 9.9 and 11.2 mm. Tail 26.6-29.8% of body length. Rigid and opaque body (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="115E245481C8505A2B60A534A62B8178" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. A Aidanosagitta crassa Type C (dorsal view) B Aidanosagitta crassa Type N (dorsal view) C head and neck D tail E anterior fin F posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; CC = corona ciliata; COL = collarette; E = eye; IN = intestine; ID = intestine diverticula; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704203" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">19</figureCitation>
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). Head small. Collarette beginning at neck and reaching middle of body (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="5227B3CFFABCEC7E3D1703CC8D894F2A" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. A Aidanosagitta crassa Type C (dorsal view) B Aidanosagitta crassa Type N (dorsal view) C head and neck D tail E anterior fin F posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; CC = corona ciliata; COL = collarette; E = eye; IN = intestine; ID = intestine diverticula; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704203" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">19A</figureCitation>
|
|
). Round eyes star-shaped eye pigments. Corona ciliata beginning from neck, elongated to anterior of ventral ganglion (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="DE59F5926A6BE2AB99743EE8CEE24DA8" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. A Aidanosagitta crassa Type C (dorsal view) B Aidanosagitta crassa Type N (dorsal view) C head and neck D tail E anterior fin F posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; CC = corona ciliata; COL = collarette; E = eye; IN = intestine; ID = intestine diverticula; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704203" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">19A, B</figureCitation>
|
|
). Intestinal diverticula present (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="B815EABFC375B3CAA2EE846F9EBB6E67" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. A Aidanosagitta crassa Type C (dorsal view) B Aidanosagitta crassa Type N (dorsal view) C head and neck D tail E anterior fin F posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; CC = corona ciliata; COL = collarette; E = eye; IN = intestine; ID = intestine diverticula; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704203" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">19C</figureCitation>
|
|
). Two pairs of lateral fins completely rayed (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="D3DC8DD36D527913AA1453EED903EFE3" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. A Aidanosagitta crassa Type C (dorsal view) B Aidanosagitta crassa Type N (dorsal view) C head and neck D tail E anterior fin F posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; CC = corona ciliata; COL = collarette; E = eye; IN = intestine; ID = intestine diverticula; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704203" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">19E, F</figureCitation>
|
|
). Anterior fins 18.1% of body length. Anterior fins beginning at posterior of ventral ganglion. Starting points of anterior fins 29.6% and ending points of anterior fins 46.6% of body length, respectively (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="C124EE3D0A8DD1D96C5F40AAA320D0D0" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. A Aidanosagitta crassa Type C (dorsal view) B Aidanosagitta crassa Type N (dorsal view) C head and neck D tail E anterior fin F posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; CC = corona ciliata; COL = collarette; E = eye; IN = intestine; ID = intestine diverticula; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704203" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">19D</figureCitation>
|
|
). Posterior fins 23.0% of body length and 1.3 times longer than anterior fins. Starting of posterior fins 62.0% and ending points of posterior fins 86.9% of body length, respectively. Posterior fins well separated from anterior fins beginning at middle of body (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="CA477AA66EA3674E126CFE86DD34DC89" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. A Aidanosagitta crassa Type C (dorsal view) B Aidanosagitta crassa Type N (dorsal view) C head and neck D tail E anterior fin F posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; CC = corona ciliata; COL = collarette; E = eye; IN = intestine; ID = intestine diverticula; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704203" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">19A, D</figureCitation>
|
|
). Seminal vesicles longitudinally elongated (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="5D1145ECD23DCD3102241A3979644D7C" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. A Aidanosagitta crassa Type C (dorsal view) B Aidanosagitta crassa Type N (dorsal view) C head and neck D tail E anterior fin F posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; CC = corona ciliata; COL = collarette; E = eye; IN = intestine; ID = intestine diverticula; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704203" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">19D</figureCitation>
|
|
). Eggs reaching posterior of ventral ganglion.
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</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="24C08685E375AC246AB3884E96762BC3" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704203" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" start="Figure 19" startId="F19">
|
|
<paragraph id="A58AE5ECC6A2ABBA357B84A426173B48" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
|
<emphasis id="B5BAEE82AC3F969C6F63D7571AB82734" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Figure 19.</emphasis>
|
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<emphasis id="E2CA7F54B5416D8EFBAA1F6827E3A15B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">A</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="AEDBFD272E8B5616864811F0D2E05A4D" baseAuthorityName="Tokioka" baseAuthorityYear="1939" class="Sagittoidea" family="Sagittidae" genus="Aidanosagitta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aidanosagitta crassa" order="Aphragmophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chaetognatha" rank="species" species="crassa">
|
|
<emphasis id="A5E8ABCBA18F17830F3BF864E524622D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Aidanosagitta crassa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Type C (dorsal view)
|
|
<emphasis id="1E66A6F81B25B8AEA45A953246FE92B0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">B</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A51E0BFAD9B9E5D33E24754A3AAE6F64" baseAuthorityName="Tokioka" baseAuthorityYear="1939" class="Sagittoidea" family="Sagittidae" genus="Aidanosagitta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aidanosagitta crassa" order="Aphragmophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chaetognatha" rank="species" species="crassa">
|
|
<emphasis id="009DBE62AE0953DD2754A0C9EB3F329B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Aidanosagitta crassa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Type N (dorsal view)
|
|
<emphasis id="EA8C15DCB8AA67D53F3FC85629854D1A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">C</emphasis>
|
|
head and neck
|
|
<emphasis id="77A30F8FA2D8466C9D8A6EEE6E0B9510" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">D</emphasis>
|
|
tail
|
|
<emphasis id="62A54C1D5600915468E3D9A1649B6640" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">E</emphasis>
|
|
anterior fin
|
|
<emphasis id="CF11A4AB1C2E0F51802F75FD3467FA96" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">F</emphasis>
|
|
posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; CC = corona ciliata; COL = collarette; E = eye; IN = intestine; ID = intestine diverticula; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph id="9DA13F500E110C4238D41DAA073A1FD1" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
|
<emphasis id="587970B35C21BC042410FEE1F6F2CB01" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Type N</emphasis>
|
|
: total body length ranged between 8.1 and8.2 mm. Tail 27.0-30.0% of body length (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="B6E5A10D43476451FD96FD6BF8A3447B" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. A Aidanosagitta crassa Type C (dorsal view) B Aidanosagitta crassa Type N (dorsal view) C head and neck D tail E anterior fin F posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; CC = corona ciliata; COL = collarette; E = eye; IN = intestine; ID = intestine diverticula; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704203" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">19B</figureCitation>
|
|
). Collarette beginning at anterior of ventral ganglion and reaching posterior of ventral ganglion (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="972924CCAADB72D9B937151D7F63EB13" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. A Aidanosagitta crassa Type C (dorsal view) B Aidanosagitta crassa Type N (dorsal view) C head and neck D tail E anterior fin F posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; CC = corona ciliata; COL = collarette; E = eye; IN = intestine; ID = intestine diverticula; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704203" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">19B</figureCitation>
|
|
). Anterior fins 19.1% of body length. Anterior fins beginning at posterior of ventral ganglion. Starting points of anterior fins 34.0% and end points of anterior fins 54.6% of body length, respectively (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="CD5114388425520AE975D5B40EFACEBA" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. A Aidanosagitta crassa Type C (dorsal view) B Aidanosagitta crassa Type N (dorsal view) C head and neck D tail E anterior fin F posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; CC = corona ciliata; COL = collarette; E = eye; IN = intestine; ID = intestine diverticula; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704203" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">19B</figureCitation>
|
|
). Posterior fins 24.6% of body length and 1.3 times longer than anterior fins. Starting points of posterior head 60.9% and ending points of posterior fins 88.2% of body length, respectively. Posterior fins well-separated from anterior fins beginning at middle of body (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="6DFB70C625C4E43E45384778FCFE8BE4" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. A Aidanosagitta crassa Type C (dorsal view) B Aidanosagitta crassa Type N (dorsal view) C head and neck D tail E anterior fin F posterior fin. Abbreviations: AF = anterior fin; CC = corona ciliata; COL = collarette; E = eye; IN = intestine; ID = intestine diverticula; PF = posterior fin; SV = seminal vesicle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704203" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">19A, B</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="4C79520507900A51E72267192D1AE23C" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="3BD9674475E47FDAFD22EEA3AB887A94" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="42A9D6700D79A47003495088A6F9311F" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
|
This species is found in the neritic water of the Pacific Ocean (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="598063C2131B7ECE5104A10C716C0250" author="Pierrot-Bults, AC" editor="Bone, Q" journalOrPublisher="Oxford Science Publications, New York" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" pagination="86 - 116" refId="B70" refString="Pierrot-Bults, AC, Nair, VR, 1991. Distribution patterns in Chaetognatha. In: Bone, Q, Kapp, H, Pierrot-Bults, AC, Eds., The Biology of the Chaetognaths. Oxford Science Publications, New York: 86 - 116" title="Distribution patterns in Chaetognatha." volumeTitle="The Biology of the Chaetognaths." year="1991">Pierrot-Bults and Nair 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), the neritic coastal water of Hong Kong (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="7CADD92804F563BCB436A99EDDC16A02" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2007.01.011" author="Tse, P" journalOrPublisher="Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" pagination="290 - 298" refId="B92" refString="Tse, P, Hui, SY, Wong, CK, 2007. Species composition and seasonal abundance of Chaetognatha in the subtropical coastal waters of Hong Kong. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 73 (1-2): 290 - 298, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2007.01.011" title="Species composition and seasonal abundance of Chaetognatha in the subtropical coastal waters of Hong Kong." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2007.01.011" volume="73" year="2007">Tse et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) and the Tosa Bay of Japan (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D18AD7A215462FFF11E988EB85FC9DB0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3800/pbr.9.176" author="Ohnishi, T" journalOrPublisher="Plankton & Benthos Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" pagination="176 - 187" refId="B59" refString="Ohnishi, T, Ueda, H, Kuroda, K, 2014. Community structure and spatial distribution of chaetognaths in Tosa Bay on the temperate Kuroshio coast of Japan. Plankton & Benthos Research 9 (3): 176 - 187, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3800/pbr.9.176" title="Community structure and spatial distribution of chaetognaths in Tosa Bay on the temperate Kuroshio coast of Japan." url="https://doi.org/10.3800/pbr.9.176" volume="9" year="2014">Ohnishi et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). In this study, it was found in the epipelagic zone (0-100 m depth) of the East Sea, Korea Strait and Yellow Sea (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="605A97EB98AAF1CD887411AB44838BED" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Sampling stations in Korean waters. Empty circles, sampling stations; filled circles, the stations where the chaetognaths were secured." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1106.80184.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/704185" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">1</figureCitation>
|
|
, stations ES01, YS01, YS02 and KS01).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="6BB5A323D44A33775B62918070D9F463" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="ecology">
|
|
<paragraph id="BEDC375F02ADD64A0577C8653E923D03" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Ecology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="647DDF4DD7F891DE298DA082F384E233" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="69E83DD5D8E3DD00C4A350CBAE07845A" baseAuthorityName="Tokioka" baseAuthorityYear="1939" class="Sagittoidea" family="Sagittidae" genus="Aidanosagitta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aidanosagitta crassa" order="Aphragmophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chaetognatha" rank="species" species="crassa">
|
|
<emphasis id="17CBBF5448C0B949BF45A55D88818117" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Aidanosagitta crassa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
appears in high abundance throughout the year in the relatively low saline waters of the Yellow Sea and coast of Jeju (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="CF2F29BB86977D9A2766F2E2C4F8B3E9" author="Park, JS" journalOrPublisher="The Korean Society of Oceanography" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" refId="B61" refString="Park, JS, 1970. The chaetognaths of Korean waters. PhD Thesis, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea." title="The chaetognaths of Korean waters. PhD Thesis, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea." year="1970">Park 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). This species rarely appears in the summer warm waters of southern Korea. The body length varies according to the season and it has been reported that they are large (type C) in winter and small in summer (type N) (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="645EE51A6B8AD934E2E65A84659D462E" author="Park, JS" journalOrPublisher="The Korean Society of Oceanography" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" refId="B61" refString="Park, JS, 1970. The chaetognaths of Korean waters. PhD Thesis, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea." title="The chaetognaths of Korean waters. PhD Thesis, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea." year="1970">Park 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Specimens of type C die after spawning and those of type N dominate the new generation (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="4F480E86ABCF7EB6ADEB4E63C8CB2B2F" author="Park, JS" journalOrPublisher="The Korean Society of Oceanography" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" refId="B61" refString="Park, JS, 1970. The chaetognaths of Korean waters. PhD Thesis, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea." title="The chaetognaths of Korean waters. PhD Thesis, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea." year="1970">Park 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). We obtained specimens from the East Sea in winter and the Yellow Sea in summer.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="4E6BC2DD29E4438DDC40F7F715AD3C2E" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="remarks">
|
|
<paragraph id="B89469406B371CB6F0147BCD6B8DA265" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="1DA596774692DDD54C928C6C5AEA2A29" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
|
Previous researchers classified
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5695C9840F2EDB652CF65437105CC825" baseAuthorityName="Tokioka" baseAuthorityYear="1939" class="Sagittoidea" family="Sagittidae" genus="Aidanosagitta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aidanosagitta crassa" order="Aphragmophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chaetognatha" rank="species" species="crassa">
|
|
<emphasis id="E1A418A1982645B3EF64F9D1295EABF4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Aidanosagitta crassa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
into three types according to the distribution of the collarette: C type, covers from the neck to the body; N type, covers only the ventral ganglion; and I type, covers the ventral ganglion and partially covers the body (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BE5E7379AD6E618497F502847774FFDE" author="Park, JS" journalOrPublisher="The Korean Society of Oceanography" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" refId="B61" refString="Park, JS, 1970. The chaetognaths of Korean waters. PhD Thesis, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea." title="The chaetognaths of Korean waters. PhD Thesis, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea." year="1970">Park 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). In this study, specimens of types C and N were collected and the Korean type C from the Yellow Sea had the same morphological characteristics of the collarette as the original description of this species reported by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="CF042AD3FF2D08F9E2BC5D9E55C281B2" author="Tokioka, T" journalOrPublisher="Records of Oceanographic Works in Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" pagination="122 - 150" refId="B85" refString="Tokioka, T, 1939. Chaetognaths collected chiefly from the Bays of Sagami and Suruga with some notes on the shape and structure of the seminal vesicles. Records of Oceanographic Works in Japan 10: 122 - 150" title="Chaetognaths collected chiefly from the Bays of Sagami and Suruga with some notes on the shape and structure of the seminal vesicles." volume="10" year="1939">Tokioka (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. Similarly, type N, which appeared together with type C at other stations of the Yellow Sea, was consistent with the morphological characteristics of the collarette of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B52DB14CB8583035C2BC5CCED8BB3A07" lsidName="A. crassa" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" rank="species" species="crassa">
|
|
<emphasis id="064A7C6EEB417CE41A03406251D07B0F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">A. crassa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="23D2E251C9E9642CA95D6A6EE9F6F990" baseAuthorityName="Tokioka" baseAuthorityYear="1939" class="Sagittoidea" family="Sagittidae" form="naikaiensis" genus="Aidanosagitta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aidanosagitta crassa subsp. f." order="Aphragmophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chaetognatha" rank="form" species="crassa" subSpecies="f.">
|
|
<emphasis id="07A2C79DC5265DC57D4BB254B37830F7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Aidanosagitta crassa f. naikaiensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A29EB7CB18EFC62128901262E6880F7F" author="Tokioka, T" journalOrPublisher="Records of Oceanographic Works in Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" pagination="122 - 150" refId="B85" refString="Tokioka, T, 1939. Chaetognaths collected chiefly from the Bays of Sagami and Suruga with some notes on the shape and structure of the seminal vesicles. Records of Oceanographic Works in Japan 10: 122 - 150" title="Chaetognaths collected chiefly from the Bays of Sagami and Suruga with some notes on the shape and structure of the seminal vesicles." volume="10" year="1939">Tokioka 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). It has been reported that the three types of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="584A41D7A0425F58F8DD1C429964C616" lsidName="A. crassa" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" rank="species" species="crassa">
|
|
<emphasis id="330F2C2F396098715825CD92A4B26A22" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">A. crassa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
appear at different periods depending on environmental factors (water temperature and salinity) of the specific sea area; however, in this study, both types appeared simultaneously in the Yellow Sea. A more detailed ecological investigation of the impact of environment factors on the succession of the three types of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="37AC7BB2FE72E51174D2DE2BBA156EC8" lsidName="A. crassa" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" rank="species" species="crassa">
|
|
<emphasis id="76E048EF57A1A810C828CAAFF4594FBE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">A. crassa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is necessary. We observed four specimens for type C of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3758B0FDE23CF5DF6A1A75583A7EFC99" lsidName="A. crassa" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" rank="species" species="crassa">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A26ED03C537EB6A484F3BE7C943CA9A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">A. crassa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
CBE staining pattern: dorsomedian line, 14 dots; dorsolateral line,> 100 dots; lateral line, 8 dots; receptors on the lateral fin, 8 dots; anterolateral receptors on the caudal fin, 4 dots; posterior receptors on the caudal fin, 6 dots. The pattern of dorsomedian dots was small spots that crossed the centre of the body and larger symmetrical spots on dorsolateral line dots. In addition, we observed three specimens for type N of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1EBD843A93FBF8059B7534384B892BE0" lsidName="A. crassa" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" rank="species" species="crassa">
|
|
<emphasis id="F4D3260FF448306C33E2CBCDB8C24015" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">A. crassa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
CBE staining pattern: dorsomedian line, 35 dots; dorsolateral line, 34 dots; lateral line, 12 dots; receptors on the lateral fin, not observed; anterolateral receptors on the caudal fin, 2 dots; posterior receptors on the caudal fin, 4 dots.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |