483 lines
55 KiB
XML
483 lines
55 KiB
XML
<document id="E7A1F0CFB149492F51F54A9DABAD64AD" ID-CLB-Dataset="22545" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4589.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="375480cc-1f64-4e37-ba9d-a087e7cb34ef" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3772209" ID-ZooBank="860E8CF0-A245-46DA-9023-B0BD825730D0" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588056719988" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shakhovskoy, Ilia B. & Parin, Nikolay V." docDate="2019" docId="03A65D1AFFFEFFF70DF655D821C5F81D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4589.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4589 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Cheilopogon formosus subsp. formosus formosus (Kotthaus 1969" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FF9F2562FFFBFFF10D61501A221BFFEC" masterDocTitle="A review of the flying fish genus Cypselurus (Beloniformes: Exocoetidae). Part 1. Revision of the subgenus Zonocypselurus Parin and Bogorodsky, 2011 with descriptions of one new subgenus, four new species and two new subspecies and reinstatement of one species as valid" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1698837599151" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="47A6CEA25944C1D804CC442FE7D3B5D3">
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<mods:title id="E76A18719F7C756452554E89675509DA">A review of the flying fish genus Cypselurus (Beloniformes: Exocoetidae). Part 1. Revision of the subgenus Zonocypselurus Parin and Bogorodsky, 2011 with descriptions of one new subgenus, four new species and two new subspecies and reinstatement of one species as valid</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6CCD0C5C764E8DA13FC9551C1166ACE8">Shakhovskoy, Ilia B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="F9A6F07B3F07012EE802CFACD4B64432" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D5876107B3609BCBE059D82B41A99218">Parin, Nikolay V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2F5C2BE932EE575CEA2B28395EA58A8B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="042B4AFC92C142BF2EC97FA447C841F9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="71C831D5437344DDEF01BA75FD85DC6B">
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<mods:date id="36A77EEF0C8637E9344EE5957FADEAF2">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="98596D3FC39CAF28107AE1FB6D45CE6E">2019-03-23</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E51BC6BBCD31988AF2742BC55CE77615">4589</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="80849142F3386CE391AB3CDAE6C8B422" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4589.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A65D1AFFFEFFF70DF655D821C5F81D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3798280" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163829458" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3798280" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A65D1AFFFEFFF70DF655D821C5F81D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A65D1AFFFEFFF70DF655D821C5F81D" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<subSubSection id="C315BF87FFFEFFF40DF655D820E3FA31" box="[151,760,1474,1501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB0EC0CFFFEFFF40DF655D820E3FA31" blockId="5.[151,760,1474,1534]" box="[151,760,1474,1501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<heading id="D0F85B60FFFEFFF40DF655D820E3FA31" bold="true" box="[151,760,1474,1501]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F978FFFFEFFF40DF655D820E3FA31" authority="formosus (Kotthaus, 1969)" authorityName="formosus (Kotthaus" authorityYear="1969" baseAuthorityName="Kotthaus" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[151,760,1474,1501]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Exocoetidae" genus="Cheilopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beloniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="formosus" subSpecies="formosus">
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<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40DF655D820E3FA31" bold="true" box="[151,760,1474,1501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40DF655D8203AFA30" bold="true" box="[151,545,1474,1500]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cheilopogon formosus formosus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9E91FDFFFEFFF40F5155D920EBFA31" author="Kotthaus, A." box="[560,752,1475,1501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref51616" refString="Kotthaus, A. (1969) Fische des Indischen Ozeans. A. Systematischer Teil IV: Synentognathi. Meteor Forschungsergebnisse, Reihe D, Biologie, H. 4, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1969">Kotthaus, 1969</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C315BF87FFFEFFF40DF655FF2381FA12" box="[151,410,1509,1534]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB0EC0CFFFEFFF40DF655FF2381FA12" blockId="5.[151,760,1474,1534]" box="[151,410,1509,1534]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1334F089FFFEFFF40DFE55FF2310FA12" box="[159,267,1509,1534]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="7.[151,250,1931,1953]" captionStartId-1="8.[151,250,1754,1776]" captionStartId-2="9.[151,250,896,918]" captionTargetBox-0="[210,1367,229,1891]" captionTargetBox-1="[178,1398,225,1716]" captionTargetBox-2="[179,1413,205,859]" captionTargetId-0="figure@7.[188,1398,195,1935]" captionTargetId-1="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1733]" captionTargetId-2="figure@9.[151,1437,193,874]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Flying fish Cheilopogon formosus formosus. (A)—43 mm SL, paratype, 14°45’N 73°54’E (after Kotthaus 1969); (B)—52.5 mm SL, holotype, 14°45’N 73°54’E (after Kotthaus 1969); (C)—144 mm SL, IORAS 03412, Cochin, India; (D)— the same specimen, pectoral fin; (E)—the same specimen, close-up of head." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Size variation of morphometric characters in Cheilopogon formosus formosus (▲), Ch. formosus andamanicus (□), Ch. formosus pseudospilopterus (○) and Ch. spilopterus (x). (A)—postventral distance (pV); (B)—greatest body depth (H); (C)—lowest depth of caudal peduncle (h); (D)—length of anal fin base (lA); (E)—height of dorsal fin (HD); (F)—height of anal fin (HA). Note: for Ch. formosus formosus data from Kotthaus (1969) are included." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Distribution of flying fishes Cheilopogon formosus formosus (□), Ch. formosus pseudospilopterus (Δ), Ch. formosus andamanicus (◊), Ch. marisrubri (○), Cheilopogon (Ptenichthys) sp.1 (x) and Cheilopogon (Ptenichthys) sp. 2 (+). Filled symbols indicate capture location for fishes ≤100 mm SL, open symbols indicate capture location for fishes>100 mm SL." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772211" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772213" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772215" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3772211/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3772213/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3772215/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
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; Tables 1–5)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C315BF87FFFEFFF40DF656372742F96C" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB0EC0CFFFEFFF40DF6563726CFF9AF" blockId="5.[151,1436,1581,1664]" box="[151,1236,1581,1603]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1FCB22FFFEFFF40DF6563726CFF9AF" box="[151,1236,1581,1603]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAECA1DFFFEFFF40DF656372040F9AF" author="Kotthaus, A." box="[151,603,1581,1603]" page="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1969">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F978FFFFEFFF40DF656372040F9AF" ID-CoL="33JBX" authority="Kotthaus, 1969: 17 - 19" authorityName="Kotthaus" authorityPageNumber="17 - 19" authorityYear="1969" box="[151,603,1581,1603]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Exocoetidae" genus="Cypselurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beloniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosus">
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<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40DF656372377F9AF" box="[151,364,1581,1603]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cypselurus formosus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9E91FDFFFEFFF40C1356372040F9AF" author="Kotthaus, A." box="[370,603,1581,1603]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref51616" refString="Kotthaus, A. (1969) Fische des Indischen Ozeans. A. Systematischer Teil IV: Synentognathi. Meteor Forschungsergebnisse, Reihe D, Biologie, H. 4, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1969">Kotthaus, 1969: 17–19</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, Figs. 168, 169 (original description, waters of western
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||
<collectingCountry id="F318AC9CFFFEFFF409F0563726D1F9AF" box="[1169,1226,1581,1603]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">India</collectingCountry>
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||
).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BB0EC0CFFFEFFF40DF656562742F96C" blockId="5.[151,1436,1581,1664]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F978FFFFEFFF40DF65656236BF98E" ID-CoL="33JC4" baseAuthorityName="Bleeker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[151,368,1612,1634]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Exocoetidae" genus="Cypselurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beloniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hexazona">
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<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40DF65656236BF98E" box="[151,368,1612,1634]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cypselurus hexazona</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(non Bleeker).
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9E91FDFFFEFFF40F70565620AFF98E" author="Parin, N. V." box="[529,692,1612,1634]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="357 - 364" refId="ref52218" refString="Parin, N. V. (1996) On the species composition of flying fishes (Exocoetidae) in the west-central part of the tropical Pacific. Voprosy Ikhtiologii, 36 (3), 300 - 307. [in Russian, English translation in Journal of Ichthyology, 36 (5), 357 - 364]" type="journal article" year="1996">Parin 1996: 302</bibRefCitation>
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||
(in part; description, considering
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F978FFFFEFFF4097156562690F98E" ID-CoL="33JBX" authorityName="Kotthaus" authorityYear="1969" box="[1040,1163,1612,1634]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Exocoetidae" genus="Cypselurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beloniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosus">
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<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF4097156562690F98E" box="[1040,1163,1612,1634]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. formosus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
as a junior synonym of
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F978FFFFEFFF408E55656233CF96C" ID-CoL="33JC4" baseAuthorityName="Bleeker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" class="Actinopterygii" family="Exocoetidae" genus="Cypselurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beloniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hexazona">
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<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF408E55656233CF96C" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. hexazona</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
).
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E91FDFFFEFFF40C5A567020B0F96C" author="Parin, N. V. & Bogorodsky, S. V." box="[315,683,1642,1664]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="658 - 661" refId="ref52662" refString="Parin, N. V. & Bogorodsky, S. V. (2011) Distribution and morphology of flying fish Cypselurus hexazona placed into a separate subgenus Zonocypselurus subgen. nov. Voprosy Ikhtiologii, Vol. 51 (5), 683 - 686. [In Russian, English translation in Journal of Ichthyology, 51 (8), 658 - 661 (second author misspelled as Bogorodskiy)]" type="journal article" year="2011">Parin & Bogorodsky 2011: 683–686</bibRefCitation>
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[
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English translation] (in part; description, distribution).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C315BF87FFFEFFF70DF656B72798FE64" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB0EC0CFFFEFFF40DF656B720EDF92A" blockId="5.[151,1436,1709,2025]" box="[151,758,1709,1734]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40DF656B7239BF92A" bold="true" box="[151,384,1709,1734]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
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Nine specimens
|
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<quantity id="4CF741E9FFFEFFF40F2156B420DCF929" box="[576,711,1710,1734]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" metricValueMax="14.4" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="91.0" valueMax="144.0" valueMin="38.0">38–144 mm</quantity>
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SL.
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB0EC0CFFFEFFF40DA656CB26FCF906" blockId="5.[151,1436,1709,2025]" box="[199,1255,1745,1770]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40DA656CB23F1F905" box="[199,490,1745,1769]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Full morphological study.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B67E651FFFEFFF40C9156C826FFF906" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2609011182" box="[496,1252,1745,1770]" collectingDate="1980-02-09" collectionCode="IORAS" country="India" location="Cochin" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCode="IORAS 03412" specimenCount="1">
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<specimenCode id="DBA94477FFFEFFF40C9156C8208AF906" box="[496,657,1746,1770]" collectionCode="IORAS" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">IORAS 03412</specimenCode>
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(
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|
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,
|
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<quantity id="4CF741E9FFFEFFF40E4F56C82191F905" box="[814,906,1746,1770]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.44" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="144.0">144 mm</quantity>
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SL),
|
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<collectingCountry id="F318AC9CFFFEFFF40EA856CB2606F906" box="[969,1053,1745,1770]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cochin</collectingCountry>
|
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,
|
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<collectingCountry id="F318AC9CFFFEFFF4094956CB267FF906" box="[1064,1124,1745,1770]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">India</collectingCountry>
|
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,
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<date id="FFB1CACCFFFEFFF4091156C826FFF906" box="[1136,1252,1746,1770]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1980-02-09">
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<collectingDate id="EFF53324FFFEFFF4091156C826FFF906" box="[1136,1252,1746,1770]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1980-02-09">9.02.1980</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB0EC0CFFFEFFF40DA656EF2696F8DE" blockId="5.[151,1436,1709,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
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<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40DA656EF2014F8E1" box="[199,527,1781,1805]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Partial morphological study.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B67E651FFFEFFF40F7956EC2303F8DE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2609011189" collectingDate="1965-02-15" collectionCode="ZMH" latitude="14.735278" longLatPrecision="895" longitude="73.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCode="H4985, IOES 79" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1E74C9FFFEFFF40F7956EC204DF8E1" box="[536,598,1782,1805]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="Museum">ZMH</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBA94477FFFEFFF40F0156EF20B5F8E2" box="[608,686,1781,1806]" collectionCode="ZMH" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="Museum">H4985</specimenCode>
|
||
* (ex
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBA94477FFFEFFF40F9056EC214CF8E2" box="[753,855,1782,1806]" collectionCode="IOES" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">IOES 79</specimenCode>
|
||
a),
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B452AEFFFEFFF40E1A56EF21C6F8E2" box="[891,989,1781,1806]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF741E9FFFEFFF4096F56EF266FF8E1" box="[1038,1140,1781,1806]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.35" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="53.5">53.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B8ACBFFFEFFF409D956EC2732F8E2" box="[1208,1321,1782,1806]" degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="15" seconds="7" value="14.735278">14°44’7N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B8ACBFFFEFFF4085656EF2783F8E2" box="[1335,1432,1781,1806]" degrees="73" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="73.9">73°54’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB1CACCFFFEFFF40DF657032303F8DE" box="[151,280,1817,1842]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1965-02-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFF53324FFFEFFF40DF657032303F8DE" box="[151,280,1817,1842]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1965-02-15">15.02.1965</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B67E651FFFEFFF40C4257002692F8DE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2609011178" box="[291,1161,1817,1842]" collectingDate="1965-02-15" collectionCode="ZMH" isTailEnumeration="true" latitude="14.735278" longLatPrecision="895" longitude="73.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCode="H4986" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1E74C9FFFEFFF40C425700237AF8DD" box="[291,353,1818,1841]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="Museum">ZMH</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBA94477FFFEFFF40C09570323A1F8DE" box="[360,442,1817,1842]" collectionCode="ZMH" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="Museum">H4986</specimenCode>
|
||
*,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B452AEFFFEFFF40CB157002020F8DE" box="[464,571,1818,1842]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(7, 38–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF741E9FFFEFFF40FF3570320FAF8DD" box="[658,737,1817,1842]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="52.0">52 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B8ACBFFFEFFF40E7E5700218BF8DE" box="[799,912,1818,1842]" degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="15" seconds="7" value="14.735278">14°44’7N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B8ACBFFFEFFF40EFD570321E6F8DE" box="[924,1021,1817,1842]" degrees="73" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="73.9">73°54’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB1CACCFFFEFFF4096957032692F8DE" box="[1032,1161,1817,1842]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1965-02-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFF53324FFFEFFF4096957032692F8DE" box="[1032,1161,1817,1842]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1965-02-15">15.02.1965</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0EC0CFFFEFFF40DA6572723D3F896" blockId="5.[151,1436,1709,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B452AEFFFEFFF40D9B57272347F8BA" box="[250,348,1853,1878]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B452AEFFFEFFF40CF2572423E5F8BA" box="[403,510,1854,1878]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F978FFFFEFFF40F45572721DCF8BA" authority="Kotthaus, 1969" authorityName="Kotthaus" authorityYear="1969" box="[548,967,1853,1878]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Exocoetidae" genus="Cypselurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beloniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40F455727210BF8B9" box="[548,784,1853,1877]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cypselurus formosus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E91FDFFFEFFF40E79572721DCF8BA" author="Kotthaus, A." box="[792,967,1853,1878]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref51616" refString="Kotthaus, A. (1969) Fische des Indischen Ozeans. A. Systematischer Teil IV: Synentognathi. Meteor Forschungsergebnisse, Reihe D, Biologie, H. 4, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1969">Kotthaus, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, were studied by the second author. Their characters are given below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0EC0CFFFEFFF70DA6579F2345FF14" blockId="5.[151,1436,1709,2025]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,1766]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B67E651FFFEFFF70DA6579F2345FF14" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2609011161" collectingDate="1965-02-15" collectionCode="ZMH" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" latitude="14.735278" longLatPrecision="895" longitude="73.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCode="H4985, IOES 79" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40DA6579F232FF872" bold="true" box="[199,308,1925,1950]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B452AEFFFEFFF40DA6579F232FF872" box="[199,308,1925,1950]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1334F089FFFEFFF40C22579F23AEF872" box="[323,437,1925,1950]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1931,1953]" captionTargetBox="[210,1367,229,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[188,1398,195,1935]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Flying fish Cheilopogon formosus formosus. (A)—43 mm SL, paratype, 14°45’N 73°54’E (after Kotthaus 1969); (B)—52.5 mm SL, holotype, 14°45’N 73°54’E (after Kotthaus 1969); (C)—144 mm SL, IORAS 03412, Cochin, India; (D)— the same specimen, pectoral fin; (E)—the same specimen, close-up of head." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772211/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figure 1b</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1E74C9FFFEFFF40CAD579C2011F871" box="[460,522,1926,1949]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="Museum">ZMH</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBA94477FFFEFFF40F73579F2045F872" box="[530,606,1925,1950]" collectionCode="ZMH" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="Museum">H4985</specimenCode>
|
||
(ex
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBA94477FFFEFFF40FF2579C20E3F872" box="[659,760,1926,1950]" collectionCode="IOES" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">IOES 79</specimenCode>
|
||
a), Meteor,
|
||
<date id="FFB1CACCFFFEFFF40E18579F21E1F872" box="[889,1018,1925,1950]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1965-02-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFF53324FFFEFFF40E18579F21E1F872" box="[889,1018,1925,1950]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1965-02-15">15.02.1965</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B8ACBFFFEFFF40966579C266EF872" box="[1031,1141,1926,1950]" degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="15" seconds="7" value="14.735278">14°44’7N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B8ACBFFFEFFF4091F579F26C5F872" box="[1150,1246,1925,1950]" degrees="73" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="73.9">73°54’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF741E9FFFEFFF4098A579F2754F871" box="[1259,1359,1925,1950]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.35" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="53.5">53.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF408E9579C2787F871" box="[1416,1436,1926,1949]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">D</emphasis>
|
||
13,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40DA157B022CAF82D" box="[192,209,1962,1985]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A</emphasis>
|
||
10,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40C6057B02309F82D" box="[257,274,1962,1985]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">P</emphasis>
|
||
I 13,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40C3357B32389F82D" box="[338,402,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Spred</emphasis>
|
||
25,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40CA357B023FAF82D" box="[450,481,1962,1985]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Str</emphasis>
|
||
7½. Measurements (in % SL):
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40E5C57B02152F82D" box="[829,841,1962,1985]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">c</emphasis>
|
||
25.4,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40EEE57B02186F82D" box="[911,925,1962,1985]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">o</emphasis>
|
||
9.7,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40EB557B021EAF82A" box="[980,1009,1962,1990]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
io
|
||
<subScript id="178BEE49FFFEFFF40E8857A221EAF82A" attach="left" box="[1001,1009,1976,1990]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
9.3,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF4094457B02622F82D" box="[1061,1081,1962,1985]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">H</emphasis>
|
||
16.0,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF4091F57B32697F82D" box="[1150,1164,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">h</emphasis>
|
||
8.2,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF409A257B026CAF82D" box="[1219,1233,1962,1985]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">p</emphasis>
|
||
13.6,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF4087457B02720F82A" box="[1301,1339,1962,1990]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
cV
|
||
<subScript id="178BEE49FFFEFFF4085257A22720F82A" attach="left" box="[1331,1339,1976,1990]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
32.3,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF4081C57B02787F82D" box="[1405,1436,1962,1985]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">pV</emphasis>
|
||
40.0,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40DB457CB22EFF804" box="[213,244,2001,2024]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">aV</emphasis>
|
||
56.2,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40C5B57CB2340F804" box="[314,347,2001,2024]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Dc</emphasis>
|
||
28.4,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40CFE57CA23A3F804" box="[415,440,2000,2024]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">lP</emphasis>
|
||
63.9,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40C9C57CA200DF804" box="[509,534,2000,2024]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">lV</emphasis>
|
||
40.7,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40F3D57CB209EF804" box="[604,645,2001,2024]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">HD</emphasis>
|
||
19.8,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFEFFF40FA857CA20F5F80B" box="[713,750,2000,2023]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">HA</emphasis>
|
||
13.0. The longest ray of dorsal fin – the 2nd; of anal fin – the 4th. Dorsal fin with black spot between 2nd and 12th rays. Anal fin with black spot on distal part, between the 4th and 9th rays. Pectoral fins pale with dark areas at base of the upper part and near posterior margin. Pelvic fins with dark spot distally.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0EC0CFFFDFFF70DA6511E2798FE64" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1766]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B67E651FFFDFFF70DA6511E2764FE64" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2609011180" collectingDate="1965-02-15" collectionCode="ZMH" latitude="14.735278" longLatPrecision="895" longitude="73.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCode="H4986" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70DA6511E235DFEF1" bold="true" box="[199,326,260,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B452AEFFFDFFF70DA6511E235AFEF1" box="[199,321,260,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1E74C9FFFDFFF70C32511F238AFEF0" box="[339,401,261,284]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">ZMH</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBA94477FFFDFFF70CFE511E23F4FEF1" box="[415,495,260,285]" collectionCode="ZMH" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">H4986</specimenCode>
|
||
, Meteor,
|
||
<date id="FFB1CACCFFFDFFF70F04511E20FEFEF1" box="[613,741,260,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1965-02-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFF53324FFFDFFF70F04511E20FEFEF1" box="[613,741,260,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1965-02-15">15.02.1965</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B8ACBFFFDFFF70F96511E217DFEF0" box="[759,870,260,284]" degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="15" seconds="7" value="14.735278">14°44’7N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B8ACBFFFDFFF70E15511E21CFFEF1" box="[884,980,260,285]" degrees="73" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="925" value="73.9">73°54’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, seven specimens
|
||
<quantity id="4CF741E9FFFDFFF709D7511E272DFEF0" box="[1206,1334,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="45.0" valueMax="52.0" valueMin="38.0">38–52 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL. All
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B452AEFFFDFFF70DF651322319FEAC" box="[151,258,296,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
with traces of 6 transverse dark bands on the body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1334F089FFFDFFF70E2F513D21BBFEAC" box="[846,928,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1931,1953]" captionTargetBox="[210,1367,229,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[188,1398,195,1935]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Flying fish Cheilopogon formosus formosus. (A)—43 mm SL, paratype, 14°45’N 73°54’E (after Kotthaus 1969); (B)—52.5 mm SL, holotype, 14°45’N 73°54’E (after Kotthaus 1969); (C)—144 mm SL, IORAS 03412, Cochin, India; (D)— the same specimen, pectoral fin; (E)—the same specimen, close-up of head." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772211/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 1a</figureCitation>
|
||
): near pectoral-fin base, near pelvic-fin base, between pectoral and pelvic fins, between base of pelvic fin and anal-fin origin, near posterior parts of dorsal and anal fins, near end of caudal peduncle. In addition, there is another band on the head that passes through the eye
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C315BF87FFFDFFF70DA6518E2134F995" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0EC0CFFFDFFF70DA6518E21F6FD3E" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1766]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70DA6518E2342FE41" bold="true" box="[199,345,404,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
There was only one large specimen (in poor condition) at our disposal, which we identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F978FFFFDFFF70DF651A22382FE3C" authority="formosus" box="[151,409,440,464]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Exocoetidae" genus="Cypselurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beloniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="formosus" subSpecies="formosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70DF651A22382FE3C" box="[151,409,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ch. formosus formosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1334F089FFFDFFF70CC951AD23EAFE3C" box="[424,497,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1931,1953]" captionTargetBox="[210,1367,229,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[188,1398,195,1935]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Flying fish Cheilopogon formosus formosus. (A)—43 mm SL, paratype, 14°45’N 73°54’E (after Kotthaus 1969); (B)—52.5 mm SL, holotype, 14°45’N 73°54’E (after Kotthaus 1969); (C)—144 mm SL, IORAS 03412, Cochin, India; (D)— the same specimen, pectoral fin; (E)—the same specimen, close-up of head." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772211/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
c–e), with the following characters:
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70EE651A32180FE3C" box="[903,923,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">D</emphasis>
|
||
12?,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70EB651A221F3FE23" box="[983,1000,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A</emphasis>
|
||
10?,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF7094451A3262DFE3C" box="[1061,1078,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P</emphasis>
|
||
I 14,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF7091751A226ACFE3C" box="[1142,1207,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Spred</emphasis>
|
||
28,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF7098751A2271FFE23" box="[1254,1284,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Str</emphasis>
|
||
7½,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF7085C51A22761FE3C" box="[1341,1402,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sp.br</emphasis>
|
||
23 (7 + 16). SL
|
||
<quantity id="4CF741E9FFFDFFF70C4A51C62390FE18" box="[299,395,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.44" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="144.0">144 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Measurements (in %SL):
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70FDB51C620C2FE1F" box="[698,729,476,499]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">aA</emphasis>
|
||
78.8?,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70E4C51C72154FE18" box="[813,847,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">aD</emphasis>
|
||
70.2?,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70EC551C721D8FE18" box="[932,963,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">aV</emphasis>
|
||
59.7,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF7096A51C72633FE18" box="[1035,1064,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">cV</emphasis>
|
||
32.7,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF7091151C72694FE18" box="[1136,1167,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">pV</emphasis>
|
||
38.1,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF709B651C726F8FE18" box="[1239,1251,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">c</emphasis>
|
||
25.8,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF7084A51C7275CFE18" box="[1323,1351,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">po</emphasis>
|
||
11.8,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF708EF51C72787FE18" box="[1422,1436,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">o</emphasis>
|
||
8.2,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70DA8521B22FEFDF4" box="[201,229,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">ao</emphasis>
|
||
5.5,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70C40521A232CFDFB" box="[289,311,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">io</emphasis>
|
||
9.5,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70C13521B2388FDF4" box="[370,403,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Dc</emphasis>
|
||
26.4?,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70C89521A201AFDF4" box="[488,513,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">lP</emphasis>
|
||
68.6?,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70F37521A206CFDF0" box="[598,631,512,540]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
lP
|
||
<subScript id="178BEE49FFFDFFF70F0E5214206CFDF0" attach="left" box="[623,631,526,540]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
42.5,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70FDD521A20CEFDF4" box="[700,725,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">lV</emphasis>
|
||
29.7?,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70E4A521A215CFDF4" box="[811,839,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">lD</emphasis>
|
||
18.6,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70EF1521A21B2FDF4" box="[912,937,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">lA</emphasis>
|
||
11.1?,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70E9F521B263DFDF4" box="[1022,1062,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">HD</emphasis>
|
||
12.6,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF7090E521B2666FDF4" box="[1135,1149,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">p</emphasis>
|
||
13.1?. Pectoral fins dark with paler triangle stripe (“mirror”) and three dark spots behind it (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1334F089FFFDFFF70EF8523321F7FDAE" box="[921,1004,553,578]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1931,1953]" captionTargetBox="[210,1367,229,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[188,1398,195,1935]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Flying fish Cheilopogon formosus formosus. (A)—43 mm SL, paratype, 14°45’N 73°54’E (after Kotthaus 1969); (B)—52.5 mm SL, holotype, 14°45’N 73°54’E (after Kotthaus 1969); (C)—144 mm SL, IORAS 03412, Cochin, India; (D)— the same specimen, pectoral fin; (E)—the same specimen, close-up of head." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772211/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 1d</figureCitation>
|
||
); pelvic fins
|
||
<superScript id="7C7A4144FFFDFFF7091D523C269FFDD8" attach="left" box="[1148,1156,550,564]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3</superScript>
|
||
hyaline with dark stripe distally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1334F089FFFDFFF70D9B52572351FD8A" box="[250,330,589,614]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1931,1953]" captionTargetBox="[210,1367,229,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[188,1398,195,1935]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Flying fish Cheilopogon formosus formosus. (A)—43 mm SL, paratype, 14°45’N 73°54’E (after Kotthaus 1969); (B)—52.5 mm SL, holotype, 14°45’N 73°54’E (after Kotthaus 1969); (C)—144 mm SL, IORAS 03412, Cochin, India; (D)— the same specimen, pectoral fin; (E)—the same specimen, close-up of head." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772211/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 1e</figureCitation>
|
||
); dorsal fin relatively high, pale brown. Tip of pectoral fin extends to middle of caudal peduncle; tip of pelvic fin reaches posterior third of anal-fin base. Tip of last dorsal-fin ray protrudes not far beyond middle of caudal peduncle. Jaw teeth large, conical and recurved, arranged in two rows near symphysis. Palatine teeth few in number (1 tooth on anterior part of palatines and 1–2 teeth on the posterior).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0EC0CFFFDFFF70DA652C422FAFC46" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1766]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
A detailed description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F978FFFFDFFF70C9652C7211FFD1A" authority="formosus" box="[503,772,733,758]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Exocoetidae" genus="Cypselurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beloniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="formosus" subSpecies="formosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70C9652C7211FFD1A" box="[503,772,733,758]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ch. formosus formosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
juveniles is given in the work of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E91FDFFFDFFF709C352C7277BFD1A" author="Kotthaus, A." box="[1186,1376,733,758]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref51616" refString="Kotthaus, A. (1969) Fische des Indischen Ozeans. A. Systematischer Teil IV: Synentognathi. Meteor Forschungsergebnisse, Reihe D, Biologie, H. 4, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1969">Kotthaus (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The characters of those fish are shown in Tables 1–5. The measurements of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D092785FFFDFFF70EB5531B264AFCF6" box="[980,1105,769,794]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="juvenile">6 juveniles</specimenCount>
|
||
<quantity id="4CF741E9FFFDFFF7093B531B271BFCF5" box="[1114,1280,769,794]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.635" metricValueMax="5.25" metricValueMin="4.02" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="46.35" valueMax="52.5" valueMin="40.2">40.2–52.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL, made by Kotthaus, are as follows:
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70CD5533C23C8FCD1" box="[436,467,806,829]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">aA</emphasis>
|
||
76.2–81.4 (mean 79.3),
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70F87533C2113FCD1" box="[742,776,806,829]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">aD</emphasis>
|
||
60.7–74.5 (67.7),
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70EB9533C21EDFCD1" box="[984,1014,806,829]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">aV</emphasis>
|
||
57.1–60.9 (58.2),
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF709A6533C26C8FCD1" box="[1223,1235,806,829]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">c</emphasis>
|
||
21.8–23.5 (22.6),
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70DF6535022BEFC8D" box="[151,165,842,865]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">o</emphasis>
|
||
9.3–10.7 (9.9),
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70C3F53502361FC8D" box="[350,378,842,865]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">ao</emphasis>
|
||
3.5–6.0 (4.5),
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70F4553502021FC8D" box="[548,570,842,865]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">io</emphasis>
|
||
9.3–10.7 (9.8),
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70F925350211CFC8D" box="[755,775,842,865]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">H</emphasis>
|
||
17.1–19.8 (18.2),
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70EBD535321F1FC8D" box="[988,1002,841,865]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">h</emphasis>
|
||
7.0–8.6 (7.7),
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF709F4535326B5FC8D" box="[1173,1198,841,865]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">lP</emphasis>
|
||
61.9–71.2 (66.4),
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF708E253532787FC8D" box="[1411,1436,841,865]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">lV</emphasis>
|
||
38.6–43.5 (41.1),
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70C3F53772361FC69" box="[350,378,877,901]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">lD</emphasis>
|
||
19.0–21.4 (20.3),
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70F295377207AFC69" box="[584,609,877,901]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">lA</emphasis>
|
||
12.6–16.3 (13.7),
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70E4E53742143FC69" box="[815,856,878,901]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">HD</emphasis>
|
||
17.4–22.6 (20.0),
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF7094753742650FC69" box="[1062,1099,878,901]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">HA</emphasis>
|
||
11.3–14.5 (12.7),
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF708795374273DFC69" box="[1304,1318,878,901]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">p</emphasis>
|
||
11.2–12.5 (11.6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0EC0CFFFDFFF70DA653AF2327FC1E" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1766]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70DA653AF2388FC22" bold="true" box="[199,403,949,974]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Common names.</emphasis>
|
||
The name “slender toothy flying fish” (Russian: “cтpoйный зyбacтый длиннoкpыл”) is proposed here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0EC0CFFFDFFF70DA653E7268BFA92" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1766]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70DA653E723C1FBFA" bold="true" box="[199,474,1021,1046]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Comparative remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Based on the data of Kotthaus and our material, the following conclusions can be drawn. Specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F978FFFFDFFF70CC3543B20AEFBD5" authority="formosus" box="[418,693,1057,1081]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Exocoetidae" genus="Cypselurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beloniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="formosus" subSpecies="formosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70CC3543B20AEFBD5" box="[418,693,1057,1081]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ch. formosus formosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
overall are similar to those described here as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F978FFFFDFFF7099F543B2378FBB1" class="Actinopterygii" family="Exocoetidae" genus="Cypselurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beloniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="formosus" subSpecies="pseudospilopterus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF7099F543B2378FBB1" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ch. formosus pseudospilopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F978FFFFDFFF70CC0545F20C1FBB1" box="[417,730,1093,1118]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Exocoetidae" genus="Cypselurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beloniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="formosus" subSpecies="andamanicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70CC0545F20C1FBB1" box="[417,730,1093,1118]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ch. formosus andamanicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below) and, apparently, they are conspecific. However, there are also some differences, sufficient in our opinion for isolating a subspecies:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F978FFFFDFFF70959547326F8FB6D" box="[1080,1251,1129,1153]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Exocoetidae" genus="Cypselurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beloniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="formosus" subSpecies="formosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70959547326F8FB6D" box="[1080,1251,1129,1153]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ch. f. formosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs in higher values of
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70C6754942335FB49" box="[262,302,1166,1189]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">HD</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70C5C54942378FB49" box="[317,355,1166,1189]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">HA</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70CFD549723B1FB49" box="[412,426,1165,1189]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">h</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1334F089FFFDFFF70CDB54972050FB4A" box="[442,587,1165,1190]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1754,1776]" captionTargetBox="[178,1398,225,1716]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1733]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Size variation of morphometric characters in Cheilopogon formosus formosus (▲), Ch. formosus andamanicus (□), Ch. formosus pseudospilopterus (○) and Ch. spilopterus (x). (A)—postventral distance (pV); (B)—greatest body depth (H); (C)—lowest depth of caudal peduncle (h); (D)—length of anal fin base (lA); (E)—height of dorsal fin (HD); (F)—height of anal fin (HA). Note: for Ch. formosus formosus data from Kotthaus (1969) are included." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772213" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772213/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 2c, e, f</figureCitation>
|
||
) and in fewer pectoral-fin rays (in the last 2 characters it differs only from
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70DF654AB2363FB25" box="[151,376,1201,1225]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ch. f. andamanicus</emphasis>
|
||
). At the same time, the strong differences of juveniles in head length and body width are explained by a discrepancy between the measurements of Kotthaus and our method. Thus, the head length of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B452AEFFFDFFF70DF654E322E2FAFE" box="[151,249,1273,1298]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F978FFFFDFFF70C4654E3200CFAFD" authorityName="Kotthaus" authorityYear="1969" box="[295,535,1273,1297]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Exocoetidae" genus="Cypselurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beloniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70C4654E3200CFAFD" box="[295,535,1273,1297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Cypselurus formosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is 22.6% SL according to the data of Kotthaus, but as much as 25.4% SL, according to our measurements. Also, the body width of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B452AEFFFDFFF70E28550721B5FADA" box="[841,942,1309,1334]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, measured from its photograph (Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF741E9FFFDFFF7083555072787FADA" box="[1364,1436,1309,1334]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2672" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="in" value="168.0">168 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E91FDFFFDFFF70DF6555B2324FAB6" author="Kotthaus, A." box="[151,319,1345,1370]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref51616" refString="Kotthaus, A. (1969) Fische des Indischen Ozeans. A. Systematischer Teil IV: Synentognathi. Meteor Forschungsergebnisse, Reihe D, Biologie, H. 4, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1969">Kotthaus 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; see also
|
||
<figureCitation id="1334F089FFFDFFF70CC8555B23E2FAB6" box="[425,505,1345,1370]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1931,1953]" captionTargetBox="[210,1367,229,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[188,1398,195,1935]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Flying fish Cheilopogon formosus formosus. (A)—43 mm SL, paratype, 14°45’N 73°54’E (after Kotthaus 1969); (B)—52.5 mm SL, holotype, 14°45’N 73°54’E (after Kotthaus 1969); (C)—144 mm SL, IORAS 03412, Cochin, India; (D)— the same specimen, pectoral fin; (E)—the same specimen, close-up of head." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772211/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 1b</figureCitation>
|
||
in this paper), is about 14% SL, while according to Kotthaus’ data only 11.4% SL; it is thus obvious that he measured the width not at bases of pectoral fins, but behind them.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0EC0CFFFDFFF70DA655932682F9DD" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1766]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
There are also differences in pigmentation compared to the other subspecies: the pelvic fins of juveniles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F978FFFFDFFF7081555932301FA2A" class="Actinopterygii" family="Exocoetidae" genus="Cypselurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beloniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="formosus" subSpecies="formosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF7081555932301FA2A" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ch. f. formosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are not pigmented at the base. In addition, according to Kotthaus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F978FFFFDFFF7092B55B7271AFA2A" box="[1098,1281,1453,1478]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Exocoetidae" genus="Cypselurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beloniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="formosus" subSpecies="formosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF7092B55B7271AFA2A" box="[1098,1281,1453,1478]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ch. f. formosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has strongly developed palatine teeth, which are larger in number than jaw teeth; this was not observed in the other subspecies we studied. The only specimen available of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F978FFFFDFFF70FF155EF2125F9E2" box="[656,830,1525,1550]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Exocoetidae" genus="Cypselurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beloniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="formosus" subSpecies="formosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70FF155EF2125F9E2" box="[656,830,1525,1550]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ch. f. formosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has teeth located not only on the anterior part of the palatines, as the representatives of two other subspecies have, but also on the posterior part.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0EC0CFFFDFFF70DA656272134F995" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1766]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Thus, we refer fish from the waters of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F318AC9CFFFDFFF70F13562720C4F9BA" box="[626,735,1597,1622]" name="Indonesia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F318AC9CFFFDFFF70E7556272161F9BA" box="[788,890,1597,1622]" name="Thailand" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the Andaman Sea and the western coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F318AC9CFFFDFFF7080356272787F9BA" box="[1378,1436,1597,1622]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
to three different subspecies of one species –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F978FFFFDFFF70FF2567B2133F995" authorityName="Kotthaus" authorityYear="1969" box="[659,808,1633,1657]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Exocoetidae" genus="Cypselurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beloniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70FF2567B2133F995" box="[659,808,1633,1657]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ch. formosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C315BF87FFFDFFF70DA6569F21C5F81D" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0EC0CFFFDFFF70DA6569F2654F90A" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1766]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70DA6569F237BF972" bold="true" box="[199,352,1669,1694]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F978FFFFDFFF70C08569F209AF972" authorityName="formosus (Kotthaus" authorityYear="1969" box="[361,641,1669,1694]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Exocoetidae" genus="Cheilopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beloniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="formosus" subSpecies="formosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B301EFFFDFFF70C08569F209AF972" box="[361,641,1669,1694]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Cheilopogon f. formosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs along the western coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F318AC9CFFFDFFF7096F569F2653F972" box="[1038,1096,1669,1694]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
from Goa to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F318AC9CFFFDFFF70984569F272DF972" box="[1253,1334,1669,1694]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Cochin</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1334F089FFFDFFF70826569F2796F972" box="[1351,1421,1669,1694]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,896,918]" captionTargetBox="[179,1413,205,859]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1437,193,874]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Distribution of flying fishes Cheilopogon formosus formosus (□), Ch. formosus pseudospilopterus (Δ), Ch. formosus andamanicus (◊), Ch. marisrubri (○), Cheilopogon (Ptenichthys) sp.1 (x) and Cheilopogon (Ptenichthys) sp. 2 (+). Filled symbols indicate capture location for fishes ≤100 mm SL, open symbols indicate capture location for fishes>100 mm SL." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772215" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772215/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). The distribution of this subspecies, as well as the species as a whole, is likely wider in reality and its rarity may be explained by its habitation mainly in coastal waters from where we had few samples.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB0EC0CFFFDFFF70DF657C121C5F81D" blockId="6.[151,990,2011,2033]" box="[151,990,2011,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3. Here and elsewhere the pigmentation of the underside of pelvic fins is meant.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |