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<document ID-DOI="10.1206/0003-0090.457.1.1" ID-ISSN="0003-0090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6971356" approvalRequired="59" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="59" checkinTime="1659882917898" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Beck, Robin M. D., Voss, Robert S. &amp; Jansa, Sharon A." docDate="2022" docId="03EFDD5DF7036911DB3AFD0E19E7FC35" docLanguage="en" docName="BulAmeMusNatHist.2022.457.1-350.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2022 (457)" docSource="https://bioone.org/journals/bulletin-of-the-american-museum-of-natural-history/volume-457/issue-1/0003-0090.457.1.1/Craniodental-Morphology-and-Phylogeny-of-Marsupials/10.1206/0003-0090.457.1.1.full" docStyle="DocumentStyle:915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6.7:BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleId="915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Mayulestes ferox" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="312" masterDocId="FFD6A525F63B6829DA0BFFAE1A62FFC7" masterDocTitle="Craniodental Morphology And Phylogeny Of Marsupials" masterLastPageNumber="353" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="312" updateTime="1661891901480" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title>Craniodental Morphology And Phylogeny Of Marsupials</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Beck, Robin M. D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>School of Science, Engineering and Environment University of Salford, U. K. &amp; School of Biological, Earth &amp; Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales, Australia &amp; Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Mammalogy) American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Voss, Robert S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Mammalogy) American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Jansa, Sharon A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Bell Museum and Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of Minnesota</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-06-28</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>2022</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>457</mods:number>
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>353</mods:end>
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<mods:url>https://bioone.org/journals/bulletin-of-the-american-museum-of-natural-history/volume-457/issue-1/0003-0090.457.1.1/Craniodental-Morphology-and-Phylogeny-of-Marsupials/10.1206/0003-0090.457.1.1.full</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1206/0003-0090.457.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0003-0090</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6971356</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6974426" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6974426" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EFDD5DF7036911DB3AFD0E19E7FC35" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EFDD5DF7036911DB3AFD0E19E7FC35" lastPageNumber="312" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">
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<paragraph blockId="312.[305,440,672,696]" box="[305,440,672,696]" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">
<heading box="[305,440,672,696]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="312" pageNumber="312" reason="4">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[305,440,672,696]" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">
<taxonomicName box="[317,440,672,696]" class="Mammalia" family="Mayulestidae" genus="Mayulestes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="312" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[317,440,672,696]" italics="true" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">Mayulestes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="312" pageNumber="312" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="312.[108,638,722,1738]" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">
SPECIES SCORED: †
<taxonomicName box="[347,524,722,746]" class="Mammalia" family="Mayulestidae" genus="Mayulestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="312" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferox">
<emphasis box="[347,524,722,746]" italics="true" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">Mayulestes ferox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus box="[540,589,722,746]" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">type</typeStatus>
and only described species).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="312" pageNumber="312" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="312.[108,638,722,1738]" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">
GEOLOGICAL PROVENANCE OF SCORED
<collectionCode box="[108,167,821,845]" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">SPECIMENS</collectionCode>
: Tiupampa,
<collectingCountry box="[300,424,821,845]" name="Saint Lucia" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">Santa Lucía</collectingCountry>
Formation,
<collectingCountry box="[555,633,821,845]" name="Bolivia" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="312" pageNumber="312" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="312.[108,638,722,1738]" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">
AGE OF SCORED SPECIMENS: Early or middle Paleocene (see †
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Marshall and Muizon" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[288,419,887,911]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Pucadelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="312" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[288,419,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">Pucadelphys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
above).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="312.[108,638,722,1738]" box="[140,621,920,945]" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">
ASSIGNED AGE
<collectionCode box="[311,388,920,944]" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">RANGE</collectionCode>
:
<geoCoordinate box="[402,473,920,944]" degrees="65.118" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="312" pageNumber="312" precision="55" value="65.118">65.118</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate box="[473,558,920,944]" degrees="59.200" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="312" pageNumber="312" precision="55" value="-59.2">59.200</geoCoordinate>
Mya.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="312" pageNumber="312" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="312.[108,638,722,1738]" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">
REMARKS: †
<taxonomicName box="[271,447,953,977]" class="Mammalia" family="Mayulestidae" genus="Mayulestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="312" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferox">
<emphasis box="[271,447,953,977]" italics="true" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">Mayulestes ferox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described by Muizon (1994; 1998) as the earliest and most plesiomorphic known member of the order †
<taxonomicName box="[119,279,1052,1076]" class="Mammalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sparassodonta" pageId="312" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Sparassodonta</taxonomicName>
(= “Borhyaenoidea” in Muizons [1994, 1998] usage), an exclusively South American clade of carnivorously adapted forms that survived until the Pliocene (Argot, 2004; Prevosti and Forasiepi, 2018). A number of phylogenetic analyses have failed to recover †
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="MHNC" baseAuthorityYear="1249" box="[519,636,1218,1242]" class="Mammalia" family="Mayulestidae" genus="Mayulestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="312" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[519,636,1218,1242]" italics="true" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">Mayulestes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
within †
<taxonomicName box="[206,370,1251,1275]" class="Mammalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sparassodonta" pageId="312" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Sparassodonta</taxonomicName>
(Rougier et al., 1998, 2004, 2015; Forasiepi, 2009; Engelman and Croft, 2014; Forasiepi et al., 2014a; Suarez et al., 2015; Ni et al., 2016; Wilson et al., 2016; Engelman et al., 2020). However, Muizon et al. (2018) argued strongly in favor of †
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="MHNC" baseAuthorityYear="1249" box="[342,459,1416,1440]" class="Mammalia" family="Mayulestidae" genus="Mayulestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="312" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[342,459,1416,1440]" italics="true" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">Mayulestes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a plesiomorphic sparassodont, which they placed together with †
<taxonomicName box="[178,288,1482,1506]" class="Mammalia" family="Mayulestidae" genus="Allqokirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="312" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[178,288,1482,1506]" italics="true" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">Allqokirus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see below) and †
<emphasis box="[492,563,1483,1506]" italics="true" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">Patene</emphasis>
in the family †
<taxonomicName box="[200,351,1515,1539]" class="Mammalia" family="Mayulestidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="312" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Mayulestidae</taxonomicName>
. We follow Muizon et al. (2018) in considering †
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="MHNC" baseAuthorityYear="1249" box="[365,482,1548,1572]" class="Mammalia" family="Mayulestidae" genus="Mayulestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="312" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[365,482,1548,1572]" italics="true" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">Mayulestes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be a member of †
<taxonomicName box="[202,368,1581,1605]" class="Mammalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sparassodonta" pageId="312" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Sparassodonta</taxonomicName>
, within the superorder †Pucadelphyda (see †
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Marshall and Muizon" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[345,476,1614,1638]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Pucadelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="312" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[345,476,1614,1638]" italics="true" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">Pucadelphys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
above).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="312.[108,638,722,1738]" lastBlockId="312.[684,1214,226,1010]" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">
Like †
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Marshall and Muizon" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[213,346,1647,1671]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Pucadelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="312" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[213,346,1647,1671]" italics="true" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">Pucadelphys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see above), †
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="MHNC" baseAuthorityYear="1249" box="[517,636,1647,1671]" class="Mammalia" family="Mayulestidae" genus="Mayulestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="312" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[517,636,1647,1671]" italics="true" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">Mayulestes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been consistently recovered inside Marsupialiformes sensu Beck (2017a; see also Vullo et al., 2009) but outside
<taxonomicName box="[883,1012,226,250]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="312" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Marsupialia</taxonomicName>
in published phylogenetic analyses, regardless of whether it has been placed within †
<taxonomicName box="[908,1068,292,316]" class="Mammalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sparassodonta" pageId="312" pageNumber="312" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Sparassodonta</taxonomicName>
or not (Rougier et al., 1998, 2004, 2015; Luo et al., 2003, 2011; Asher et al., 2004; Ladevèze and Muizon, 2007; Sánchez-Villagra et al., 2007; Beck et al., 2008, 2014; Horovitz et al., 2008, 2009; Forasiepi, 2009; Ladevèze and Muizon, 2010; Luo et al., 2011; Beck, 2012, 2017b; Williamson et al., 2012, 2014; Engelman and Croft, 2014; Forasiepi et al., 2014a; Suarez et al., 2015; Lorente et al., 2016; Ni et al., 2016; Wilson et al., 2016; Carneiro and Oliveira, 2017a, 2017b; Maga and Beck, 2017; Bi et al., 2018; Carneiro et al., 2018; Muizon et al., 2018; Abello and Candela, 2019; Carneiro, 2019; Rangel et al., 2019; Engelman et al., 2020; Ladevèze et al., 2020; Muizon and Ladevèze, 2020; Zimicz and Goin, 2020). This, together with the excellent preservation of the
<typeStatus box="[1116,1212,821,845]" pageId="312" pageNumber="312">holotype</typeStatus>
and only known specimen— MNHC 1249, which comprises a nearly complete cranium and associated left and right mandibles (Muizon, 1994, 1998)—renders it a suitable outgroup taxon for our study.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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