178 lines
25 KiB
XML
178 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="2927DB527D82448FA35729BEC27BBF69" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab047" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10115063" ID-ZooBank="6144DD31-0F7B-4589-86A3-F40994452C9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1647258298750" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ward, Philip S. & Blaimer, Bonnie B." docDate="2022" docId="039987E6FFE6FFCAFC897CD8FC73608F" docLanguage="en" docName="zlab047.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Crematogaster opuntiae Buren 1968" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="919" masterDocId="FFA0FF9EFFFCFFD0FFA37D60FFAE6621" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy in the phylogenomic era: species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships among North American ants of the Crematogaster scutellaris group (Formicidae: Hymenoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="937" masterPageNumber="893" pageNumber="919" updateTime="1699759657747" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="0C114377318F292700FB615FC5B1858F">Taxonomy in the phylogenomic era: species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships among North American ants of the Crematogaster scutellaris group (Formicidae: Hymenoptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5BAD7E9D675B4F2D96AB1353899AD779">Ward, Philip S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AE0082478D5C551E408366D164907113">Blaimer, Bonnie B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C5074210266A0BEA1027D65BA74279D9">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6AE1C59F028BC6CC95AE9823E46ECA6E">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="039987E6FFE6FFCAFC897CD8FC73608F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6352258" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6352258" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039987E6FFE6FFCAFC897CD8FC73608F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039987E6FFE6FFCAFC897CD8FC73608F" lastPageNumber="919" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">
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<subSubSection id="C32A657BFFE6FFCAFC897CD8FA2167F1" box="[810,1423,440,465]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8F36F0FFE6FFCAFC897CD8FA2167F1" blockId="26.[810,1423,440,465]" box="[810,1423,440,465]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">
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<heading id="D0C7819CFFE6FFCAFC897CD8FA2167F1" box="[810,1423,440,465]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFC897CD8FAA967F0" ID-CoL="ZBT9" authority="BUREN, 1968" authorityName="Buren" authorityYear="1968" box="[810,1287,440,465]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuntiae">
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<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFC897CD8FBC667F1" box="[810,1128,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">CREMATOGASTER OPUNTIAE</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B01FFE6FFCAFBD37CD8FAA967F0" author="Buren WF" box="[1136,1287,440,465]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" pagination="91 - 121" refId="ref34863" refString="Buren WF. 1968. A review of the species of Crematogaster, sensu stricto, in North America (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Part II. Descriptions of new species. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society 3: 91 - 121." type="journal article" year="1968">BUREN, 1968</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFAB07CDBFA2167F1" bold="true" box="[1299,1423,440,464]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">STAT. REV.</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32A657BFFE6FFCAFB887CBFFB2067D9" box="[1067,1166,479,504]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8F36F0FFE6FFCAFB887CBFFB2067D9" blockId="26.[1067,1166,479,504]" box="[1067,1166,479,504]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">
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(
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<figureCitation id="130B2A75FFE6FFCAFB977CBFFB2867D9" box="[1076,1158,479,504]" captionStart="Figures 25–30" captionStartId="23.[163,255,1630,1652]" captionTargetBox="[332,1274,204,1581]" captionTargetId="figure-28@23.[323,1283,195,1590]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figures 25–30. Crematogaster workers, showing lateral view of body (A), full-face view of head (B) and dorsal view of body (C). 25, C. opuntiae (CASENT0922738); 26, C. marioni (CASENT0922734); 27, C. coarctata (CASENT0005667); 28, C. hespera holotype (USNMENT00529501); 29, C. browni (CASENT0922722); 30, C. emeryana (CASENT0922729). Images courtesy of AntWeb (www.antweb.org); photographers Wade Lee (25, 26, 29, 30), April Nobile (27), Michele Esposito (28)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10115075" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10115075/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">FIG. 25</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32A657BFFE6FFCAFC8A7F68FBD764B9" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8F36F0FFE6FFCAFC8A7F68FB26647B" blockId="26.[809,1425,519,664]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2011DEFFE6FFCAFC8A7F68FB26647B" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9110E1FFE6FFCAFC8A7F68FAB4643D" author="Buren WF" box="[809,1306,519,541]" page="120" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" year="1968">
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<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFC8A7F68FAB4643D" ID-CoL="ZBT9" authority="Buren, 1968: 120" authorityName="Buren" authorityPageNumber="120" authorityYear="1968" box="[809,1306,519,541]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuntiae">
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<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFC8A7F68FBEA643C" box="[809,1092,520,541]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">Crematogaster opuntiae</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B583CADFFE6FFCAFBEE7F68FAB4643D" box="[1101,1306,519,541]" collectionCode="LACM" location="Santa Rita Experimental Range" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="holotype">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B01FFE6FFCAFBEE7F68FAB4643D" author="Buren WF" box="[1101,1306,519,541]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" pagination="91 - 121" refId="ref34863" refString="Buren WF. 1968. A review of the species of Crematogaster, sensu stricto, in North America (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Part II. Descriptions of new species. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society 3: 91 - 121." type="journal article" year="1968">Buren, 1968: 120</bibRefCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="548B8852FFE6FFCAFA847F67FA3F643C" box="[1319,1425,519,541]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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worker,
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<location id="8EEF602BFFE6FFCAFC017F46FA89641A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039987E6FFE6FFCAFC897CD8FC73608F:8EEF602BFFE6FFCAFC017F46FA89641A" box="[930,1319,550,572]" name="Santa Rita Experimental Range" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" stateProvince="Arizona">Santa Rita Experimental Range</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49F4F812FFE6FFCAFA907F46FA3E641D" box="[1331,1424,550,572]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">Arizona</collectingRegion>
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(Buren) (LACM) (examined).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8F36F0FFE6FFCAFC8A7F03FBD764B9" blockId="26.[809,1425,519,664]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">
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Junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFBA67F03FC0164B9" ID-CoL="ZBWW" authority=": Morgan & Mackay, 2017: 396" authorityName=": Morgan & Mackay" authorityPageNumber="396" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermiculata">
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<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFBA67F03FB026459" box="[1029,1196,611,632]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. vermiculata</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B01FFE6FFCAFB1A7F04FC0164B9" author="Morgan C & Mackay W" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" refId="ref36528" refString="Morgan C, Mackay W. 2017. The North America acrobat ants of the hyperdiverse genus Crematogaster. Balti, Moldova: Lambert Academic Publishing." type="book" year="2017">Morgan & Mackay, 2017: 396</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; here overturned.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32A657BFFE6FFCAFC8A7FA0FC73608F" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8F36F0FFE6FFCAFC8A7FA0FA906570" blockId="26.[809,1425,704,849]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">
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<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFC8A7FA0FBEC64F7" box="[809,1090,704,726]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">Worker measurements (</emphasis>
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N
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<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFBC27FA1FB0864F7" box="[1121,1190,705,726]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">= 10):</emphasis>
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HW 0.86–1.21, HL 0.80–1.11, SL 0.72–0.94, WL 0.89–1.27, MtFL 0.74– 1.05, MSC 1–3, A4SC 5–16, PP-SL/HW 0.14–0.19, CI 1.05–1.11, OI 0.26–0.29, SI 0.75–0.84, MtFL/HW 0.85– 0.89, SPL/HW 0.19–0.25, SPTD/HW 0.50–0.59.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8F36F0FFE6FFCAFC8A7E1AFB7263D5" blockId="26.[809,1425,890,1525]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">
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<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFC8A7E1AFB0465AE" box="[809,1194,890,911]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">
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Discussion:
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<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFC047E1AFB0465AE" authorityName="Buren" authorityYear="1968" box="[935,1194,890,911]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuntiae">Crematogaster opuntiae</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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bears little similarity or close phylogenetic relationship (
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<figureCitation id="130B2A75FFE6FFCAFB057EF8FB4D658F" box="[1190,1251,920,942]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="5.[163,246,1512,1534]" captionTargetBox="[245,1361,198,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-121@5.[241,1364,195,1472]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogeny of the North American Crematogaster scutellaris group. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree estimated from the 90% taxon completeness matrix after application of spruceup trimming with a 0.98 cut-off (90%-0.98-spruceup), using a combined best tree and ultrafast bootstrap (N = 1000) search in IQ-TREE v.1.6.12 and implementing 746 partitions. The analysis was rooted using the most distantly related outgroup taxon C. cf.rogenhoferi; the long branch leading to this taxon has been shortened for space-saving purposes. All nodes have bootstrap support = 100% unless labelled otherwise. Species images courtesy of AntWeb (www.antweb.org)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10115065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10115065/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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) to the eastern, swamp-inhabiting species
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<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFBEB7ED7FB4965ED" authorityName=": Morgan & Mackay" authorityYear="2017" box="[1096,1255,951,972]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermiculata">
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<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFBEB7ED7FB4965ED" box="[1096,1255,951,972]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. vermiculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, under which it was synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B01FFE6FFCAFBB57EB6FA9B65CD" author="Morgan C & Mackay W" box="[1046,1333,982,1004]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" refId="ref36528" refString="Morgan C, Mackay W. 2017. The North America acrobat ants of the hyperdiverse genus Crematogaster. Balti, Moldova: Lambert Academic Publishing." type="book" year="2017">Morgan & Mackay (2017)</bibRefCitation>
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. Among obvious differences, it has longer scapes and legs (SL/HL 0.83–0.90 and MtFL/HL 0.91–0.95 compared to SL/HL 0.75–0.82 and MtFL/HL
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<quantity id="4CC89B15FFE6FFCAFBE47952FB7A6269" box="[1095,1236,1074,1096]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1971" metricValueMax="2.2606" metricValueMin="2.1336" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" unit="in" value="0.865" valueMax="0.89" valueMin="0.84">0.84–0.89 in</quantity>
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<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFB7F7952FA2D6266" authorityName=": Morgan & Mackay" authorityYear="2017" box="[1244,1411,1074,1095]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermiculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFB7F7952FA2D6266" box="[1244,1411,1074,1095]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. vermiculata</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
), predominantly reticulate-foveolate sculpture on the promesonotum, more divergent propodeal spines (SPTD/ PPW 1.71–1.96 compared to
|
||
<quantity id="4CC89B15FFE6FFCAFBC379EEFB4B6285" box="[1120,1253,1166,1188]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3401" metricValueMax="3.7592" metricValueMin="2.921" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" unit="in" value="1.315" valueMax="1.48" valueMin="1.15">1.15–1.48 in</quantity>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFB4879EEFA276282" authorityName=": Morgan & Mackay" authorityYear="2017" box="[1259,1417,1166,1187]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermiculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFB4879EEFA276282" box="[1259,1417,1166,1187]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. vermiculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and lesser amounts of standing pilosity (MSC 1–3 and A4SC 5–16, compared to MSC 3–9 and A4SC
|
||
<quantity id="4CC89B15FFE6FFCAFA9979ABFA3F62C0" box="[1338,1425,1227,1249]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.683" metricValueMax="5.08" metricValueMin="2.286" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" unit="in" value="14.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="9.0">9–20 in</quantity>
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFC8A798AFC6362DE" authorityName=": Morgan & Mackay" authorityYear="2017" box="[809,973,1258,1279]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermiculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFC8A798AFC6362DE" box="[809,973,1258,1279]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. vermiculata</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). As noted by
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B01FFE6FFCAFBCC798AFAAA6321" author="Buren WF" box="[1135,1284,1258,1280]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" pagination="91 - 121" refId="ref34863" refString="Buren WF. 1968. A review of the species of Crematogaster, sensu stricto, in North America (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Part II. Descriptions of new species. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society 3: 91 - 121." type="journal article" year="1968">Buren (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFAB2798AFA3F62DE" authorityName="Buren" authorityYear="1968" box="[1297,1425,1258,1279]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuntiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFAB2798AFA3F62DE" box="[1297,1425,1258,1279]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. opuntiae</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFC1D7869FBF6633C" box="[958,1112,1288,1310]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californica">
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||
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFC1D7869FBF6633C" box="[958,1112,1288,1310]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. californica</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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, differing primarily by the shinier head and by the more appressed pubescence on the scapes and head. The relationship of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFB567826FADA637A" authorityName="Buren" authorityYear="1968" box="[1269,1396,1350,1371]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuntiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFB567826FADA637A" box="[1269,1396,1350,1371]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. opuntiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFC8A7805FC6F6358" box="[809,961,1380,1402]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFC8A7805FC6F6358" box="[809,961,1380,1402]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. californica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remains to be clarified – they may well prove to be conspecific.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFBE778E3FAF063B8" authorityName="Buren" authorityYear="1968" box="[1092,1374,1411,1433]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuntiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFBE778E3FAF063B8" box="[1092,1374,1411,1433]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">Crematogaster opuntiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has similar eye, scape, leg (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B2A75FFE6FFCAFB9D78C2FB216396" box="[1086,1167,1442,1464]" captionStart="Figures 40–47" captionStartId="31.[163,256,1667,1689]" captionTargetBox="[328,1278,197,1627]" captionTargetId="figure-28@31.[325,1281,195,1628]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figures 40–47. Bivariate plots of selected worker measurements in the Crematogaster scutellaris group. 40, PP-SL (postpetiole seta length) by HW (head width) in C. browni (N = 16) and C. cerasi (N = 17); 41, ED (eye diameter) by MtFL (metafemur length) in C. californica (N = 22) and C. coarctata (N = 21); 42, MtFL (metafemur length) by HW (head width) in C. californica (N = 22), C. colei (N = 12) and C. opuntiae (N = 10); 43, MtFL (metafemur length) by HW (head width) in C. depilis (N = 15), C. detecta (N = 11) and C. larreae (N = 5); 44, MtTL (metatibia length) by HW (head width) in C. depilis (N = 15), C. detecta (N = 11) and C. larreae (N = 5); 45, SPL (propodeal spine length) by HW (head width) in workers of C. hespera (N = 18), C. laeviuscula (N = 25) and C. parapilosa (N = 15); 46, SL (scape length) by HW (head width) in C. emeryana (N = 12) and C. marioni (N = 18); 47, SPTD (propodeal spine tip distance) by HW (head width) in C. lineolata (N = 26) and C. punctulata (N = 15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10115081" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10115081/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
|
||
) and propodeal spine dimensions as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFC7178A1FBC763F4" box="[978,1129,1472,1494]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFC7178A1FBC763F4" box="[978,1129,1472,1494]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. californica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and in our phylogenomic analyses the two are sister-taxa (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B2A75FFE6FFCAFB3278BFFB6363D5" box="[1169,1229,1503,1525]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="5.[163,246,1512,1534]" captionTargetBox="[245,1361,198,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-121@5.[241,1364,195,1472]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogeny of the North American Crematogaster scutellaris group. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree estimated from the 90% taxon completeness matrix after application of spruceup trimming with a 0.98 cut-off (90%-0.98-spruceup), using a combined best tree and ultrafast bootstrap (N = 1000) search in IQ-TREE v.1.6.12 and implementing 746 partitions. The analysis was rooted using the most distantly related outgroup taxon C. cf.rogenhoferi; the long branch leading to this taxon has been shortened for space-saving purposes. All nodes have bootstrap support = 100% unless labelled otherwise. Species images courtesy of AntWeb (www.antweb.org)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10115065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10115065/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F36F0FFE6FFCAFC8A7B7EFC73608F" blockId="26.[809,1425,1566,1710]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFC8A7B7EFBC76012" box="[809,1129,1566,1587]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">Distribution and biology:</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B01FFE6FFCAFBD77B7EFAB76015" author="Buren WF" box="[1140,1305,1566,1588]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" pagination="91 - 121" refId="ref34863" refString="Buren WF. 1968. A review of the species of Crematogaster, sensu stricto, in North America (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Part II. Descriptions of new species. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society 3: 91 - 121." type="journal article" year="1968">Buren (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFC8A7B5DFC1F6073" authorityName="Buren" authorityYear="1968" box="[809,945,1597,1618]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuntiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFC8A7B5DFC1F6073" box="[809,945,1597,1618]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. opuntiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from desert and semi-desert regions of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F4F812FFE6FFCAFC8A7B3BFC2A6050" box="[809,900,1627,1649]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">Arizona</collectingRegion>
|
||
and considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFBE27B3BFB746051" box="[1089,1242,1627,1648]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFBE27B3BFB746051" box="[1089,1242,1627,1648]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. californica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be restricted to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F4F812FFE6FFCAFCE87B1AFC6760B1" box="[843,969,1658,1680]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F4F812FFE6FFCAFBAD7B1AFB7D60B1" box="[1038,1235,1658,1680]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">Baja California</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Both taxa are ground-nesting.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |