treatments-xml/data/03/99/87/039987E6FFE6FFCAFC897CD8FC73608F.xml
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

178 lines
25 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="2927DB527D82448FA35729BEC27BBF69" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab047" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10115063" ID-ZooBank="6144DD31-0F7B-4589-86A3-F40994452C9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1647258298750" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ward, Philip S. &amp; Blaimer, Bonnie B." docDate="2022" docId="039987E6FFE6FFCAFC897CD8FC73608F" docLanguage="en" docName="zlab047.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Crematogaster opuntiae Buren 1968" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="919" masterDocId="FFA0FF9EFFFCFFD0FFA37D60FFAE6621" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy in the phylogenomic era: species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships among North American ants of the Crematogaster scutellaris group (Formicidae: Hymenoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="937" masterPageNumber="893" pageNumber="919" updateTime="1699759657747" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="1A230DB15B4256DA953DBD8E22A20BAC" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="AB1CFF6644F1DC89063C00C276447219">
<mods:title id="0C114377318F292700FB615FC5B1858F">Taxonomy in the phylogenomic era: species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships among North American ants of the Crematogaster scutellaris group (Formicidae: Hymenoptera)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="6B3A14177F5C7AAD51D6CD4DBAFBC9AC" type="personal">
<mods:role id="884ACF0396503C16CCA55CC578A2CED7">
<mods:roleTerm id="9FE2865BC083210A7FDC9D24C1522708">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5BAD7E9D675B4F2D96AB1353899AD779">Ward, Philip S.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="CFD739733A6E02F08BE5882986B178C3" type="personal">
<mods:role id="32C61C76A3703F04F7C2D476CFC62C16">
<mods:roleTerm id="E856DA14509A1EC0B2CA2D983155E999">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="AE0082478D5C551E408366D164907113">Blaimer, Bonnie B.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="31A087BE97503B1B74B336B7F6D65370">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="20D415A61BBC91A40E3F53804FB620CB" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="CB14C94A9019C45F930123F6EE11C3F9">
<mods:title id="C5074210266A0BEA1027D65BA74279D9">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="97C401B0B45F477882EAE98B6D739FD9">
<mods:date id="6AE1C59F028BC6CC95AE9823E46ECA6E">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="C499D9FB9F2A870B0DE1207AD6AC3175" type="volume">
<mods:number id="EF6CE5857E3F95E1BF2E97AB6E6285C1">194</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="50EF5573670467EE18C3D114F0C4B043" unit="page">
<mods:start id="01BCDF246CF8F07E69DAE6ED9BDDD090">893</mods:start>
<mods:end id="42BC84FB790231F9CAC01BEC31930DB8">937</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="00312AF13575CF912FEE211AACC371B3">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="6F3B0EA685F0E2248D144640979C14CA" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab047</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F6C765FB125FF34A161EBE9E7C8753CD" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0119FE7A52A18B059C7BEED0F555A901" type="Zenodo-Dep">10115063</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0764F729F68C2D9FBF54AC0EEE830502" type="ZooBank">6144DD31-0F7B-4589-86A3-F40994452C9</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="039987E6FFE6FFCAFC897CD8FC73608F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6352258" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6352258" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039987E6FFE6FFCAFC897CD8FC73608F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039987E6FFE6FFCAFC897CD8FC73608F" lastPageNumber="919" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">
<subSubSection id="C32A657BFFE6FFCAFC897CD8FA2167F1" box="[810,1423,440,465]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8F36F0FFE6FFCAFC897CD8FA2167F1" blockId="26.[810,1423,440,465]" box="[810,1423,440,465]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">
<heading id="D0C7819CFFE6FFCAFC897CD8FA2167F1" box="[810,1423,440,465]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFC897CD8FAA967F0" ID-CoL="ZBT9" authority="BUREN, 1968" authorityName="Buren" authorityYear="1968" box="[810,1287,440,465]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuntiae">
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFC897CD8FBC667F1" box="[810,1128,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">CREMATOGASTER OPUNTIAE</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B01FFE6FFCAFBD37CD8FAA967F0" author="Buren WF" box="[1136,1287,440,465]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" pagination="91 - 121" refId="ref34863" refString="Buren WF. 1968. A review of the species of Crematogaster, sensu stricto, in North America (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Part II. Descriptions of new species. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society 3: 91 - 121." type="journal article" year="1968">BUREN, 1968</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFAB07CDBFA2167F1" bold="true" box="[1299,1423,440,464]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">STAT. REV.</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32A657BFFE6FFCAFB887CBFFB2067D9" box="[1067,1166,479,504]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8F36F0FFE6FFCAFB887CBFFB2067D9" blockId="26.[1067,1166,479,504]" box="[1067,1166,479,504]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">
(
<figureCitation id="130B2A75FFE6FFCAFB977CBFFB2867D9" box="[1076,1158,479,504]" captionStart="Figures 2530" captionStartId="23.[163,255,1630,1652]" captionTargetBox="[332,1274,204,1581]" captionTargetId="figure-28@23.[323,1283,195,1590]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figures 2530. Crematogaster workers, showing lateral view of body (A), full-face view of head (B) and dorsal view of body (C). 25, C. opuntiae (CASENT0922738); 26, C. marioni (CASENT0922734); 27, C. coarctata (CASENT0005667); 28, C. hespera holotype (USNMENT00529501); 29, C. browni (CASENT0922722); 30, C. emeryana (CASENT0922729). Images courtesy of AntWeb (www.antweb.org); photographers Wade Lee (25, 26, 29, 30), April Nobile (27), Michele Esposito (28)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10115075" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10115075/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">FIG. 25</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32A657BFFE6FFCAFC8A7F68FBD764B9" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B8F36F0FFE6FFCAFC8A7F68FB26647B" blockId="26.[809,1425,519,664]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2011DEFFE6FFCAFC8A7F68FB26647B" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">
<treatmentCitation id="0A9110E1FFE6FFCAFC8A7F68FAB4643D" author="Buren WF" box="[809,1306,519,541]" page="120" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" year="1968">
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFC8A7F68FAB4643D" ID-CoL="ZBT9" authority="Buren, 1968: 120" authorityName="Buren" authorityPageNumber="120" authorityYear="1968" box="[809,1306,519,541]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuntiae">
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFC8A7F68FBEA643C" box="[809,1092,520,541]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">Crematogaster opuntiae</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B583CADFFE6FFCAFBEE7F68FAB4643D" box="[1101,1306,519,541]" collectionCode="LACM" location="Santa Rita Experimental Range" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="holotype">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B01FFE6FFCAFBEE7F68FAB4643D" author="Buren WF" box="[1101,1306,519,541]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" pagination="91 - 121" refId="ref34863" refString="Buren WF. 1968. A review of the species of Crematogaster, sensu stricto, in North America (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Part II. Descriptions of new species. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society 3: 91 - 121." type="journal article" year="1968">Buren, 1968: 120</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="548B8852FFE6FFCAFA847F67FA3F643C" box="[1319,1425,519,541]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
worker,
<location id="8EEF602BFFE6FFCAFC017F46FA89641A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039987E6FFE6FFCAFC897CD8FC73608F:8EEF602BFFE6FFCAFC017F46FA89641A" box="[930,1319,550,572]" name="Santa Rita Experimental Range" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" stateProvince="Arizona">Santa Rita Experimental Range</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F4F812FFE6FFCAFA907F46FA3E641D" box="[1331,1424,550,572]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">Arizona</collectingRegion>
(Buren) (LACM) (examined).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8F36F0FFE6FFCAFC8A7F03FBD764B9" blockId="26.[809,1425,519,664]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">
Junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFBA67F03FC0164B9" ID-CoL="ZBWW" authority=": Morgan &amp; Mackay, 2017: 396" authorityName=": Morgan &amp; Mackay" authorityPageNumber="396" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermiculata">
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFBA67F03FB026459" box="[1029,1196,611,632]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. vermiculata</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B01FFE6FFCAFB1A7F04FC0164B9" author="Morgan C &amp; Mackay W" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" refId="ref36528" refString="Morgan C, Mackay W. 2017. The North America acrobat ants of the hyperdiverse genus Crematogaster. Balti, Moldova: Lambert Academic Publishing." type="book" year="2017">Morgan &amp; Mackay, 2017: 396</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; here overturned.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32A657BFFE6FFCAFC8A7FA0FC73608F" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8F36F0FFE6FFCAFC8A7FA0FA906570" blockId="26.[809,1425,704,849]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFC8A7FA0FBEC64F7" box="[809,1090,704,726]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">Worker measurements (</emphasis>
N
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFBC27FA1FB0864F7" box="[1121,1190,705,726]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">= 10):</emphasis>
HW 0.861.21, HL 0.801.11, SL 0.720.94, WL 0.891.27, MtFL 0.74 1.05, MSC 13, A4SC 516, PP-SL/HW 0.140.19, CI 1.051.11, OI 0.260.29, SI 0.750.84, MtFL/HW 0.85 0.89, SPL/HW 0.190.25, SPTD/HW 0.500.59.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8F36F0FFE6FFCAFC8A7E1AFB7263D5" blockId="26.[809,1425,890,1525]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFC8A7E1AFB0465AE" box="[809,1194,890,911]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">
Discussion:
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFC047E1AFB0465AE" authorityName="Buren" authorityYear="1968" box="[935,1194,890,911]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuntiae">Crematogaster opuntiae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
bears little similarity or close phylogenetic relationship (
<figureCitation id="130B2A75FFE6FFCAFB057EF8FB4D658F" box="[1190,1251,920,942]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="5.[163,246,1512,1534]" captionTargetBox="[245,1361,198,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-121@5.[241,1364,195,1472]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogeny of the North American Crematogaster scutellaris group. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree estimated from the 90% taxon completeness matrix after application of spruceup trimming with a 0.98 cut-off (90%-0.98-spruceup), using a combined best tree and ultrafast bootstrap (N = 1000) search in IQ-TREE v.1.6.12 and implementing 746 partitions. The analysis was rooted using the most distantly related outgroup taxon C. cf.rogenhoferi; the long branch leading to this taxon has been shortened for space-saving purposes. All nodes have bootstrap support = 100% unless labelled otherwise. Species images courtesy of AntWeb (www.antweb.org)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10115065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10115065/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
) to the eastern, swamp-inhabiting species
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFBEB7ED7FB4965ED" authorityName=": Morgan &amp; Mackay" authorityYear="2017" box="[1096,1255,951,972]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermiculata">
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFBEB7ED7FB4965ED" box="[1096,1255,951,972]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. vermiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, under which it was synonymized by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B01FFE6FFCAFBB57EB6FA9B65CD" author="Morgan C &amp; Mackay W" box="[1046,1333,982,1004]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" refId="ref36528" refString="Morgan C, Mackay W. 2017. The North America acrobat ants of the hyperdiverse genus Crematogaster. Balti, Moldova: Lambert Academic Publishing." type="book" year="2017">Morgan &amp; Mackay (2017)</bibRefCitation>
. Among obvious differences, it has longer scapes and legs (SL/HL 0.830.90 and MtFL/HL 0.910.95 compared to SL/HL 0.750.82 and MtFL/HL
<quantity id="4CC89B15FFE6FFCAFBE47952FB7A6269" box="[1095,1236,1074,1096]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1971" metricValueMax="2.2606" metricValueMin="2.1336" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" unit="in" value="0.865" valueMax="0.89" valueMin="0.84">0.840.89 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFB7F7952FA2D6266" authorityName=": Morgan &amp; Mackay" authorityYear="2017" box="[1244,1411,1074,1095]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermiculata">
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFB7F7952FA2D6266" box="[1244,1411,1074,1095]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. vermiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), predominantly reticulate-foveolate sculpture on the promesonotum, more divergent propodeal spines (SPTD/ PPW 1.711.96 compared to
<quantity id="4CC89B15FFE6FFCAFBC379EEFB4B6285" box="[1120,1253,1166,1188]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3401" metricValueMax="3.7592" metricValueMin="2.921" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" unit="in" value="1.315" valueMax="1.48" valueMin="1.15">1.151.48 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFB4879EEFA276282" authorityName=": Morgan &amp; Mackay" authorityYear="2017" box="[1259,1417,1166,1187]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermiculata">
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFB4879EEFA276282" box="[1259,1417,1166,1187]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. vermiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and lesser amounts of standing pilosity (MSC 13 and A4SC 516, compared to MSC 39 and A4SC
<quantity id="4CC89B15FFE6FFCAFA9979ABFA3F62C0" box="[1338,1425,1227,1249]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.683" metricValueMax="5.08" metricValueMin="2.286" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" unit="in" value="14.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="9.0">920 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFC8A798AFC6362DE" authorityName=": Morgan &amp; Mackay" authorityYear="2017" box="[809,973,1258,1279]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vermiculata">
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFC8A798AFC6362DE" box="[809,973,1258,1279]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. vermiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). As noted by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B01FFE6FFCAFBCC798AFAAA6321" author="Buren WF" box="[1135,1284,1258,1280]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" pagination="91 - 121" refId="ref34863" refString="Buren WF. 1968. A review of the species of Crematogaster, sensu stricto, in North America (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Part II. Descriptions of new species. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society 3: 91 - 121." type="journal article" year="1968">Buren (1968)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFAB2798AFA3F62DE" authorityName="Buren" authorityYear="1968" box="[1297,1425,1258,1279]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuntiae">
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFAB2798AFA3F62DE" box="[1297,1425,1258,1279]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. opuntiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFC1D7869FBF6633C" box="[958,1112,1288,1310]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californica">
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFC1D7869FBF6633C" box="[958,1112,1288,1310]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. californica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, differing primarily by the shinier head and by the more appressed pubescence on the scapes and head. The relationship of
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFB567826FADA637A" authorityName="Buren" authorityYear="1968" box="[1269,1396,1350,1371]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuntiae">
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFB567826FADA637A" box="[1269,1396,1350,1371]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. opuntiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFC8A7805FC6F6358" box="[809,961,1380,1402]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californica">
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFC8A7805FC6F6358" box="[809,961,1380,1402]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. californica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
remains to be clarified they may well prove to be conspecific.
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFBE778E3FAF063B8" authorityName="Buren" authorityYear="1968" box="[1092,1374,1411,1433]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuntiae">
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFBE778E3FAF063B8" box="[1092,1374,1411,1433]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">Crematogaster opuntiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has similar eye, scape, leg (
<figureCitation id="130B2A75FFE6FFCAFB9D78C2FB216396" box="[1086,1167,1442,1464]" captionStart="Figures 4047" captionStartId="31.[163,256,1667,1689]" captionTargetBox="[328,1278,197,1627]" captionTargetId="figure-28@31.[325,1281,195,1628]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figures 4047. Bivariate plots of selected worker measurements in the Crematogaster scutellaris group. 40, PP-SL (postpetiole seta length) by HW (head width) in C. browni (N = 16) and C. cerasi (N = 17); 41, ED (eye diameter) by MtFL (metafemur length) in C. californica (N = 22) and C. coarctata (N = 21); 42, MtFL (metafemur length) by HW (head width) in C. californica (N = 22), C. colei (N = 12) and C. opuntiae (N = 10); 43, MtFL (metafemur length) by HW (head width) in C. depilis (N = 15), C. detecta (N = 11) and C. larreae (N = 5); 44, MtTL (metatibia length) by HW (head width) in C. depilis (N = 15), C. detecta (N = 11) and C. larreae (N = 5); 45, SPL (propodeal spine length) by HW (head width) in workers of C. hespera (N = 18), C. laeviuscula (N = 25) and C. parapilosa (N = 15); 46, SL (scape length) by HW (head width) in C. emeryana (N = 12) and C. marioni (N = 18); 47, SPTD (propodeal spine tip distance) by HW (head width) in C. lineolata (N = 26) and C. punctulata (N = 15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10115081" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10115081/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
) and propodeal spine dimensions as
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFC7178A1FBC763F4" box="[978,1129,1472,1494]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californica">
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFC7178A1FBC763F4" box="[978,1129,1472,1494]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. californica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and in our phylogenomic analyses the two are sister-taxa (
<figureCitation id="130B2A75FFE6FFCAFB3278BFFB6363D5" box="[1169,1229,1503,1525]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="5.[163,246,1512,1534]" captionTargetBox="[245,1361,198,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-121@5.[241,1364,195,1472]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogeny of the North American Crematogaster scutellaris group. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree estimated from the 90% taxon completeness matrix after application of spruceup trimming with a 0.98 cut-off (90%-0.98-spruceup), using a combined best tree and ultrafast bootstrap (N = 1000) search in IQ-TREE v.1.6.12 and implementing 746 partitions. The analysis was rooted using the most distantly related outgroup taxon C. cf.rogenhoferi; the long branch leading to this taxon has been shortened for space-saving purposes. All nodes have bootstrap support = 100% unless labelled otherwise. Species images courtesy of AntWeb (www.antweb.org)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10115065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10115065/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8F36F0FFE6FFCAFC8A7B7EFC73608F" blockId="26.[809,1425,1566,1710]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFC8A7B7EFBC76012" box="[809,1129,1566,1587]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">Distribution and biology:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA14B01FFE6FFCAFBD77B7EFAB76015" author="Buren WF" box="[1140,1305,1566,1588]" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" pagination="91 - 121" refId="ref34863" refString="Buren WF. 1968. A review of the species of Crematogaster, sensu stricto, in North America (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Part II. Descriptions of new species. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society 3: 91 - 121." type="journal article" year="1968">Buren (1968)</bibRefCitation>
recorded
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFC8A7B5DFC1F6073" authorityName="Buren" authorityYear="1968" box="[809,945,1597,1618]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuntiae">
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFC8A7B5DFC1F6073" box="[809,945,1597,1618]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. opuntiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from desert and semi-desert regions of
<collectingRegion id="49F4F812FFE6FFCAFC8A7B3BFC2A6050" box="[809,900,1627,1649]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">Arizona</collectingRegion>
and considered
<taxonomicName id="4C304D73FFE6FFCAFBE27B3BFB746051" box="[1089,1242,1627,1648]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="919" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californica">
<emphasis id="B944EAE2FFE6FFCAFBE27B3BFB746051" box="[1089,1242,1627,1648]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">C. californica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be restricted to
<collectingRegion id="49F4F812FFE6FFCAFCE87B1AFC6760B1" box="[843,969,1658,1680]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">California</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49F4F812FFE6FFCAFBAD7B1AFB7D60B1" box="[1038,1235,1658,1680]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="26" pageNumber="919">Baja California</collectingRegion>
. Both taxa are ground-nesting.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>