343 lines
39 KiB
XML
343 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="A67B0BE454FB84A379FDFA8F8BEE59F0" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.200731" ID-GBIF-Dataset="beebae8a-07f2-46d4-97c6-176978b0d8ae" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="200731" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460325814240" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sim-Smith, Carina & Kelly, Michelle" docDate="2011" docId="F11287F01A17C23E0BB611A297F5FB59" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02976p054.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2976" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Neopodospongia Sim-Smith & Kelly, 2011, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="41" masterDocId="0D2BFF881A1FC2370B211271973FFFB1" masterDocTitle="Two new genera in the family Podospongiidae (Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida) with eight new Western Pacific species" masterLastPageNumber="54" masterPageNumber="32" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1698257496038" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="2E9A499DD64F61176664E166EF48F0E8" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="CA5E84EB8E7796731FF0C7FA67F9E2BE">
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<mods:title id="870B9EA514CD0FF9D044FA2DE808B423">Two new genera in the family Podospongiidae (Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida) with eight new Western Pacific species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="19630DBFECB1DDC17CFF0AB0E0BFD404" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7F195913FA84E0555E8E5BA11B83F7A6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="758FB23CC5AF7604DEB154358F333AD6">Sim-Smith, Carina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="590443741179FEE2871D2778A765D7AF" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="306F7F3EA3C24B7F842E60E27136A94C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="72EA3B68C63B82C42539E718BDAA195E">Kelly, Michelle</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C58A5946299B308616C393DB9E062A66">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="68E34F57772AC8D1FB7AA2FE616462E8">
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<mods:title id="F874C2F04ADD47F4B6ABE453AEA06BFF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E03271697FCD0A641F2CB7D524547AA1">
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<mods:date id="9503ED5D02EDC9120D75BFB9ED452762">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="5376C6A0CBDB24738D2E2F3691F414D5" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="DEB66E42F8B61DF76EFB8EFA1813C50F">2976</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="6FA74AA70542DC5088AD86290C745ABF">32</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="AA487B4A443CA0B65E4DAF7BE0245B98">54</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="C54513480209F8FABEC17AA363D77232">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="17E8B291745BF10FBAABFDC2C73ED2B0" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.200731</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FA2DC1018C2EA9F9935F0622975A4FE1" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6F999D32BF9EF718BBAA2B5D35A28AA1" type="Zenodo-Dep">200731</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F11287F01A17C23E0BB611A297F5FB59" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6194129" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119403755" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6194129" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F11287F01A17C23E0BB611A297F5FB59" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F11287F01A17C23E0BB611A297F5FB59" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">
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<subSubSection id="31A1656D1A17C23F0BB611A29512FC5C" box="[151,557,979,1006]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="790436E61A17C23F0BB611A29512FC5C" blockId="8.[151,557,979,1006]" box="[151,557,979,1006]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">
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<heading id="224C818A1A17C23F0BB611A29512FC5C" bold="true" box="[151,557,979,1006]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F0BB611A29512FC5C" bold="true" box="[151,557,979,1006]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A17C23F0BCF11A59687FC5F" ID-CoL="84RRM" box="[238,440,980,1006]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Neopodospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F0BCF11A59687FC5F" bold="true" box="[238,440,980,1006]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">Neopodospongia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="50FC578F1A17C23F0A9E11A29512FC5C" box="[447,557,979,1005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="31A1656D1A17C23F0BB6166A9458FB81" box="[151,871,1050,1073]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="790436E61A17C23F0BB6166A9458FB81" blockId="8.[151,871,1050,1073]" box="[151,871,1050,1073]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">
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||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F0BB6166A9624FB80" bold="true" box="[151,283,1050,1073]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">
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<typeStatus id="A60088441A17C23F0BB6166A97F5FB81" box="[151,202,1051,1072]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A17C23F0A0B166B952BFB81" box="[298,532,1050,1072]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Neopodospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pagei">
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<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F0A0B166B952BFB81" box="[298,532,1050,1072]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">Neopodospongia pagei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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gen. et
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<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F0945166A958AFB81" bold="true" box="[612,693,1051,1072]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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, here designated.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="31A1656D1A17C23F0BB6162C93ACFA98" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="790436E61A17C23F0BB6162C93ACFA98" blockId="8.[151,1436,1117,2005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F0BB6162C962EFBC7" bold="true" box="[151,273,1117,1142]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Thinly encrusting
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<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A17C23F0AD0162C959BFBC4" box="[497,676,1117,1141]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Podospongiidae</taxonomicName>
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with simple, raised, regularly spaced oscules. Surface like cellophane or thin translucent leather, easily detached from underlying choanosome, enabling the sponge to be ripped off the substrate in a sheet. Megascleres are strongyloxeas with various modifications that form fine single or multiple tracts that emerge as sprays of secondary tracts or brushes in the ectosome. Microscleres are aciculospinorhabds in up to two size categories in which the apex is a ragged spire of merged, sculpted spines. Ectosome is highly collagenous and densely packed with microscleres. Protospinorhabds are sigmoidal.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="31A1656D1A17C23F0BE617449676FAC0" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="790436E61A17C23F0BE617449676FAC0" blockId="8.[151,1436,1117,2005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F0BE617449671FAFC" bold="true" box="[199,334,1333,1357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">Etymology.</emphasis>
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Named as a new, encrusting form of sponge that resembles the stipitate genus
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<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A17C23F0F9817449272FAFC" box="[1209,1357,1333,1357]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Podospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F0F9817449272FAFC" box="[1209,1357,1333,1357]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">Podospongia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F0E7C174792BAFAFC" box="[1373,1413,1334,1357]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">neo</emphasis>
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= Greek for new).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="31A1656D1A17C23F0BE6170C950FF9F8" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="790436E61A17C23F0BE6170C950FF9F8" blockId="8.[151,1436,1117,2005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F0BE6170C9604FA24" bold="true" box="[199,315,1405,1429]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">Remarks.</emphasis>
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Species of
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<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A17C23F0A9A170C9570FA24" box="[443,591,1405,1429]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Podospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F0A9A170C9570FA24" box="[443,591,1405,1429]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">Podospongia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were traditionally understood to be typically stipitate, with the exception of the thinly encrusting Irish species
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<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A17C23F093D17D09437FA08" box="[540,776,1441,1465]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="normani">
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<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F093D17D09437FA08" box="[540,776,1441,1465]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">Latrunculia normani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, transferred to
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<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A17C23F089617D09374FA08" box="[951,1099,1441,1465]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Podospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F089617D09374FA08" box="[951,1099,1441,1465]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">Podospongia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="1D2A4B171A17C23F0F5617D097F2FA6C" author="Kelly" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" refString="Kelly, M. & Samaai, T. (2002) Family Podospongiidae De Laubenfels, 1936. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Soest, R. W. M., van (Eds), Systema Porifera: A guide to the classification of sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 694 - 702." type="book chapter" year="2002" yearSuffix="p">Kelly & Samaai (2002, p. 698)</bibRefCitation>
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. These authors considered that the species
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<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A17C23F099717B7942AFA6C" box="[694,789,1478,1501]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="normani">
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<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F099717B7942AFA6C" box="[694,789,1478,1501]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">normani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was most probably a species of
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<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A17C23F0FA917B49223FA6C" box="[1160,1308,1477,1501]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Podospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F0FA917B49223FA6C" box="[1160,1308,1477,1501]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">Podospongia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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because of the presence of aciculospinorhabds, although the thinly encrusting habit did not conform to the diagnosis of the genus. Since 2002, two additional papers (
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<bibRefCitation id="1D2A4B171A17C23F0956147C9462F994" author="Cristobo" box="[631,861,1549,1573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" refString="Cristobo, J., Rios, P., Sanchez, F. & Anadon, N. (2009) Redescription of the rare species Podospongia loveni (Porifera) from the Cantabrian Sea. Continental Shelf Research, 29, 1157 - 1164." type="journal article" year="2009">
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Cristobo
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<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F09C0147F9425F994" box="[737,794,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">et al.</emphasis>
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2009
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="1D2A4B171A17C23F0848147C935EF994" author="Samaai" box="[873,1121,1549,1573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" refString="Samaai, T. & Kelly, M. (2006) Revision of the genus Latrunculia du Bocage, 1869 (Porifera: Demospongiae: Latrunculiidae) with descriptions of new species from New Caledonia and the northeastern Pacific. Zootaxa, 1127, 1 - 71." type="journal article" year="2006">Samaai & Kelly 2006</bibRefCitation>
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) listed the species as
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<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A17C23F0E76147C97CFF9F8" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Podospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F0E76147C97CFF9F8" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">Podospongia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with no further explanation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="31A1656D1A17C23E0BE6142497F5FB59" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="790436E61A17C23E0BE614249278FF46" blockId="8.[151,1436,1117,2005]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,1256]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A17C23F0BE6142496FFF9DC" ID-CoL="4KRKG" box="[199,448,1621,1645]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Podospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="normani">
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<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F0BE6142496FFF9DC" box="[199,448,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">Podospongia normani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from northwest
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<collectingCountry id="01AC76761A17C23F095B142495F6F9DC" box="[634,713,1621,1645]" name="Ireland" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">Ireland</collectingCountry>
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is remarkably similar to the
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<collectingCountry id="01AC76761A17C23F0F2B142793A0F9DC" box="[1034,1183,1621,1645]" name="New Zealand" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A17C23F0F871424925BF9DC" ID-CoL="84RRM" box="[1190,1380,1621,1645]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Neopodospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F0F871424925BF9DC" box="[1190,1380,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">Neopodospongia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="50FC578F1A17C23F0E4A142497F7F923" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F0E4A142497F7F923" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">gen. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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species despite the obviously disjunct distribution of the species.
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<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A17C23F08991408938CF920" ID-CoL="4KRKG" box="[952,1203,1657,1681]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Podospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="normani">
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<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F08991408938CF920" box="[952,1203,1657,1681]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">Podospongia normani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is described by
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<bibRefCitation id="1D2A4B171A17C23F0E4E14089614F904" author="Stephens" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" refString="Stephens, J. (1915) Sponges of the coasts of Ireland. I. The Triaxonida and part of the Tetraxonida. Fisheries, Ireland Scientific Investigations, 1914, 4, 1 - 43, pls I - V." type="journal article" year="1915">Stephens (1915)</bibRefCitation>
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as very thinly encrusting with a smooth surface interspersed by ‘minute hillocky elevations’ which may be contracted oscules. The choanosomal skeleton was described as consisting of ‘strong fibres made up of closely-packed multiserially arranged styli (those illustrated in
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<bibRefCitation id="1D2A4B171A17C23F085614949316F94C" author="Stephens" box="[887,1065,1765,1789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" refString="Stephens, J. (1915) Sponges of the coasts of Ireland. I. The Triaxonida and part of the Tetraxonida. Fisheries, Ireland Scientific Investigations, 1914, 4, 1 - 43, pls I - V." type="journal article" year="1915">Stephens, 1915</bibRefCitation>
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, Pl. V,
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<figureCitation id="E1802A631A17C23F0FA5149493F6F94C" box="[1156,1225,1765,1789]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1901,1924]" captionTargetBox="[255,1310,208,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[244,1343,155,1917]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Generalised skeletal architecture of new Podospongiidae genera and species: A. Podospongia virga, with secondary tract formation evident within the globular part of the body; B. Podospongia colini, with dendritic non-divergent tracts within the globular part of the body; C. generalised skeletal architecture of Neopodospongia species; D. generalised skeletal architecture of Diplopodospongia species." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200733/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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a–d are polytylote strongyloxeas with exactly the same morphology as those of the
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<collectingCountry id="01AC76761A17C23F0844157B94C4F890" box="[869,1019,1801,1825]" name="New Zealand" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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species), which run upwards through the sponge, and which are continued in a horizontal direction beneath the dermal layer of ‘dicasters’’ (= spinorhabds). We think that the horizontal orientation of the tracts may be due to desiccation or squashing as the same was observed in the extremely thin, soft
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<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A17C23F09951507942DF83C" ID-CoL="747SV" box="[692,786,1909,1933]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Neopodospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="exilis" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F0995150795F8F83C" box="[692,711,1910,1933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F09F61504942DF83C" box="[727,786,1909,1933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">exilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A17C23F083D150494D1F83C" bold="true" box="[796,1006,1909,1933]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="50FC578F1A17C23F083D150494B7F83C" box="[796,904,1909,1933]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, described below. The ectosome was described as consisting of a ‘single layer of vertically placed dicasters which are set closely together’ and they were found by Stephens to be scattered throughout the choanosome. This is also a characteristic of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="01AC76761A17C23F0FF015CF9258F864" box="[1233,1383,1981,2005]" name="New Zealand" pageId="8" pageNumber="40">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
species. The aciculospinorhabds are very similar in shape to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E08A712E894DCFF01" ID-CoL="747SV" box="[902,995,152,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Neopodospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="exilis" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E08A712E894A6FF01" box="[902,921,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">N</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E088912E994DCFF01" box="[936,995,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">exilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E08CD12E99386FF01" bold="true" box="[1004,1209,152,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="50FC578F1A16C23E08CD12E99369FF01" box="[1004,1110,152,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
described below, in that they have a four-spined basal whorl, a horizontal whorl of trifurcate spines in the middle, and an apical whorl of serrated spines from which emerges a conical spire with serrated edges (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1D2A4B171A16C23E08FF12AE93B2FF46" author="Stephens" box="[990,1165,223,247]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" refString="Stephens, J. (1915) Sponges of the coasts of Ireland. I. The Triaxonida and part of the Tetraxonida. Fisheries, Ireland Scientific Investigations, 1914, 4, 1 - 43, pls I - V." type="journal article" year="1915">Stephens, 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Pl. V, Fig. a–c).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="790436E61A16C23E0BE4137595DFFD16" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1256]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">
|
||
The key characters that link
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E0928137495BAFEAD" ID-CoL="4KRKG" box="[521,645,261,284]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Podospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="normani">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E092813749528FEAD" box="[521,535,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E0907137495BAFEAD" box="[550,645,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">normani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the three
|
||
<collectingCountry id="01AC76761A16C23E0808137494FFFEAD" box="[809,960,260,284]" name="New Zealand" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E0F60137593C0FEAD" ID-CoL="84RRM" box="[1089,1279,260,284]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Neopodospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E0F60137593C0FEAD" box="[1089,1279,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Neopodospongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="50FC578F1A16C23E0E261375924DFEAD" box="[1287,1394,260,284]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E0E261375924DFEAD" bold="true" box="[1287,1394,260,284]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
are the possession of a different form of aciculodiscorhabd, and the encrusting morphology. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E0F841359925CFEF1" ID-CoL="84RRM" box="[1189,1379,296,320]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Neopodospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E0F841359925CFEF1" box="[1189,1379,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Neopodospongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="50FC578F1A16C23E0E4A135997F7FED5" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E0E4A135997F7FED5" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
the large aciculorhabd is a ragged spire of fused spines, not just simple or bifurcate spines extending from the apical whorl as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E0A43130196C9FE39" ID-CoL="84SH9" box="[354,502,368,392]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Podospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E0A43130196C9FE39" box="[354,502,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Podospongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. They also form smooth encrustations, some of which may be extensive. Moreover, these four species have only a single form of megasclere, the strongyloxea, unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E0F0E13E593FCFE1D" ID-CoL="84SH9" box="[1071,1219,404,428]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Podospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E0F0E13E593FCFE1D" box="[1071,1219,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Podospongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which has an additional form in the stalk, a distinctive short thick anisostrongyle. Thus, for these five species at least, thin encrusting morphology is not just a developmental form of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E09F113AD945BFE45" ID-CoL="84SH9" box="[720,868,476,500]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Podospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E09F113AD945BFE45" box="[720,868,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Podospongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as was previously thought when
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1D2A4B171A16C23E0FD413AD92A3FE45" author="Vacelet" box="[1269,1436,476,500]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" refString="Vacelet, J. (1969) Eponges de la roche du large et de l'etage bathyal de mediterranee. Memoires du Museum National D'histoire Naturelle. Paris Series A, 59, 145 - 219." type="journal article" year="1969">Vacelet (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
attributed several thin encrusting sponges to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E09BB107095C3FDA9" ID-CoL="3SM26" box="[666,764,512,536]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Podospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="loveni">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E09BB10709597FDA9" box="[666,680,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E0999107195C3FDA9" box="[696,764,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">loveni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It would be of benefit to examine these specimens in the light of what we now know about
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E0913105595CFFD8D" ID-CoL="84RRM" box="[562,752,548,572]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Neopodospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E0913105595CFFD8D" box="[562,752,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Neopodospongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="50FC578F1A16C23E09DB10559458FD8D" box="[762,871,548,572]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E09DB10559458FD8D" bold="true" box="[762,871,548,572]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
before it can be concluded that they are indeed encrusting forms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E0A5610399534FDD1" ID-CoL="84SH9" box="[375,523,584,608]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Podospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E0A5610399534FDD1" box="[375,523,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Podospongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It should be noted here that the informally named shallow water Chilean species, S
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E0B87101D96D4FD35" box="[166,491,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">
|
||
igmosceptrella
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E0A73101C96D4FD35" box="[338,491,621,644]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Sigmosceptrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tupecomareni">tupecomareni</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, illustrated in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1D2A4B171A16C23E09AD101D9449FD35" box="[652,886,620,644]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" refString="Willenz, P., Hajdu, E., Desqueyroux-Faundez, R., Lobo-Hajdu, G., Carvalho, M. S. (2009). Class Demospongiae. In: Haussermann, V. & Forsterra, G. (Eds), Marine Benthic Fauna of Chilean Patagonia. Nature in Focus, Santiago, pp. 93 - 170." type="book chapter">
|
||
Willenz
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E09CB101C9425FD35" box="[746,794,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. is also clearly a species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E0F89101D9259FD35" ID-CoL="84RRM" box="[1192,1382,620,644]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Neopodospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E0F89101D9259FD35" box="[1192,1382,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Neopodospongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="50FC578F1A16C23E0E4D101C97FDFD16" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" rank="genus">gen. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, with two size categories of aciculospinorhabds.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="790436E61A16C23E0BE410C593F9FC31" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1256]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">
|
||
The discovery of three thinly encrusting species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E082A10C59481FD7D" ID-CoL="84KNV" box="[779,958,692,716]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Podospongiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="01AC76761A16C23E08C510C49341FD7D" box="[996,1150,692,716]" name="New Zealand" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, with aciculospinorhabds that are remarkably similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E097810A895E9FD41" ID-CoL="4KRKG" box="[601,726,728,752]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Podospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="normani">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E097810A89558FD41" box="[601,615,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E095610A895E9FD41" box="[631,726,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">normani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="01AC76761A16C23E083E10A6944EFD5E" box="[799,881,727,751]" name="Ireland" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Ireland</collectingCountry>
|
||
, raises the question of the integrity of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E0BB6108D9614FCA5" ID-CoL="84SH9" box="[151,299,764,788]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Podospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E0BB6108D9614FCA5" box="[151,299,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Podospongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as it presently stands. Although the disjunct distribution may be considered unusual, it has precedents in the relatively well known genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E09111151958BFC89" ID-CoL="84PKD" box="[560,692,800,824]" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Latrunculia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E09111151958BFC89" box="[560,692,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Latrunculia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
du
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1D2A4B171A16C23E09C111509443FC86" author="Bocage" box="[736,892,799,825]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" refString="Bocage, J. V. B., du (1869) Eponges siliceuses nouvelles du Portugal et de l'ile Saint-Iago (Archipel de Cap-Vert). Jornal de Sciencias Mathematicas, Physicas e Naturaes, 2, 159 - 162, pls X - XI." type="journal article" year="1869">Bocage, 1869</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E08951151923AFC86" authority="Bowerbank, 1864" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1864" box="[948,1285,799,824]" class="Demospongiae" family="Polymastiidae" genus="Polymastia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E08951151930DFC89" box="[948,1074,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Polymastia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1D2A4B171A16C23E0F1B116E923AFC86" author="Bowerbank" box="[1082,1285,799,823]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1864) A Monograph of the British Spongiadae (Vol. 1). Ray Society, London, 290 pp." type="book" year="1864">Bowerbank, 1864</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which occur in both hemispheres. Because of the considerable similarity of the forms of the Irish and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="01AC76761A16C23E0FA511349224FCED" box="[1156,1307,836,860]" name="New Zealand" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
species we have little hesitation in hereby transferring
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E095B1119944BFC31" ID-CoL="4KRKG" box="[634,884,872,896]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Podospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="normani">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E095B1119944BFC31" box="[634,884,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Podospongia normani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E08B911199369FC31" ID-CoL="84RRM" box="[920,1110,872,896]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Neopodospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E08B911199369FC31" box="[920,1110,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Neopodospongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="50FC578F1A16C23E0F7D111993F9FC31" box="[1116,1222,872,896]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E0F7D111993F9FC31" bold="true" box="[1116,1222,872,896]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="790436E61A16C23E0BE411FD97F5FB59" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1256]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E0BE411FD96BCFC15" ID-CoL="84RRM" box="[197,387,908,932]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Neopodospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E0BE411FD96BCFC15" box="[197,387,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Neopodospongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="50FC578F1A16C23E0AAA11FD96CAFC15" box="[395,501,908,932]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E0AAA11FD96CAFC15" bold="true" box="[395,501,908,932]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
can be compared to other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E080611FD94E5FC15" ID-CoL="84KNV" box="[807,986,908,932]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Podospongiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera, including encrusting species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E0BB611C19674FC79" ID-CoL="84TMF" box="[151,331,944,968]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Sigmosceptrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E0BB611C19674FC79" box="[151,331,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Sigmosceptrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but is clearly differentiated from these by the presence of characteristic aciculospinorhabds. While the generalised skeletal arrangement in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E09BC11A59464FC5D" ID-CoL="84RRM" box="[669,859,980,1004]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Neopodospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E09BC11A59464FC5D" box="[669,859,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Neopodospongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="50FC578F1A16C23E084311A594F4FC5D" box="[866,971,980,1004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E084311A594F4FC5D" bold="true" box="[866,971,980,1004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is reminiscent of that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E0FC311A592AAFC5D" ID-CoL="84TMF" box="[1250,1429,980,1004]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Sigmosceptrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E0FC311A592AAFC5D" box="[1250,1429,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Sigmosceptrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the latter has well defined thick plumose divergent tracts with frequently dumbbell-shaped spinorhabds (Kelly-
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1D2A4B171A16C23E0BB6166C9696FB85" author="Borges" box="[151,425,1052,1077]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" refString="Kelly-Borges, M. & Vacelet, J. (1995) A revision of Diacarnus Burton and Negombata de Laubenfels (Demospongiae: Latrunculidae) with descriptions of new species from the west central Pacific and the Red Sea. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 38, 477 - 503." type="journal article" year="1995">Borges & Vacelet 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E0963166C9586FB85" ID-CoL="84N5R" box="[578,697,1053,1076]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Diacarnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E0963166C9586FB85" box="[578,697,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Diacarnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are highly diverse with barrel-shaped, spherical, and branching forms, but all have exquisite umbelliform or candelabra-like plumose fibres, spinorhabds, and linear microsclere protorhabds.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E0A0D16159692FBCD" ID-CoL="84QQW" box="[300,429,1124,1148]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Negombata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E0A0D16159692FBCD" box="[300,429,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Negombata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a western Indian and Southeast Asian genus and is characterised by beautiful orange red colouration in life and a spongin bound plumoreticulation of two forms of megascleres within the choanosome. In comparison to other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E0ABB16DD9572FB75" ID-CoL="84KNV" box="[410,589,1196,1220]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Podospongiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEBB4D651A16C23E098A16DD9456FB75" ID-CoL="84RRM" box="[683,873,1196,1220]" class="Demospongiae" family="Podospongiidae" genus="Neopodospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E098A16DD9456FB75" box="[683,873,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">Neopodospongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="50FC578F1A16C23E084E16DD94E7FB75" box="[879,984,1196,1220]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BCFEAF41A16C23E084E16DD94E7FB75" bold="true" box="[879,984,1196,1220]" pageId="9" pageNumber="41">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has a relatively simple skeletal architecture.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |