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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="198853" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c5acfacc-834a-4abc-ad38-d6d2964f72f5" ID-PMC="PMC9836506" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1133-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="4C6A7FCDB0B55088AED4D861AF5BE503" ID-PubMed="36760608" ID-ZooBank="D7A37FE0DC2A4ECCA6A10E873C7C7A5A" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1133-1" checkinTime="1669899240784" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna &amp; Imada, Yume" docDate="2022" docId="D6949971FB2358D2A867C02605D5CA43" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1133: 1-164" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1133" docPubDate="2022-11-30" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530" docTitle="Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis Kato 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="B6F924D3-86D3-4A6E-9C66-DE45C0188495" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" id="4C6A7FCDB0B55088AED4D861AF5BE503" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="4C6A7FCDB0B55088AED4D861AF5BE503" masterDocTitle="Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts" masterLastPageNumber="164" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1720471835971" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="403E3C8266465BB9DFBCAC8CE083F403">Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="501EEECA3D9D45BE45D51CB2175F370E">Kato, Makoto</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F3AA18CFC79E620464D03A3D4E52B82F" type="email">kato@zoo.zool.kyoto-u.ac.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="3F193BC85605525AE50519500EFA4E0D">Yamamori, Luna</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="69427D1005C128F69CDB27E9DC8219E8" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5342-1277</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="23DF066DE24CA1A1AD46647C1A69F937">Imada, Yume</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E10BA2DF1D81BB44FC292132DB61BD88" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2173-7389</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date id="695D7B264BA678230311B2E251EEFA30">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F00DEA8A552B8B8041B2634EF696894C">2022-11-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F09ED7A3A68553DA0CCC6EAB4DFA1CB0">1133</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="A9C869890BCA56AD4E4C6B0D68842C8A" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530</mods:identifier>
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<subSection id="77C35B359A19B7C03A86EEDD751C3A1B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="results">
<treatment id="D6949971FB2358D2A867C02605D5CA43" ID-GBIF-Taxon="205344573" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B6F924D3-86D3-4A6E-9C66-DE45C0188495" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D6949971FB2358D2A867C02605D5CA43" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="B3C8FB115F469813FB17C8D30B59C48B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="576C21AAD1EA81BF4A55A3D90290B159" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
39.
<taxonomicName id="6595E463ED5541FC4C08D077F6DA84D4" ID-CoL="BDJLZ" LSID="https://zoobank.org/B6F924D3-86D3-4A6E-9C66-DE45C0188495" authority="Kato" authorityName="Kato" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Phytoliriomyza" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phaeocerotis" status="sp. nov.">Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis Kato</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7F240BB1F8752572F3A25E0EC8282E92" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="40AB4AB4A32F264AC2C7A1D94FC4575A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="6F9858C9A1A23E596D3AD337AD80F380" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="0154954040788933887382575212EC17" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 74</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A7C7D8674934732BB673AC47637069E9" captionStart="Figure 75" captionStartId="F75" captionText="Figure 75. Female morphology and larval morphology / ecology of Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-C female postabdomen A spermatheca B oviscape and spermatheca C tergite 10 D-G, larval morphology D posterior spiracle E anterior body F, G pharyngeal skeleton in lateral and ventral-lateral view H, I habitat at type locality H harvested rice field I Notothylas temperata thalli growing on soil after harvest of rice J-L mined thalli of Phaeoceros carolinianus at type locality M-Q habitat (M) thalli bearing sporophytes (N) and mined thallus (O) of P. carolinianus at Yonaguni Is., Black and white arrows i indicate larvae and puparia, respectively. Scale: 100 µm (A-C, E-G); 10 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure75" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 75</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4B6665495C161F4468625B4EB09833CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="material examined">
<paragraph id="9FD99D19364A6B31CE748B75225032A7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BAA4AAB220B1607243D36BC7974CE8DD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="4928AA06809C6FDBF287E593A7B2278E" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9B0C158F8DE583518BC5ABDC990793C1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">:</emphasis>
Japan: 1♂ (MK-AG-150), Muramatsu, Iwakura, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref. (
<geoCoordinate id="49DCAE743F948A939BFB6FB2B1131AE7" degrees="35.0931" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.0931">35.0931°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="CC546A650A8F5A82CB137734948E08B4" degrees="135.7900" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="135.79">135.7900°E</geoCoordinate>
, 150 m asl), 16-XI-2017 (as larva on
<taxonomicName id="C74F24A5314D888624C385E1F886D83E" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Notothyladaceae" genus="Notothylas" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Notothylas temperata" order="Notothyladales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="temperata">
<emphasis id="995A0A46520506FBF02B41FEB859CCA8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notothylas temperata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), emerged on 2-I-2018, NSMT-I-Dip 32121.
<emphasis id="77EB973C219FC425FF353D5042D077A6" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
<emphasis id="4FD3D1DC8D112B930054BCF9F317C0C9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">:</emphasis>
Japan: 2♂1♀ (MK-AG-a481, a483, a482), same data as holotype, emerged on 24-XI-2017-5-I-2018, NSMT-I-Dip 32122-32124; 1♀ (MK-AG-135), type locality, 22-IV-2016 (as larva on
<taxonomicName id="A4969EE369A0B0015FB4C059247CC268" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Dendrocerotaceae" genus="Phaeoceros" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phaeoceros carolinianus" order="Dendrocerotales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="carolinianus">
<emphasis id="77A02771967ACB3E094C5A500ED64DB1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phaeoceros carolinianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), emerged on 10-V-2016, NSMT-I-Dip 32125; 1♀ (MK-AG-a10), type locality, 15-XI-2019 (as larva on
<taxonomicName id="A1D8F6AAAF756F2A74289FA44886AD3C" lsidName="Ph. carolinianus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="carolinianus">
<emphasis id="8BA593CDB90382083E797D5D962F7576" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ph. carolinianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), emerged on 18-XII-2019, NSMT-I-Dip 32126; 1♂ (MK-AG-a415), Inago, Shibakawa, Fujinomiya, Shizuoka Pref., 17-XII-2019 (as larva on
<taxonomicName id="EC8D040455E87A0F98BC5B2332A332E3" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Anthocerotaceae" genus="Anthoceros" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anthoceros punctatus" order="Anthocerotales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="6765727456BDD65D59CD1A8645BC2674" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anthoceros punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), emerged on 24-I-2020, NSMT-I-Dip 32127; 1♀ (MK-AG-a375), Mt. Gion, Takahashi, Okayama Pref., 9-X-2017 (as larva on
<taxonomicName id="08887600CC4DEDD61F809EE6B6E10594" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Notothyladaceae" genus="Notothylas" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Notothylas temperata" order="Notothyladales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="temperata">
<emphasis id="4891C4A8E2475B6F1FA482E6E2B5C93E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notothylas temperata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), emerged on 3-XI-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 32128; 1♀ (MK-AG-a11), Shodon, Kakeroma Is., Setouchi, Kagoshima Pref., 24-I-2019 (as larva on
<taxonomicName id="E2302FD59AA7763CF1A404CE5E6FF4FA" lsidName="Ph. carolinianus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="carolinianus">
<emphasis id="C20E999C4430273C90B4F7E1EB06BB85" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ph. carolinianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), emerged on 24-II-2019, NSMT-I-Dip 32129; 1♂ (MK-AG-a12), Minami-bokujo, Yonaguni Is. Yaeyama, Okinawa Pref., 5-III-2019 (as larva on
<taxonomicName id="0517E478CAD8D07955B19739F9687D39" lsidName="Ph. carolinianus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="carolinianus">
<emphasis id="614E51C230DFA32A4B0391991FDF48D8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ph. carolinianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), emerged on 2-IV-2019, NSMT-I-Dip 32130.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08ACF31CBB8055A8EFE5465D1D392C6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="other material">
<paragraph id="2794E32B2EC7671F5AC494BCDD99FEF2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="09BAD64A6AAD1FEED3679A3495F1C277" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Japan: On
<taxonomicName id="7EC20E93A5ED24D80EF5931C7E611BD1" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Dendrocerotaceae" genus="Phaeoceros" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phaeoceros carolinianus" order="Dendrocerotales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="carolinianus">
<emphasis id="B4B0854363DE15E096AC3FDC2213EDFE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phaeoceros carolinianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 27♂52♀, Yudenno-sato, Sugegaya, Makinohara, Shizuoka Pref., 9-I-2018 (as larva), emerged on 2-26-II-2018; 2♂5♀, Megami, Makinohara, Shizuoka Pref., 10-XII-2017 (as larva), emerged on 30-I-7-II-2018; 11♂14♀, Muramatsu, Iwakura, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 3-I-2018 (as larva), emerged on 19-I-23-II-2018; 18♂26♀, Shiozuka-kogen, Yamashiro, Miyoshi, Tokushima Pref., 5-XI-2017 (as larva), emerged on 29-XI-2017-9-II-2018; 6♂15♀, Shodon, Kakeroma Is., Setouchi, Kagoshima Pref., 23-I-2019 (as larva), emerged on 2-II-11-III-2019; 2♂, Minami-bokujo, Yonaguni Is. Yaeyama, Okinawa Pref., 5-III-2019 (as larva), emerged on 2-IV-2019.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B88C7D0D6556DBE0CFC9546F1D345093" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
On
<taxonomicName id="B32D2BC47197AD1375A82D79A930D6B7" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Notothyladaceae" genus="Notothylas" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Notothylas temperata" order="Notothyladales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="temperata">
<emphasis id="B2CAB644ED979227160F44D90F85DAC8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notothylas temperata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 1♀, Inago, Shibakawa, Fujinomiya, Shizuoka Pref., 17-XII-2019 (as larva), emerged on 19-I-2020; 8♂17♀, Muramatsu, Iwakura, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 16-XI-2017 (as larva), emerged on 20-XI-21-II-2017; 1♂, Mita-ike, Toyokura, Kasai, Hyogo Pref., 30-X-2017 (as larva), emerged on 17-XII-2017; 9♂10♀, Mt. Gion, Takahashi, Okayama Pref., 6-XI-2017 (as larva), emerged on 12-XI-5-XII-2017.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="35EE04D515706EF7C64BE3198C3D57F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
On
<taxonomicName id="A4F5C66EDFBF8888698842D913077AD6" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Notothyladaceae" genus="Notothylas" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Notothylas orbicularis" order="Notothyladales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="orbicularis">
<emphasis id="ED4100DA69DF6D465F9EBA1A83DA9A78" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notothylas orbicularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 1♂, Izuruhara, Tamura, Tochigi Pref., 2-XI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 10-XII-2021.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3311268560097273EC53E2FFC6DB421D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
On
<taxonomicName id="20A64FED2BAC91BA61205F9187863D22" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Anthocerotaceae" genus="Anthoceros" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anthoceros punctatus" order="Anthocerotales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="543F60D7B7DA27804C58B92505022A20" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anthoceros punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 1♂1♀, Inago, Shibakawa, Fujinomiya, Shizuoka Pref., 7-XII-2019 (as larva), emerged on 8-28-I-2020; 1♂1♀, Mita-ike, Toyokura, Kasai, Hyogo Pref., 30-X-2017 (as larva), emerged on 28-29-XI-2017.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="764632021D99A1E8BC698199AB2A855E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D57DF629B59CA88BE69CA9A2D87E8D09" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="839359F17A628C9B5D98D947F0287294" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
A small species (wing length 1.2-1.5 mm) that has a pruinose gray scutum and scutellum, brown 1st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, brown halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a short tubercle-like seta. Distiphalli elongated, tapering toward apex, more than 2
<normalizedToken id="FB4900CDB4ECA13ED1638F0E5E83AC5E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than the phallapodeme. the larvae mine thalli of hornworts belonging to the following genera:
<taxonomicName id="EAE7BC85FCF71D5826802E3B3E3310C6" authorityName="Sullivant ex A.Gray" authorityYear="1846" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Notothyladaceae" genus="Notothylas" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Notothylas" order="Notothyladales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B03801BC09F217DF087CA0F4D217371D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notothylas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B4C939BCD3DBDD35A7BD5ACFB0D3044E" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Dendrocerotaceae" genus="Phaeoceros" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phaeoceros" order="Dendrocerotales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C56B31502197BE35D3FFCCBF08197B99" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phaeoceros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BEF2DAF9D351ED7FF598D3AF5790D422" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Anthocerotaceae" genus="Anthoceros" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anthoceros" order="Anthocerotales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0F4707E48681D9D27175B8B08BDFDC36" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anthoceros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="43D8A00192E322B471D29D940C5339A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="E8C39F44F64263FB0A9EC93C99015D30" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5979767C9BC014CE275DC811AFEBC02B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="F171EB5484C2A832802D62EA23C0FCB7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Adult male</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="3BE025AFF50AE030C8FDF69A6688D40C" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74A-E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C32B0DCE3E7093B17FEE8A949069844" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="3DBCBB2FBDFAAAD6E059C38273B873E8" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
<emphasis id="26A4DAC1B1D62D1BD6072353BEEF6FF4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">:</emphasis>
Head entirely pale yellow, with ocellar tubercle dark brown, and back of head dark brown excluding margins (Fig.
<figureCitation id="EB4F15A50C1097EAE759AB4CFBE357A0" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74C</figureCitation>
). Antenna porrect; first flagellomere brown, pedicel and scape grayish yellow (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F53B077FE5E71F4D46A091B0BD3B7882" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74B</figureCitation>
). Arista subbasal, brown, pubescent. Frons brownish yellow, with reflective pruinosity. Face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, pale yellow; palpus pale yellow, ovate (Fig.
<figureCitation id="FE332591A84DFE0D7932F8A670BBBE73" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74C</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="A21ABF40265F8D3811F670B4752E0CA0" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chaetotaxy</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C0998144972D508AD14D43D491FE99E0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">:</emphasis>
Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig.
<figureCitation id="285DD98CC45C1DBDE2EDC838A1FE72E9" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74B</figureCitation>
). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row.
</paragraph>
<caption id="61645F7BBF8725C7A6197C83560A7597" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 74" startId="F74">
<paragraph id="1A6519287DD0331FA1B7AF50BAD45E49" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="A2EFC71359157A2E6F79651CA357DD62" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 74.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5FAD1E38ABCDDB5F2F8E684F8A61F967" authorityName="Kato" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Dendrocerotaceae" genus="Phytoliriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phaeocerotis">
<emphasis id="33B56165B7C14DC59E94ABBD848C47F9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis id="5F93B08C7BF513779E1C3092EEFDC5C4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-E</emphasis>
holotype male
<emphasis id="30FDEECAE3DFE09D09987359EB5046F1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
habitus
<emphasis id="C0FB35A9CE5417F44C376D5DA478457C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
lateral
<emphasis id="3C6CABB370A95E4C87862557FA5D0749" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
frontal
<emphasis id="1C1A4B4C86EC7BBA3C7307B30371D906" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
dorsal
<emphasis id="3C18619C0DDE08BD05406D8C0323C19D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
posterior
<emphasis id="19BDC771E3B3706A426CA2A00E876220" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
paratype female (MK-AG-a10), dorsal
<emphasis id="12520D39C8606411DC5DE283789142AF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G-K</emphasis>
male genitalia (
<emphasis id="E5D42362E14146F7F8BBD96F3E609B13" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G, H</emphasis>
emerged from
<taxonomicName id="D5FAA849A29771661AD658D21C991D2B" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Notothyladaceae" genus="Notothylas" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Notothylas temperata" order="Notothyladales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="temperata">
<emphasis id="125820ACB75B8AFCA7BC916D736DFC25" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notothylas temperata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at type locality
<emphasis id="928597010208CF1813866FDC84D8F089" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
emerged from
<taxonomicName id="1160029E41AA35DB73E0D2002D887893" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Dendrocerotaceae" genus="Phaeoceros" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phaeoceros carolinianus" order="Dendrocerotales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="carolinianus">
<emphasis id="B98729D473907C82A1E1895C1FD0168C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phaeoceros carolinianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at Kakeroma Is.
<emphasis id="357CB0F01823A9E4F61B3A96057C1A34" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
emerged from
<taxonomicName id="792B6A67B7A5584B5F4DB8CB20467887" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Notothyladaceae" genus="Notothylas" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Notothylas temperata" order="Notothyladales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="temperata">
<emphasis id="0B9E7E40F5D70CE37ED9F3615B2DDC6D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notothylas temperata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at Kibi-kogen
<emphasis id="AB63716E4693406E2AE6F0BC40742B45" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
emerged from
<taxonomicName id="C6BB21F4E2F3F52AA56CEA4214F67641" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Anthocerotaceae" genus="Anthoceros" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anthoceros punctatus" order="Anthocerotales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="EB1415BA7A31B0FE0F9983D5BE11BF6B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anthoceros punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at Inago)
<emphasis id="D6E7AE7AC49B88D32F6FC8338F485F16" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
whole genitalia, ventral
<emphasis id="BFD5F470869AB1A368239BAA4A05F56F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H, J</emphasis>
phallic complex, lateral and ventral
<emphasis id="3C26E94D407289E0B1EC1205BE31EAD5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
epandrium, ventral
<emphasis id="F3659FFBAB15F55826E36A42D81F775A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
ejaculatory apodeme, lateral
<emphasis id="9F3486F338D2E6A48AE58FC13CF6DCA4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
phallic complex, lateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="BD098ED5E879C5BA2D2EBA494675E982" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="89E12777EE6488B9BDC9F9097596A2B0" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thorax</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0027C2DED29673F33CDDC1881E00DDDD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">:</emphasis>
Thorax subshiny, pale yellow. Scutum and scutellum pruinose gray (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B4981CB589C5E1EE599F40F29D5F3081" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74D</figureCitation>
). Subscutellum pale yellow. Mediotergite dark gray, anatergite brown, and katatergite pale yellow (Fig.
<figureCitation id="6E42E17B3CBAC68E6C34415B9DD9D63E" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74E</figureCitation>
). Pleuron largely pale yellow; postpronotal lobe with anterior brown spot; propleuron with a small brown patch on mid-anterior corner; notopleuron with narrow brown patch on anterior-lower margin; anepisternum and anepimeron without brown spot; katepisternum and meron with large brown patches on venter (Fig.
<figureCitation id="3EA5767BA923ED9F31DA61C11DC67641" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74B</figureCitation>
). Haltere grayish yellow, with stalk paler. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments brownish yellow with coxa pale yellow; femur of foreleg with narrow brown subdistal patch on frontal side; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9322BBF3E59A70CF923BFD75ADF13930" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74A</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="9B28E76BB0BD5D2CFA232B6A223D3684" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chaetotaxy</emphasis>
<emphasis id="8282D34E91717B3F54E441D5C583FB73" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">:</emphasis>
Scutum with 1+3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2757177878B340B51221390A30C32EBB" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74D</figureCitation>
). Acrostichal seta absent.
<emphasis id="759DCBF03F11BBEBD87837637BF28CFB" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Wing</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1FDFF9406DEE8E05299BD04B5E51E689" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">:</emphasis>
Wing length 1.2-1.3 mm, costa reaching M1 (Fig.
<figureCitation id="6F620CD97DFF10732B279D1003A84A47" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74A</figureCitation>
). M4 disappears immediately before reaching wing margin. Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section 1.8-2.5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5FF401AC05507059D5EE066A04D64AE8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="FA4E18BD1935C496945B628A8DE12F3D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Abdomen</emphasis>
<emphasis id="83E45D3368111508059824481AD96E50" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">:</emphasis>
Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellowish brown; epandrium brown (Fig.
<figureCitation id="091BB248134D53710AD920D877BDB62C" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74E</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="87A9B52A89D203BFE39B6FC5B5D5A084" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Genitalia</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BB1A7BEE9C1AE389FAA97B1E2C598805" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">:</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="23D0E27F858E57262B1259C4EA05B5BD" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74G-L</figureCitation>
) Epandrium rounded apically; posterior end of inner margin with one or two tubercle-like setae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="101118179195CF31124F22A225F58207" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74G, I</figureCitation>
). Surstylus small, ovate, membranous, without setae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2CBE6CB8657AB26CF7BF0CDD9294B164" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74I</figureCitation>
). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite with a pair of pale plate-like dorsal arms directed posteriorly and a pair of pale elongated plate-like ventral arms directed ventrally (Fig.
<figureCitation id="557B6845411361FE30B6A05C07C46C47" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74I</figureCitation>
). Hypandrium thin, slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig.
<figureCitation id="4C732BF24FB3F181AF6B13FA929E8CF2" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74G</figureCitation>
). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, pointed and cleft apically (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B3620A95B21BD2969A8A86ABF8A32F33" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74H, J</figureCitation>
). Phallophorus with shallow incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, connecting to asymmetric epiphallus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C6063F0BD020EE56153919C43DAC0093" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74H, J, L</figureCitation>
). Basiphallus supported by a pair of rod-like lateral sclerites (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7F4FB7E3EBE8D14ADC78C6D99B185DAF" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74H</figureCitation>
). Hypophallus membranous, centrally with a pair of narrow sclerites (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E3E9C7F983DFC0C2442EE7E7DE135FBF" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74G-J</figureCitation>
). Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus cylindrical, dorsolaterally sclerotized, medially widest. Distiphallus is a fused tubule comprising one pair of elongated tubules, with dark shoehorn-shaped sclerites basally; the tubule pale, extremely elongated, longer than phallapodeme; easily unfolded in the course of dissection (Fig.
<figureCitation id="25F82BC9CBE7CAC06B3CCCB351EB9B8B" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74G</figureCitation>
). Ejaculatory apodeme pale, fan-shaped with short brown stalk and clear sperm pump (Fig.
<figureCitation id="37253B8B695123BD3371649732D1795B" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74K</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="274B526BA89F7008A744F82D247DBB8E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="5F6E6B759726E886FC942A8C4F94FFFA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="61C6B4FCC610A50D50EAFE0497C6C62F" captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-E holotype male A habitus B lateral C frontal D dorsal E posterior F paratype female (MK-AG-a 10), dorsal G-K male genitalia (G, H emerged from Notothylas temperata at type locality I emerged from Phaeoceros carolinianus at Kakeroma Is. J emerged from Notothylas temperata at Kibi-kogen K emerged from Anthoceros punctatus at Inago) G whole genitalia, ventral H, J phallic complex, lateral and ventral I epandrium, ventral K ejaculatory apodeme, lateral L phallic complex, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775448" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">74F</figureCitation>
). Similar to male, but larger, frons wider. Wing length 1.5 mm.
<emphasis id="3906639AFF50B8A890F7648DD3FBCB4A" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Postabdomen</emphasis>
<emphasis id="8D7573A122F4A7E5CB3FD575AF04839B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">:</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="EC75AEB052E5F7C8436B309697691658" captionStart="Figure 75" captionStartId="F75" captionText="Figure 75. Female morphology and larval morphology / ecology of Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-C female postabdomen A spermatheca B oviscape and spermatheca C tergite 10 D-G, larval morphology D posterior spiracle E anterior body F, G pharyngeal skeleton in lateral and ventral-lateral view H, I habitat at type locality H harvested rice field I Notothylas temperata thalli growing on soil after harvest of rice J-L mined thalli of Phaeoceros carolinianus at type locality M-Q habitat (M) thalli bearing sporophytes (N) and mined thallus (O) of P. carolinianus at Yonaguni Is., Black and white arrows i indicate larvae and puparia, respectively. Scale: 100 µm (A-C, E-G); 10 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure75" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">75A-C</figureCitation>
) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A418FDC3DC4B570909DF35C0E3B68892" captionStart="Figure 75" captionStartId="F75" captionText="Figure 75. Female morphology and larval morphology / ecology of Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-C female postabdomen A spermatheca B oviscape and spermatheca C tergite 10 D-G, larval morphology D posterior spiracle E anterior body F, G pharyngeal skeleton in lateral and ventral-lateral view H, I habitat at type locality H harvested rice field I Notothylas temperata thalli growing on soil after harvest of rice J-L mined thalli of Phaeoceros carolinianus at type locality M-Q habitat (M) thalli bearing sporophytes (N) and mined thallus (O) of P. carolinianus at Yonaguni Is., Black and white arrows i indicate larvae and puparia, respectively. Scale: 100 µm (A-C, E-G); 10 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure75" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">75B</figureCitation>
). Tergite 10 cruciform, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig.
<figureCitation id="5345DD299D5D2B3BEE9FEAAE08B4029B" captionStart="Figure 75" captionStartId="F75" captionText="Figure 75. Female morphology and larval morphology / ecology of Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-C female postabdomen A spermatheca B oviscape and spermatheca C tergite 10 D-G, larval morphology D posterior spiracle E anterior body F, G pharyngeal skeleton in lateral and ventral-lateral view H, I habitat at type locality H harvested rice field I Notothylas temperata thalli growing on soil after harvest of rice J-L mined thalli of Phaeoceros carolinianus at type locality M-Q habitat (M) thalli bearing sporophytes (N) and mined thallus (O) of P. carolinianus at Yonaguni Is., Black and white arrows i indicate larvae and puparia, respectively. Scale: 100 µm (A-C, E-G); 10 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure75" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">75C</figureCitation>
). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, ca. same length as cercus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="4F7FE3E7A377A897BFB64FA303FC23FE" captionStart="Figure 75" captionStartId="F75" captionText="Figure 75. Female morphology and larval morphology / ecology of Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-C female postabdomen A spermatheca B oviscape and spermatheca C tergite 10 D-G, larval morphology D posterior spiracle E anterior body F, G pharyngeal skeleton in lateral and ventral-lateral view H, I habitat at type locality H harvested rice field I Notothylas temperata thalli growing on soil after harvest of rice J-L mined thalli of Phaeoceros carolinianus at type locality M-Q habitat (M) thalli bearing sporophytes (N) and mined thallus (O) of P. carolinianus at Yonaguni Is., Black and white arrows i indicate larvae and puparia, respectively. Scale: 100 µm (A-C, E-G); 10 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure75" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">75C</figureCitation>
). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig.
<figureCitation id="327816B0519D538C18A0BC3E178D20DC" captionStart="Figure 75" captionStartId="F75" captionText="Figure 75. Female morphology and larval morphology / ecology of Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-C female postabdomen A spermatheca B oviscape and spermatheca C tergite 10 D-G, larval morphology D posterior spiracle E anterior body F, G pharyngeal skeleton in lateral and ventral-lateral view H, I habitat at type locality H harvested rice field I Notothylas temperata thalli growing on soil after harvest of rice J-L mined thalli of Phaeoceros carolinianus at type locality M-Q habitat (M) thalli bearing sporophytes (N) and mined thallus (O) of P. carolinianus at Yonaguni Is., Black and white arrows i indicate larvae and puparia, respectively. Scale: 100 µm (A-C, E-G); 10 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure75" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">75A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="B2327CBAA97AD17EA2DF3711A6CA9F17" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure75" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 75" startId="F75">
<paragraph id="54A4AC01F34B4864A7C1829956B059CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="48F5B4AFB30B871288DE9784DDDDE629" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 75.</emphasis>
Female morphology and larval morphology/ecology of
<taxonomicName id="442B131CCA194A6EB6AC0E47B23B3ABA" authorityName="Kato" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Dendrocerotaceae" genus="Phytoliriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phaeocerotis">
<emphasis id="772B77214CFDEDA31C2DF0E257B956B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis id="D9EB6E9A9703236C0C37CDA7FC8E1C6E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
female postabdomen
<emphasis id="57BA92F5A02A5CB0DF28602F77E04003" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
spermatheca
<emphasis id="F993554667E7EEEF21AEFF9D155B935B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
oviscape and spermatheca
<emphasis id="057032484F2CCCD7638321E2CFE34EB2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
tergite 10
<emphasis id="F02FA92B819056BBFB173928E90ECAD0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-G</emphasis>
, larval morphology
<emphasis id="634B8FD6528A0727C529105E1DE465FF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
posterior spiracle
<emphasis id="FEBD2EEEA964151FC8A24548D36E14F9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
anterior body
<emphasis id="647ECC48940A12044BE81DD46BF3E1AD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F, G</emphasis>
pharyngeal skeleton in lateral and ventral-lateral view
<emphasis id="74A4CA7C3413A33B961E3AA684E81835" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H, I</emphasis>
habitat at type locality
<emphasis id="E21ACCCA7CC199EAAC0C34FC14D2E871" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
harvested rice field
<emphasis id="71585E89A3D7D589D5B60A723FB8D119" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8B46C8D49E31ECCE5144B438EFC26B25" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Notothyladaceae" genus="Notothylas" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Notothylas temperata" order="Notothyladales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="temperata">
<emphasis id="43BA75C6BA6C900A9EC2554C3FD83F2D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notothylas temperata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
thalli growing on soil after harvest of rice
<emphasis id="CDE0A17485C466203BF073FF4159BD55" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J-L</emphasis>
mined thalli of
<taxonomicName id="AFCD81B6CFDDEDECA1D92250173BFC7A" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Dendrocerotaceae" genus="Phaeoceros" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phaeoceros carolinianus" order="Dendrocerotales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="carolinianus">
<emphasis id="1A7A39300772C6F5F7EA1E00A18095D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phaeoceros carolinianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at type locality
<emphasis id="B9280C58BBE8B52B2292C25CF7957A99" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M-Q</emphasis>
habitat (
<emphasis id="9AA6745B668F127F5E5434DBCF09D690" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M</emphasis>
) thalli bearing sporophytes (
<emphasis id="89FEDAE3C5335A7E3CD7E635DB42070A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
) and mined thallus (
<emphasis id="B3C00E8F91CCC145EE638F4CB45EBE71" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O</emphasis>
) of
<taxonomicName id="9459C8103D893449E1C81161967D0C9E" class="Marchantiopsida" family="Aytoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. carolinianus" order="Marchantiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="carolinianus">
<emphasis id="B1D43CEA55DA444C1197FB172F431982" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. carolinianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at Yonaguni Is., Black and white arrows i indicate larvae and puparia, respectively. Scale: 100
<normalizedToken id="F6DC34816A7AB39B43C240E4157E4C01" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="9ABCEE70246E7CF36CE8EF9C4CEF86C6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C, E-G)</emphasis>
; 10
<normalizedToken id="63E6F0E1F75DA155594C9AA88EC09821" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="E8B9B764ED885154D745313ADB9DF6ED" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="65C82D4D7D06056B0BA2A18D66C802AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="90A0C33EBB4A179DB8574735B8FCE3C4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Immatures.</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="02EC7D722F562EE268C3542770654A52" captionStart="Figure 75" captionStartId="F75" captionText="Figure 75. Female morphology and larval morphology / ecology of Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-C female postabdomen A spermatheca B oviscape and spermatheca C tergite 10 D-G, larval morphology D posterior spiracle E anterior body F, G pharyngeal skeleton in lateral and ventral-lateral view H, I habitat at type locality H harvested rice field I Notothylas temperata thalli growing on soil after harvest of rice J-L mined thalli of Phaeoceros carolinianus at type locality M-Q habitat (M) thalli bearing sporophytes (N) and mined thallus (O) of P. carolinianus at Yonaguni Is., Black and white arrows i indicate larvae and puparia, respectively. Scale: 100 µm (A-C, E-G); 10 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure75" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">75D-G, L-Q</figureCitation>
) At 3rd instar, larval body yellow and cylindrical. Mandibles paired, fused and strongly sclerotized, each with two teeth; left teeth larger than right teeth (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B5FB5E8E94481A8ECA20D18738EE78BE" captionStart="Figure 75" captionStartId="F75" captionText="Figure 75. Female morphology and larval morphology / ecology of Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-C female postabdomen A spermatheca B oviscape and spermatheca C tergite 10 D-G, larval morphology D posterior spiracle E anterior body F, G pharyngeal skeleton in lateral and ventral-lateral view H, I habitat at type locality H harvested rice field I Notothylas temperata thalli growing on soil after harvest of rice J-L mined thalli of Phaeoceros carolinianus at type locality M-Q habitat (M) thalli bearing sporophytes (N) and mined thallus (O) of P. carolinianus at Yonaguni Is., Black and white arrows i indicate larvae and puparia, respectively. Scale: 100 µm (A-C, E-G); 10 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure75" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">75D-G</figureCitation>
). Mandibles confluent with short sclerotized hypopharyngeal sclerite, connecting to a pair of tentoropharyngeal sclerites; dorsal cornu broad and long, ventral cornu shorter. Puparium internal, slender, pale brown, with anterior spiracles elongated and protruded from epidermis of mined thallus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="28E393243EA78F04F7774F1AB8DE0E4F" captionStart="Figure 75" captionStartId="F75" captionText="Figure 75. Female morphology and larval morphology / ecology of Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-C female postabdomen A spermatheca B oviscape and spermatheca C tergite 10 D-G, larval morphology D posterior spiracle E anterior body F, G pharyngeal skeleton in lateral and ventral-lateral view H, I habitat at type locality H harvested rice field I Notothylas temperata thalli growing on soil after harvest of rice J-L mined thalli of Phaeoceros carolinianus at type locality M-Q habitat (M) thalli bearing sporophytes (N) and mined thallus (O) of P. carolinianus at Yonaguni Is., Black and white arrows i indicate larvae and puparia, respectively. Scale: 100 µm (A-C, E-G); 10 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure75" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">75P-S</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48AB591374965440DCDB9AE51BAD6156" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B45D00895773955CCF6EA9F91622A842" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980B8CC2A06A026AECEC479ED605170D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The specific name refers to its host plant genus
<taxonomicName id="102B6D3BCBD1347A815E5A0A3D0C239E" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Dendrocerotaceae" genus="Phaeoceros" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phaeoceros" order="Dendrocerotales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3386ADC3D058051B2ACD4478EF384D7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phaeoceros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08E9A685DA5D4484E5757681D50E9856" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="japanese name">
<paragraph id="48027E56D280B7C6EEBFBB65B86B6553" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Japanese name.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C3DB240F1BBBBC252A55CFD4F8B44B90" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Niwatsunogoke-hamoguribae.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E114FD0A4FD6CFEA71D637B5ACA202D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="host plants">
<paragraph id="F60618F62A4B663F1DBBE54D4D55AD54" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Host plants.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5E87AA90CB3187B1DD6918AB597583AB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Four hornwort species belonging to 3 families were recorded to be host plants:
<taxonomicName id="8FCDFD94DBDDD9930DD2C2F5A7787F46" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Dendrocerotaceae" genus="Phaeoceros" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phaeoceros carolinianus" order="Dendrocerotales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="carolinianus">
<emphasis id="7A73E28ED0A18E99A2C8FB2C3985441E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phaeoceros carolinianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="85DE199308EDBAB62B92ED8B364F85BF" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Notothyladaceae" genus="Notothylas" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Notothylas temperata" order="Notothyladales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="temperata">
<emphasis id="197E8B37F9CB14C8C4C5869EF7B0E880" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notothylas temperata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="5F368BD1D7E35C6406E2A15203C0F370" authorityName="Sullivant ex A.Gray" authorityYear="1846" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Notothyladaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Notothyladales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="family">Notothyladaceae</taxonomicName>
), and
<taxonomicName id="78849340A814739E4C4A983E7D66B8B9" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Anthocerotaceae" genus="Anthoceros" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anthoceros punctatus" order="Anthocerotales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="BCE79ADA73AC5B4318680959CCD7D77F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anthoceros punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="E924DC180EA9035AF1BCDAC152807A21" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Anthocerotaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Anthocerotales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="family">Anthocerotaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="811B0E6BEDEBE82C883714C8DEB1200E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="mine">
<paragraph id="42BC1D4F3768AC8DD87C7309016AAF6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mine.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1818347E15025000BF044E7F1B06662" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Larvae construct linear-blotch mines in the thallus, and pupate in the mines (Fig.
<figureCitation id="ECADCF26A4AB01D8E417939E6DE68C04" captionStart="Figure 75" captionStartId="F75" captionText="Figure 75. Female morphology and larval morphology / ecology of Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-C female postabdomen A spermatheca B oviscape and spermatheca C tergite 10 D-G, larval morphology D posterior spiracle E anterior body F, G pharyngeal skeleton in lateral and ventral-lateral view H, I habitat at type locality H harvested rice field I Notothylas temperata thalli growing on soil after harvest of rice J-L mined thalli of Phaeoceros carolinianus at type locality M-Q habitat (M) thalli bearing sporophytes (N) and mined thallus (O) of P. carolinianus at Yonaguni Is., Black and white arrows i indicate larvae and puparia, respectively. Scale: 100 µm (A-C, E-G); 10 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure75" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">75J-M, P-S</figureCitation>
). The larvae occasionally also mine into sporophytes (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D3CE0EE075D875A682745159E1C4FC1D" captionStart="Figure 75" captionStartId="F75" captionText="Figure 75. Female morphology and larval morphology / ecology of Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-C female postabdomen A spermatheca B oviscape and spermatheca C tergite 10 D-G, larval morphology D posterior spiracle E anterior body F, G pharyngeal skeleton in lateral and ventral-lateral view H, I habitat at type locality H harvested rice field I Notothylas temperata thalli growing on soil after harvest of rice J-L mined thalli of Phaeoceros carolinianus at type locality M-Q habitat (M) thalli bearing sporophytes (N) and mined thallus (O) of P. carolinianus at Yonaguni Is., Black and white arrows i indicate larvae and puparia, respectively. Scale: 100 µm (A-C, E-G); 10 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure75" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">75P</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70D29ED28C43B1C85D3972621028FC65" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biological notes">
<paragraph id="205D5F04265A059E26B6B6EBE5CB9A67" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biological notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D4B94CB7FEAF23ED3F8D76EA8E406DCB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The main habitats of this species are the paddy fields that have not experienced land improvement projects or spraying with herbicides, as mentioned for
<taxonomicName id="92F7C412B4E1F18A5897472A24AD20A2" class="Marchantiopsida" family="Aytoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ricciae" order="Marchantiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="ricciae">
<emphasis id="00F036D65A7C246C90CEBDADCC309102" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ricciae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="94E90EE4C2A597E87192991994D676EE" captionStart="Figure 75" captionStartId="F75" captionText="Figure 75. Female morphology and larval morphology / ecology of Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-C female postabdomen A spermatheca B oviscape and spermatheca C tergite 10 D-G, larval morphology D posterior spiracle E anterior body F, G pharyngeal skeleton in lateral and ventral-lateral view H, I habitat at type locality H harvested rice field I Notothylas temperata thalli growing on soil after harvest of rice J-L mined thalli of Phaeoceros carolinianus at type locality M-Q habitat (M) thalli bearing sporophytes (N) and mined thallus (O) of P. carolinianus at Yonaguni Is., Black and white arrows i indicate larvae and puparia, respectively. Scale: 100 µm (A-C, E-G); 10 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure75" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">75H, I</figureCitation>
). These paddy fields harbor various
<taxonomicName id="40EA2541A9F1951A78E8DFA9435E54D7" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Riccia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Riccia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7FE93F207EAC2759D4269B878D560A31" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Riccia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species and hornwort species such as
<taxonomicName id="8A6E29E1718C7C77E47DEAC5DD5F92EB" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Dendrocerotaceae" genus="Phaeoceros" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phaeoceros carolinianus" order="Dendrocerotales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="carolinianus">
<emphasis id="C8EE22DC1DFF800DF96D32359E30BE23" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phaeoceros carolinianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="BFD6C69A9E80877A03E5E6D21C555D39" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="BF70D3244C9858416EF1CD904A30B4F1" authorityName="Sullivant ex A.Gray" authorityYear="1846" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Notothyladaceae" genus="Notothylas" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Notothylas" order="Notothyladales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="genus">Notothylas</taxonomicName>
temperate
</emphasis>
, and
<taxonomicName id="37F7ABD6AECDFA9E28D504E84807E858" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Anthocerotaceae" genus="Anthoceros" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anthoceros punctatus" order="Anthocerotales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="9DC378D36604E65DDC1754F008A8E2FC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anthoceros punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
after harvesting of rice. Another habitat of this species was lawny ground in horse pasturelands in Yonaguni Island, where
<taxonomicName id="3202C8FBE5ACA7D9B6E50C8CDEBC1182" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Dendrocerotaceae" genus="Phaeoceros" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phaeoceros carolinianus" order="Dendrocerotales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="carolinianus">
<emphasis id="A3EE51456574A1F918BDB99BBA8A66F1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phaeoceros carolinianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grows among turf grasses (Fig.
<figureCitation id="EABFA99BA96C4487D195B37AE874255E" captionStart="Figure 75" captionStartId="F75" captionText="Figure 75. Female morphology and larval morphology / ecology of Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-C female postabdomen A spermatheca B oviscape and spermatheca C tergite 10 D-G, larval morphology D posterior spiracle E anterior body F, G pharyngeal skeleton in lateral and ventral-lateral view H, I habitat at type locality H harvested rice field I Notothylas temperata thalli growing on soil after harvest of rice J-L mined thalli of Phaeoceros carolinianus at type locality M-Q habitat (M) thalli bearing sporophytes (N) and mined thallus (O) of P. carolinianus at Yonaguni Is., Black and white arrows i indicate larvae and puparia, respectively. Scale: 100 µm (A-C, E-G); 10 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure75" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">75N, O</figureCitation>
). Thus, this species is the only species among the Japanese bryophyte-associated
<taxonomicName id="2AABA20C6714951C5FE1F65166EF2742" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Dendrocerotaceae" genus="Phytoliriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phytoliriomyza" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0CD810EFF667789B7306D2E16FA871D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phytoliriomyza</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species that utilizes multiple genera of bryophytes. Our rearing records suggest that it is multivoltine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="09D54B2C418307BE44DEE371A2B905DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="96667BF11E3A438C9CE90608F5C61BBD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B063CEC0C4464F7379C0BEEA15C1F81" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Japan: Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, the Ryukyu Archipelago (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2AE5026056D70C69577726D48747C426" captionStart="Figure 71" captionStartId="F71" captionText="Figure 71. Locality records of three Phytoliriomyza species associated with hornworts: P. foliocerotis, P. megacerotis and P. phaeocerotis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775445" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">71</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="664CCD67B45A228E553D6302DC840801" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="9183E1618EBB57A9B87D92123EE57656" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA07295989D13771E5D7199D13315BEB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This species resembles
<taxonomicName id="D44CC0644BC1F2FB6AF7C5FD10A0E949" class="Marchantiopsida" family="Aytoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. iriomotensis" order="Marchantiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="iriomotensis">
<emphasis id="DA255466765F6BC82AA1CC0B5AF58CF8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. iriomotensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0DAD8878BDE7C1087A2ADD331345F436" class="Marchantiopsida" family="Aytoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ugetsu" order="Marchantiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="ugetsu">
<emphasis id="B19E5FA277073C91E959816FC205957E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ugetsu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="7D8C6AC8B3809A8FAE08BA2890DF783E" class="Marchantiopsida" family="Aytoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. caerulescens" order="Marchantiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="caerulescens">
<emphasis id="A8CE68DB8A274C5F5768071D0C6E89A4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. caerulescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in that having wholly dark scutum and yellow maxillary palpus; it is distinguished from them by the absence of tubercle-like setae on the surstylus of the male epandrium. This species resembles
<taxonomicName id="E0E64AD8AAF0C82E391073C4B9DB6AD7" class="Marchantiopsida" family="Aytoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. foliocerotis" order="Marchantiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="foliocerotis">
<emphasis id="11F7B4372A4590FA855EE0594BFBE039" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. foliocerotis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in that the distiphallus is extremely elongated, but it is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="3C33991FB8775B1DCA462C079B6EB172" class="Marchantiopsida" family="Aytoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. foliocerotis" order="Marchantiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="foliocerotis">
<emphasis id="1E74BB96E800A3F9008C5CF3C5D82EB2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. foliocerotis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its pruinose gray scutum and scutellum (shiny black in
<taxonomicName id="A5FEF298A357541B2774D6B8A5619484" class="Marchantiopsida" family="Aytoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. foliocerotis" order="Marchantiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="foliocerotis">
<emphasis id="9818F5DFF3F8B76687FE43C4F11685EA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. foliocerotis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). This species also resembles
<taxonomicName id="6680F156E000E3496C5C411BDCDBDB81" class="Marchantiopsida" family="Aytoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. scotica" order="Marchantiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="scotica">
<emphasis id="4F85AF52E5B7835EC6749E18823C57EA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. scotica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in morphology of epandrium and in having an extremely elongated distiphallus (
<bibRefCitation id="BF8472DC3FA0ACB4915D242703CE66A4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.18655/Agromyzidae.Vol.3" author="Papp, L" journalOrPublisher="Pars Ltd., Hungary. Nagykovacsi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B28" refString="Papp, L, Cerny, M, 2017. Agromyzidae (Diptera) of Hungary (Vol. 3). Phytomyzinae II. Pars Ltd., Hungary. Nagykovacsi, DOI: https://doi.org/10.18655/Agromyzidae.Vol.3" title="Agromyzidae (Diptera) of Hungary (Vol. 3). Phytomyzinae II." url="https://doi.org/10.18655/Agromyzidae.Vol.3" year="2017">
Papp and
<normalizedToken id="DDFF037EDBE639A377A92CA57D2D445F" originalValue="Černý">Cerny</normalizedToken>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
); it is distinguished from the latter by the bare surstylus (distally setose in
<taxonomicName id="C5D9B567A282EE3C33EC74C919F42E56" class="Marchantiopsida" family="Aytoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. scotica" order="Marchantiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="scotica">
<emphasis id="EC3BAE12E73D410D6EF5DA9F3C2A11E3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. scotica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Spencer) and the broad shoehorn-shaped sclerites on the basal distiphallus (sclerites narrow
<emphasis id="159272C26A599FF9C8A7BE92BF8D752A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
in
<taxonomicName id="5A85FBBC04F59CF66FF56384A3EBD9EE" class="Marchantiopsida" family="Aytoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. scotica" order="Marchantiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="scotica">P. scotica</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F651E28E44BB7A504837ED49EFF0BDF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Immature stages, but not adults, were reported from a hornwort,
<taxonomicName id="489D526A39EBAC8555D307CF0C00A97F" class="Anthocerotopsida" family="Dendrocerotaceae" genus="Megaceros" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Megaceros vincentianus" order="Dendrocerotales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Anthocerotophyta" rank="species" species="vincentianus">
<emphasis id="68F282B83189C995C9AC5DA9619FBA56" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Megaceros vincentianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Mexico by
<bibRefCitation id="F211DE776F0EFB923B04DD0D46786E61" author="Hering, EM" journalOrPublisher="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="231 - 236" refId="B14" refString="Hering, EM, 1966. Minierfliegen in Lebermoosen II* (Dipt. Agromyzidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 13: 231 - 236" title="Minierfliegen in Lebermoosen II * (Dipt. Agromyzidae)." volume="13" year="1966">Hering (1966)</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="B07AEFD9E2E05C7026CCCC82244B436B" authorityName="Kato" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Dendrocerotaceae" genus="Phytoliriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phaeocerotis">
<emphasis id="62C4D798C2B6F5ED411B070C50114358" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (Fig.
<figureCitation id="43464B7315656AA292369F352E4454EB" captionStart="Figure 75" captionStartId="F75" captionText="Figure 75. Female morphology and larval morphology / ecology of Phytoliriomyza phaeocerotis sp. nov. A-C female postabdomen A spermatheca B oviscape and spermatheca C tergite 10 D-G, larval morphology D posterior spiracle E anterior body F, G pharyngeal skeleton in lateral and ventral-lateral view H, I habitat at type locality H harvested rice field I Notothylas temperata thalli growing on soil after harvest of rice J-L mined thalli of Phaeoceros carolinianus at type locality M-Q habitat (M) thalli bearing sporophytes (N) and mined thallus (O) of P. carolinianus at Yonaguni Is., Black and white arrows i indicate larvae and puparia, respectively. Scale: 100 µm (A-C, E-G); 10 µm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530.figure75" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/775449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">75R</figureCitation>
) and the Mexican species share the elongated anterior spiracles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>
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