211 lines
20 KiB
XML
211 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.639.10893" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9884f9b2-091d-4f9a-9284-b2e78a5e6c30" ID-PMC="PMC5240373" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-639-1" ID-PubMed="28138281" ID-ZBK="BB23AA3FDD9E42CE92F737E047AE80C7" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-639-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 639" ModsDocTitle="Revision of the western Palaearctic species of Aleiodes Wesmael (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rogadinae). Part 1: Introduction, key to species groups, outlying distinctive species, and revisionary notes on some further species" checkinTime="1481618735599" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="van Achterberg, Cornelis & Shaw, Mark R." docDate="2016" docId="CBB6692A65278EF75A50DC856BAE1B1B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 639: 1-164" docOrigin="ZooKeys 639" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.639.10893" docTitle="Aleiodes angustipterus Achterberg & Shaw, 2016, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="7186C4F3-1A0F-4128-870D-25B7E20DE304" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="40" masterDocId="1A60FFDC4008240EFF9E5829510DDB79" masterDocTitle="Revision of the western Palaearctic species of Aleiodes Wesmael (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rogadinae). Part 1: Introduction, key to species groups, outlying distinctive species, and revisionary notes on some further species" masterLastPageNumber="164" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="36" updateTime="1668163794084" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of the western Palaearctic species of Aleiodes Wesmael (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rogadinae). Part 1: Introduction, key to species groups, outlying distinctive species, and revisionary notes on some further species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>van Achterberg, Cornelis</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Shaw, Mark R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>639</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>164</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.639.10893</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.639.10893</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-639-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">BB23AA3FDD9E42CE92F737E047AE80C7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">BB23AA3FDD9E42CE92F737E047AE80C7</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127902466" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7186C4F3-1A0F-4128-870D-25B7E20DE304" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CBB6692A65278EF75A50DC856BAE1B1B" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/7186C4F3-1A0F-4128-870D-25B7E20DE304" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes angustipterus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustipterus">Aleiodes angustipterus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="35" pageNumber="36">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 35, 36-47
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="36" pageNumber="37" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
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material.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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Holotype, ♀ (RMNH, Leiden), "Nederland (Dr.), Wijster, opposite Biol. Station, 12-19.viii.1977, C. v. Achterberg". Paratypes (15 ♀): 1 ♀ (NMS), England, Cumbria, Whitbarrow, Howe, MV light, 24.viii.1995, M.R. Shaw; 1 ♀ (NMS), England, Norfolk, Scarning, TF981120, 6.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="vii–">vii-</normalizedToken>
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1.ix.1988, A.P. Foster/NCC; 1 ♀ (NMS), England, Norfolk, Sutton, TQ373235, water trap, 21.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="viii–">viii-</normalizedToken>
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4.ix.1986, A.P. Foster/NCC; 2 ♀ (NMS), Wales, Anglesey, Fedw Fawr, SH6081, MV light, 11.viii.2003, M.R. Shaw; 1 ♀ (NMS), Wales, Gwent, Magor Marsh, ST425865, water trap 8-21.vii.1988, P. Holmes/NCC; 1 ♀ (Tullie House Museum, Carlisle), Scotland, Dumfriesshire, Gretna, Springfield, 17.viii.1939, J. Murray; 1 ♀ (BMNH), Jersey, Trinity, Howard Davis Farm, Rothamsted trap 18.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="iv–">iv-</normalizedToken>
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3.xii.2004, A. Vautier/P. Gould; 1 ♀ (FMNH), Finland, U. Vantaa. 6690:384. ex larva
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hypenodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hypenodes humidalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humidalis">Hypenodes humidalis</taxonomicName>
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27.v.1974, cocoon [in which the mummy formed?] 19.vi.1974, em. 3.vii.1974, E.O. Peltonen; 1 ♀ (BZL), Greece,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Thráki">Thraki</normalizedToken>
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NW, Mt. Menikio, 12.viii.2010, J. Halada; 1 ♀ (NMS), Lithuania, Cerkelia peat bog, 3.ix.2006, A. Lozan; 1 ♀ (M. Riedel Collection), Russia, E. Siberia, 10 km E Irkutsk, 8.viii.2005, Berlov; 1 ♀ (NMS), Portugal, Azores, ca 2008 [per D.L.J. Quicke, no further data]; 1 ♀ (MRS), China, Yangtze River near Fengdu, 15.vii.2002, M.R. Shaw; 1 ♀ (RMNH), Japan, Kusakai, Kawai V., Iwate, 3-4.viii.1981, A. Takasu.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="molecular data">
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Molecular data.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">MRS172 (China KU682231, CO1), MRS279 (Wales KU682232, CO1), MRS280 (Wales KU682233, CO1), MRS822 (Azores KU682246, CO1).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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No males have been seen, suggesting that this species might be thelytokous. Only a single reared specimen examined, from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hypenodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hypenodes humidalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humidalis">Hypenodes humidalis</taxonomicName>
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Doubleday (
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<taxonomicName family="Erebidae" lsidName="" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="family">Erebidae</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hypenodinae">Hypenodinae</taxonomicName>
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). From the specimen labelling, the mummy appears to be formed in the host cocoon (but this has not been examined) and the adult emerged the same year. From this, and the flight data (vii-viii), it is surmised that it is a univoltine
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<pageBreakToken pageId="37" pageNumber="38" start="start">species</pageBreakToken>
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, overwintering in the partly fed host larva.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hypenodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hypenodes humidalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humidalis">Hypenodes humidalis</taxonomicName>
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occurs in both acidic and alkali marshy areas, and the larva feeds on plant debris certainly including dead or dying
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Molinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Molinia caerulea" order="Poales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caerulea">Molinia caerulea</taxonomicName>
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(G.M. Haggett, personal communication). Indeed, when known the collecting sites of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes angustipterus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustipterus">Aleiodes angustipterus</taxonomicName>
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have mostly been wet grasslands, including fens and bogs, but at least one specimen was collected in woodland on a limestone hill (Whitbarrow) which may suggest a wider host range.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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Head subglobular (Fig. 46) and body slender; antenna of ♀ without a pale submedial band; antennal segments of ♀ 36-40; eye rather small (Fig. 45); OOL 1.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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posteior ocellus; speculum of mesopleuron rugose or reticulate and dull as is remainder of mesopleuron (Fig. 38); propodeum slightly elongate (Fig. 38); fore wing narrow (Fig. 36); pterostigma brown; hind coxa distinctly shorter than first tergite; hind femur 6-7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as its maximum width; hind trochantellus slender (Fig. 40); dorsal carinae of first metasomal tergite lamelliform protruding basally; second tergite with small smooth triangular area medio-basally and tergite rather short (Fig. 39); third tergite weakly sculptured; fourth tergite partly or entirely without sharp lateral crease, fourth and following tergites partly retracted and largely smooth. Morphologically similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes jakowlewi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jakowlewi">Aleiodes jakowlewi</taxonomicName>
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from Finland, Sweden and N. Russia, but
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes jakowlewi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jakowlewi">Aleiodes jakowlewi</taxonomicName>
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has the hind coxa about as long as first tergite and second tergite comparatively long (hind coxa distinctly shorter than first tergite in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes angustipterus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustipterus">Aleiodes angustipterus</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 35) and second tergite comparatively short (Figs 35, 39)); fourth tergite with distinct sharp lateral crease and basally rugulose (fourth tergite partly without distinct sharp lateral crease,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="38" pageNumber="39" start="start">partly</pageBreakToken>
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retracted and largely smooth); third tergite strongly sculptured (third tergite weakly sculptured); pterostigma dark brown with basal third pale (pterostigma dark brown); eye comparatively large (eye comparatively small); antenna of ♀ sometimes with a narrow white or pale yellowish submedial band (antenna of ♀ without a pale submedial band); antennal segments of female 49-52 (36-40).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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Figure 35.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes angustipterus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustipterus">Aleiodes angustipterus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., ♀, holotype, habitus lateral.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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Figures 36-47.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes angustipterus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustipterus">Aleiodes angustipterus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., ♀, holotype. 36 fore wing 37 hind wing 38 mesosoma lateral 39 propodeum and anterior half of metasoma dorsal 40 hind leg lateral 41 fore femur lateral 42 antenna 43 basal segments of antenna 44 head anterior 45 head lateral 46 head dorsal 47 apical segments of antenna.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Holotype, ♀, length of fore wing 3.2 mm, of body 4.1 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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Head. Antennal segments of ♀ 36, length of antenna 1.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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fore wing, its subapical segments about 1.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide; frons granulate, rather shiny; OOL and POL 1.2 and 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width of posterior ocellus, respectively; vertex superficially granulate-coriaceous, rather shiny; clypeus convex and coriaceous; ventral margin of clypeus thick and depressed (Fig. 44); width of hypoclypeal depression 0.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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minimum width of face (Fig. 44) and face coriaceous with some rugulae; length of eye 2.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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temple in dorsal view and temple directly narrowed behind eye; head subglobular (Fig. 46); occiput behind stemmaticum coriaceous with satin sheen; occipital carina complete and dorsally arched (Fig. 46); clypeus partly above lower level of eyes (Fig. 44); length of malar space 0.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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height of eye in lateral view; eyes somewhat protruding (Figs 44, 46).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Mesosoma. Mesoscutal lobes coriaceous-rugulose, matt, but medio-posteriorly longitudinally rugose and anteriorly low; notauli narrow and crenulate, but sculpture largely lost; prepectal carina medium-sized, reaching anterior border; precoxal area of mesopleuron, area below it and mesosternum largely reticulate-rugose; remainder of mesopleuron (including speculum) rugose or rugulose and matt (Fig. 38); metapleuron rugose, matt; mesosternal sulcus deep and sparsely crenulate; mesosternum rounded posteriorly; scutellum slightly convex, rugulose, and laterally with irregular carina; propodeum flattened, without tubercles and coarsely rugose, median carina incomplete, posterior 0.3 absent.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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Wings. Fore wing: r 0.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3-SR (Fig. 36); 1-CU1 horizontal, 0.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as 2-CU1; r-m 0.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2-SR, and 0.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3-SR; second submarginal cell medium-sized (Fig. 36); cu-a vertical, not parallel with CU1b, straight; 1-M straight and 1-SR angled with 1-M. Hind wing: apical half of marginal cell slightly widened; 2-SC+R short; m-cu obsolescent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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Legs. Tarsal claws with yellow bristles; hind coxa rugulose and with spaced oblique rugae, with satin sheen and 0.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as first tergite; hind trochantellus 2.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer ventrally than wide; length of fore and hind femora 5.8 and 6.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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their width, respectively (Figs 40-41); inner apex of hind tibia without distinct comb; length of inner hind spur 0.25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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hind basitarsus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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Metasoma. First tergite 1.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide posteriorly, convex anteriorly and dorsal carinae lamelliform protruding basally; first and second tergites longitudinally rugose, robust (Fig. 39), with distinct median carina; medio-basal area of second tergite minute; second suture narrow and crenulate; basal half of third tergite largely superficially coriaceous, with some fine longitudinal elements; third tergite with complete sharp lateral crease, absent on following tergites; ovipositor sheath densely setose and apically acute.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="39" pageNumber="40" start="start">Colour</pageBreakToken>
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. Dark brown; head (except stemmaticum), mesoscutum and scutellum medially, tegulum, legs (but femora largely infuscate), patch on posterior third of first tergite, large triangular patch on second tergite (Fig. 39) and anterior patch of third tergite brownish yellow;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="fourth–seventh">fourth-seventh</normalizedToken>
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tergites yellow; mouthparts, humeral plate and metasoma ventrally pale yellow; ovipositor sheath black; veins and pterostigma dark brown; wing membrane infuscate.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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Variation. Antennal segments of ♀: 36(2), 37(4), 38(2), 39(3), 40(2). The male is unknown. Pale patches of first and third tergites sometimes absent; hind femur 6.1-7.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide and hind trochantellus 2.4-3.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer ventrally than wide. Central antennal segments vary from 1.2-1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide, but in one specimen about 2.2 times - although its metasoma (at least posteriorly) is female, it seems possible that this individual is an intersex.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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From
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“angustus”">"angustus"</normalizedToken>
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(Latin for
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“narrow”">"narrow"</normalizedToken>
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) and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“pteron”">"pteron"</normalizedToken>
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(Greek for
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“wing”">"wing"</normalizedToken>
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), because of the narrow wings.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">*British Isles (England, Scotland, Wales, Jersey), *Finland, *Greece, *Lithuania, *Netherlands, *Portugal (Azores), *Russia (Siberia), *China (Chongqing), *Japan (Honshu).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Note.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">CO1 sequences obtained from the paratypes from Azores and China group closely with those from Britain, and this seldom-collected species appears to have a very wide distribution.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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||
</document> |