147 lines
21 KiB
XML
147 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="5C5D909C4D683E9EA4F4005BB419C5F5" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.201828" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f2668c4c-0ffc-4736-bbc0-c627820abd4e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="201828" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460289904465" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Monniot, Françoise" docDate="2011" docId="AE257844FFDBFFBFFF01FC11C5DF205C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02833p048.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2833" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Pelonaia corrugata Goodsir & Forbes 1841" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="48" masterDocId="521C003CFFDEFFB8FF96FFD9C7072437" masterDocTitle="Pelonaia quadrivena n. sp. a case of bipolarity in Ascidiacea" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="41" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1698251031418" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="D2F3E6F37FC84BF03BAC5C6C55619B94">Pelonaia quadrivena n. sp. a case of bipolarity in Ascidiacea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D93A92FEE3AAACA5E16910D553A0C7D8">Monniot, Françoise</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B869BF7EED9E301A7ACF844FD09E0EED">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="4772EC5E746144B9459E891E0F6E0B8D">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="91AEE1F418D04E249A4B122038ED7DD9" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.201828</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="AE257844FFDBFFBFFF01FC11C5DF205C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6187253" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119398473" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6187253" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE257844FFDBFFBFFF01FC11C5DF205C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE257844FFDBFFBFFF01FC11C5DF205C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
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<subSubSection id="6E969AD9FFDBFFBDFF01FC11C6592034" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2633C952FFDBFFBDFF01FC11C5B527D5" blockId="5.[151,690,968,1027]" box="[151,690,968,994]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
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<heading id="7D7B7E3EFFDBFFBDFF01FC11C5B527D5" bold="true" box="[151,690,968,994]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="E18CB2D1FFDBFFBDFF01FC11C5B527D5" authority="Goodsir & Forbes, 1841" authorityName="Goodsir & Forbes" authorityYear="1841" box="[151,690,968,994]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Pelonaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="corrugata">
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<emphasis id="14F81540FFDBFFBDFF01FC11C5B527D5" bold="true" box="[151,690,968,994]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="14F81540FFDBFFBDFF01FC11C68727D5" bold="true" box="[151,384,968,994]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Pelonaia corrugata</emphasis>
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Goodsir & Forbes, 1841
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2633C952FFDBFFBDFF01FC32C6592034" blockId="5.[151,690,968,1027]" box="[151,350,1003,1027]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
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(
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<figureCitation id="BEB7D5D7FFDBFFBDFF08FC32C60C2034" box="[158,267,1003,1027]" captionStart="FIGURE 4. A" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[223,1364,208,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[207,1365,193,1930]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. A: Pelonaia quadrivena n. sp. body ventrally opened. B: Pelonaia corrugata body ventrally opened. Scale bars A = 2 cm; B = 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201832/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Figures 4</figureCitation>
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B, 5, 6)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6E969AD9FFDBFFBDFF01FBEAC6E4205F" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="2633C952FFDBFFBDFF01FBEAC6E4205F" blockId="5.[151,1435,1075,1128]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName id="E18CB2D1FFDBFFBDFF01FBEAC56B207E" authority="Goodsir & Forbes, 1841" authorityName="Goodsir & Forbes" authorityYear="1841" box="[151,620,1075,1097]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Pelonaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="corrugata">
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<emphasis id="14F81540FFDBFFBDFF01FBEAC667207E" box="[151,352,1075,1097]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Pelonaia corrugata</emphasis>
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Goodsir & Forbes, 1841
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</taxonomicName>
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. Forbes & Goodsir, 1841, pl.1 figs 1–3.
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<bibRefCitation id="421DB4A3FFDBFFBDFB8FFBEDC3C0207E" author="Hartmeyer" box="[1049,1223,1076,1097]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" refString="Hartmeyer, R. (1903) Die Ascidien der Arktis in: Romer, F. & Schaudinn, F.: Fauna Arctica, Jena, vol. 3, part 2, 91 - 412." type="book chapter" year="1903">Hartmeyer, 1903</bibRefCitation>
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and synonymy.
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<bibRefCitation id="421DB4A3FFDBFFBDFAE2FBEDC644205F" author="Van" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" refString="Van Name, W. G. (1945) The north and south American ascidians. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 84, 1 - 476." type="journal article" year="1945">Van Name, 1945</bibRefCitation>
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and synonymy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6E969AD9FFDBFFBFFF01FB56C5DF205C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="2633C952FFDBFFBDFF01FB56C4F62090" blockId="5.[151,1436,1167,2037]" box="[151,1009,1167,1192]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="14F81540FFDBFFBDFF01FB56C601209F" bold="true" box="[151,262,1167,1192]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Material.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="5E9B89C2FFDBFFBDFE9BFB56C6632090" box="[269,356,1167,1191]" name="Canada" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Canada</collectingCountry>
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, Grande Riviere, collection Ledoyer, (
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<collectionCode id="409D5197FFDBFFBDFC81FB56C4692090" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[791,878,1167,1191]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">MNHN</collectionCode>
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S1
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<collectionCode id="409D5197FFDBFFBDFC0CFB49C4CB2090" box="[922,972,1168,1191]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">PEL</collectionCode>
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1).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2633C952FFDBFFBFFF51FB6AC3CC2013" blockId="5.[151,1436,1167,2037]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,1001,1131]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
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Few precise descriptions have been given of
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<taxonomicName id="E18CB2D1FFDBFFBDFD28FB6DC44D20FC" box="[702,842,1204,1227]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Pelonaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="corrugata">
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<emphasis id="14F81540FFDBFFBDFD28FB6DC44D20FC" box="[702,842,1204,1227]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">P. corrugata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in spite of numerous specimens collected around the arctic and sub-antarctic seas. Several species names were given to this very common ascidian but the differences concerning the external aspect are considered non-significant (
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<bibRefCitation id="421DB4A3FFDBFFBDFCC4FB20C3092126" author="Hartmeyer" box="[850,1038,1273,1297]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" refString="Hartmeyer, R. (1903) Die Ascidien der Arktis in: Romer, F. & Schaudinn, F.: Fauna Arctica, Jena, vol. 3, part 2, 91 - 412." type="book chapter" year="1903">Hartmeyer 1903</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="421DB4A3FFDBFFBDFB8FFB23C3D62126" author="Van" box="[1049,1233,1273,1297]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" refString="Van Name, W. G. (1945) The north and south American ascidians. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 84, 1 - 476." type="journal article" year="1945">Van Name 1945</bibRefCitation>
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), varying with the contraction state or the substrate where they live. The most complete description until now is that of
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<bibRefCitation id="421DB4A3FFDBFFBDFAB2FAC4C7E42160" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" refString="Van Name, W. G. (1945) The north and south American ascidians. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 84, 1 - 476." type="journal article">Van Name (1945)</bibRefCitation>
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, despite frequent further citations of collections made in various regions (
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<bibRefCitation id="421DB4A3FFDBFFBDFB89FAE6C3AE2160" author="Millar" box="[1055,1193,1343,1367]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" refString="Millar, R. H. (1970) British ascidians: Tunicata: Ascidiacea. Academic press, London, 1 - 92." type="book chapter" year="1970">Millar 1970</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="421DB4A3FFDBFFBDFB23FAE6C26B2160" author="Nishikawa" box="[1205,1388,1343,1367]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" refString="Nishikawa, T. (1991) The ascidians of the Japan Sea. II. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 35 (1 / 3), 25 - 170." type="journal article" year="1991">Nishikawa 1991</bibRefCitation>
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and synonymy; Sanamyan and synonymy 2010). Specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="E18CB2D1FFDBFFBDFCBAFABDC4B0214C" box="[812,951,1380,1403]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Pelonaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="corrugata">
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<emphasis id="14F81540FFDBFFBDFCBAFABDC4B0214C" box="[812,951,1380,1403]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">P. corrugata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the
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<collectionCode id="409D5197FFDBFFBDFB95FABAC35E214D" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[1027,1113,1379,1402]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">MNHN</collectionCode>
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collections have been examined. Their anatomical description is based on the largest specimen
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<quantity id="E17464B7FFDBFFBDFC07FA5FC4DE21A9" box="[913,985,1414,1438]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="37.0">37mm</quantity>
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long. The body is urn-shaped with both siphons joined at the narrow apical end (
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<figureCitation id="BEB7D5D7FFDBFFBDFDCDFA70C59A21F6" box="[603,669,1449,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[232,1363,197,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[204,1391,193,1955]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pelonaia corrugata A: two specimens; scale bar = 1 cm. B: part of the branchial sac with numerous longitudinal vessels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201833/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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A). The tunic has numerous transversal ridges impregnated with fine sediment and wears some short tunic filaments at the enlarge base (
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<figureCitation id="BEB7D5D7FFDBFFBDFC0CFA15C4D021D3" box="[922,983,1484,1508]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[232,1363,197,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[204,1391,193,1955]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pelonaia corrugata A: two specimens; scale bar = 1 cm. B: part of the branchial sac with numerous longitudinal vessels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201833/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Fig.5</figureCitation>
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A). All specimens have the same aspect and seem to have been free-living on the sediment. The body wall contains strong muscular ribbons on the halfanterior part, and thinner ones posteriorly. The oral tentacles are short and filiform. The protruding dorsal tubercle opens in a simple hole. The branchial sac is flat, very contracted and linked to the body wall by numerous bridles; it does not reach the bottom of the body cavity. The dorsal lamina is long, undulated by contraction, with a smooth rim. I have counted 28 longitudinal vessels on the right side and 36 on the left side, not grouped in folds (
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<figureCitation id="BEB7D5D7FFDBFFBDFAA0F9A5C27D22A3" box="[1334,1402,1660,1684]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[232,1363,197,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[204,1391,193,1955]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pelonaia corrugata A: two specimens; scale bar = 1 cm. B: part of the branchial sac with numerous longitudinal vessels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201833/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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B). They are more numerous than the number indicated in the literature. The round or oval stigmata are often cut by parastigmatic vessels (
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<figureCitation id="BEB7D5D7FFDBFFBDFE05F91BC6D122ED" box="[403,470,1730,1754]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[232,1363,197,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[204,1391,193,1955]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pelonaia corrugata A: two specimens; scale bar = 1 cm. B: part of the branchial sac with numerous longitudinal vessels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201833/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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B). The gut loop is long but remains in a small part of the posterior left body side (
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<figureCitation id="BEB7D5D7FFDBFFBDFAFCF91BC7A022C9" captionStart="FIGURE 4. A" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[223,1364,208,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[207,1365,193,1930]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. A: Pelonaia quadrivena n. sp. body ventrally opened. B: Pelonaia corrugata body ventrally opened. Scale bars A = 2 cm; B = 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201832/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Figs 4</figureCitation>
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B, 6AB).. The narrow and long oesophagus enters in a long plicated stomach which has a caecum at its pyloric part (
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<figureCitation id="BEB7D5D7FFDBFFBDFF42F8D0C61C2316" box="[212,283,1801,1825]" captionStart="FIGURE 4. A" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[223,1364,208,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[207,1365,193,1930]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. A: Pelonaia quadrivena n. sp. body ventrally opened. B: Pelonaia corrugata body ventrally opened. Scale bars A = 2 cm; B = 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201832/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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B). A caecum was also noted by
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<bibRefCitation id="421DB4A3FFDBFFBDFD0CF8D0C4F92316" author="Arnback-Christie-Linde" box="[666,1022,1801,1825]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" refString="Arnback-Christie-Linde, A. (1952) Tunicata. Ascidiacea. in: Zoology of the Faroes. Copenhagen, 1 - 51." type="book chapter" year="1952">Årnback-Christie-Linde (1952)</bibRefCitation>
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. The intestine is applied against the whole length of the stomach and then curves at the oesophagus level to follow the dorsal body line. The anus is lobed. The gut is only linked to the body wall by strands of tissue. The gonads (
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<figureCitation id="BEB7D5D7FFDBFFBDFBB4F896C36C2350" box="[1058,1131,1871,1895]" captionStart="FIGURE 4. A" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[223,1364,208,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[207,1365,193,1930]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. A: Pelonaia quadrivena n. sp. body ventrally opened. B: Pelonaia corrugata body ventrally opened. Scale bars A = 2 cm; B = 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201832/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Figs 4</figureCitation>
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B, 6AB), one on each side, have a peculiar shape. They occupy the most part of the body wall surface. The ovary is U-shaped, each limb bordered on both sides by finger-like lobules pressed to each other and making a flat ribbon against the body wall (
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<figureCitation id="BEB7D5D7FFDBFFBDFF09F860C7F623E6" box="[159,241,1977,2001]" captionStart="FIGURE 4. A" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[223,1364,208,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[207,1365,193,1930]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. A: Pelonaia quadrivena n. sp. body ventrally opened. B: Pelonaia corrugata body ventrally opened. Scale bars A = 2 cm; B = 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201832/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Fig.4A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="BEB7D5D7FFDBFFBDFF6AF860C60D23E6" box="[252,266,1977,2001]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,939,962]" captionTargetBox="[167,1426,179,927]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[167,1427,179,931]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Pelonaia corrugata body ventrally opened A: without stain; B: stained with hemalum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201834/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">6</figureCitation>
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AB). The left gonad lies above the gut loop. The male and female papillae are joined and apical. Small endocarps are irregularly scattered on the posterior part of the body wall, inside the gut loop and few of them are intercalated between the male lobules of the gonads (
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<figureCitation id="BEB7D5D7FFD9FFBFFD61FC30C4462036" box="[759,833,1001,1025]" captionStart="FIGURE 4. A" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1972,1995]" captionTargetBox="[223,1364,208,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[207,1365,193,1930]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. A: Pelonaia quadrivena n. sp. body ventrally opened. B: Pelonaia corrugata body ventrally opened. Scale bars A = 2 cm; B = 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201832/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">Figs 4</figureCitation>
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B, 6). A triangular line of ramified tentacles is at the base of the atrial aperture and some filiform papillae arise from the internal lining of the siphon.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="72F399DAFFD8FFBEFF01F863C7E123C7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201833/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" targetBox="[232,1363,197,1944]" targetPageId="6">
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<paragraph id="2633C952FFD8FFBEFF01F863C7E123C7" blockId="6.[151,1436,1978,2032]" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis id="14F81540FFD8FFBEFF01F863C61323E7" bold="true" box="[151,276,1978,2001]" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="E18CB2D1FFD8FFBEFE8DF862C6E423E6" box="[283,483,1979,2001]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Pelonaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="corrugata">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F81540FFD8FFBEFE8DF862C6E423E6" box="[283,483,1979,2001]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">Pelonaia corrugata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
A: two specimens; scale bar = 1cm. B: part of the branchial sac with numerous longitudinal vessels.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="72F399DAFFD9FFBFFF01FC72C38227F6" box="[151,1157,939,962]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/201834/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" targetBox="[167,1426,179,927]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="2633C952FFD9FFBFFF01FC72C38227F6" blockId="7.[151,1157,939,962]" box="[151,1157,939,962]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F81540FFD9FFBFFF01FC72C61527F6" bold="true" box="[151,274,939,962]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18CB2D1FFD9FFBFFE8FFC75C6E727F5" box="[281,480,940,962]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Pelonaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="corrugata">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F81540FFD9FFBFFE8FFC75C6E727F5" box="[281,480,940,962]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">Pelonaia corrugata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
body ventrally opened A: without stain; B: stained with hemalum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="2633C952FFD9FFBFFF51FBF6C5DF205C" blockId="7.[151,1436,1001,1131]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">
|
||
The main differences between both species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18CB2D1FFD9FFBFFD49FBF6C4382070" box="[735,831,1071,1095]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Pelonaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pelonaia</taxonomicName>
|
||
concern the tunic structure, the number of branchial longitudinal vessels, the shape of the male vesicles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |