834 lines
55 KiB
XML
834 lines
55 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-203-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077" ModsDocID="1314-2003-203-1" checkinTime="1659410005165" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Boza Espinoza, Tatiana Erika & Kessler, Michael" docDate="2022" docId="AA8DE8CEC2F2C99BE13C3CDABBE24092" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 203: 1-274" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 203" docPubDate="2022-08-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529" docTitle="Polylepis serrata Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 536. 1906." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077" masterDocTitle="A monograph of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1659410005165" updateUser="pensoft">
|
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:title>A monograph of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Boza Espinoza, Tatiana Erika</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9925-1795</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Institute for Nature, Earth and Energy (INTE), Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru (PUCP), Av. Universitaria 1801, Lima 15088, Peru</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">tatianaerika@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Kessler, Michael</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4612-9937</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2022-08-01</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>203</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
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<mods:end>274</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-203-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AA8DE8CEC2F2C99BE13C3CDABBE24092" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AA8DE8CEC2F2C99BE13C3CDABBE24092" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
5.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 536. 1906." authorityName="Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 536. 1906." class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis serrata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">Polylepis serrata Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 536. 1906.</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Polylepis serrata Pilg A inflorescence B flowering branch C leaves D fruit E inflorescence. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 3 cm (B); 2 cm (C); 1 cm (E); 3 mm (D). Photographs by E. G. Urquiaga F." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721339" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 22</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Polylepis serrata Pilg A flowering branch B fruit C lower leaf surface D upper leaf surface (A, B Arce s. n C, D Toivonen 90). Scale bars: 3 cm (A, C, D); 4 mm. Photographs by T. E. Boza E." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721340" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 23</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis serrata subsp. var. var. parcipila" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="variety" species="serrata" subSpecies="var." variety="parcipila">Polylepis serrata var. parcipila</taxonomicName>
|
||
Bitter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 593. 1911. Type. Peru. Cusco: La Convencion, Yanamanche, between Cusco and Santa Ana, 3500-3800 m,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Weberbauer 4954</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype: B destroyed; isotype: Vratisl).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis serrata subsp. var. var. psilanthera" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="variety" species="serrata" subSpecies="var." variety="psilanthera">Polylepis serrata var. psilanthera</taxonomicName>
|
||
Bitter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 593. 1911. Type. Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis serrata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">Polylepis serrata</taxonomicName>
|
||
Pilg.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" country="Peru" elevation="3450" location="Monzon" municipality="Huamalics" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Huanuco" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Peru">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Huanuco">Huanuco</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Huamalics</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, southeast of
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AA8DE8CEC2F2C99BE13C3CDABBE24092:AE152E410C4DFC2CBA5F832757326776" country="Peru" municipality="Huamalics" name="Monzon" stateProvince="Huanuco">Monzon</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.4" unit="m" value="3450.0" valueMax="3500.0" valueMin="3400.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.4" unit="m" value="3450.0" valueMax="3500.0" valueMin="3400.0">3400-3500 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, 1903,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Weberbauer 3354</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: B destroyed; photos at MO!,
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721339" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 22" startId="F22">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 22.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis serrata" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis serrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Pilg
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
inflorescence
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
flowering branch
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
leaves
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
fruit
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
inflorescence. Scale bars:
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
);
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
);
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
);
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
);
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
). Photographs by E.G. Urquiaga F.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trees</emphasis>
|
||
3-27 m tall.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||
slightly congested at the branch tips, imparipinnate with 4-7 pairs of lateral leaflets, obtrullate in outline, (5.4-)6.7-8.7(-11.1)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(3.2-)3.9-5.7(-6.4) cm; rachises densely tomentose; points of leaflet attachment with a ring of short tomentose hairs around; stipular sheaths apically acute with spurs, densely lanate on the outer surfaces; leaflets elliptic in outline, second pair from the terminal leaflet the largest, one of this pair (1.8-)2.4-3.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.8-1.0(-1.2) cm; margin serrate with 4-5 teeth, apically acute, basally unequally cordate; upper leaflet surfaces glabrous or sparsely lanate mainly in the mid-vein depression; lower leaflet surfaces densely lanate with whitish hairs 0.7-1.2 mm long.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescences</emphasis>
|
||
pendant, (7.6-)9.5-13.3(-17.3) cm long, bearing 16-35 flowers; floral bracts 3.4-4.5 mm long, narrowly triangular, densely villous on the outer surface; rachises villous.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
|
||
5.2-5.9 mm diam.; sepals 4, ovate, green, densely sericeous outside; stamens (4-)6-14, anthers orbicular, with a dense tuft of straight white hairs on the upper half; styles fimbriate, 1.2-2.3 mm long.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fruits</emphasis>
|
||
turbinate, with variable numbers and placement of thin spines, densely villous; (3.8-)6.1-6.7
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
5.6-8.8 mm including spines.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diploid</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721340" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 23" startId="F23">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 23.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis serrata" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis serrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Pilg
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
flowering branch
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
fruit
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
lower leaf surface
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
upper leaf surface (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Arce s.n</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Toivonen 90</emphasis>
|
||
). Scale bars: 3 cm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, C, D</emphasis>
|
||
); 4 mm. Photographs by T. E. Boza E.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution, habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis serrata" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis serrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distributed from San
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
|
||
to Cusco, Peru (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Geographical distribution of the species of the subsections Lanuginosae, Pauta and Pepea." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721341" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">24</figureCitation>
|
||
), where it occurs at 2000-3950 m elevation. It grows in relatively wet habitats usually mixed with or at the upper edge of the montane cloud forest, commonly with species of the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Oreopanax" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oreopanax" order="Apiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Oreopanax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cunoniaceae" genus="Weinmannia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Weinmannia" order="Oxalidales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Weinmannia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/1551809" author="Young, KR" journalOrPublisher="Arctic and Alpine Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="167 - 174" refId="B366" refString="Young, KR, 1993. Tropical timberlines: Changes in forest structure and regeneration between two Peruvian timberline margins. Arctic and Alpine Research 25 (3): 167 - 174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1551809" title="Tropical timberlines: Changes in forest structure and regeneration between two Peruvian timberline margins." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/1551809" volume="25" year="1993">Young 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It often also co-occurs with
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. canoi" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="canoi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. canoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and towards its upper distribution grades into forests of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. rodolfovasquezii" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="rodolfovasquezii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. rodolfovasquezii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Boyle, B" editor="Alonso, LE" journalOrPublisher="Rap Working Papers, 12. Conservation International, Washington DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="69 - 79" refId="B32" refString="Boyle, B, 2001. Vegetation of two sites in the northern Cordillera de Vilcabamba, Peru. In: Alonso, LE, Alonso, A, Schulenberg, TS, Dallmeir, F, Eds., Biological and Social Assessments on the Cordillera de Vilcabamba, Peru. Rap Working Papers, 12. Conservation International, Washington DC: 69 - 79" title="Vegetation of two sites in the northern Cordillera de Vilcabamba, Peru." volumeTitle="Biological and Social Assessments on the Cordillera de Vilcabamba, Peru." year="2001">Boyle 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00194" author="Kessler, M" journalOrPublisher="Ecological Modelling" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B171" refString="Kessler, M, Toivonen, JM, Sylvester, SP, Kluge, J, Hertel, D, 2014. Elevational patterns of Polylepis tree height (Rosaceae) in the high Andes of Peru: Role of human impact and climatic conditions. Frontiers in Plant Science 5(May): e194. [12 pp] https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00194" title="Elevational patterns of Polylepis tree height (Rosaceae) in the high Andes of Peru: Role of human impact and climatic conditions. Frontiers in Plant Science 5 (May): e 194. [12 pp]" url="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00194" year="2014">Kessler et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This is one of the tallest
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruiz & Pavon" authorityYear="1794" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, with heights of up to 27 m and diameters of up to 80 cm recorded (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-011-0061-9" author="Toivonen, JM" journalOrPublisher="Biodiversity and Conservation" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1789 - 1802" refId="B326" refString="Toivonen, JM, Kessler, M, Ruokolainen, K, Hertel, D, 2011. Accessibility predicts structural variation of Andean Polylepis forests. Biodiversity and Conservation 20 (8): 1789 - 1802, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-011-0061-9" title="Accessibility predicts structural variation of Andean Polylepis forests." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-011-0061-9" volume="20" year="2011">Toivonen et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In a study in Cuzco, Peru, vegetative reproduction was found to be absent at 3000 m, but increased to around 80% at 3500-3800 m (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-011-0061-9" author="Toivonen, JM" journalOrPublisher="Biodiversity and Conservation" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1789 - 1802" refId="B326" refString="Toivonen, JM, Kessler, M, Ruokolainen, K, Hertel, D, 2011. Accessibility predicts structural variation of Andean Polylepis forests. Biodiversity and Conservation 20 (8): 1789 - 1802, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-011-0061-9" title="Accessibility predicts structural variation of Andean Polylepis forests." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-011-0061-9" volume="20" year="2011">Toivonen et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Based on pollen records,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruiz & Pavon" authorityYear="1794" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of presumably this species was common at Laguna de Chochos in San
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Peru, at the beginning of the Holocene some 10,000-6,000 bp and later declined (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.983" author="Bush, MB" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Quaternary Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="703 - 714" refId="B37" refString="Bush, MB, Hansen, BCS, Rodbell, DT, Seltzer, GO, Young, KR, Leon, B, Abbott, MB, Silman, MR, Gosling, WD, 2005. A 17 000-year history of Andean climate and vegetation change from Laguna de Chochos, Peru. Journal of Quaternary Science 20 (7-8): 703 - 714, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.983" title="A 17 000 - year history of Andean climate and vegetation change from Laguna de Chochos, Peru." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.983" volume="20" year="2005">Bush et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The ecophysiology of this species has been studied by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1071/FP13210" author="Toivonen, JM" journalOrPublisher="Functional Plant Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="301 - 312" refId="B327" refString="Toivonen, JM, Horna, V, Kessler, M, Ruokolainen, K, Hertel, D, 2014. Interspecific variation in functional traits in relation to species climatic niche optima in Andean Polylepis (Rosaceae) tree species: Evidence for climatic adaptations. Functional Plant Biology 41 (3): 301 - 312, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/FP13210" title="Interspecific variation in functional traits in relation to species climatic niche optima in Andean Polylepis (Rosaceae) tree species: Evidence for climatic adaptations." url="https://doi.org/10.1071/FP13210" volume="41" year="2014">Toivonen et al. (2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; as
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. pauta" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pauta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pauta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721341" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 24" startId="F24">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 24.</emphasis>
|
||
Geographical distribution of the species of the subsections
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="T. Boza & M. Kessler" authorityYear="2022" family="Rosaceae" genus="Lanuginosae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lanuginosae" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lanuginosae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="T. Boza & M. Kessler" authorityYear="2022" family="Rosaceae" genus="Pauta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pauta" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pauta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="T. Boza & M. Kessler" authorityYear="2022" family="Rosaceae" genus="Pepea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pepea" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pepea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The EOO for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis serrata" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis serrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is estimated as 68,454 km2, the AOO is assessed at 100 km2 and it occurs at 18 locations. In Peru, was categorized as Near Threatened (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Sembrero, M" journalOrPublisher="Plant Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B299" refString="SERFOR (2006) Clasificacion Oficial de Especies Amenazadas de Flora Silvestre. Normas Legales. El Peruano." year="2016">SERFOR 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. pauta" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pauta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pauta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). It is restricted to small areas of eastern Peru where it is protected within
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Abiseo and Manu National Parks. However, the habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. serrata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. serrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is threatened by fires and forest destruction. We assess this species as Vulnerable (B1a+B2a, C1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
This species is quite similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. pauta" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pauta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pauta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and, in fact, it was treated as a junior synonym by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.0081024X.43.1" author="Simpson, BB" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 62" refId="B306" refString="Simpson, BB, 1979. A revision of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae: Sanguisorbeae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 43 (43): 1 - 62, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.0081024X.43.1" title="A revision of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae: Sanguisorbeae)." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.0081024X.43.1" volume="43" year="1979">Simpson (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Nevertheless, Simpson already pointed out the morphological diagnosability of geographical populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. pauta" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pauta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pauta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as defined by her. We consider that the recognition of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. serrata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. serrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is justified, based on morphological, ecological and geographical grounds, and suggest that this taxon should be re-instated at species level.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis serrata" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis serrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. pauta" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pauta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pauta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having longer leaflets (1.8-3.5 cm versus 1.7-2.2 cm long) with different type and relatively shorter hairs (0.7-1.2 mm, lanate versus 0.9-1.9 mm, sericeous).
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis serrata" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis serrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
further has shorter styles (1.2-2.3 mm;
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. pauta" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pauta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pauta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 2.3-2.5 mm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis serrata" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis serrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also is morphologically similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ochreata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ochreata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ochreata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with which it shares the number of leaflets (4-7 pairs). The most obvious differences between
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. serrata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. serrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and this species are the leaflet width, margin, apex and hair type and length, with
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. serrata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. serrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having elliptic leaflets 0.8-1.2 cm long, with acute apex and longer lanate hairs (0.7-1.2 mm) on the lower surface, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. ochreata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ochreata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ochreata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has narrowly elliptic leaflets 0.5-0.7 cm long, emarginate apex and short sericeous hairs (0.3-0.5 mm) on the lower surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Peru">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Cusco">Cusco</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Calca, Lares Cuncani,
|
||
<date value="1991-06-07">07 June 1991</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tupayachi 1505</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!). La
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Convención">Convencion</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Prov. Machupicchu, Chakimayu,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.235" unit="m" value="3235.0">3235 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2002-09-01">01 September 2002</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Arce s.n</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!, USM!); Batiyayoc
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="01" value="-13.133611">13°08'01"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="072" direction="west" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="45" value="-72.32916">072°19'45"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7049999999999996" unit="m" value="3705.0">3705 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2002-10-01">01 October 2002</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Arce s.n</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!); Dist. Santa Teresa, Uchuyillaspay,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="23" value="-13.123055">13°07'23"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="072" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="-72.625">072°37'30"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.883" unit="m" value="3883.0">3883 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2005-09-22">22 September 2005</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Huamantupa 7018</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!, MO!); Dist. Echarate, Huayopata, San Luis,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="43" value="-13.078611">13°04'43"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="072" direction="west" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="25" value="-72.390274">072°23'25"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" unit="m" value="2800.0">2800 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2006-03-30">30 March 2006</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Huamantupa 7526</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!, MO!, USM!); Potrero, Bosque de Ukumuriyoc,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="m" value="3600.0">3600 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2002-10-01">01 October 2002</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Palomino 1737</emphasis>
|
||
(QCA!); Dist. Huayopata, Panticalle, Abra
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Málaga">Malaga</normalizedToken>
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="02" value="-13.133889">13°08'02"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="072" direction="west" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="41" value="-72.32806">072°19'41"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.69" unit="m" value="3690.0">3690 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2006-05-30">30 May 2006</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Toivonen 88</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!);
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">89</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!);
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">90</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!);
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">91</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!); Cerca Canchayoc,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="m" value="3600.0">3600 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1967-06-29">29 June 1967</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vargas 19872</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!); Canchayoc,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.825" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.65" unit="m" value="3825.0" valueMax="4000.0" valueMin="3650.0">3650-4000 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1968-01-10">10 January 1968</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vargas 20086</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!); Canchayoc,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" unit="m" value="3700.0">3700 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1980-04-23">23 April 1980</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vargas 23311</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!); Yanamanche Quellomayo,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.6" unit="m" value="3800.0" valueMax="4000.0" valueMin="3600.0">3600-4000 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1944-07-25">25 July 1944</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vargas 4457</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!). Paucartambo, Challabamba, Pumataki,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="16" value="-13.154444">13°09'16"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="071" direction="west" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="33" value="-71.642494">071°38'33"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.671" unit="m" value="3671.0">3671 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2014-12-10">10 December 2014</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Boza 3024</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!, Z!); Challabamba, between Acjanaco and Tres Cruces,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="07" value="-13.168612">13°10'07"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="071" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="58" value="-71.63278">071°37'58"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" unit="m" value="3450.0">3450 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2014-12-10">10 December 2014</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Boza 3025</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!, Z!); Trocha Ericsson, Acjanaco, Parque Nacional Manu,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" metricValueMax="3.35" metricValueMin="3.25" unit="m" value="3300.0" valueMax="3350.0" valueMin="3250.0">3250-3350 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1990-09-01">01 September 1990</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cano 4041</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Qollatambo, Parque Nacional Manu,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="3.7" unit="m" value="3750.0" valueMax="3800.0" valueMin="3700.0">3700-3800 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1990-09-10">10 September 1990</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cano 4319</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Tres Cruces, Parque Nacional Manu,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="3.6" unit="m" value="3650.0" valueMax="3700.0" valueMin="3600.0">3600-3700 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1991-03-06">06 March 1991</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cano 4588</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Cerro Chapuyoc, Challabamba, ParqueNacional Manu,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="3.45" metricValueMin="3.35" unit="m" value="3400.0" valueMax="3450.0" valueMin="3350.0">3350-3450 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1991-03-15">15 March 1991</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cano 4689</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Valle del Pilcopata, near Accanaco Pass, turnoff to Tres Cruces,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-13.216666">13°13'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="071" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-71.583336">071°35'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1983-12-15">15 December 1983</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Foster 7548</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!, USM!); Acjanaco, Parque Nacional Manu, Trocha Ericsson,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="m" value="3100.0" valueMax="3200.0" valueMin="3000.0">3000-3200 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1991-07-22">22 July 1991</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Huapaya 221</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Region of Acanacu and the Cordillera or Tres Cruces,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.395" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.29" unit="m" value="3395.0" valueMax="3500.0" valueMin="3290.0">3290-3500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1978-12-07">07 December 1978</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Luteyn 6386</emphasis>
|
||
(AAU!, MO!, USM!); Pillahuata, alrededores, Tres cruces,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="km" value="130.0">130 km</quantity>
|
||
de Cusco en el camino hacia Pilcopta,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-13.083333">13°05'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="071" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-71.5">071°30'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1987-04-04">04 April 1987</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Núñez">Nunez</normalizedToken>
|
||
7749
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!, MO!, USM!); Km 130 hacia
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kosñipata">Kosnipata</normalizedToken>
|
||
; incluye Acjanacu, Pillahuata, parte alta del Parque Nacional del Manu y ceja de selva hacia
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kosñipata">Kosnipata</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-13.083333">13°05'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="071" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-71.5">071°30'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" unit="m" value="2600.0">2600 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1987-10-30">30 October 1987</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Núñez">Nunez</normalizedToken>
|
||
8482
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!, MO!); Tres Cruces, Parque Nacional Manu,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="3.5" unit="m" value="3600.0" valueMax="3700.0" valueMin="3500.0">3500-3700 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1989-04-01">01 April 1989</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tovar 10081</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Abra de Acjanaco-Tres Cruces de Oro, carretera Acjanaco-Pillahuata,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-13.116667">13°07'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="071" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-71.666664">071°40'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" unit="m" value="3700.0">3700 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1986-11-13">13 November 1986</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tupayachi 44</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tupayachi 45</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!, MO!); Entre Paucartambo y Acjanacu, Abra de Acjanacu,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1960-01-25">25 January 1960</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vargas 13130</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!); Hda. Pillco, Valle de Paucartambi,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" unit="m" value="2800.0">2800 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1967-04-12">12 April 1967</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vargas 19242</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!); Abra de Acjanacu,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1986-06-20">20 June 1986</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vargas 24009</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!); Quebrada de Acjanacu,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1942-12-11">11 December 1942</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vargas 3004</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!, MO!); Chacapampa,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.8" unit="m" value="1900.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1800.0">1800-2000 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1950-12-01">01 December 1950</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vargas 9909</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!, MO!). Quispicanchis, Marcapata;
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.76" unit="km" value="176.0">176 km</quantity>
|
||
from Cusco on road to Maldonado, Marcapata remmant forest to Cocha,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-13.416667">13°25'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="070" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-70.9">070°54'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" unit="m" value="3150.0">3150 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1991-03-08">08 March 1991</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Núñez">Nunez</normalizedToken>
|
||
13151
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!, MO!); entre Abra Walla Walla y Marcapata a
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" unit="km" value="210.0">210 km</quantity>
|
||
de Cusco,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-13.416667">13°25'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="070" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-70.9">070°54'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="2.8" unit="m" value="3700.0" valueMax="4600.0" valueMin="2800.0">2800-4600 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1988-04-21" valueMax="1988-04-25" valueMin="1988-04-21">21-25 April 1988</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Núñez">Nunez</normalizedToken>
|
||
9032
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!, IBE, MO!); Huaillai-Marcapata, junto al
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="río">rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Araza,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" unit="m" value="2900.0">2900 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1943-12-11">11 December 1943</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vargas 3765</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!); Marcapata,
|
||
<date value="1929-02-15" valueMax="1929-02-16" valueMin="1929-02-15">15-16 February 1929</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Weberbauer 7803</emphasis>
|
||
(A!, MO!). Urubamba, Pakaymayu,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="11" value="-13.236389">13°14'11"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="072" direction="west" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="38" value="-72.49389">072°29'38"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8609999999999998" unit="m" value="3861.0">3861 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2002-06-01">01 June 2002</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Arce s.n</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); entre San Luis y Abra Malaga,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-13.1">13°06'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="072" direction="west" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-72.36667">072°22'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2002-10-16">16 October 2002</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lehnert 444</emphasis>
|
||
(GOET!); Machu
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Picchu’">Picchu'</normalizedToken>
|
||
, in Urcoscancha, a pampa above the village of Palcay,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="-13.158333">13°09'30"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="072" direction="west" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="53" value="-72.531395">072°31'53"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.645" unit="m" value="3645.0">3645 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1982-07-05">05 July 1982</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peyton 792</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!); Lado Oriental de Cumbre
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Málaga">Malaga</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1984-10-01">01 October 1984</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rivas s.n</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Machupicchu, campamento (km 90),
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="17" value="-13.188056">13°11'17"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="072" direction="west" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-72.43611">072°26'10"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.07" unit="m" value="3070.0">3070 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2006-08-02">02 August 2006</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Toivonen 1</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!); Dist. Machupicchu, campamento (km 90),
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="17" value="-13.188056">13°11'17"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="072" direction="west" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-72.43611">072°26'10"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.07" unit="m" value="3070.0">3070 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2006-08-02">02 August 2006</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Toivonen 2</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!); Dist. Machupicchu, Pakaymayu,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="9" value="-13.235833">13°14'9"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="072" direction="west" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="36" value="-72.49333">072°29'36"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.76" unit="m" value="3760.0">3760 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2006-08-24">24 August 2006</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Toivonen 24</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">30</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!); Dist. Machupicchu. Pakaymayu,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="9" value="-13.235833">13°14'9"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="072" direction="west" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="36" value="-72.49333">072°29'36"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.76" unit="m" value="3760.0">3760 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2006-09-13">13 September 2006</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Toivonen 3760</emphasis>
|
||
(CUZ!).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Huánuco">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Huanuco">Huanuco</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Pachitea, Dist. de Umari, Comunidad Campesina de San Marcos,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" unit="m" value="3400.0">3400 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2010-03-04">04 March 2010</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Beltrán">Beltran</normalizedToken>
|
||
6740
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!);
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6760</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!);
|
||
<date value="1903-07-01">01 July 1903</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Weberbauer 3354</emphasis>
|
||
(B, MO!).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Junín">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Junin">Junin</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Satipo, Cordillera Vilcabamba,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Ene slope, near summit of divide,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="11" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="36" value="-11.66">11°39'36"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="073" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="02" value="-73.66722">073°40'02"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.32" unit="m" value="3320.0">3320 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1997-06-14">14 June 1997</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Boyle 4398</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="San Martin">
|
||
San
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Mariscal Caceres, Primer derrumbe y laguna del pato y asociadas del P. N. del
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Abiseo,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="3.45" metricValueMin="3.25" unit="m" value="3350.0" valueMax="3450.0" valueMin="3250.0">3250-3450 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1996-06-24">24 June 1996</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cano 7265</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Dist. de Huicungo, Parque Nacional
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Abiseo,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Callejón">Callejon</normalizedToken>
|
||
Rojas,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="3.6" unit="m" value="3650.0" valueMax="3700.0" valueMin="3600.0">3600-3700 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2011-07-06">06 July 2011</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Castillo 1026</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!);
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">959</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!); Dist. de Huicungo, zona de Alpamachay,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="3.2" unit="m" value="3250.0" valueMax="3300.0" valueMin="3200.0">3200-3300 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2001-06-14">14 June 2001</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="León">Leon</normalizedToken>
|
||
5224
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(USM!);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Abiseo National Park; forest on edge of Laguna de Chochos, NW corner of park,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-7.0">07°00'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.0">077°00'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1986-05-19">19 May 1986</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Young 3175</emphasis>
|
||
(F!, MO!, USM!);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Abiseo National Park, jucture of Quebrada Misquichilca and Quebrada Quimar,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
|
||
SE of Condormarca,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-7.0">07°00'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.0">077°00'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1986-06-05">05 June 1986</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Young 3552</emphasis>
|
||
(F!, MO!, USM!); forest on the edge of Laguna de Chochos, Chochos, NW corner of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Abiseo National Park,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55555" value="-7.0">07°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55555" value="-77.0">077°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1987-07-17">17 July 1987</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Young 4863</emphasis>
|
||
(MO!, USM!).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |