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<document id="87758D5BEB1E710B66D23EEA7476B02A" ID-CLB-Dataset="21907" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2017.390" ID-GBIF-Dataset="54438cfa-5f3a-4ee3-85c8-00e453a6d641" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3839858" ID-ZooBank="4D1D1CA3-8345-4BA3-9C7C-5EBDD40752CE" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1590155668479" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Wisshak, Max" docDate="2017" docId="8878B758BA6B9F374D9C2653FDCDFC81" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2017-390.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 390" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Clionolithes cervicornis" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="7441CF20BA769F284C53200DFFF9FFC3" masterDocTitle="Taming an ichnotaxonomical Pandora’s box: revision of dendritic and rosetted microborings (ichnofamily: Dendrinidae)" masterLastPageNumber="99" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1698840949990" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="664A87BAA48538420DC8A812D5AC0579">Taming an ichnotaxonomical Pandora’s box: revision of dendritic and rosetted microborings (ichnofamily: Dendrinidae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="8878B758BA6B9F374D9C2653FDCDFC81" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3853637" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164249281" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3853637" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8878B758BA6B9F374D9C2653FDCDFC81" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8878B758BA6B9F374D9C2653FDCDFC81" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA6B9F354D9C2653FB9DF9BA" box="[463,1124,1630,1657]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6B9F354D9C2653FB9DF9BA" blockId="29.[463,1124,1630,1692]" box="[463,1124,1630,1657]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="5B26B122BA6B9F354D9C2653FB9DF9BA" box="[463,1124,1630,1657]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6B9F354D9C2653FB9DF9BA" authority="(Vogel, Golubic &amp; Brett, 1987)" baseAuthorityName="Vogel, Golubic &amp; Brett" baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[463,1124,1630,1657]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cervicornis">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354D9C2653FD16F9BA" bold="true" box="[463,751,1630,1657]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Clionolithes cervicornis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA6B9F354EAD2652FBA5F9BA" author="Vogel, Golubic &amp; Brett" box="[766,1116,1631,1657]" firstAuthor="Vogel" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="263 - 290" refId="ref54375" refString="Vogel K., Golubic S. &amp; Brett C. E. 1987. Endolith associations and their relation to facies distribution in the Middle Devonian of New York State, USA. Lethaia 20: 263 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1502 - 3931.1987. tb 02047. x" type="journal article" year="1987">Vogel, Golubic &amp; Brett, 1987</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA6B9F354EA4268FFCC5F95F" box="[759,828,1666,1692]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6B9F354EA4268FFCC5F95F" blockId="29.[463,1124,1630,1692]" box="[759,828,1666,1692]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA6B9F354EA4268FFCC5F95F" box="[759,828,1666,1692]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="30.[189,232,1717,1743]" captionTargetBox="[189,1401,982,1681]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[189,1401,982,1681]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig. 8. Clionolithes cervicornis (Vogel, Golubic &amp; Brett, 1987). A. SEM of pyritised and epoxycast holotype in a Devonian brachiopod shell from New York State, USA. B–C. SEM overview and close-up of another specimen from the original material of Vogel et al., recorded in a coral substrate. D–E. Overview and close-up of several natural casts that are part of the suite of paratypes of Olkenbachia hirsuta Solle, 1938 (junior synonym of Clionolithes radicans Clarke, 1908), from the Devonian near Koblenz, Germany (compare with Solle 1938: fig. 5). F. Holotype of nomen nudum “Chondrites” symmetricus (Solle 1938), a morphologically similar (cf.) but unusually large specimen from the Devonian near Koblenz, Germany." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839875/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA6B9F354CEE26C6FC19F878" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6B9F354CEE26C6FCA2F925" blockId="29.[189,1344,1739,1801]" box="[189,859,1739,1766]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA6B9F354CEE26C6FCA2F925" box="[189,859,1739,1766]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA6B9F354CEE26C6FCF5F926" author="Vogel K. &amp; Golubic S. &amp; Brett C. E." box="[189,780,1739,1765]" page="270" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1987">
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6B9F354CEE26C6FCF5F926" authority="Vogel et al., 1987: 270" authorityName="Vogel" authorityPageNumber="270" authorityYear="1987" box="[189,780,1739,1765]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cervicornis">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354CEE26C6FE92F926" box="[189,363,1739,1765]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Ramodendrina</emphasis>
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354D2026C1FE0EF926" box="[371,503,1740,1765]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">cervicornis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA6B9F354DAD26C6FCF5F926" author="Vogel" box="[510,780,1739,1765]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Vogel" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="263 - 290" refId="ref54375" refString="Vogel K., Golubic S. &amp; Brett C. E. 1987. Endolith associations and their relation to facies distribution in the Middle Devonian of New York State, USA. Lethaia 20: 263 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1502 - 3931.1987. tb 02047. x" type="journal article" year="1987">
Vogel
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354E1A26C1FD7DF926" box="[585,644,1739,1765]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
, 1987: 270
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 5.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6B9F354CEE26E3FAB9F8CA" blockId="29.[189,1344,1739,1801]" box="[189,1344,1774,1801]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA6B9F354CEE26E3FAB9F8CA" box="[189,1344,1774,1801]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
“
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA6B9F354C9926E3FD78F8CB" box="[202,641,1774,1800]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6B9F354C9926E3FD78F8CB" box="[202,641,1774,1800]" genus="Chondrites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354C9926E3FEB5F8CB" box="[202,332,1774,1800]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Chondrites</emphasis>
”
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354D3226E2FE0DF8CB" box="[353,500,1775,1800]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">symmetricus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA6B9F354DA826E3FD78F8CB" author="Solle" box="[507,641,1774,1800]" firstAuthor="Solle" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="154 - 178" refId="ref53353" refString="Solle G. 1938. Die ersten Bohr-Spongien im europaischen Devon und einige andere Spuren. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 20: 154 - 178." type="journal article" year="1938">Solle, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(partim?): 168, fig. 19 (fig. 20 = a brachiopod muscle scar).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6B9F354CEE273AFC33F8B6" blockId="29.[189,1398,1847,1979]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA6B9F354CEE273AFC33F8B6" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6B9F354CEE273AFE57F892" authorityName=", Solle" authorityYear="1938" box="[189,430,1847,1873]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dendrinidae" genus="Olkenbachia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lithistida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354CEE273AFE57F892" box="[189,430,1847,1873]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Olkenbachia hirsuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA6B9F354D9E273AFDB4F892" box="[461,589,1847,1873]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA6B9F354D9E273AFDB4F892" author="Solle" box="[461,589,1847,1873]" firstAuthor="Solle" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="154 - 178" refId="ref53353" refString="Solle G. 1938. Die ersten Bohr-Spongien im europaischen Devon und einige andere Spuren. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 20: 154 - 178." type="journal article" year="1938">Solle 1938</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(partim): 162, figs 5–7, 10 (figs 2–4, 8, 11, 14 =
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6B9F3548C62735FAE6F892" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[1173,1311,1847,1874]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="radicans">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F3548C62735FAE6F892" box="[1173,1311,1847,1874]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C. radicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, figs 9, 15, 17–18 =
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6B9F354D2C2756FDE9F8B7" authorityName="Wisshak" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Solle" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[383,528,1883,1909]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pannosus">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354D2C2756FDE9F8B7" box="[383,528,1883,1909]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C. pannosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and fig. 13 =
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6B9F354EE02757FC40F8B7" box="[691,953,1882,1908]" class="Monothalamea" family="Astrorhizidae" genus="Nododendrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Astrorhizida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="nodosa">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354EE02757FC40F8B7" box="[691,953,1882,1908]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Nododendrina nodosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6B9F354CEE2770FCB8F85B" blockId="29.[189,1398,1847,1979]" box="[189,833,1917,1944]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Dendroid Form 1 – (?)
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA6B9F354D9E2770FD1BF85B" author="Vogel &amp; Brett" box="[461,738,1917,1944]" firstAuthor="Vogel" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref54231" refString="Vogel K. &amp; Brett C. E. 2009. Record of microendoliths in different facies of the Upper Ordovician in the Cincinnati Arch region USA: The early history of light-related microendolithic zonation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 281: 1 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. palaeo. 2009.06.032 Vogel K. &amp; Glaub I. 2004. 450 Millionen Jahre Bestandigkeit in der Evolution endolithischer Mikroorganismen? Sitzungsberichte der Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft an der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitat Frankfurt am Main 42: 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="2009">Vogel &amp; Brett 2009: 15</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 29.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA6B9F354CEE27ACFC19F878" blockId="29.[189,1398,1847,1979]" box="[189,992,1953,1979]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20C12160BA6B9F354CEE27ACFC19F878" box="[189,992,1953,1979]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA6B9F354CEE27ACFE21F878" box="[189,472,1953,1979]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cervicornis">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA6B9F354CEE27ACFE21F878" box="[189,472,1953,1979]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Clionolithes cervicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="8170205FBA6B9F354DA627ACFC80F878" author="Furlong C. M. &amp; McRoberts C. A." box="[501,889,1953,1979]" page="138" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA6B9F354DA627ACFC80F878" author="Furlong &amp; McRoberts" box="[501,889,1953,1979]" firstAuthor="Furlong" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="130 - 144" refId="ref50758" refString="Furlong C. M. &amp; McRoberts C. A. 2014. Commensal borings from the Middle Devonian of central New York: Ecologic and taxonomic review of Clionoides, Clionolithes, and Canaliparva n. ichnogen. Journal of Paleontology 88: 130 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 12 - 141" type="journal article" year="2014">Furlong &amp; McRoberts 2014: 138</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 6.2.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA689F364CEE2106FC21FCE4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="006E064EBA689F364CEE2106FE5BFEE6" blockId="30.[189,1399,267,618]" box="[189,418,267,293]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<heading id="5B26B122BA689F364CEE2106FE5BFEE6" bold="true" box="[189,418,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="3">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA689F364CEE2106FE5BFEE6" bold="true" box="[189,418,267,293]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Original diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA689F364CEE213BFBE9FDAA" blockId="30.[189,1399,267,618]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Rosette-shaped repeatedly branched systems up to
<quantity id="C729ABABBA689F364F762138FC7BFE93" box="[805,898,309,336]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
(1.50 ± 0.40 [10]) in diameter. Branches diverge from the main trunk, spreading radially in straight line or slightly curved, at angles ranging from 40° to 95° (64 ± 13 [50]). The main trunk is
<quantity id="C729ABABBA689F364F6B2171FC3AFE54" box="[824,963,380,407]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="165.0" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="80.0">80–250 µm</quantity>
wide. The primary branches (those proximal to the trunk) are
<quantity id="C729ABABBA689F364DA02192FD83FE79" box="[499,634,415,442]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.425" metricValueMax="2.25" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="142.5" valueMax="225.0" valueMin="60.0">60–225 µm</quantity>
(133 ± 44 [24]) wide, the distal branches are
<quantity id="C729ABABBA689F3648C72192FAF4FE79" box="[1172,1293,415,442]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="55.0" valueMax="85.0" valueMin="25.0">25–85 µm</quantity>
(52 ± 11 [100]) wide. The branches often adhere closely to the substrate surface. They have smooth and rounded surfaces, and are circular in cross section. They do not taper and have rounded, rarely pointed tips. Branch diameter decreases only slightly from primary to secondary and tertiary (distal) branches, and remains constant (or even increases slightly) between branching points. The branching varies in density, without anastomoses. The main aperture to the surface was not detected.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA689F364CEE2295FE56FD71" blockId="30.[189,431,664,690]" box="[189,431,664,690]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<heading id="5B26B122BA689F364CEE2295FE56FD71" bold="true" box="[189,431,664,690]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="3">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA689F364CEE2295FE56FD71" bold="true" box="[189,431,664,690]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Emended diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA689F364CEE22CAFC21FCE4" blockId="30.[189,1399,711,807]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Branches with nearly constant diameter diverge from the main trunk, spreading and bifurcating radially in straight or slightly curved lines, adhere closely to the substrate surface and do not anastomose. They have smooth and rounded surfaces and rounded, rarely pointed tips.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA689F364CEE235BFD7EFC5C" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="description">
<paragraph id="006E064EBA689F364CEE235BFE43FCB3" blockId="30.[189,442,854,880]" box="[189,442,854,880]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<heading id="5B26B122BA689F364CEE235BFE43FCB3" bold="true" box="[189,442,854,880]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="3">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA689F364CEE235BFE43FCB3" bold="true" box="[189,442,854,880]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Original description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA689F364CEE2388FD7EFC5C" blockId="30.[189,647,901,927]" box="[189,647,901,927]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">n/a, but see detailed original diagnosis.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="54AE56C6BA689F364CEE26B8FDACF806" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839875" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3839875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839875/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" startId="30.[189,232,1717,1743]" targetBox="[189,1401,982,1681]" targetPageId="30">
<paragraph id="006E064EBA689F364CEE26B8FDACF806" blockId="30.[189,1399,1717,1990]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA689F364CEE26B8FEE9F90C" bold="true" box="[189,272,1717,1743]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA689F364D4E26B8FC2BF90C" authority="(Vogel, Golubic &amp; Brett, 1987)" baseAuthorityName="Vogel, Golubic &amp; Brett" baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[285,978,1717,1743]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cervicornis">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA689F364D4E26B8FDC4F90C" box="[285,573,1717,1743]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Clionolithes cervicornis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA689F364E0126B8FC30F90C" author="Vogel, Golubic &amp; Brett" box="[594,969,1717,1743]" firstAuthor="Vogel" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="263 - 290" refId="ref54375" refString="Vogel K., Golubic S. &amp; Brett C. E. 1987. Endolith associations and their relation to facies distribution in the Middle Devonian of New York State, USA. Lethaia 20: 263 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1502 - 3931.1987. tb 02047. x" type="journal article" year="1987">Vogel, Golubic &amp; Brett, 1987</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA689F364FB126B8FC0EF90C" bold="true" box="[994,1015,1717,1743]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">A</emphasis>
. SEM of pyritised and epoxycast holotype in a Devonian brachiopod shell from New York State, USA.
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA689F36481526D5FB84F931" bold="true" box="[1094,1149,1752,1778]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">B–C</emphasis>
. SEM overview and close-up of another specimen from the original material of Vogel
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA689F364F8326F1FBF5F8D6" box="[976,1036,1787,1813]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
, recorded in a coral substrate.
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA689F364CEE2712FF0DF8FA" bold="true" box="[189,244,1823,1849]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">D–E</emphasis>
. Overview and close-up of several natural casts that are part of the suite of paratypes of
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA689F3648B22713FE5BF89F" authority="Solle, 1938" authorityName=", Solle" authorityYear="1938" class="Demospongiae" family="Dendrinidae" genus="Olkenbachia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lithistida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA689F3648B22713FEE9F89F" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Olkenbachia hirsuta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA689F364D49274FFE5BF89F" author="Solle" box="[282,418,1858,1884]" firstAuthor="Solle" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="154 - 178" refId="ref53353" refString="Solle G. 1938. Die ersten Bohr-Spongien im europaischen Devon und einige andere Spuren. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 20: 154 - 178." type="journal article" year="1938">Solle, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA689F364EC8274FFBB8F89F" authority="Clarke, 1908" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[667,1089,1858,1884]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="radicans">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA689F364EC8274FFC62F89F" box="[667,923,1858,1884]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Clionolithes radicans</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA689F364FF7274FFBB8F89F" author="Clarke" box="[932,1089,1858,1884]" firstAuthor="Clarke" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="146 - 169" refId="ref49949" refString="Clarke J. M. 1908. The beginnings of dependent life. New York State Museum Bulletin 121: 146 - 169." type="journal article" year="1908">Clarke, 1908</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), from the Devonian near Koblenz, Germany (compare with
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA689F364E3A2768FD08F8BC" author="Solle" box="[617,753,1893,1919]" firstAuthor="Solle" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="154 - 178" refId="ref53353" refString="Solle G. 1938. Die ersten Bohr-Spongien im europaischen Devon und einige andere Spuren. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 20: 154 - 178." type="journal article" year="1938">Solle 1938</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 5).
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA689F364F0C2768FC88F8BC" bold="true" box="[863,881,1893,1919]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">F</emphasis>
. Holotype of
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA689F364870276BFB37F8BC" box="[1059,1230,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">nomen nudum</emphasis>
“
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA689F3648B42768FA90F8BC" box="[1255,1385,1893,1919]" genus="Chondrites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA689F3648B42768FA90F8BC" box="[1255,1385,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Chondrites</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA689F364CEE2784FEA9F861" box="[189,336,1929,1954]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">symmetricus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA689F364D352785FE16F861" author="Solle" box="[358,495,1928,1954]" firstAuthor="Solle" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="154 - 178" refId="ref53353" refString="Solle G. 1938. Die ersten Bohr-Spongien im europaischen Devon und einige andere Spuren. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 20: 154 - 178." type="journal article" year="1938">Solle 1938</bibRefCitation>
), a morphologically similar (cf.) but unusually large specimen from the Devonian near Koblenz, Germany.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA699F374CEE2106FD53FE7E" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="006E064EBA699F374CEE2106FD8AFEE6" blockId="31.[189,627,267,293]" box="[189,627,267,293]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<heading id="5B26B122BA699F374CEE2106FD8AFEE6" bold="true" box="[189,627,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="3">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA699F374CEE2106FD8AFEE6" bold="true" box="[189,627,267,293]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Type material, locality and horizon</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA699F374CEE2134FD53FE7E" blockId="31.[189,1399,313,445]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<materialsCitation id="B0B90C13BA699F374CEE2134FD53FE7E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2625219302" country="United States of America" county="Cayuga County" elevation="300" location="Institut fur Geowissenschaften" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="New York" typeStatus="holotype">
The
<typeStatus id="DF6AB8ECBA699F374CA62134FEA5FE90" box="[245,348,313,339]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA699F374D232134FE36FE97" box="[368,463,313,340]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="30.[189,232,1717,1743]" captionTargetBox="[189,1401,982,1681]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[189,1401,982,1681]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig. 8. Clionolithes cervicornis (Vogel, Golubic &amp; Brett, 1987). A. SEM of pyritised and epoxycast holotype in a Devonian brachiopod shell from New York State, USA. B–C. SEM overview and close-up of another specimen from the original material of Vogel et al., recorded in a coral substrate. D–E. Overview and close-up of several natural casts that are part of the suite of paratypes of Olkenbachia hirsuta Solle, 1938 (junior synonym of Clionolithes radicans Clarke, 1908), from the Devonian near Koblenz, Germany (compare with Solle 1938: fig. 5). F. Holotype of nomen nudum “Chondrites” symmetricus (Solle 1938), a morphologically similar (cf.) but unusually large specimen from the Devonian near Koblenz, Germany." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839875/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
) was epoxy cast in a shell of the brachiopod
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA699F3748512134FAFDFE97" authority="McCoy, 1844" authorityName="McCoy" authorityYear="1844" box="[1026,1284,313,340]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Athyrididae" genus="Athyris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spiriferida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA699F3748512134FBAEFE90" box="[1026,1111,313,339]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Athyris</emphasis>
McCoy, 1844
</taxonomicName>
from the Otisco Member, Middle Devonian, sampled at a cliff exposure along a railroad cut
<quantity id="C729ABABBA699F3748DA2150FB2AFEB4" box="[1161,1235,349,375]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="300.0">
<elevation id="8BFCE17DBA699F3748DA2150FB2AFEB4" box="[1161,1235,349,375]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
E of Portland Point,
<collectingCounty id="E90F7EC2BA699F374D58218DFE3CFE59" box="[267,453,384,410]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Cayuga County</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="C215C8ACBA699F374D81218DFDB7FE59" box="[466,590,384,410]" country="United States of America" name="New York" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">New York</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="78C646DEBA699F374E09218DFD61FE59" box="[602,664,384,410]" name="United States of America" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">USA</collectingCountry>
. It is deposited at the
<location id="050E5095BA699F374FCC218DFAF2FE59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8878B758BA6B9F374D9C2653FDCDFC81:050E5095BA699F374FCC218DFAF2FE59" box="[927,1291,384,410]" country="United States of America" county="Cayuga County" name="Institut fur Geowissenschaften" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="New York">Institut für Geowissenschaften</location>
, Goethe-
<location id="050E5095BA699F374CEE21AEFEBBFE7E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8878B758BA6B9F374D9C2653FDCDFC81:050E5095BA699F374CEE21AEFEBBFE7E" box="[189,322,419,445]" country="United States of America" county="Cayuga County" name="Universitat" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="New York">Universität</location>
,
<location id="050E5095BA699F374D1D21AEFE39FE7E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8878B758BA6B9F374D9C2653FDCDFC81:050E5095BA699F374D1D21AEFE39FE7E" box="[334,448,419,445]" country="United States of America" county="Cayuga County" name="Frankfurt" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="New York">Frankfurt</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="78C646DEBA699F374D9821AEFDC1FE7E" box="[459,568,419,445]" name="Germany" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Germany</collectingCountry>
(
<location id="050E5095BA699F374E1B21AEFD95FE7E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8878B758BA6B9F374D9C2653FDCDFC81:050E5095BA699F374E1B21AEFD95FE7E" box="[584,620,419,445]" country="United States of America" county="Cayuga County" name="Bo" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="New York">Bo</location>
1/4).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="48CB55C5BA699F374CEE21E8FDCDFC81" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="006E064EBA699F374CEE21E8FED6FE3C" blockId="31.[189,303,485,511]" box="[189,303,485,511]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<heading id="5B26B122BA699F374CEE21E8FED6FE3C" bold="true" box="[189,303,485,511]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="3">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA699F374CEE21E8FED6FE3C" bold="true" box="[189,303,485,511]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA699F374CEE221EFED5FD79" blockId="31.[189,1399,531,698]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Originally established within the ichnogenus
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA699F374E9C221EFC84FDEE" box="[719,893,531,557]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Ramodendrina</emphasis>
, which according to
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA699F374821221EFEF2FD93" author="Furlong &amp; McRoberts" firstAuthor="Furlong" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="130 - 144" refId="ref50758" refString="Furlong C. M. &amp; McRoberts C. A. 2014. Commensal borings from the Middle Devonian of central New York: Ecologic and taxonomic review of Clionoides, Clionolithes, and Canaliparva n. ichnogen. Journal of Paleontology 88: 130 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 12 - 141" type="journal article" year="2014">Furlong &amp; McRoberts (2014)</bibRefCitation>
is a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA699F374E6F223BFD32FD93" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[572,715,566,592]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA699F374E6F223BFD32FD93" box="[572,715,566,592]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Clionolithes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A number of
<typeStatus id="DF6AB8ECBA699F374FD5223AFC0FFD92" box="[902,1014,567,593]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA699F374875223BFAE2FD93" authorityName=", Solle" authorityYear="1938" box="[1062,1307,566,592]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dendrinidae" genus="Olkenbachia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lithistida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA699F374875223BFAE2FD93" box="[1062,1307,566,592]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Olkenbachia hirsuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA699F374D062257FE18FDB0" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[341,481,601,628]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="radicans">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA699F374D062257FE18FDB0" box="[341,481,601,628]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C. radicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA699F374DA12254FDCEFDB0" box="[498,567,601,627]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="30.[189,232,1717,1743]" captionTargetBox="[189,1401,982,1681]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[189,1401,982,1681]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig. 8. Clionolithes cervicornis (Vogel, Golubic &amp; Brett, 1987). A. SEM of pyritised and epoxycast holotype in a Devonian brachiopod shell from New York State, USA. B–C. SEM overview and close-up of another specimen from the original material of Vogel et al., recorded in a coral substrate. D–E. Overview and close-up of several natural casts that are part of the suite of paratypes of Olkenbachia hirsuta Solle, 1938 (junior synonym of Clionolithes radicans Clarke, 1908), from the Devonian near Koblenz, Germany (compare with Solle 1938: fig. 5). F. Holotype of nomen nudum “Chondrites” symmetricus (Solle 1938), a morphologically similar (cf.) but unusually large specimen from the Devonian near Koblenz, Germany." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839875/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
D–E) are morphologically reminiscent of
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA699F3748612257FB23FDB0" baseAuthorityName="Vogel, Golubic &amp; Brett" baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[1074,1242,602,628]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cervicornis">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA699F3748612257FB23FDB0" box="[1074,1242,602,628]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C. cervicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as is a very large single specimen that was only tentatively addressed by
<bibRefCitation id="64407BBFBA699F374FDB2271FBE3FD54" author="Solle" box="[904,1050,636,663]" firstAuthor="Solle" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="154 - 178" refId="ref53353" refString="Solle G. 1938. Die ersten Bohr-Spongien im europaischen Devon und einige andere Spuren. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 20: 154 - 178." type="journal article" year="1938">Solle (1938)</bibRefCitation>
as “
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA699F37481E2270FB36FD54" box="[1101,1231,637,663]" genus="Chondrites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA699F37481E2270FB36FD54" box="[1101,1231,637,663]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Chondrites</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA699F3748B72270FA8EFD55" box="[1252,1399,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">symmetricus</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="98EA1ACBBA699F374C9522ADFEE6FD79" box="[198,287,672,698]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="30.[189,232,1717,1743]" captionTargetBox="[189,1401,982,1681]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[189,1401,982,1681]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig. 8. Clionolithes cervicornis (Vogel, Golubic &amp; Brett, 1987). A. SEM of pyritised and epoxycast holotype in a Devonian brachiopod shell from New York State, USA. B–C. SEM overview and close-up of another specimen from the original material of Vogel et al., recorded in a coral substrate. D–E. Overview and close-up of several natural casts that are part of the suite of paratypes of Olkenbachia hirsuta Solle, 1938 (junior synonym of Clionolithes radicans Clarke, 1908), from the Devonian near Koblenz, Germany (compare with Solle 1938: fig. 5). F. Holotype of nomen nudum “Chondrites” symmetricus (Solle 1938), a morphologically similar (cf.) but unusually large specimen from the Devonian near Koblenz, Germany." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839875/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 8F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="006E064EBA699F374CEE22ECFDCDFC81" blockId="31.[189,1399,737,834]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA699F374CEE22ECFE21FD38" baseAuthorityName="Vogel, Golubic &amp; Brett" baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[189,472,737,763]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cervicornis">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA699F374CEE22ECFE21FD38" box="[189,472,737,763]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Clionolithes cervicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from other ichnospecies of
<taxonomicName id="C7D17DCDBA699F374F8D22ECFB94FD38" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1908" box="[990,1133,737,763]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Clionolithes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32A5DA5CBA699F374F8D22ECFB94FD38" box="[990,1133,737,763]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Clionolithes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the nearly constant diameter of the radiating galleries, their close connection to the substrate surface (= open roof) and the distinctly rounded terminations.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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