157 lines
15 KiB
XML
157 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416" ID-PMC="PMC3577090" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-245-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E" ID-PubMed="23431087" ID-Zenodo-Dep="578462" ModsDocID="1313-2970-245-1" checkinTime="1425642919252" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bousquet, Yves" docDate="2012" docId="83F2547B5BD5BF69F6A7CBEBF91A21D4" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 245: 1-1722" docOrigin="ZooKeys 245" docPubDate="2012-11-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416" docTitle="Trechus apicalis Motschulsky 1845" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" id="FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E" lastPageNumber="334" masterDocId="FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E" masterDocTitle="Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="1722" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="333" updateTime="1668154792637" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bousquet, Yves</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">bousquety1@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2012-11-28</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>245</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>1722</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-245-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">578462</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127869097" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:83F2547B5BD5BF69F6A7CBEBF91A21D4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/83F2547B5BD5BF69F6A7CBEBF91A21D4" lastPageId="333" lastPageNumber="334" pageId="332" pageNumber="333">
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<subSubSection pageId="332" pageNumber="333" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="332" pageNumber="333">
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<taxonomicName LSID="83F2547B-5BD5-BF69-F6A7-CBEBF91A21D4" authority="Motschulsky, 1845" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1845" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trechus apicalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="332" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">Trechus apicalis Motschulsky, 1845</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="333" lastPageNumber="334" pageId="332" pageNumber="333" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="332" pageNumber="333">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1845" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="332" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">Trechus apicalis</taxonomicName>
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Motschulsky, 1845b: 347. Type locality: "Kamtschatka [Siberia, Russia]" (original citation). Six syntypes in ZMMU (Keleinikova 1976: 187).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="332" pageNumber="333">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Putzeys" authorityYear="1847" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="332" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kamtschatkensis">Trechus kamtschatkensis</taxonomicName>
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Putzeys, 1847: 308. Type locality: "Kamtschatka [Siberia, Russia]" (original citation). Syntype(s) location unknown (possibly in IRSN). Synonymy established by Putzeys (1870: 166).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="332" pageNumber="333">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1847" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Epaphius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="332" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micans">Epaphius micans</taxonomicName>
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LeConte, 1847: 414. Type locality: "Lapointe [Madeline Island, Wisconsin], Lacus Superioris" (original citation). Syntype(s) in MCZ [# 5596]. Synonymy established by Lindroth (1963b: 202).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="332" pageNumber="333">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1847" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Epaphius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="332" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvus">Epaphius fulvus</taxonomicName>
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LeConte, 1847: 415 [secondary homonym of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1847" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="332" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="332" pageNumber="333">Trechus fulvus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Dejean, 1831]. Type locality: "Lapointe [Madeline Island, Wisconsin], Lacus Superioris" (original citation). Syntype(s) in MCZ. Synonymy established, under the name
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="332" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="apicalis" subSpecies="micans">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="332" pageNumber="333">Trechus apicalis micans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(LeConte), by Jeannel (1927: 172), confirmed by Lindroth (1963b: 202).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="332" pageNumber="333">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Putzeys" authorityYear="1870" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="332" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canadensis">Trechus canadensis</taxonomicName>
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Putzeys, 1870: 160. Type locality: "Terre neuve (S[ain]t Pierre [et] Miquelon); Toronto" (original citation). Syntype(s) [5 originally cited] in MHNP (collection Chaudoir). Synonymy established by Jeannel (1931: 428).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="333" pageNumber="334">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Schaeffer" authorityYear="1915" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="333" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="333" pageNumber="334" start="start">Trechus</pageBreakToken>
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borealis
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</taxonomicName>
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Schaeffer, 1915a: 47. Type locality: "Battle Harbor, Labrador; Bay S[ain]t George, Newfoundland; New Jersey; Bellport, L[on]g Island [New York]" (original citation), restricted to "Battle Harbor, Labr[ador]" by Lindroth (1963b: 202). Syntype(s) in USNM (Lindroth 1963b: 202, though not listed by Erwin and House 1978). Synonymy established, under the name
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="333" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="apicalis" subSpecies="micans">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="333" pageNumber="334">Trechus apicalis micans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(LeConte), by Jeannel (1927: 172), confirmed by Lindroth (1963b: 202).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="333" pageNumber="334">
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="333" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallescens">Trechus pallescens</taxonomicName>
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Casey, 1918: 407. Replacement name for
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1847" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="333" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="333" pageNumber="334">Trechus fulvus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(LeConte 1847).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="333" pageNumber="334">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1918" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="333" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="puritanus">Trechus puritanus</taxonomicName>
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Casey, 1918: 407. Type locality: "Fall River [Bristol County], Massachusetts" (original citation). Lectotype (♂), designated by Lindroth (1975: 114), in USNM [# 46077]. Synonymy established, under the name
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="333" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="apicalis" subSpecies="micans">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="333" pageNumber="334">Trechus apicalis micans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(LeConte), by Jeannel (1927: 172), confirmed by Lindroth (1963b: 202).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="333" pageNumber="334">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1918" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="333" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhodensis">Trechus rhodensis</taxonomicName>
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Casey, 1918: 408. Type locality: "Boston Neck [Washington County], Rhode Island" (original citation). Lectotype (♂), designated by Lindroth (1975: 114), in USNM [# 46078]. Synonymy established, under the name
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="333" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="apicalis" subSpecies="micans">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="333" pageNumber="334">Trechus apicalis micans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(LeConte), by Jeannel (1927: 172), confirmed by Lindroth (1963b: 202).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="333" pageNumber="334">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1918" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="333" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brumalis">Trechus brumalis</taxonomicName>
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Casey, 1918: 408. Type locality: "W[est] S[ain]t Modest[e], Labrador" (original citation). Lectotype (♂), designated by Lindroth (1975: 114), in USNM [# 46079]. Synonymy established, under the name
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="333" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="apicalis" subSpecies="micans">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="333" pageNumber="334">Trechus apicalis micans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(LeConte), by Jeannel (1927: 172), confirmed by Lindroth (1963b: 202).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="333" pageNumber="334" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="333" pageNumber="334">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="333" pageNumber="334">
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This species ranges from Newfoundland (Lindroth 1955a: 78-79, as
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="333" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="apicalis" subSpecies="micans">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="333" pageNumber="334">Trechus apicalis micans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) to Alaska, south to southeastern British Columbia (Lindroth 1963b: 202), southern Colorado (Elias 1987: 632; Mineral County, UASM) along the Rocky Mountains, and northeastern West Virginia (Tucker County, CMNH). Also found in the Far East and on
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hokkaidō">Hokkaidō</normalizedToken>
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, Japan (Moravec et al. 2003: 326).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="333" pageNumber="334" type="records">
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<paragraph pageId="333" pageNumber="334">Records.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="333" pageNumber="334">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="333" pageNumber="334">FRA</emphasis>
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: PM
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="333" pageNumber="334">CAN</emphasis>
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: AB, BC, LB, MB, NB, NF, NS (CBI), NT, ON, PE, QC, SK, YT
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="333" pageNumber="334">USA</emphasis>
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: AK, CO, CT, IN, MA, ME, MI, MN, MT, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, VT, WI, WV -
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="333" pageNumber="334">Holarctic</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30922" pageId="333" pageNumber="334" start="Figure 21" startId="F21">
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<paragraph pageId="333" pageNumber="334">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="333" pageNumber="334">Figure 21.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1845" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="333" pageNumber="334" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="333" pageNumber="334">Trechus apicalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Motschulsky. This trechine species is "wing dimorphic" with the vast majority of individuals being micropterous (with short wing vestiges) and a few macropterous (with long wings). Usually macropterous individuals of dimorphic species are able to fly but this is not always the case as flight muscles could be atrophied. Carl Lindroth argued that in stable periods, when the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="species’">species'</normalizedToken>
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habitat is not subject to drastic changes, the brachypterous form normally predominates but in unstable periods, the situation is reversed.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |