369 lines
37 KiB
XML
369 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3265b06a-0db8-4bcd-9696-05db5838a97f" ID-PMC="PMC7813805" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1009-139" ID-Pensoft-UUID="67BE369624D8537A9CEC650DB1EBC416" ID-PubMed="33519258" ID-ZooBank="3E78899F3A6F4C21A6904375A15EA34A" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1009-139" checkinTime="1610662662252" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zhu, Pingzhou, Kavanaugh, David H. & Liang, Hongbin" docDate="2021" docId="73AC6D00B4355132BACC7E915B88F3B0" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1009: 139-151" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1009" docPubDate="2021-01-11" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515" docTitle="Xestopus gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="9BF90A02-37CD-4FF6-B5A2-5EF5F4C90A3D" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="67BE369624D8537A9CEC650DB1EBC416" lastPageNumber="139" masterDocId="67BE369624D8537A9CEC650DB1EBC416" masterDocTitle="Notes on the genus Xestopus from China, with description of a new species (Carabidae, Sphodrini, Dolichina)" masterLastPageNumber="151" masterPageNumber="139" pageNumber="139" updateTime="1668149680049" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Notes on the genus Xestopus from China, with description of a new species (Carabidae, Sphodrini, Dolichina)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zhu, Pingzhou</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2139-6764</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China & College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kavanaugh, David H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA & Research Professor, Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liang, Hongbin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">lianghb@ioz.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-01-11</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1009</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>139</mods:start>
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<mods:end>151</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1009-139</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3E78899F3A6F4C21A6904375A15EA34A</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">67BE369624D8537A9CEC650DB1EBC416</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="176584331" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9BF90A02-37CD-4FF6-B5A2-5EF5F4C90A3D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/73AC6D00B4355132BACC7E915B88F3B0" lastPageNumber="139" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/9BF90A02-37CD-4FF6-B5A2-5EF5F4C90A3D" authority="Zhu & Kavanaugh" authorityName="Zhu & Kavanaugh" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Xestopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xestopus gutangensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gutangensis" status="sp. nov.">Xestopus gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="139">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1, 2" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1, 2. Holotypes of Xestopus spp. 1 X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. (male, Xizang, IZAS) 2 X. cyaneus Sciaky & Facchini, 1997 (female, Xizang, CRS). Scale bar: 5.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515.figures1-2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/496215" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Figures 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 3–18" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 3 - 18. Morphological features of Xestopus spp. 3 - 6 holotype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 7 - 10 paratype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 11 - 18 X. cyaneus Sciaky & Facchini, 1997 3, 11 median lobe of aedeagus A dorsal view B left lateral view 4, 12 right paramere 5, 13 left paramere 6, 14 apex of left elytron 7, 15 endophallus A left lateral view B ventral view C right lateral view D dorsal view 8, 16 female reproductive system 9, 17 female tergum VIII 10, 18 female sternum VIII. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515.figures3-18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/496216" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">, 3-7</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 3–18" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 3 - 18. Morphological features of Xestopus spp. 3 - 6 holotype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 7 - 10 paratype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 11 - 18 X. cyaneus Sciaky & Facchini, 1997 3, 11 median lobe of aedeagus A dorsal view B left lateral view 4, 12 right paramere 5, 13 left paramere 6, 14 apex of left elytron 7, 15 endophallus A left lateral view B ventral view C right lateral view D dorsal view 8, 16 female reproductive system 9, 17 female tergum VIII 10, 18 female sternum VIII. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515.figures3-18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/496216" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">, 8-10</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 19. Distribution map for Xestopus from China: X. gutangensis sp. nov. (blue); X. cyaneus (red)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/496217" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">, 19</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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China, Xizang:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Mêdog">Medog</normalizedToken>
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(
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<geoCoordinate degrees="29.46414" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="29.46414">29.46414°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="95.73563" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="95.73563">95.73563°E</geoCoordinate>
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), altitude 2025 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Holotype</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Мale">Male</normalizedToken>
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(IZAS), body length = 16.9 mm, board mounted, genitalia dissected and glued on plastic film pinned under specimen, "Xizang, Nyingchi Prefecture,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Mêdog">Medog</normalizedToken>
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County, Gutang Township, Xingkai village,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="29.46414" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="29.46414">29.46414°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="95.73563" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="95.73563">95.73563°E</geoCoordinate>
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"; "2025 m, 2019.VIII.15 N, Liang H.B. & Xu Y. lgt., Institute of Zoology, IZAS"; "HOLOTYPE ♂
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Zhu & Kavanaugh" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Xestopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xestopus gutangensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gutangensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Xestopus gutangensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. des. ZHU & KAVANAUGH 2020" [red label].
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Paratypes</emphasis>
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(34 males and 45 females): one female (IZAS), "CHINA, Yunnan, Gongshan County, Dulongjiang Township, Bapo, 1412 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="27.73902" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.73902">27.73902°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="098.34975" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.34975">098.34975°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 26 October 2004, Stop # LHB-2004-033, H.-B. Liang collector"; 14 males and 13 females (CAS, IZAS), "CHINA, Yunnan, Gongshan County, Dulongjiang Township, Bapo, Mulangdang, 1355 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="27.75256" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.75256">27.75256°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="098.34745" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.34745">098.34745°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 4 November 2004, Stop # LHB-2004-046, H.-B. Liang collector"; one male and three females (CAS, IZAS), "CHINA, Yunnan, Gongshan County, Dulongjiang Township, 0.6 km N of Dizhengdang village on Dulong Jiang,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="28.08442" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="28.08442">28.08442°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="098.32652" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.32652">098.32652°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1880 m, 29 October 2004, Stop # DHK-2004-061B, D.H. Kavanaugh, G. Tang & D.-Z. Dong collectors"; three females (CAS, IZAS), "CHINA, Yunnan, Gongshan County, Dulongjiang Township, 0.6 km N of Dizhengdang village on Dulong Jiang,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="28.08442" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="28.08442">28.08442°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="098.32652" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.32652">098.32652°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1880 m, 30 October 2004, Stop # DHK-2004-064, D.H. Kavanaugh, G. Tang & D.-Z. Dong collectors"; one male and three females (CAS, IZAS), "CHINA, Yunnan, Gongshan County, Dulongjiang Township, west bank of Dulong Jiang at Elideng village, 1640 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="28.00287" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="28.00287">28.00287°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="098.32145" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.32145">098.32145°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 3 November 2004, Stop # DHK-2004-073, D.H. Kavanaugh, G. Tang & D.-Z. Dong collectors"; one male (CAS), "CHINA, Yunnan, Gongshan County, Dulongjiang Township, 0.5 km N of Kongdang, 1500 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="27.88111" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.88111">27.88111°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="098.34063" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.34063">098.34063°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 25 October 2004, Stop # DHK-2004-057B, D.H. Kavanaugh, H.-B. Liang & D.-Z. Dong collectors"; two males and three females (CAS, IZAS), "CHINA, Yunnan, Gongshan County, Dulongjiang Township, 0.5 km N of Kongdang, 1500 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="27.88111" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.88111">27.88111°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="098.34063" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.34063">098.34063°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 25 October 2004, Stop # DHK-2004-057C, D.H. Kavanaugh, Q.-B. Hou, H.-B. Liang, D.-Z. Dong & G. Tang collectors"; six males and eight females (CAS, IZAS), "CHINA, Yunnan, Gongshan County, Dulongjiang Township, Dulong Jiang at Xianjiudang village, 1580 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="27.94092" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.94092">27.94092°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="098.33340" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="98.3334">098.33340°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 4 November 2004, Stop # DHK-2004-074, D.H. Kavanaugh, M.A. Dixon, G. Tang & D.-Z. Dong collectors"; one male and five females (IZAS), the same collecting data as holotype; six males and four females (IZAS, CAS), "CHINA, Tibet, Bomi,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Yi’ong">Yi'ong</normalizedToken>
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, Tangmai bridge, Beach of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Yi’ong">Yi'ong</normalizedToken>
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Zangbo,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="30.09633" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="30.09633">30.09633°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="95.06577" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="95.06577">95.06577°E</geoCoordinate>
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"; "2035 m, 2006.8.30 N, Liang H.B., Song Z.S., Institute of Zoology, Chinese Acad. of Sciences"; one male and one female (IZAS), "CHINA, Xizang, Nyingchi, Bomi,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Yi’ong">Yi'ong</normalizedToken>
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, Tangmai bridge, Beach of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Yi’ong">Yi'ong</normalizedToken>
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Zangbo,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="30.09633" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="30.09633">30.09633°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="95.06577" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="95.06577">95.06577°E</geoCoordinate>
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"; "2035m, 2020.VIII.31 N, Liang H.B. & Zhang N. lgt., Institute of Zoology, Chinese Acad. of Sciences"; one male and one female (IZAS), "CHINA, Xizang, Nyingchi, Bomi,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Yi’ong">Yi'ong</normalizedToken>
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, Tangmai bridge, Beach of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Yi’ong">Yi'ong</normalizedToken>
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Zangbo,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="30.09633" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="30.09633">30.09633°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="95.06577" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="95.06577">95.06577°E</geoCoordinate>
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"; "2035 m, 2020.IX.1 N, Liang H.B. & Zhang N. lgt., Institute of Zoology, Chinese Acad. of Sciences"; All paratypes also bear the following label: "PARATYPE
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Zhu & Kavanaugh" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Xestopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xestopus gutangensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gutangensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Xestopus gutangensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. des. ZHU & KAVANAUGH 2020" [red label].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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Dorsum black, elytra with more or less bluish metallic luster. Anterior supraorbital setae present. Pronotum with lateral margins faintly sinuate before posterior angles. Apices of elytra rounded (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 3–18" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 3 - 18. Morphological features of Xestopus spp. 3 - 6 holotype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 7 - 10 paratype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 11 - 18 X. cyaneus Sciaky & Facchini, 1997 3, 11 median lobe of aedeagus A dorsal view B left lateral view 4, 12 right paramere 5, 13 left paramere 6, 14 apex of left elytron 7, 15 endophallus A left lateral view B ventral view C right lateral view D dorsal view 8, 16 female reproductive system 9, 17 female tergum VIII 10, 18 female sternum VIII. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515.figures3-18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/496216" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">6</figureCitation>
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). Hind wings full-sized. Metepisternum long and narrow.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="comparisons">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Comparisons.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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This new species is most similar to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Sciaky & Facchini" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Xestopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xestopus cyaneus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyaneus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Xestopus cyaneus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, sharing the bluish elytra and full-sized hind wings, which are distinctive features in the genus.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="X. gutangensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="gutangensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">X. gutangensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. can be readily distinguished from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="X. cyaneus" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="cyaneus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">X. cyaneus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by: (1) anterior pair of supraorbital setae present; (2) apices of elytra rounded; (3) apical lamella of median lobe strongly bent ventrally like a hook; (4) endophallus without a densely setose area on left side; (5) gonocoxite II of female ovipositor very long. Supernumerary setae have been found in some
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<taxonomicName lsidName="X. gutangensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="gutangensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">X. gutangensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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specimens in the area of the posterior supraorbital setae, on the pronotal lateral margins and posterior angles, and on the external margin of gonocoxite II (as ensiform setae). These additional setae were not observed on any of the specimens of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="X. cyaneus" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="cyaneus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">X. cyaneus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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that we examined.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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BL = 15.7-18.0 mm, BW = 6.4-7.8 mm. Dorsum (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1, 2" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1, 2. Holotypes of Xestopus spp. 1 X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. (male, Xizang, IZAS) 2 X. cyaneus Sciaky & Facchini, 1997 (female, Xizang, CRS). Scale bar: 5.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515.figures1-2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/496215" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">1</figureCitation>
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) black, elytra with more or less bluish metallic luster, very faint in some specimens; appendages dark, antennomeres 4-11, labial and maxillary palpi, apex of mouthparts and tarsomeres dark brown; venter black, without metallic luster. Head, pronotum and elytra with strong isodiametric microsculpture.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515.figures1-2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/496215" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" start="Figures 1, 2" startId="F1">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Figures 1, 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotypes of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Andrewes" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Xestopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xestopus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Xestopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">1</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="X. gutangensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="gutangensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">X. gutangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. (male, Xizang, IZAS)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">2</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="X. cyaneus" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="cyaneus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">X. cyaneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sciaky & Facchini, 1997 (female, Xizang, CRS). Scale bar: 5.0 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Head</emphasis>
|
||
with vertex smooth; frontal impressions shallow and curved, in front of eyes; clypeus with anterior margin faintly emarginate; labrum with anterior margin straight; temporae slightly swollen behind eyes; both anterior and posterior pairs of supraorbital setae present (two pairs of posterior supraorbital setae present in a few specimens); antennae long and slender, extended to basal one-third of elytra.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Pronotum</emphasis>
|
||
cordiform, slightly transverse, PW/PL = 1.38-1.55, widest near anterior quarter; anterior margin markedly concave, slightly wider than basal margin, PAW/PBW = 1.13-1.33, lateral margins broadly rounded before middle, then distinctly narrowed to base, faintly sinuate before posterior angles, PW/PBW = 1.31-1.50, lateral margins with one pair of setae at widest points and posterior angles respectively (with an additional seta on one or both sides and at either or both widest points and posterior angles), basal margin straight; anterior angles rounded, moderately extended forward, posterior angles distinctly obtuse; disc glabrous, gently convex; median line fine but clearly defined; basal fovea large and deep, without punctures but with some wrinkles; lateral explanations very wide and impunctate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Elytra</emphasis>
|
||
wide, EL/EW = 1.44-1.59, moderately dilated towards apex, widest near posterior third, apices rounded; basal margination complete and straight; humeral angles rounded, without teeth; intervals moderately convex, striae shallow and impunctate; parascutellar striae well developed and short, between suture and stria 1; parascutellar pores present; interval 3 without setigerous pores; umbilicate series on interval 9 composed of approximately 25 setigerous pores, continuous in middle. Hind wings fully sized.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Venter</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Propleuron, mesoepisternum, and metepisternum glabrous, metepisternum long and narrow; all abdominal sternites with a few shallow wrinkles laterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
long and slender, all tarsi smooth, claws distinctly denticulate in basal half.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Median lobe (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 3–18" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 3 - 18. Morphological features of Xestopus spp. 3 - 6 holotype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 7 - 10 paratype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 11 - 18 X. cyaneus Sciaky & Facchini, 1997 3, 11 median lobe of aedeagus A dorsal view B left lateral view 4, 12 right paramere 5, 13 left paramere 6, 14 apex of left elytron 7, 15 endophallus A left lateral view B ventral view C right lateral view D dorsal view 8, 16 female reproductive system 9, 17 female tergum VIII 10, 18 female sternum VIII. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515.figures3-18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/496216" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 3–18" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 3 - 18. Morphological features of Xestopus spp. 3 - 6 holotype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 7 - 10 paratype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 11 - 18 X. cyaneus Sciaky & Facchini, 1997 3, 11 median lobe of aedeagus A dorsal view B left lateral view 4, 12 right paramere 5, 13 left paramere 6, 14 apex of left elytron 7, 15 endophallus A left lateral view B ventral view C right lateral view D dorsal view 8, 16 female reproductive system 9, 17 female tergum VIII 10, 18 female sternum VIII. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515.figures3-18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/496216" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">7</figureCitation>
|
||
) long, slender, and straight but slightly bent ventrally; apical orifice opened dorsally, very long and wide, from basal bulb to apical lamella; in dorsal view (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 3–18" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 3 - 18. Morphological features of Xestopus spp. 3 - 6 holotype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 7 - 10 paratype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 11 - 18 X. cyaneus Sciaky & Facchini, 1997 3, 11 median lobe of aedeagus A dorsal view B left lateral view 4, 12 right paramere 5, 13 left paramere 6, 14 apex of left elytron 7, 15 endophallus A left lateral view B ventral view C right lateral view D dorsal view 8, 16 female reproductive system 9, 17 female tergum VIII 10, 18 female sternum VIII. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515.figures3-18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/496216" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
), left and right margins both straight, apical lamella long, length about twice its basal width, apex rounded; in left lateral view (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 3–18" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 3 - 18. Morphological features of Xestopus spp. 3 - 6 holotype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 7 - 10 paratype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 11 - 18 X. cyaneus Sciaky & Facchini, 1997 3, 11 median lobe of aedeagus A dorsal view B left lateral view 4, 12 right paramere 5, 13 left paramere 6, 14 apex of left elytron 7, 15 endophallus A left lateral view B ventral view C right lateral view D dorsal view 8, 16 female reproductive system 9, 17 female tergum VIII 10, 18 female sternum VIII. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515.figures3-18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/496216" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">3B</figureCitation>
|
||
), ventral margin weakly expanded in the middle, apical portion slightly bent dorsally and then strongly bent ventrally like a hook at apex. Left paramere (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 3–18" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 3 - 18. Morphological features of Xestopus spp. 3 - 6 holotype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 7 - 10 paratype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 11 - 18 X. cyaneus Sciaky & Facchini, 1997 3, 11 median lobe of aedeagus A dorsal view B left lateral view 4, 12 right paramere 5, 13 left paramere 6, 14 apex of left elytron 7, 15 endophallus A left lateral view B ventral view C right lateral view D dorsal view 8, 16 female reproductive system 9, 17 female tergum VIII 10, 18 female sternum VIII. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515.figures3-18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/496216" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">5</figureCitation>
|
||
) large and round, with a membranous filament at apex. Right paramere (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 3–18" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 3 - 18. Morphological features of Xestopus spp. 3 - 6 holotype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 7 - 10 paratype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 11 - 18 X. cyaneus Sciaky & Facchini, 1997 3, 11 median lobe of aedeagus A dorsal view B left lateral view 4, 12 right paramere 5, 13 left paramere 6, 14 apex of left elytron 7, 15 endophallus A left lateral view B ventral view C right lateral view D dorsal view 8, 16 female reproductive system 9, 17 female tergum VIII 10, 18 female sternum VIII. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515.figures3-18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/496216" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">4</figureCitation>
|
||
) markedly styloid and curved, the angle between basal portion and apical portion near 90°; apical portion moderately bent ventrally, apical hook rounded. Endophallus (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 3–18" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 3 - 18. Morphological features of Xestopus spp. 3 - 6 holotype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 7 - 10 paratype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 11 - 18 X. cyaneus Sciaky & Facchini, 1997 3, 11 median lobe of aedeagus A dorsal view B left lateral view 4, 12 right paramere 5, 13 left paramere 6, 14 apex of left elytron 7, 15 endophallus A left lateral view B ventral view C right lateral view D dorsal view 8, 16 female reproductive system 9, 17 female tergum VIII 10, 18 female sternum VIII. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515.figures3-18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/496216" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">7</figureCitation>
|
||
) simple, with only a single large lobe, straight, extended right at an angle of about 30° relative to longitudinal axis of the median lobe in dorsal view (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 3–18" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 3 - 18. Morphological features of Xestopus spp. 3 - 6 holotype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 7 - 10 paratype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 11 - 18 X. cyaneus Sciaky & Facchini, 1997 3, 11 median lobe of aedeagus A dorsal view B left lateral view 4, 12 right paramere 5, 13 left paramere 6, 14 apex of left elytron 7, 15 endophallus A left lateral view B ventral view C right lateral view D dorsal view 8, 16 female reproductive system 9, 17 female tergum VIII 10, 18 female sternum VIII. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515.figures3-18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/496216" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">7D</figureCitation>
|
||
); surface smooth, without setae or scales; gonopore and gonopore lobe folded in this specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515.figures3-18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/496216" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" start="Figures 3–18" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Figures 3-18.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphological features of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Andrewes" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Xestopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xestopus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Xestopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">3-6</emphasis>
|
||
holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="X. gutangensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="gutangensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">X. gutangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">7-10</emphasis>
|
||
paratype of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="X. gutangensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="gutangensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">X. gutangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">11-18</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="X. cyaneus" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="cyaneus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">X. cyaneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sciaky & Facchini, 1997
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">3, 11</emphasis>
|
||
median lobe of aedeagus
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">A</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">B</emphasis>
|
||
left lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">4, 12</emphasis>
|
||
right paramere
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">5, 13</emphasis>
|
||
left paramere
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">6, 14</emphasis>
|
||
apex of left elytron
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">7, 15</emphasis>
|
||
endophallus
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">A</emphasis>
|
||
left lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">B</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">C</emphasis>
|
||
right lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">D</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">8, 16</emphasis>
|
||
female reproductive system
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">9, 17</emphasis>
|
||
female tergum VIII
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">10, 18</emphasis>
|
||
female sternum VIII. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 3–18" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 3 - 18. Morphological features of Xestopus spp. 3 - 6 holotype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 7 - 10 paratype of X. gutangensis Zhu & Kavanaugh, sp. nov. 11 - 18 X. cyaneus Sciaky & Facchini, 1997 3, 11 median lobe of aedeagus A dorsal view B left lateral view 4, 12 right paramere 5, 13 left paramere 6, 14 apex of left elytron 7, 15 endophallus A left lateral view B ventral view C right lateral view D dorsal view 8, 16 female reproductive system 9, 17 female tergum VIII 10, 18 female sternum VIII. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515.figures3-18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/496216" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">8-10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gonocoxite II of ovipositor very long, length about four times basal width, with one ensiform seta at external margin in most specimens (two ensiform setae in a few specimens and ensiform seta very small in some specimens), sensory pit of apical gonocoxite absent. Bursa copulatrix very large, rounded. Spermatheca moderately long and tube-like, length about five times maximum width.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Distribution</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 19. Distribution map for Xestopus from China: X. gutangensis sp. nov. (blue); X. cyaneus (red)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1009.61515.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/496217" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">19</figureCitation>
|
||
). This species is known from Bomi and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mêdog">Medog</normalizedToken>
|
||
counties, Xizang, and from the northern part of the Dulongjiang valley in Gongshan County, Yunnan.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
||
The new species is named for Gutang Township, where the type locality,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mêdog">Medog</normalizedToken>
|
||
, is located.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="affinities">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Affinities.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
||
Among all
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Andrewes" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Xestopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xestopus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Xestopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, only
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="X. gutangensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="gutangensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">X. gutangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="X. cyaneus" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="cyaneus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">X. cyaneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have the bluish elytra and full-sized hind wings. Thus, a close relationship of these two species is likely, and the absence of anterior supraorbital setae in the latter is clearly apomorphic within the genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |