184 lines
20 KiB
XML
184 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="0216D171713F986351276EEC9337FC8B" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.196847" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5e5a206b-9cfe-4bde-bc1d-4de509a3a4e9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="196847" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460254280575" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pitts, James P., Wilson, Joseph S., Williams, Kevin A. & Boehme, Nicole F." docDate="2010" docId="504687FBC746FFB8FF65FE693A7CFB1D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02553p034.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2553" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Sphaeropthalma tetracuspis Schuster" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="28" masterDocId="AC7FFF83C75DFFA3FFF2FFF4397FFF89" masterDocTitle="Nocturnal velvet ant males (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) of Deep Canyon, California including four new species and a fifth new species from Owens Lake Valley, California" masterLastPageNumber="34" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1698243197414" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="34AC5C0CD2DD390A9CDD8E8DFFB46C0C">Nocturnal velvet ant males (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) of Deep Canyon, California including four new species and a fifth new species from Owens Lake Valley, California</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A6D22EFB6124EBD326C3AEADED4C2B23" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="B19CEEDD4E474A6C60B55939B022E03F">Pitts, James P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A0E07EB29CF6CF4C30029855650A9BC8">Wilson, Joseph S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="58853CA75B2F85B416F0AAE0253DCE8F">Williams, Kevin A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="0E95C872FD77CACC2778CDADF699200F" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D503D96815EE98B45B365A5F63C1FE2A">Boehme, Nicole F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D055B73FC889DDC3AACBDC0B6E18776A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="FABCD49D3CA976FCEECB639DB7F3F50F">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="22B5E67E1F2216D9A85D4C2C5714D793" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="6E188D2D775E6B212FA25305C788A8D4">2553</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="61DB9BF90265B01539C5D34489AB2109" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.196847</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="04E9B323FBD0935CC958C3D56D988795" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4B138E387354F102A632E718207514DC" type="Zenodo-Dep">196847</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="504687FBC746FFB8FF65FE693A7CFB1D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5670812" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119392247" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5670812" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:504687FBC746FFB8FF65FE693A7CFB1D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/504687FBC746FFB8FF65FE693A7CFB1D" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<subSubSection id="90F56566C746FFB8FF65FE693B22FE3E" box="[151,605,413,439]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D85036EDC746FFB8FF65FE693B22FE3E" blockId="27.[151,605,413,439]" box="[151,605,413,439]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<heading id="83188181C746FFB8FF65FE693B22FE3E" bold="true" box="[151,605,413,439]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="1FEF4D6EC746FFB8FF65FE693B22FE3E" authority="Schuster" authorityName="Schuster" box="[151,605,413,439]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetracuspis">
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||
<emphasis id="EA9BEAFFC746FFB8FF65FE693B22FE3E" bold="true" box="[151,605,413,439]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="EA9BEAFFC746FFB8FF65FE693897FE3E" bold="true" box="[151,488,413,439]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Sphaeropthalma tetracuspis</emphasis>
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Schuster
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="90F56566C746FFB8FF65FE113AAAFD95" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="D85036EDC746FFB8FF65FE113AAAFD95" blockId="27.[151,1436,485,540]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<taxonomicName id="1FEF4D6EC746FFB8FF65FE113B8FFE75" authority="Schuster, 1958" authorityName="Schuster" authorityYear="1958" box="[151,752,485,508]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetracuspis" subGenus="Photopsis">
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<emphasis id="EA9BEAFFC746FFB8FF65FE113839FE75" box="[151,326,485,508]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Sphaeropthalma</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="EA9BEAFFC746FFB8FEA5FE1138BFFE75" box="[343,448,485,508]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Photopsis</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="EA9BEAFFC746FFB8FE23FE113B39FE75" box="[465,582,485,508]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">tetracuspis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="BC7E4B1CC746FFB8FDBCFE113B8FFE75" author="Schuster" box="[590,752,485,508]" pageId="27" pageNumber="34" refString="Schuster, R. M. (1958) A revision of the sphaeropthalmine Mutillidae of America north of Mexico. II. Entomologica Americana, 37, 1 - 130." type="journal article" year="1958">Schuster, 1958</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Ent. Amer. (n. s.) 37: 31. Male.
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<typeStatus id="0754884FC746FFB8FBABFE113DC3FE75" box="[1113,1212,485,508]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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data: San Fernando, Lower California,
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<collectingCountry id="A0F8767DC746FFB8FE7FFDF1389EFD95" box="[397,481,517,540]" name="Mexico" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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,
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<date id="AC51102DC746FFB8FE19FDF13B15FD95" box="[491,618,517,540]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1938-07-31">31.Jul.1938</date>
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, Michelbacher and Ross (CASC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="90F56566C746FFB8FF65FDBE3A4FFD73" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="D85036EDC746FFB8FF65FDBE3A4FFD73" blockId="27.[151,1437,586,1172]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="EA9BEAFFC746FFB8FF65FDBE38F9FDED" bold="true" box="[151,390,586,612]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Diagnosis of male.</emphasis>
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It can be recognized by having mandibles that are weakly excised ventrally with an indistinct basal tooth and an apex that is tetradentate and oblique (
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<figureCitation id="40D42A68C746FFB8FC52FD843A89FD03" box="[928,1014,624,650]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 31" captionStartId="13.[151,274,1360,1384]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,194,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,194,1338]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 31. Head, anterior view. 25. Sphaeropthalma. megagnathos; 26. S. mendica; 27. S. pallida; 28. S. sublobata; 29. S. tetracuspis; 30. S. triangularis; and 31. S. yumaella." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196850/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
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) and is similar in shape to that of
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<taxonomicName id="1FEF4D6EC746FFB8FA74FD843984FD27" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Agama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mendica">
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<emphasis id="EA9BEAFFC746FFB8FA74FD843984FD27" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">S. mendica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="40D42A68C746FFB8FEFEFD613819FD26" box="[268,358,661,687]" captionStart="FIGURES 49 – 58" captionStartId="18.[151,270,1727,1751]" captionTargetBox="[156,1435,303,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,293,1706]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 49 – 58. Acanthophotopsis falciformis: 49. Genitalia, lateral view (from Tanner & Pitts 2009). Dilophotopsis paron: 50. Genitalia, ventral, dorsal, inner lateral view, and lateral view of penis valve; and 51. Mesosoma, oblique ventral view (from Wilson & Pitts 2008). Sphaeropthalma amphion: 52. Genitalia, dorsal, inner lateral view, and lateral view of penis valve (from Pitts et al. 2004). Sphaeropthalma angulifera: 53. Genitalia, dorsal, inner lateral view, and lateral view of penis valve (from Wilson & Pitts 2009). Mandible, anterior view: 54. Sphaeropthalma angulifera; and 55. Sphaeropthalma mendica (from Wilson & Pitts 2009). Sphaeropthalma ferruginea: 56. Genitalia, ventral view left, dorsal view right. Sphaeropthalma ignacio: 57. Genitalia, ventral view left, dorsal view right. Sphaeropthalma macswaini: 56. Genitalia, inner lateral view left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196854/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
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), the posterior margin of the head is quadrate, the mesosternal lacks processes, the second metasomal sternite has a distinct felt line, and the pygidium is granulate. The genitalia (Fig. 63) are similar to those of
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<taxonomicName id="1FEF4D6EC746FFB8FF0EFD1438ECFD70" box="[252,403,736,761]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulifera">
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<emphasis id="EA9BEAFFC746FFB8FF0EFD1438ECFD70" box="[252,403,736,761]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">S. angulifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="40D42A68C746FFB8FE51FD143887FD73" box="[419,504,736,762]" captionStart="FIGURES 49 – 58" captionStartId="18.[151,270,1727,1751]" captionTargetBox="[156,1435,303,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,293,1706]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 49 – 58. Acanthophotopsis falciformis: 49. Genitalia, lateral view (from Tanner & Pitts 2009). Dilophotopsis paron: 50. Genitalia, ventral, dorsal, inner lateral view, and lateral view of penis valve; and 51. Mesosoma, oblique ventral view (from Wilson & Pitts 2008). Sphaeropthalma amphion: 52. Genitalia, dorsal, inner lateral view, and lateral view of penis valve (from Pitts et al. 2004). Sphaeropthalma angulifera: 53. Genitalia, dorsal, inner lateral view, and lateral view of penis valve (from Wilson & Pitts 2009). Mandible, anterior view: 54. Sphaeropthalma angulifera; and 55. Sphaeropthalma mendica (from Wilson & Pitts 2009). Sphaeropthalma ferruginea: 56. Genitalia, ventral view left, dorsal view right. Sphaeropthalma ignacio: 57. Genitalia, ventral view left, dorsal view right. Sphaeropthalma macswaini: 56. Genitalia, inner lateral view left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196854/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
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) and
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<taxonomicName id="1FEF4D6EC746FFB8FDC8FD143BC5FD70" box="[570,698,736,761]" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Agama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mendica">
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<emphasis id="EA9BEAFFC746FFB8FDC8FD143BC5FD70" box="[570,698,736,761]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">S. mendica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 60).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="90F56566C746FFB8FF37FCF138D8FC96" box="[197,423,773,799]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D85036EDC746FFB8FF37FCF138D8FC96" blockId="27.[151,1437,586,1172]" box="[197,423,773,799]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="EA9BEAFFC746FFB8FF37FCF1385AFC97" box="[197,293,773,798]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Female.</emphasis>
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Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="90F56566C746FFB8FF37FCDE3B8EFCE3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="D85036EDC746FFB8FF37FCDE3B8EFCE3" blockId="27.[151,1437,586,1172]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="EA9BEAFFC746FFB8FF37FCDE3B13FCCD" bold="true" box="[197,620,810,836]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Material examined. California</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis id="EA9BEAFFC746FFB8FD8DFCDE3A45FCCA" box="[639,826,810,835]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Riverside Co.,</emphasis>
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Deep Canyon:
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<specimenCount id="CEE9FD64C746FFB8FBFAFCDE3D0EFCCD" box="[1032,1137,810,836]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
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, 13.
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<date id="AC51102DC746FFB8FB51FCDE3C33FCCD" box="[1187,1356,810,836]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1963-05-01">
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May.1963,
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<specimenCount id="CEE9FD64C746FFB8FACEFCDE3C33FCCD" box="[1340,1356,810,836]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="male">1</specimenCount>
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</date>
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male, 16.
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<date id="AC51102DC746FFB8FF45FCA43830FCE3" box="[183,335,848,874]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1963-05-01">
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May.1963,
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<specimenCount id="CEE9FD64C746FFB8FEB2FCA43830FCE3" box="[320,335,848,874]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="male">1</specimenCount>
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</date>
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male,
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<date id="AC51102DC746FFB8FE6FFCA43B45FCE3" box="[413,570,848,874]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1963-05-24">24.May.1963</date>
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, coll. M. Irwin.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="90F56566C746FFB8FF37FC813D66FC06" box="[197,1049,885,911]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="D85036EDC746FFB8FF37FC813D66FC06" blockId="27.[151,1437,586,1172]" box="[197,1049,885,911]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="EA9BEAFFC746FFB8FF37FC81381AFC06" bold="true" box="[197,357,885,911]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Distribution.</emphasis>
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The western Sonoran Desert into Baja California,
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<collectingCountry id="A0F8767DC746FFB8FC4AFC813D6AFC06" box="[952,1045,885,911]" name="Mexico" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="90F56566C746FFB8FF37FC6E3A7CFB1D" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="D85036EDC746FFB8FF37FC6E3BF1FC53" blockId="27.[151,1437,586,1172]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="EA9BEAFFC746FFB8FF37FC6E383BFC3D" bold="true" box="[197,324,922,948]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Remarks.</emphasis>
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This species is in the
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<taxonomicName id="1FEF4D6EC746FFB8FDADFC6E3B95FC3A" box="[607,746,922,947]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">
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<emphasis id="EA9BEAFFC746FFB8FDADFC6E3B95FC3A" box="[607,746,922,947]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">S. unicolor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species-group along with
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<emphasis id="EA9BEAFFC746FFB8FBC5FC6E38AFFC50" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<taxonomicName id="1FEF4D6EC746FFB8FBC5FC6E3DA2FC3A" box="[1079,1245,922,947]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulifera">S. angulifera</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="1FEF4D6EC746FFB8FB18FC6E3C08FC3A" box="[1258,1399,922,947]" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Agama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mendica">S. mendica</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="1FEF4D6EC746FFB8FA77FC6E398DFC50" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinalea">S. pinalea</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="1FEF4D6EC746FFB8FF0FFC3438AFFC50" box="[253,464,960,985]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subtriangularis">S. subtriangularis</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1FEF4D6EC746FFB8FDFAFC343BF7FC50" box="[520,648,960,985]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="EA9BEAFFC746FFB8FDFAFC343BF7FC50" box="[520,648,960,985]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">S. unicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D85036EDC746FFB8FF37FC113A7CFB1D" blockId="27.[151,1437,586,1172]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
This species is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1FEF4D6EC746FFB8FE1CFC113B11FC77" box="[494,622,997,1022]" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Agama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mendica">
|
||
<emphasis id="EA9BEAFFC746FFB8FE1CFC113B11FC77" box="[494,622,997,1022]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">S. mendica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and differences in their genitalia are difficult to distinguish, although the cuspis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1FEF4D6EC746FFB8FEC6FBFE38ACFBAA" box="[308,467,1034,1059]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetracuspis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EA9BEAFFC746FFB8FEC6FBFE38ACFBAA" box="[308,467,1034,1059]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">S. tetracuspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems to be longer. Besides the differences in the mandibles of these two species, the clypeus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1FEF4D6EC746FFB8FEBFFBC4388BFBC0" box="[333,500,1072,1097]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetracuspis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EA9BEAFFC746FFB8FEBFFBC4388BFBC0" box="[333,500,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">S. tetracuspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinctive, the posterior portion pushed forward and the anterior portion shortened. Laterally the clypeus looks curved almost in a ‘C’ shape. The clypeus of the other members of this group is flat anteriorly and gently curved posteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |