plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/4B/99/77/4B99771A347951A8A7AA2DAF8EDE8FD2.xml
maintenance f8962a6d73 added 4B
2024-06-21 12:35:44 +02:00

380 lines
29 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096" ID-GBIF-Dataset="198e8274-9e29-44c2-91cf-6d056c99c05e" ID-PMC="PMC8816832" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1084-101" ID-Pensoft-UUID="4E6F8344BE325B81AA36693DEA15C87A" ID-PubMed="35177947" ID-ZooBank="96254C0820EB4F26AB2EDBC62983DA4E" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1084-101" checkinTime="1643459652268" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zheng, Yan-Na, Cai, Xin-Ru &amp; Ma, Li-Bin" docDate="2022" docId="4B99771A347951A8A7AA2DAF8EDE8FD2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1084: 101-117" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1084" docPubDate="2022-01-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096" docTitle="Velarifictorus zhengi Zheng &amp; Ma 2022, sp.nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="160DF768-6BE9-4845-B8AE-AC1897B84F37" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="3" id="4E6F8344BE325B81AA36693DEA15C87A" lastPageNumber="101" masterDocId="4E6F8344BE325B81AA36693DEA15C87A" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of Landrevus species group of Velarifictorus Randell, 1964 (Orthoptera, Gryllidae, Gryllinae) with one new species and morphological diversity of Velarifictorus flavifrons Chopard, 1966" masterLastPageNumber="117" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="101" updateTime="1668151434309" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Taxonomy of Landrevus species group of Velarifictorus Randell, 1964 (Orthoptera, Gryllidae, Gryllinae) with one new species and morphological diversity of Velarifictorus flavifrons Chopard, 1966</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zheng, Yan-Na</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Cai, Xin-Ru</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ma, Li-Bin</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8556-7158</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">libinma@foxmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-01-28</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1084</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>101</mods:start>
<mods:end>117</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1084-101</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">96254C0820EB4F26AB2EDBC62983DA4E</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">4E6F8344BE325B81AA36693DEA15C87A</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="193081060" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:160DF768-6BE9-4845-B8AE-AC1897B84F37" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4B99771A347951A8A7AA2DAF8EDE8FD2" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/160DF768-6BE9-4845-B8AE-AC1897B84F37" authority="Zheng &amp; Ma" authorityName="Zheng &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Velarifictorus zhengi" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhengi" status="sp.nov.">Velarifictorus zhengi Zheng &amp; Ma</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="101">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Velarifictorus zhengi sp. nov. Habitus (alive) in field A male B female (photographed by Zhixin He)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639212" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
:
<normalizedToken originalValue="郑氏斗蟋">郑氏斗蟋</normalizedToken>
Figures 1
</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bodies of Velarifictorus zhengi sp. nov. A male B female. Scale bars: 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639213" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Genitalia of Velarifictorus zhengi sp. nov. A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639214" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Calling song of Velarifictorus zhengi sp. nov. A oscillogram of chirp (amplitude versus time) B oscillogram of pulse (amplitude versus time) C spectrogram (frequency versus time)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639215" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Front view of heads of Velarifictorus A, D V. zhengi sp. nov. B, E V. landrevus C, F V. flavifrons A-C male D-F female." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639219" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 8A, D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Dorsal view of heads and pronotum of Velarifictorus A, D V. zhengi sp. nov. B, E V. landrevus C, F V. flavifrons A-C male D-F female." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639220" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 9A, D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Lateral view of heads of Velarifictorus A, D V. zhengi sp. nov. B, E V. landrevus C, F V. flavifrons A-C male D-F female." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639221" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 10A, D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Right tegmina of Velarifictorus A, D V. zhengi sp. nov. B, E V. landrevus C, F V. flavifrons A-C male D-F female." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639224" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 13A, D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Ovipositor of Velarifictorus A, B V. zhengi sp. nov. C, D V. landrevus E, F V. flavifrons A, C, E inside of ovipositor B, D, F outside of ovipositor." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639225" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 14A, B</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Holotype</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Male. China: Yunnan,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pu’er">Pu'er</normalizedToken>
, Meizihu Park, 22°74.6'N, 100°97.6'E, Ⅷ-18-2021, Zhixin He, Ning Wang, and Wei Yuan leg. (SUUN);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Paratypes</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
4 males and 8 females. China: Yunnan,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pu’er">Pu'er</normalizedToken>
, Meizihu Park, 22°74.6'N, 100°97.6'E, Ⅷ-18-2021, Zhixin He, Ning Wang, and Wei Yuan leg. (SUUN). All specimens were found in leaf litter.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639212" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zheng &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Velarifictorus zhengi" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhengi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Velarifictorus zhengi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. Habitus (alive) in field
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A</emphasis>
male
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">B</emphasis>
female (photographed by Zhixin He).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Measurements.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
Male (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">n</emphasis>
= 5)
</emphasis>
: BL 15.73
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.14, HL 3.63
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.31, HW 5.47
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.08, PL 3.09
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.03, PW 5.32
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.12, FWL 7.17
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.09, HTL 10.44
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.68;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
Female (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">n</emphasis>
= 8)
</emphasis>
: BL 16.93
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.72, HL 3.11
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.53, HW 4.85
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.13, PL 3.14
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.03, PW 5.00
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.24, FWL 2.50
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.03, HTL 10.94
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.61, OL 13.00
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.09.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639213" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Bodies of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zheng &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Velarifictorus zhengi" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhengi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Velarifictorus zhengi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A</emphasis>
male
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">B</emphasis>
female. Scale bars: 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Prof. Zhe-Min Zheng passed away on 16 September 2021. He was a well-known orthopterist in China, and he made outstanding contributions to the taxonomy of Chinese grasshoppers. To honor him, we named this new species after him.</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639214" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Genitalia of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zheng &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Velarifictorus zhengi" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhengi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Velarifictorus zhengi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A</emphasis>
dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">B</emphasis>
lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">C</emphasis>
ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Male</emphasis>
: vertex broad and flattened, rather inclined. Occiput bright, slightly convex and somewhat wider than pronotum. Frontal rostrum convex, inclined dorsally and ventrally, and nearly three times wider than antennal scape. Antennal scape shield-like. Ocelli transversely ovoid, almost equal in size. Eyes slightly convex, about 1/4 length of head. Postclypeus shaped as a narrow band, lower margin concave; anteclypeus shaped as a broad shield. Labrum shaped as rhombus, apical margin slightly round. End section of maxillary palpi is about 2/3 length of the third section; end section of labial palpi depressed and widened, almost equal to the total length of all other sections.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="F1EDE6B4EF63E0CFD14479D4611E5C37" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/F1EDE6B4EF63E0CFD14479D4611E5C37" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Table 1.</emphasis>
Descriptive statistics of acoustic parameters in calling song samples of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zheng &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Velarifictorus zhengi" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhengi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Velarifictorus zhengi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<th colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">-</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">n</emphasis>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">minimum</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">maximum</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">mean</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">std</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Chirp interval</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">26</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">0.181</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">3.289</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">1.735</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">1.554</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Chirp duration</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">26</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">0.115</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">0.191</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">0.153</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">0.042</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Chirp period</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">26</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">1.296</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">3.480</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">1.888</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">1.596</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Chirp elements</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">26</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">1</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Pulse interval</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">26</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">0.010</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">0.022</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">0.016</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">0.006</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Pulse duration</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">26</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">0.031</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">0.029</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">0.030</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">0.001</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Pulse period</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">26</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">0.041</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">0.051</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">0.046</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">0.007</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">Peak frequency</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">26</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">3.898</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">6.171</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">5.035</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" rowspan="1">1.137</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<tableNote pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
The time and frequency parameters are in seconds and kHz respectively.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">n</emphasis>
= number of samples analyzed; std= standard deviation.
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Pronotum broad and flattened. Median groove of pronotal disc distinct. Posterior margin straight and middle of anterior margin concaved inside, and both margins almost equal in width.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Tegmina reaching eighth abdominal tergite. Oblique veins bifurcated proximally, and each branch of them connected to CuA vein. Three chord veins, connecting to proximal part of mirror by two transverse veins. Mirror shield-like, about twice wider than basal field. Dividing vein absent. Apical field narrow and almost 1/4 length of mirror.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Outer tympanum larger than the inner, inner tympanum oval; outer tympanum elongate-oval. Hind tibiae armed with dorsal spurs (numbered 5:6) almost equal in length; and apical spurs outside three (the dorsal one longest and about two times longer than the dorsal spurs, ventral one about half length of the dorsal, the middle one slightly longer than the dorsal) and inner two (equal in length and about 2/3 length of the dorsal).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="genitalia">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Genitalia.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Lateral lobes of epiphallus sheet-like, tapering, apically acute, and armed with pilose at the apex. Middle lobe of epiphallus angularity forming an obtuse angle and apically rounded, about 1/3 length of lateral lobes. Ectoparamere stripe-like, tapering, and about 2.5 times longer than epiphallic lateral lobes.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="calling song">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Calling song.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
Chirps lasting from 1.296 to 3.480 s (mean 1.888), and their duration vary from 0.115 to 0.191 s (mean 0.153). Each chirp equally contains four pulses (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Calling song of Velarifictorus zhengi sp. nov. A oscillogram of chirp (amplitude versus time) B oscillogram of pulse (amplitude versus time) C spectrogram (frequency versus time)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639215" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">4B</figureCitation>
). The peak frequency is between 3.898 and 6.171 kHz (mean 5.035), and the average temperature is 28.0 °C. In terms of spectro-temporal variation, its frequency modulation is inclined downward, which is obvious in the second harmonic.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639215" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Calling song of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zheng &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Velarifictorus zhengi" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhengi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Velarifictorus zhengi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A</emphasis>
oscillogram of chirp (amplitude versus time)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">B</emphasis>
oscillogram of pulse (amplitude versus time)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">C</emphasis>
spectrogram (frequency versus time).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Female.</emphasis>
Resembles the male. Head almost as wide as pronotum. Tegmen extends anteriorly to the second abdominal tergite (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bodies of Velarifictorus zhengi sp. nov. A male B female. Scale bars: 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639213" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">2B</figureCitation>
), which is shorter on the inside and progressively grows longer on the outside. Dorsally 3 or 4 longitudinal veins and laterally 6 Sc branches (the outermost of which is basally branched) arm the tegmen (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Right tegmina of Velarifictorus A, D V. zhengi sp. nov. B, E V. landrevus C, F V. flavifrons A-C male D-F female." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639224" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">13D</figureCitation>
). Ovipositor smooth and slightly longer than the posterior femur. The dorsal ovipositor valve is hooked and has a sharp apex, whereas the apex of the ventral ovipositor valve is slightly rounded (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Ovipositor of Velarifictorus A, B V. zhengi sp. nov. C, D V. landrevus E, F V. flavifrons A, C, E inside of ovipositor B, D, F outside of ovipositor." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639225" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">14 A, B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="coloration">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Coloration.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Body dark brown. Ocelli light yellow. Eyes brown; between eyes and anterior margin of pronotum marked with yellowish -brown band. Maxillary reddish brown. Cercus and legs yellowish brown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
This species resembles species of the
<taxonomicName authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Landrevus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Landrevus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Landrevus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group in features of the body and genitalia. In
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. gradifrons" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gradifrons">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. gradifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, the inner tympanum is absent and the apical margin of epiphallic middle lobe is straight. In the new species, both tympana are present and the apical margin of epiphallic middle lobe is curved. The apical field of the tegmina of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. bubalus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bubalus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. bubalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. elephas" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elephas">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. elephas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are longer than in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. zhengi" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhengi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. zhengi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., and the apical margins of the epiphallic middle lobe are straighter than the new species. Furthermore, the new species is distinguished from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. landrevus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="landrevus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. landrevus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, another Chinese species, in morphological and acoustical characters.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zheng &amp; Ma" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Velarifictorus zhengi" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhengi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Velarifictorus zhengi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. bears a longer epiphallic middle lobe, whose apex is partially pentagon-like in dorsal view and possesses more pulses (9-15) per chirp at a lower peak frequency. Finally, the absence of a dividing vein in the new species (observed in all type material) is distinct from all other species of the
<taxonomicName authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Landrevus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Landrevus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Landrevus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink