279 lines
32 KiB
XML
279 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.382.6761" ID-GBIF-Dataset="10c6e752-597e-4cdd-a17d-cb20dc50924b" ID-PMC="PMC3950420" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-382-27" ID-PubMed="24624018" ID-ZBK="736584EE562E411693AC218CB5315517" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-382-27" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 382" ModsDocTitle="Two new species in the Echinoderes coulli group (Echinoderidae, Cyclorhagida, Kinorhyncha) from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan" checkinTime="1451246296635" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Yamasaki, Hiroshi & Fujimoto, Shinta" docDate="2014" docId="11189D225C0BF7EF839A04771924DE65" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 382: 27-52" docOrigin="ZooKeys 382" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.382.6761" docTitle="Echinoderes komatsui Yamasaki & Fujimoto, 2014, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="19C1A89B-5AB4-4886-BE01-B04D55DEEBD1" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="EB6D900E2366FFE3FFE9FFD8CC790847" masterDocTitle="Two new species in the Echinoderes coulli group (Echinoderidae, Cyclorhagida, Kinorhyncha) from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1668157741766" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Two new species in the Echinoderes coulli group (Echinoderidae, Cyclorhagida, Kinorhyncha) from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Yamasaki, Hiroshi</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fujimoto, Shinta</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>382</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>27</mods:start>
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<mods:end>52</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.382.6761</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.382.6761</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-382-27</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">736584EE562E411693AC218CB5315517</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">736584EE562E411693AC218CB5315517</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152051119" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:19C1A89B-5AB4-4886-BE01-B04D55DEEBD1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/11189D225C0BF7EF839A04771924DE65" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/19C1A89B-5AB4-4886-BE01-B04D55DEEBD1" class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes komatsui" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="komatsui">Echinoderes komatsui</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="30">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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[New Japanese name: Komatsu togekawa]Figs 2-6
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" type="material">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Holotype: Adult female (RUMF-ZK-00001), collected on 26 May 2013 at station 1 (Fig. 1A) by Dr H. Komatsu (National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo, Japan) during a sampling cruise with TR/V Toyoshio-maru (Hiroshima University, Japan); mounted in Fluoromount G®.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Allotype: Adult male (RUMF-ZK-00002), collected at the same locality as the holotype; mounted in Fluoromount G®.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Paratypes: Three adult females and two adult males RUMF-ZK-00003-00007); two exoskeletons (RUMF-ZK-00008-00009) from DNA-extracted specimens (one adult female and one adult male); all collected at same locality as the holotype; all mounted in Fluoromount G®. Paratype RUMF-ZK-00003 was collected on 26 May 2013, and the others on 8 July 2013.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Additional material: Six specimens for SEM (one adult female, three adult males, and two adults gender undetermined), collected at same locality as holotype on 8 July 2013, mounted on aluminum stubs.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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Sequences: 18S sequence (1778 bp) for paratype RUMF-ZK-00008, GenBank accession AB899164; 28S sequence (3292 bp) for paratype RUMF-ZK-00008, Gen
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="31" start="start">Bank</pageBreakToken>
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AB899165; COI sequence (658 bp)for paratype RUMF-ZK-00008, GenBank AB899166.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="31" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="genus">Echinoderes</taxonomicName>
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without acicular spines; lateroventral tubules present on segments 5 and 8, laterodorsal tubules on segment 10, and large, sieve plates on segment 9 with an inverted triangular or oval shape; females with lateral terminal accessory spines. Pectinate fringe of the sternal plate on segment 10 with short tips.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Adult with head, neck, and eleven trunk segments (Figs 2A, B, 3A, 4A). See Table 2 for measurements. Table 3 indicates the positions of cuticular structures (sensory spots, glandular cell outlets, and tubules).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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Figure 2.
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<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes komatsui" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="komatsui">Echinoderes komatsui</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., camera lucida drawings. A, B Holotype, female (RUMF-ZK-00001), entire animal, dorsal and ventral views, respectively C, D allotype, male (RUMF-ZK-00002), segments 9-11, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. Double circle, grey circle, and black circle indicate sensory spot, type 1 glandular cell outlet, and type 2 glandular cell outlet, respectively. Abbreviations: gco1, type 1 glandular cell outlet; gco2, type 2 glandular cell outlet; ldt, laterodorsal tubule; ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvt, lateroventral tubule; pe, penile spine; si, sieve plate; ss, sensory spot.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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Figure 3.
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<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes komatsui" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="komatsui">Echinoderes komatsui</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., Nomarski photomicrographs. A Entire animal B segments 5-7, ventral view C segments 8 and 9, ventral view D segments 10 and 11 of female, dorsal view E segments 10 and 11 of male, dorsal view. Complete circles indicate type 2 glandular cell outlet; dashed circles indicate sensory spots. Abbreviations: ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvt, lateroventral tubule; ps, penile spine; si, sieve plate; te, tergal extension.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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Figure 4.
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<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes komatsui" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="komatsui">Echinoderes komatsui</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., scanning electron micrographs. A Entire animal, lateral view B outer oral styles, lateral view C close up of laterodorsal type 2 glandular cell outlet on segment 2 D neck, overview E partly retracted head, overview F segments 2-3, lateral view G segments 1-3, ventral view. Complete circles indicate type 2 glandular cell outlets; dashed circles indicate sensory spots. Abbreviations: mvp, midventral placid; oos, outer oral style; pss, primary spinoscalid; sp, spinoscalid followed by ring number.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption ID-Table-UUID="C608F8690A38F6DF5CE868927D5AB690" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/C608F8690A38F6DF5CE868927D5AB690" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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Table 2. Measurements for adult
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<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes komatsui" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="komatsui">Echinoderes komatsui</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (in micrometers). Columns N and SD show sample size and standard deviation, respectively. Abbreviations: (f), female condition of sexually dimorphic character; LD, length of laterodorsal tubule; LTAS, length of lateral terminal accessory spine; LTS, length of lateral terminal spine; LV, length of lateroventral tubule; (m), male condition of sexually dimorphic character; MSW, maximum sternal width; S, segment length; SW, standard width; TL, trunk length.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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<table pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">Character</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">N</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">Range</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">Mean</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">SD</th>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Table-UUID="5D947D867DA209540498384F600A3DFD" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5D947D867DA209540498384F600A3DFD" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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Table 3. Summary of location of cuticular structures, tubules, and spines in
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<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes komatsui" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="komatsui">Echinoderes komatsui</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Abbreviations: (f), female condition of sexually dimorphic character; gco1, type 1 glandular cell outlet; gco2, type 2 glandular cell outlet; LD, laterodorsal; ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; LV, lateroventral; (m), male condition of sexually dimorphic character; MD, middorsal; ML, midlateral; pe, penile spine; SD, subdorsal; si, sieve plate; ss, sensory spot; tu, tubule; VL, ventrolateral; VM, ventromedial.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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<table pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">Position</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" rowspan="2">MD</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" rowspan="2">SD</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" rowspan="2">LD</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" rowspan="2">ML</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" rowspan="2">LV</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" rowspan="2">VL</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" rowspan="2">VM</th>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">segment</th>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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Head consists of retractable mouth cone and introvert (Figs 4E, 5). Mouth cone with inner oral styles and nine outer oral styles. Exact number and arrangement of inner oral styles not examined. Each outer oral style consists of rectangular basal part and triangular distal part (Fig. 4B). Basal parts of outer oral styles alternating in size: five large in odd sectors of introvert, and four small in even sectors (Figs 4B, 5). Intro
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="32" start="start">vert</pageBreakToken>
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composed of seven rings of spinoscalids and one ring of trichoscalids (Figs 4E, 5). Ring 01 includes ten primary spinoscalids each with basal sheath and smooth long end piece (Fig. 4E). Each basal sheath with three overlapping fringes. Proximal fringe extends into three flat projections, like a trident, covering next fringe. Middle fringe with two lateral projections overlapping end piece. Distal fringe with five threads projecting between two projections of middle fringe. End piece of primary spinoscalids is longest unit. Rings 02 and 04 with 10 spinoscalids; rings 03 and 05 with 20 spinoscalids. Spinoscalids of rings 02-05 equal length. Rings 06 and 07 not examined in detail, but ring 06 with at least seven relatively short spinoscalids, and ring 07 with nine leaf-like scalids (Fig. 5). Six trichoscalids attached with trichoscalid plate in sectors 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 10.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
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Figure 5. Diagram of mouth cone, introvert, and placids in
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<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes komatsui" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="komatsui">Echinoderes komatsui</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Grey area and heavy line arcs show mouth cone and placids, respectively. The table lists the scalid arrangement by sector.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
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Neck with 16 placids (Figs 2A, B, 4D, 5). Midventral placid broadest (ca. 18
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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at basal width and ca. 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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at tip width). Remaining placids similar in size, but differ alternately in tip width (ca. 12
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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at basal width and ca. 5-6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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at tip width) (Fig. 4D).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Segment 1 consists of complete cuticular ring with thick pachycyclus at anterior margin. Bracteate cuticular hairs densely cover entire dorsal side, and posterior area of ventral side (Fig. 2A, B). Rounded subdorsal and laterodorsal sensory spots located close to anterior margin of the segment (Fig. 2A). Rounded ventrolateral sensory spots located central between anterior and posterior segment margins (Figs 2B, 4G). Type 1 glandular cell outlets situated anteriorly in middorsal and lateroventral positions (Fig. 2A, B). Posterior part of the segment with pectinate fringe showing longer fringe tips laterally (Fig. 2A, B).</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="33" start="start">Segment</pageBreakToken>
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2 with complete cuticular ring, like segment 1 (Fig. 2A, B). This and following eight segments with thick pachicycli at anterior margins. Bracteate cuticular hairs densely cover whole area. One oval sensory spot in middorsal position, two pairs
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="34" start="start">in</pageBreakToken>
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laterodorsal position, and one pair in ventrolateral position (Figs 2A, B, 4F, G). All sensory spots central in position. Two pairs of type 2 glandular cell outlets in both subdorsal and laterodorsal positions (Figs 2A, B, 4C, F). Pair of type 2 glandular cell outlets in lateroventral position. All type 2 glandular cell outlets of segment 2 and following six segments situated centrally of the segment. In LM observation, type 2 glandular cell outlets show funnel shaped structure, whereas in SEM observation, they
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<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="35" start="start">show</pageBreakToken>
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single small pore in slightly protruded cuticular surface (Fig. 4C). Posterior margin of the segment ends as pectinate fringe showing longer tips than tips of preceding segment (Figs 2A, B, 4F).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Segment 3 and following eight segments consist of one tergal and two sternal plates (Fig. 2A, B). This and following seven segments entirely covered with bracteate cuticular hairs except for anterior area (Figs 2A, B, 3B, C). Paired sensory spots in subdorsal and midlateral positions (Figs 2A, B, 4F). Type 1 glandular cell outlets of segment 3 and following seven segments situated at anterior part of segment in ventromedial position (Fig. 2B). Pair of type 2 glandular cell outlets in subdorsal and midlateral positions (Fig. 2A, B). Pectinate fringe on segment 3 and five following segments as on segment 2.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Segment 4 without sensory spots. Type 2 glandular cell outlets in subdorsal, laterodorsal, and lateroventral positions (Fig. 2A, B).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Segment 5 with lateroventral tubules (Figs 2B, 3B, 6A). Sensory spots in laterodorsal and ventromedial positions (Figs 2A, B, 3B, 6A). Paired type 2 glandular cell outlets in subdorsal position (Fig. 2A).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
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Figure 6.
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<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes komatsui" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="komatsui">Echinoderes komatsui</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., scanning electron micrographs. A Segments 5-8, lateral view B segments 8, lateral view C segments 10 and 11, male, dorsal view D segments 10 and 11, female, ventral view. Complete circle indicates type 2 glandular cell outlet; dashed circles indicate sensory spots. Abbreviations: ldt, laterodorsal tubule; ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvt, lateroventral tubule; pe, penile spine; si, sieve plate; te, tergal extension.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Segment 6 with subdorsal, laterodorsal, and ventromedial paired sensory spots (Figs 2A, B, 3B, 6A). Paired type 2 glandular cell outlets in subdorsal and midlateral positions (Figs 2A, B, 3B, 6A).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Segment 7 similar to segment 6 but with additional laterodorsal type 2 glandular cell outlets (Figs 2A, B, 3B, 6A).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Segment 8 with lateroventral tubules (Figs 2B, 3C, 6A). Paired sensory spots in subdorsal position (Fig. 2A). Positions of type 2 glandular cell outlets as on segment 7.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Segment 9 with two pairs of subdorsal sensory spots and one pair of laterodorsal and ventrolateral sensory spots (Figs 2A, B, 3C, 6B). Pair of sieve plates with wide sieve area and single posterior pore situated in midlateral position. Sieve area variable in shape, forming inverted triangle in some specimens and broad oval in others (Figs 2A, B, 3C, 6B). Tips of pectinate fringe slightly shorter in length than on preceding segment.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Segment 10 with thin laterodorsal tubules (Figs 2A, 6C). Length of laterodorsal tubules in males about twice as long as those in females. Paired subdorsal and ventrolateral sensory spots situated close to posterior margin of segment (Figs 2, 3D, 6C, D). Posterior middorsal margin elongated, extending to segment 11 in some specimens (Figs 2A, 6C), but truncate in other specimens. Posterior margin ends as pectinate fringe with short tips, except in ventrolateral area, which without pectination.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Segment 11 with lateral terminal spines (Figs 2, 3D, E, 6C, D). Short, thin lateral terminal accessory spines present only in females (Figs 2B, 3D, 6D), and three pairs of penile spines only in males (Figs 2C, 3E, 6C). Cuticular hairs absent. Paired sensory spots present in subdorsal position at base of tergal extension (Figs 2A, C, 3D, E, 6C). Ventrolateral paired sensory spots placed close to posterior margin of sternal plate (Figs 2B, D, 6D). Tergal plate projects laterally and ends in short, pointed tergal extensions (Figs 2A, C, 3D, E, 6C, D).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
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The species is named after Dr H. Komatsu (National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo, Japan), a taxonomist of brachyuran crabs and the first person to find
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<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes komatsui" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="komatsui">Echinoderes komatsui</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. n.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" type="remarks">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="36">
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|
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="36" start="start">Remarks</pageBreakToken>
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|
.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">
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Among congeners,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes komatsui" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="komatsui">
|
|
<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="37" start="start">Echinoderes</pageBreakToken>
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|
komatsui
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. n. is most similar to
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes applicitus" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="applicitus">Echinoderes applicitus</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes coulli" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="coulli">Echinoderes coulli</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes marthae" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="marthae">Echinoderes marthae</taxonomicName>
|
|
in sharing the following combination of characters: (1) lateral (lateroventral or lateral accessory) tubules only on segments 5 and 8, (2) middorsal spines absent on all segments, and (3) large sieve plates present (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Higgins, RP" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Microscopical Society" pageId="19" pageNumber="46" pagination="340 - 354" title="Two new species of Echinoderes (Kinorhyncha) from South Carolina." url="10.2307/3225864" volume="96" year="1977">Higgins 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Ostmann, A" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biodiversity" pageId="19" pageNumber="46" pagination="79 - 91" title="First recording of kinorhynchs fromJava, with the description of a new brackish water species from a mangrove-fringed lagoon." url="10.1007/s12526-011-0094-z" volume="42" year="2012">Ostmann et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Sorensen, MV" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="20" pageNumber="47" title="Marine Biodiversity" url="10.1007/s12526-013-0181-4" year="2014">
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sørensen">Sorensen</normalizedToken>
|
|
2014
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes komatsui" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="komatsui">Echinoderes komatsui</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. n. additionally shares with
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes applicitus" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="applicitus">Echinoderes applicitus</taxonomicName>
|
|
a pair of laterodorsal tubules and a posteriorly extended margin of the tergal plate on segment 10. The latter character, previously considered diagnostic for
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes applicitus" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="applicitus">Echinoderes applicitus</taxonomicName>
|
|
, is variable in
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes komatsui" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="komatsui">Echinoderes komatsui</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. n.
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes komatsui" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="komatsui">Echinoderes komatsui</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. n. differs from
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes applicitus" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="applicitus">Echinoderes applicitus</taxonomicName>
|
|
in having (1) lateral terminal accessory spines in females, (2) type 2 glandular cell outlets on several segments, and (3) a pectinate fringe with short, narrow tips on the sternal plate of segment 10 (long wide tips in
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes applicitus" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="applicitus">Echinoderes applicitus</taxonomicName>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes komatsui" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="komatsui">Echinoderes komatsui</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. n. is identical to
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes coulli" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="coulli">Echinoderes coulli</taxonomicName>
|
|
in the formula of ventral tubules, and both trunk lengths overlap (304-419
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
in
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes komatsui" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="komatsui">Echinoderes komatsui</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. n.; 248-364
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
in
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes coulli" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="coulli">Echinoderes coulli</taxonomicName>
|
|
).
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes komatsui" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="komatsui">Echinoderes komatsui</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. n. differs from
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes coulli" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="coulli">Echinoderes coulli</taxonomicName>
|
|
in having (1) laterodorsal tubules on segment 10, (2) lateral terminal accessory spines in females, and (3) much longer lateral terminal spines (145-164
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
and 36.6-46.9% of trunk length in
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes komatsui" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="komatsui">Echinoderes komatsui</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. n.; 18-68
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
and 5.5-23.9% of trunk length in
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes coulli" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="coulli">Echinoderes coulli</taxonomicName>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes komatsui" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="komatsui">Echinoderes komatsui</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. n. shares with
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes marthae" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="marthae">Echinoderes marthae</taxonomicName>
|
|
the presence of tubules on segment 8, however, the number of tubules is different.
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes komatsui" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="komatsui">Echinoderes komatsui</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. n. has only lateroventral tubules, whereas
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes marthae" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="marthae">Echinoderes marthae</taxonomicName>
|
|
has lateroventral and laterodorsal tubules. Furthermore,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes komatsui" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="komatsui">Echinoderes komatsui</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. n. differs from
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes marthae" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="marthae">Echinoderes marthae</taxonomicName>
|
|
in having (1) type 2 glandular cell outlets on some segments, (2) lateral terminal accessory spines in females, and (3) three pairs of penile spines in males (two pairs in
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Cyclorhagida" family="Echinoderidae" genus="Echinoderes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinoderes marthae" order="Echinorhagata" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Kinorhyncha" rank="species" species="marthae">Echinoderes marthae</taxonomicName>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |