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<mods:title id="E58D74759186772BD070A741810361A2">Taxonomic revision of Neotropical Phyllocnistis Zeller, 1848 (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), with descriptions of seven new species and host plant associations</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="13015315C2B0BA04143B2767776CCC51">Brito, Rosângela</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6EE7AD471F4ABAABFC1A97726E2B07C2">Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B262696677EAD51D57DF8CA9F88D5056">Gonçalves, Gislene L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C91FD04DD2FBA660CDFDAF397D4746A2">Mielke, Olaf H. H.</mods:namePart>
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<heading id="D32854585A32FF9C17AAFEEFFD48FE6F" bold="true" box="[151,703,368,394]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4FDF98B75A32FF9C17AAFEEFFD48FE6F" ID-CoL="8VLL3" authority="Brito &amp; Moreira, 2017" authorityName="Brito &amp; Moreira" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,703,368,394]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllocnistis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phoebus">
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C17AAFEEFFD48FE6F" bold="true" box="[151,703,368,394]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C17AAFEEFFE69FE6F" bold="true" box="[151,414,368,394]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Phyllocnistis phoebus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EC4E9EC55A32FF9C1698FEEFFD48FE6F" author="Brito" box="[421,703,368,394]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Brito, R., Mielke, O. H. H., Goncalves, G. L. &amp; Moreira, G. R. P. (2017) Description of three new species of Phyllocnistis Zeller, 1848 (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) from the Atlantic Forest, South Brazil, with notes on natural history and phylogeny. Austral Entomology. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / aen. 12298" type="book chapter" year="2017">Brito &amp; Moreira, 2017</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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<figureCitation id="10E4FFB15A32FF9C17AAFE0DFF0FFE4E" box="[151,248,402,427]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[165,1429,193,1723]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[165,1429,193,1723]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 3. Forewings of Neotropical Phyllocnistis. (A) P. abatiae holotype (left forewing reversed); (B) P. aurilinea lectotype (left, reversed); (C) P. baccharidis holotype (left, reversed); (D) P. bourquini holotype (right); (E) P. citrella lectotype (left, reversed); (F) P. dorcas holotype (right); (G) P. drimiphaga holotype (right); (H) P. helios holotype (right); (I) P. jupiter paratype (left, reversed); (J) P. kawakitai holotype (left, reversed); (K) P. maxberryi holotype (right); (L) P. meliacella holotype (right); (M) P. norak holotype (right); (N) P. ohshimai holotype (right); (O) P. ourea paratype (right); (P) P. perseafolia holotype (left, reversed); (Q) P. petronellii paratype (right); (R) P. phoebus paratype (left, reversed); (S) P. puyehuensis holotype (right); (T) P. rotans lectotype (right); (U) P. sciophanta holotype (left, reversed); (V) P. selene specimen (left, reversed); (W) P. sexangula lectotype (left, reversed); (X) P. tethys specimen (right); (Y) P. tropaeolicola holotype (right); (Z) P. wygodzinskyi holotype (left, reversed); (AA) P. xylopiella holotype (right). Scale bars: 1 (A H, K, L, O, P, R Z), 0.5 mm (I, J, M, N, Q, AA)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040009/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Figs. 3R</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="10E4FFB15A32FF9C1639FE0CFEDFFE4E" box="[260,296,403,427]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1815]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,193,1815]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 4. Labels of Neotropical Phyllocnistis types found in museums. (A) P. abatiae; (B) P. aurilinea; (C) P. baccharidis; (D) P. bourquini; (E) P. citrella; (F) P. dorcas; (G) P. drimiphaga; (H) P. helios; (I) P. jupiter; (J) P. kawakitai; (K) P. maxberryi; (L) P. meliacella; (M) P. norak; (N) P. ohshimai; (O) P. ourea; (P) P. perseafolia; (Q) P. petronellii; (R) P. phoebus; (S) P. puyehuensis; (T) P. rotans; (U) P. sciophanta; (V) P. selene; (W) P. sexangula; (X) P. tethys; (Y) P. tropaeolicola; (Z) P. wygodzinskyi; (AA) P. xylopiella." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040013/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">4R</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="10E4FFB15A32FF9C160FFE0DFEB5FE4E" box="[306,322,402,427]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1770,1792]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,193,1748]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 5. Geographical distribution of Phyllocnistis species endemic to the Neotropical region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040015/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">5</figureCitation>
, S1;
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4FDF98B75A32FF9C17AAFE45FE83FE15" authorityName="Brito &amp; Moreira" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,372,474,496]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllocnistis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phoebus">
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C17AAFE45FE83FE15" box="[151,372,474,496]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Phyllocnistis phoebus</emphasis>
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;
<bibRefCitation id="EC4E9EC55A32FF9C16BFFE45FD93FE15" author="Brito" box="[386,612,474,496]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Brito, R., Mielke, O. H. H., Goncalves, G. L. &amp; Moreira, G. R. P. (2017) Description of three new species of Phyllocnistis Zeller, 1848 (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) from the Atlantic Forest, South Brazil, with notes on natural history and phylogeny. Austral Entomology. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / aen. 12298" type="book chapter" year="2017">Brito &amp; Moreira 2017</bibRefCitation>
: figs. 2B, E, 3DF, 913.
</paragraph>
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material
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. Description of
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<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C16CEFD82FD1FFDD3" box="[499,744,541,566]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Phyllocnistis phoebus</emphasis>
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was based on five specimens from the
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de Pesquisas e
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(
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),
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municipality,
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</materialsCitation>
.
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The male
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is deposited at
<collectionCode id="EECE7BF15A32FF9C1557FDF9FD44FD98" box="[618,691,614,637]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">DZUP</collectionCode>
and has the following labels (separated by forward slash symbols,
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): /
<taxonomicName id="4FDF98B75A32FF9C1609FD16FCE1FD47" authority="Brito &amp; Moreira" authorityName="Brito &amp; Moreira" authorityYear="2017" box="[308,790,649,674]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllocnistis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phoebus">
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C1609FD16FDC2FD47" box="[308,565,649,674]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Phyllocnistis phoebus</emphasis>
Brito &amp; Moreira
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="57645D965A32FF9C1414FD15FC4AFD47" box="[809,957,650,674]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
#m / 30654
<collectorName id="252A86E25A32FF9C13BAFD16FAF1FD47" box="[1159,1286,649,674]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Brasil, RS</collectorName>
PROMATA 22_
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<date id="FC61C5F45A32FF9C17FDFD32FEC8FD23" box="[192,319,685,710]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" value="2016-06-24">24.06.2016</date>
</collectingDate>
<collectorName id="252A86E25A32FF9C1677FD31FE02FD23" box="[330,501,685,710]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">G.R.P. Moreira</collectorName>
et al. #m / DZ 33.373 /.
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genitalia is dissected in
<collectingCountry id="F0C8A3A45A32FF9C13D0FD32FAB6FD23" box="[1261,1345,685,710]" name="Canada" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Canada</collectingCountry>
balsam (
<specimenCode id="D8794B4F5A32FF9C17A3FD4DFEA6FD0F" box="[158,337,721,746]" collectionCode="GRPM" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jn0k-k005" name="Public Museum of Grand Rapids" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">GRPM 50118</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
. Paratypes: one male (LMCI 30655) with genitalia on slide (GRPM 50119) and one female (LMCI 20014) deposited at DZUP (33.383, 33.393, respectively); one male (
<figureCitation id="10E4FFB15A32FF9C1324FD6AFB85FCEB" box="[1049,1138,757,782]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[165,1429,193,1723]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[165,1429,193,1723]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 3. Forewings of Neotropical Phyllocnistis. (A) P. abatiae holotype (left forewing reversed); (B) P. aurilinea lectotype (left, reversed); (C) P. baccharidis holotype (left, reversed); (D) P. bourquini holotype (right); (E) P. citrella lectotype (left, reversed); (F) P. dorcas holotype (right); (G) P. drimiphaga holotype (right); (H) P. helios holotype (right); (I) P. jupiter paratype (left, reversed); (J) P. kawakitai holotype (left, reversed); (K) P. maxberryi holotype (right); (L) P. meliacella holotype (right); (M) P. norak holotype (right); (N) P. ohshimai holotype (right); (O) P. ourea paratype (right); (P) P. perseafolia holotype (left, reversed); (Q) P. petronellii paratype (right); (R) P. phoebus paratype (left, reversed); (S) P. puyehuensis holotype (right); (T) P. rotans lectotype (right); (U) P. sciophanta holotype (left, reversed); (V) P. selene specimen (left, reversed); (W) P. sexangula lectotype (left, reversed); (X) P. tethys specimen (right); (Y) P. tropaeolicola holotype (right); (Z) P. wygodzinskyi holotype (left, reversed); (AA) P. xylopiella holotype (right). Scale bars: 1 (A H, K, L, O, P, R Z), 0.5 mm (I, J, M, N, Q, AA)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040009/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Fig. 3R</figureCitation>
) (LMCI 26324) and one female (LMCI 30656) with genitalia on slide (GRPM 50120) deposited at MCTP (57.618 and 57.619, respectively).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8860E3345A32FF9C17FAFCFEFDBFFC9F" blockId="19.[151,1437,541,1798]" box="[199,584,865,890]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C17FAFCFEFE7DFC9F" bold="true" box="[199,394,865,890]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Forewing length</emphasis>
.
<quantity id="4F274ED15A32FF9C16AAFCFDFE0CFC9C" box="[407,507,866,890]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.78" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="2.78">2.78 mm</quantity>
(n=2).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C0C5B0BF5A32FF9C17FAFC1AFDF9FB23" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8860E3345A32FF9C17FAFC1AFDA4FB9E" blockId="19.[151,1437,541,1798]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C17FAFC1AFECDFC7B" bold="true" box="[199,314,901,926]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Diagnosis</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="10E4FFB15A32FF9C1677FC1AFE3BFC7B" box="[330,460,901,926]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[165,1429,193,1723]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[165,1429,193,1723]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 3. Forewings of Neotropical Phyllocnistis. (A) P. abatiae holotype (left forewing reversed); (B) P. aurilinea lectotype (left, reversed); (C) P. baccharidis holotype (left, reversed); (D) P. bourquini holotype (right); (E) P. citrella lectotype (left, reversed); (F) P. dorcas holotype (right); (G) P. drimiphaga holotype (right); (H) P. helios holotype (right); (I) P. jupiter paratype (left, reversed); (J) P. kawakitai holotype (left, reversed); (K) P. maxberryi holotype (right); (L) P. meliacella holotype (right); (M) P. norak holotype (right); (N) P. ohshimai holotype (right); (O) P. ourea paratype (right); (P) P. perseafolia holotype (left, reversed); (Q) P. petronellii paratype (right); (R) P. phoebus paratype (left, reversed); (S) P. puyehuensis holotype (right); (T) P. rotans lectotype (right); (U) P. sciophanta holotype (left, reversed); (V) P. selene specimen (left, reversed); (W) P. sexangula lectotype (left, reversed); (X) P. tethys specimen (right); (Y) P. tropaeolicola holotype (right); (Z) P. wygodzinskyi holotype (left, reversed); (AA) P. xylopiella holotype (right). Scale bars: 1 (A H, K, L, O, P, R Z), 0.5 mm (I, J, M, N, Q, AA)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040009/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Figs. 3R, S</figureCitation>
1;
<tableCitation id="C55DD68F5A32FF9C16D8FC1AFDD9FC7B" box="[485,558,901,926]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="35.[125,194,614,632]" captionText="TABLE 2. (Continued)" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Tab. 2</tableCitation>
).
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C157EFC1AFD0CFC7B" box="[579,763,901,926]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Dorsal forewing</emphasis>
: ground color gray, with bright ochre fasciae bordered with dark brown.
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C1619FC36FEC2FC27" bold="true" box="[292,309,937,962]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">lf</emphasis>
slightly convex, emerging at base of costal margin and running to the median region of the wing (II), fusing with the costal section of
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C1536FC52FDD2FC0F" bold="true" box="[523,549,973,1002]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">tf1</emphasis>
. This has a second, separated section located at the inner margin that projects basally.
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C17CBFC6BFEE7FBF4" bold="true" box="[246,272,1012,1041]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">tf2</emphasis>
with diffuse borders, crossing the wing entirely; its inner section joins the
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C13BFFC6BFB26FBF4" bold="true" box="[1154,1233,1012,1041]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">tf3 +tf4</emphasis>
, forming a large, diffuse, bright ocher blotch that precedes
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C1541FB84FD62FBD1" bold="true" box="[636,661,1051,1076]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">as</emphasis>
on the distal region of the wing (III). Strigulae are typical for the genus.
<taxonomicName id="4FDF98B75A32FF9C17DBFBDFFEA8FBB2" authorityName="Brito &amp; Moreira" authorityYear="2017" box="[230,351,1086,1111]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllocnistis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phoebus">
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C17DBFBDFFF03FBB2" box="[230,244,1088,1111]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C163FFBA1FEA8FBB2" box="[258,351,1086,1111]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">phoebus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from other species reviewed here by the isolation and atypical shape of second section of
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C17AAFBFCFF5DFB99" bold="true" box="[151,170,1123,1148]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">tf</emphasis>
1, and by slight fusion of
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C16FFFBFCFDBAFB9A" bold="true" box="[450,589,1123,1151]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">tf2 + tf3 + tf4</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8860E3345A32FF9C17FAFB16FDF9FB23" blockId="19.[151,1437,541,1798]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
<materialsCitation id="38B7E9695A32FF9C17FAFB16FDF9FB23" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1676572213" country="Brazil" county="Sao Francisco de Paula" elevation="900" location="Geographical" municipality="Recorded" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C17FAFB16FE08FB47" bold="true" box="[199,511,1161,1186]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
<location id="8D00B5EF5A32FF9C17FAFB16FE9EFB47" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:007652225A32FF9C17AAFEEFFDF3F8E3:8D00B5EF5A32FF9C17FAFB16FE9EFB47" box="[199,361,1161,1186]" country="Brazil" county="Sao Francisco de Paula" municipality="Recorded" name="Geographical" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">Geographical</location>
distribution
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="10E4FFB15A32FF9C152FFB16FDAEFB47" box="[530,601,1161,1186]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1770,1792]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,193,1748]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 5. Geographical distribution of Phyllocnistis species endemic to the Neotropical region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040015/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
<collectingMunicipality id="6804794E5A32FF9C154CFB16FD2BFB47" box="[625,732,1161,1186]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Recorded</collectingMunicipality>
for
<collectingCounty id="61019BB85A32FF9C142DFB15FBEBFB47" box="[784,1052,1161,1186]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">São Francisco de Paula</collectingCounty>
municipality,
<collectingRegion id="4A1B2DD65A32FF9C13FEFB16FA6BFB47" box="[1219,1436,1161,1186]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
<collectingRegion id="4A1B2DD65A32FF9C13FEFB16FAB0FB47" box="[1219,1351,1161,1186]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Rio Grande" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
Rio
<collectingRegion id="4A1B2DD65A32FF9C13C8FB16FAB0FB47" box="[1269,1351,1161,1186]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Grande</collectingRegion>
</collectingRegion>
do Sul
</collectingRegion>
state,
<collectingCountry id="F0C8A3A45A32FF9C17E5FB32FEE8FB23" box="[216,287,1197,1222]" name="Brazil" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, at
<elevation id="03F204075A32FF9C167BFB31FE7AFB20" box="[326,397,1198,1222]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="m" value="900.0">
<quantity id="4F274ED15A32FF9C167BFB31FE7AFB20" box="[326,397,1198,1222]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
</elevation>
of altitude.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C0C5B0BF5A32FF9C17FAFB4EFB9CFA7B" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" type="description">
<paragraph id="8860E3345A32FF9C17FAFB4EFB9CFA7B" blockId="19.[151,1437,541,1798]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C17FAFB4EFE89FB0F" bold="true" box="[199,382,1233,1258]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Natural history</emphasis>
. According to the authors, mines are found solely on the adaxial leaf surface. They are thin, serpentine shaped and followed by a trace of black feces. There is no pattern regarding oviposition site, the larvae begin the mine construction on any leaf portion. Only one specimen was found feeding per leaf for all leaves examined. The larval stage presents three sap-feeding instars, followed by the last, spinning instar. The cocoon is covered with silk, and has an oval shape and whitish color.
<taxonomicName id="4FDF98B75A32FF9C1412FAFCFC50FA9F" authorityName="Brito &amp; Moreira" authorityYear="2017" box="[815,935,1377,1402]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllocnistis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phoebus">
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C1412FAFCFC50FA9F" box="[815,935,1377,1402]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">P. phoebus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens possibly present multivoltine life cycles, larvae were found feeding in the field during March, April, June and December.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C0C5B0BF5A32FF9C17FAFA36FC59FA27" box="[199,942,1449,1474]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8860E3345A32FF9C17FAFA36FC59FA27" blockId="19.[151,1437,541,1798]" box="[199,942,1449,1474]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C17FAFA36FE95FA27" bold="true" box="[199,354,1449,1474]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Host plant(s)</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4FDF98B75A32FF9C1652FA34FD42FA27" authority="(Klotzsch)" authorityName="Klotzsch" box="[367,693,1449,1474]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="fruticosa">
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C1652FA34FDCFFA27" box="[367,568,1450,1474]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Begonia fruticosa</emphasis>
(Klotzsch)
</taxonomicName>
A.DC (
<taxonomicName id="4FDF98B75A32FF9C1430FA36FC54FA27" authorityName="" authorityYear="1824" box="[781,931,1449,1474]" family="Begoniaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="family">Begoniaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C0C5B0BF5A32FF9C17FAFA52FEADF9B7" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8860E3345A32FF9C17FAFA52FEADF9B7" blockId="19.[151,1437,541,1798]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
<materialsCitation id="38B7E9695A32FF9C17FAFA52FD5BF9CB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1676572238" collectingDate="2016-06-21" collectingDateMax="2016-06-24" collectingDateMin="2016-06-21" collectionCode="DZUP" collectorName="G. R. P. Moreira &amp; R. Brito &amp; J. Fochezato" country="Brazil" county="Conservacao" elevation="900" location="Examined" municipality="Centro de Pesquisas" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C17FAFA52FE46FA03" bold="true" box="[199,433,1485,1510]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
<location id="8D00B5EF5A32FF9C17FAFA52FEB7FA03" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:007652225A32FF9C17AAFEEFFDF3F8E3:8D00B5EF5A32FF9C17FAFA52FEB7FA03" box="[199,320,1485,1510]" country="Brazil" county="Conservacao" municipality="Centro de Pesquisas" name="Examined" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Examined</location>
material
</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="57645D965A32FF9C16F9FA52FDDBFA03" box="[452,556,1485,1510]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="57645D965A32FF9C1550FA51FD3AFA03" box="[621,717,1486,1510]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
males.
<collectingCountry id="F0C8A3A45A32FF9C1413FA52FC80FA03" box="[814,887,1485,1510]" name="Brazil" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C1413FA52FC80FA03" bold="true" box="[814,887,1485,1510]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Brazil</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="8D00B5EF5A32FF9C14B1FA52FA6BFA03" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:007652225A32FF9C17AAFEEFFDF3F8E3:8D00B5EF5A32FF9C14B1FA52FA6BFA03" box="[908,1436,1485,1510]" country="Brazil" county="Conservacao" municipality="Centro de Pesquisas" name="Rio Grande do Sul-Sao Francisco de Paula" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Rio Grande do Sul—São Francisco de Paula</location>
(
<collectingMunicipality id="6804794E5A32FF9C17A3FA6DFE76F9EF" box="[158,385,1521,1546]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Centro de Pesquisas</collectingMunicipality>
e
<collectingCounty id="61019BB85A32FF9C16A6FA6DFDDBF9EF" box="[411,556,1522,1546]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Conservação</collectingCounty>
da Natureza—Pró-mata),
<elevation id="03F204075A32FF9C146FFA6DFC6CF9EC" box="[850,923,1522,1546]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="m" value="900.0">
<quantity id="4F274ED15A32FF9C146FFA6DFC6CF9EC" box="[850,923,1522,1546]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EC253C1C5A32FF9C149AFA6EFBB9F9EF" box="[935,1102,1521,1546]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" value="2016-06-21" valueMax="2016-06-24" valueMin="2016-06-21">
<date id="FC61C5F45A32FF9C149AFA6EFBB9F9EF" box="[935,1102,1521,1546]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" value="2016-06-21" valueMax="2016-06-24" valueMin="2016-06-21">21-24.VI.2016</date>
</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName id="252A86E25A32FF9C1364FA6DFAF5F9EF" box="[1113,1282,1521,1546]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">G.R.P. Moreira</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="252A86E25A32FF9C1230FA6DFA90F9EF" box="[1293,1383,1521,1546]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">R. Brito</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="252A86E25A32FF9C12B7FA6DFEFDF9CB" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">J. Fochezato</collectorName>
legs.,
<specimenCount id="9ED928BD5A32FF9C1667F989FE5FF9CB" box="[346,424,1557,1582]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(DZ 33.373) (
<collectionCode id="EECE7BF15A32FF9C1569F989FD54F9CB" box="[596,675,1558,1582]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">DZUP</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<date id="FC61C5F45A32FF9C1587F98AFCA9F9CB" box="[698,862,1557,1582]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" value="2014-04-04" valueMax="2014-04-06" valueMin="2014-04-04">04-06.IV.2014</date>
, G.R.P. Moreira &amp; R. Brito legs., 1 male (MCTP 57.618) (MCTP).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C0C5B0BF5A32FF9C17FAF9C2FDF3F8E3" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8860E3345A32FF9C17FAF9C2FDF3F8E3" blockId="19.[151,1437,541,1798]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
<emphasis id="BAAB3F265A32FF9C17FAF9C2FEC3F993" bold="true" box="[199,308,1629,1654]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Remarks</emphasis>
. Immature stages and adults were illustrated and described in the original description, and information about life cycle was also provided. The authors highlight some additional diagnostic characters such as the acute cocoon-cutter and a group of small tergal spines followed by a pair of lateral setae from the second to seventh abdominal segment. On female genitalia, the authors highlight as unique a pair of signa located at the extremities of the corpus bursae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>