292 lines
35 KiB
XML
292 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="53E34EF51D651369F3489569C67B5C48" ID-CLB-Dataset="29552" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4483.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="48be31ab-c94e-4044-bc82-751bd71fe938" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1436632" ID-ZooBank="85962DD1-E874-4273-8B1A-FB45A7B965A3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1538071052148" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Knutson, Lloyd V., Deeming, John C. & Ebejer, Martin J." docDate="2018" docId="03D187E9FFAC4076BC873C19135CFDBF" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4483.1.3.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4483 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Parasepedon sensu Verbeke 1950" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="79" masterDocId="FFE8FF91FFA7407ABC1038591210FF82" masterDocTitle="The Snail-killing Flies (Diptera: Sciomyzidae) of West Africa" masterLastPageNumber="100" masterPageNumber="67" pageNumber="78" updateTime="1698554682055" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="94DD0E9B4CB4D47A456A98FBCA834FB5">The Snail-killing Flies (Diptera: Sciomyzidae) of West Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CC8F05B46CB03474F82B658769BC1EAA">Knutson, Lloyd V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5B8D835268F7AA48BB939DF48D601AFC">Deeming, John C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1D0D01C8DCE586D374E2330F379A2A63">Ebejer, Martin J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="5F7D05D952B43F264BD664EE262EF126">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="24C4CFACC582A3BA6FA723DE0C526100">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7E6EE35A887966F5B935EFAC2D17C1B1">2018-09-20</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="415E5E767AB775388CE844AD7864B2B5">4483</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03D187E9FFAC4076BC873C19135CFDBF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5981684" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148402988" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5981684" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187E9FFAC4076BC873C19135CFDBF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D187E9FFAC4076BC873C19135CFDBF" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
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<subSubSection id="C3626574FFAC4071BC873C1913A3FBDB" box="[151,435,1087,1114]" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC736FFFFAC4071BC873C1913A3FBDB" blockId="11.[151,435,1087,1114]" box="[151,435,1087,1114]" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
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<heading id="D08F8193FFAC4071BC873C1913A3FBDB" bold="true" box="[151,435,1087,1114]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071BC873C1913A3FBDB" bold="true" box="[151,435,1087,1114]" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
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Subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071BD073C6613A3FBDB" authorityName="sensu Verbeke" authorityYear="1950" box="[279,435,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Parasepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071BD073C6613A3FBDB" bold="true" box="[279,435,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Parasepedon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3626574FFAC4076BC873CDE173BFE52" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BC736FFFFAC4071BC873CDE1086FB1D" blockId="11.[151,1437,1158,2011]" box="[151,662,1158,1183]" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
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Comments on species groups in
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071BE123CDF1086FB1D" authorityName="sensu Verbeke" authorityYear="1950" box="[514,662,1158,1183]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Parasepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071BE123CDF1086FB1D" box="[514,662,1158,1183]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Parasepedon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC736FFFFAC4071BCD73CF31165F939" blockId="11.[151,1437,1158,2011]" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
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The many species-groups of
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071BE303CF310A4FB41" authorityName="sensu Verbeke" authorityYear="1950" box="[544,692,1194,1219]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Parasepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071BE303CF310A4FB41" box="[544,692,1194,1219]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Parasepedon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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proposed by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B0EFFAC4071BF4C3CF31619FB41" box="[860,1033,1194,1219]" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" refId="ref27401" refString="Verbeke, J. (1950) Sciomyzidae (Diptera Cyclorrhapha) Exploration du Parc national Albert, Mission de Witte (1933 - 1935). Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo belge, 66, 1 - 97." type="journal article">Verbeke (1950</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B0EFFAC4071B80A3CF31643FB41" box="[1050,1107,1194,1219]" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" refId="ref27491" refString="Verbeke, J. (1961) Sciomyzidae (Diptera Brachycera Malacophage). Exploration du Parc National de l'Upemba, Mission de Witte. Institut des Parcs nationaux du Congo et du Rwanda-Urundi, 61, 1 - 37." type="journal article">1961</bibRefCitation>
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) have not been rigourously discussed. With the large number of species in
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071BEB03C971124FB65" authorityName="sensu Verbeke" authorityYear="1950" box="[672,820,1230,1255]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Parasepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071BEB03C971124FB65" box="[672,820,1230,1255]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Parasepedon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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it is logical that there have been attempts to place them in groups. Furthermore, placing species in groups may be useful as indications of relationships that could be useful in working out the life cycles of many biologically unknown species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071BFFC3D4F1690FAAD" authorityName="sensu Verbeke" authorityYear="1950" box="[1004,1152,1302,1327]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Parasepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071BFFC3D4F1690FAAD" box="[1004,1152,1302,1327]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Parasepedon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Steyskal
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<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071B8EC3D4E1702FAAC" box="[1276,1298,1303,1326]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">in</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B0EFFAC4071B90C3D4F1356FAD1" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" refId="ref26885" refString="Steyskal, G. C. & Verbeke, J. (1956) Sepedoninae (Sciomyzidae, Diptera) from Africa and southern Arabia. Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, 32 (7), 1 - 14." type="journal article">Steyskal & Verbeke (1956)</bibRefCitation>
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stated (p. 3) “Verbeke has arranged the species [of
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071BF8C3D631620FAD1" authorityName="sensu Verbeke" authorityYear="1950" box="[924,1072,1338,1363]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Parasepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071BF8C3D631620FAD1" box="[924,1072,1338,1363]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Parasepedon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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] in seven groups designated by letters of the alphabet [but also with an included species name], but a few species do not fit well in any group, and it seems preferable not to make use of group designations.…”
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B0EFFAC4071BF673DDB162AFA19" box="[887,1082,1410,1435]" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" refId="ref27401" refString="Verbeke, J. (1950) Sciomyzidae (Diptera Cyclorrhapha) Exploration du Parc national Albert, Mission de Witte (1933 - 1935). Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo belge, 66, 1 - 97." type="journal article">Verbeke’s (1950)</bibRefCitation>
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seven groups of
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071B9183DDB178CFA19" authorityName="sensu Verbeke" authorityYear="1950" box="[1288,1436,1410,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Parasepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071B9183DDB178CFA19" box="[1288,1436,1410,1435]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Parasepedon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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including most but not all known species were “
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<collectingRegion id="49BCF81DFFAC4071BEA53DFE10DBFA3D" box="[693,715,1447,1471]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">A</collectingRegion>
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Groupe
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071BF3D3DFE11BAFA3D" authorityName="Adams" authorityYear="1905" box="[813,938,1447,1471]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornatifrons">
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<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071BF3D3DFE11BAFA3D" box="[813,938,1447,1471]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">ornatifrons</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—4 species; B Groupe
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071B8A13DFF1701FA3D" authorityName="Speiser" authorityYear="1910" box="[1201,1297,1446,1471]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="notambe">
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<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071B8A13DFF1701FA3D" box="[1201,1297,1446,1471]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">notambe</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—3 species; C Groupe
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071BD003D95139EFA61" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1862" box="[272,398,1484,1507]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convergens">
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<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071BD003D95139EFA61" box="[272,398,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">convergens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—3 species; D Groupe
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071BE8F3D93113CFA61" authorityName=", Macquart" authorityYear="1843" box="[671,812,1482,1507]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="senegalensis">
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<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071BE8F3D93113CFA61" box="[671,812,1482,1507]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">senegalensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—4 species; E Groupe
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<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071B8293D931689FA61" box="[1081,1177,1482,1507]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">ochripes</emphasis>
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—2 species; F Groupe
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<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071BC873DB61314F984" box="[151,260,1519,1542]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">paranana</emphasis>
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—3 species; G Groupe
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071BE043DB710BDF985" authorityName="Speiser" authorityYear="1910" box="[532,685,1518,1543]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trichrooscelis">
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<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071BE043DB710BDF985" box="[532,685,1518,1543]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">trichrooscelis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—6 species. However,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B0EFFAC4071BFA73DB71670F985" box="[951,1120,1518,1543]" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" refId="ref27491" refString="Verbeke, J. (1961) Sciomyzidae (Diptera Brachycera Malacophage). Exploration du Parc National de l'Upemba, Mission de Witte. Institut des Parcs nationaux du Congo et du Rwanda-Urundi, 61, 1 - 37." type="journal article">Verbeke (1961</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B0EFFAC4071B87E3DB716A7F985" box="[1134,1207,1518,1543]" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" refId="ref27574" refString="Verbeke, J. (1962 b) Contribution a l'etude des Dipteres malacophages. I. - Sciomyzidae nouVeaux ou peu connus d'Afrique du Sud et du Madagascar. Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, 38 (54), 1 - 16." type="journal article">1962b</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B0EFFAC4071B8D43DB716EDF985" box="[1220,1277,1518,1543]" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" refId="ref27623" refString="Verbeke, J. (1963) Sciomyzidae Sepedoninae (Diptera: Brachycera). Exploration du Parc National de la Garamba, Mission de Saeger, 39, 51 - 86." type="journal article">1963</bibRefCitation>
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) continued to use species-groups.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B0EFFAC4071BD6A3E4B1039F9A9" box="[378,553,1554,1579]" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" refId="ref27491" refString="Verbeke, J. (1961) Sciomyzidae (Diptera Brachycera Malacophage). Exploration du Parc National de l'Upemba, Mission de Witte. Institut des Parcs nationaux du Congo et du Rwanda-Urundi, 61, 1 - 37." type="journal article">Verbeke (1961)</bibRefCitation>
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provided a key and inadvertently added to the confusion by proposing a new arrangement of 9 species-groups for 29 species (some now synonyms), which became super-complicated.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B0EFFAC4071B9513E6F12F1F9F1" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" refId="ref27491" refString="Verbeke, J. (1961) Sciomyzidae (Diptera Brachycera Malacophage). Exploration du Parc National de l'Upemba, Mission de Witte. Institut des Parcs nationaux du Congo et du Rwanda-Urundi, 61, 1 - 37." type="journal article">Verbeke (1961)</bibRefCitation>
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renamed some of his 1950 groups, omitted some, added the
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071BF953E0511F1F9F1" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1862" box="[901,993,1628,1651]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedoninus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testacea">
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<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071BF953E0511F1F9F1" box="[901,993,1628,1651]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">testacea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group and
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<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071B84E3E0516B7F9F1" authorityName="Steyskal" authorityYear="1956" box="[1118,1191,1628,1651]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neavei">
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<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071B84E3E0516B7F9F1" box="[1118,1191,1628,1651]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">neavei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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subgroup, added new species to some groups, moved some species from the 1950 groups to the 1961 groups, and placed some species between groups, subsequent authors did not recognise his groups.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC736FFFFAC4071BCD73E9E1369F811" blockId="11.[151,1437,1158,2011]" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
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Knutson & Orth (2001) proposed nine groups for the world species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071B8003E9F167FF95D" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" box="[1040,1135,1734,1759]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071B8003E9F167FF95D" box="[1040,1135,1734,1759]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Sepedon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on a non-cladistic analysis of 22 morphological features of adults and two behavioural features of larvae. The entire subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071BC873F5713CBF8A5" authority="sensu Verbeke" authorityName="sensu Verbeke" authorityYear="1950" box="[151,475,1806,1831]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Parasepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071BC873F571364F8A4" box="[151,372,1806,1831]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Parasepedon sensu</emphasis>
|
||
Verbeke
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the Afrotropical Region was placed by them together with seven Oriental and Australian-Oceanian species as the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071BE3F3F6B10D8F8C9" authorityName="Speiser" authorityYear="1910" box="[559,712,1842,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trichrooscelis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071BE3F3F6B10D8F8C9" box="[559,712,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">trichrooscelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group; the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071BFD23F6B164BF8C9" authorityName="Verbeke" authorityYear="1950" box="[962,1115,1842,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Mesosepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071BFD23F6B164BF8C9" box="[962,1115,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Mesosepedon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
formed the
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071B8FA3F6B1759F8C9" box="[1258,1353,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">dispersa</emphasis>
|
||
group; and the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071BD2E3F0F13D5F8ED" authorityName="Verbeke" authorityYear="1950" box="[318,453,1878,1903]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071BD2E3F0F13D5F8ED" box="[318,453,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Sepedomyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
formed the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071BE443F0E108EF8EC" authorityName="Verbeke" authorityYear="1950" baseAuthorityName="Verbeke" baseAuthorityYear="1950" box="[596,670,1879,1902]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nasuta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071BE443F0E108EF8EC" box="[596,670,1879,1902]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">nasuta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group. Clearly the subgeneric and group classification of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071B92D3F0F178CF8ED" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" box="[1341,1436,1878,1903]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071B92D3F0F178CF8ED" box="[1341,1436,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Sepedon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remains unresolved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC736FFFFAC4076BCD73FC6173BFE52" blockId="11.[151,1437,1158,2011]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1436,151,464]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
|
||
Because of this confusion and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B0EFFAC4071BE343FC710F5F835" box="[548,741,1950,1975]" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" refId="ref27401" refString="Verbeke, J. (1950) Sciomyzidae (Diptera Cyclorrhapha) Exploration du Parc national Albert, Mission de Witte (1933 - 1935). Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo belge, 66, 1 - 97." type="journal article">Verbeke’s (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
misidentifications of species described by Loew, Becker and Adams, which further complicates the terminology, we do not recognize Verbeke’s groups of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAC4071B9113F9B1785F859" authorityName="sensu Verbeke" authorityYear="1950" box="[1281,1429,1986,2011]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Parasepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAC4071B9113F9B1785F859" box="[1281,1429,1986,2011]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Parasepedon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, we believe a new proposal of groups would be a useful result of an overall revision, and might also be useful as a starting point for a cladistic analysis of the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAB4076BF9838E5160CFF57" authorityName="sensu Verbeke" authorityYear="1950" box="[904,1052,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Parasepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076BF9838E5160CFF57" box="[904,1052,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">Parasepedon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We add
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAB4076B89D38E51057FF7A" authority="Verbeke, 1950" authorityName="Verbeke" authorityYear="1950" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="straeleni" subGenus="Parasepedon">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076B89D38E516FCFF57" box="[1165,1260,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">Sepedon</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076B8EF38E51783FF57" box="[1279,1427,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">Parasepedon</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076BC87388612E9FF7A" box="[151,249,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">straeleni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B0EFFAB4076BCEF388613B0FF7A" box="[255,416,223,248]" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" refId="ref27401" refString="Verbeke, J. (1950) Sciomyzidae (Diptera Cyclorrhapha) Exploration du Parc national Albert, Mission de Witte (1933 - 1935). Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo belge, 66, 1 - 97." type="journal article">Verbeke, 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076BDA03886102DFF7A" box="[432,573,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">Sepedoninus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAB4076BE833886113CFF7A" authorityName="Speiser" authorityYear="1910" box="[659,812,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trichrooscelis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076BE833886113CFF7A" box="[659,812,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">trichrooscelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B0EFFAB4076BF913886163EFF7A" box="[897,1070,223,248]" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" refId="ref27401" refString="Verbeke, J. (1950) Sciomyzidae (Diptera Cyclorrhapha) Exploration du Parc national Albert, Mission de Witte (1933 - 1935). Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo belge, 66, 1 - 97." type="journal article">Verbeke (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAB4076B8B63886178CFF7A" authorityName="Verbeke" authorityYear="1950" box="[1190,1436,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedoninus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="straeleni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076B8B63886178CFF7A" box="[1190,1436,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">Sepedoninus straeleni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from one female from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BCF81DFFAB4076BD8C395D13C4FE9F" box="[412,468,260,285]" country="Republic of the Congo" name="Sud-Kivu" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">Kivu</collectingRegion>
|
||
and misidentified males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAB4076BF05395C1185FE9F" authorityName="Verbeke" authorityYear="1950" box="[789,917,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedoninus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="straeleni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076BF05395C1133FE9E" box="[789,803,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076BF23395D1185FE9F" box="[819,917,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">straeleni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAB4076BFAE395C16D9FE9F" authority="Loew, 1862" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1862" box="[958,1225,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedoninus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testacea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076BFAE395C11DCFE9E" box="[958,972,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076BFCC395C1628FE9E" box="[988,1080,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">testacea</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B0EFFAB4076B851395C16D9FE9F" box="[1089,1225,260,285]" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" refId="ref26242" refString="Loew, H. (1862) Bidrag till kannedomen om Afrikas Diptera. Ofversigt af Konglige Vetenskaps-Akadademiens Forhhandlingar Stockholm, 19, 3 - 14." type="journal article">Loew, 1862</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. He noted that the “forceps” and aedeagus of specimens that he identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAB4076BF22397111BCFEC2" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1862" box="[818,940,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedoninus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testacea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076BF2239711150FEBD" box="[818,832,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076BF40397011BCFEC2" box="[848,940,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">testacea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
approach the form of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAB4076B8BE39711785FEC2" authorityName="Speiser" authorityYear="1910" box="[1198,1429,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trichrooscelis" subGenus="Parasepedon">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076B8BE397116ACFEBD" box="[1198,1212,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076B8C5397016F3FEC2" box="[1237,1251,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">P</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076B8EC397E1785FEC2" box="[1276,1429,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">trichrooscelis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Strangely, in his handwritten (
|
||
<date id="FFC6103FFFAB4076BE113915106DFEE7" box="[513,637,332,357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" value="1968-12">Dec. 1968</date>
|
||
) notes on the draft of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B0EFFAB4076BF8D39151676FEE6" box="[925,1126,332,356]" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" refId="ref26011" refString="Knutson, L. V., Stephenson, J. W. & Berg, C. O. (1970) Biosystematic studies on Salticella fasciata (Meigen), a snail-killing fly (Diptera: Sciomyzidae). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 122 (3), 81 - 100." type="journal article">Knutson’s (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
catalogue of Afrotropical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAB4076BC873936139CFE0A" authority="Verbeke" authorityName="Verbeke" box="[151,396,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sciomyzidae Verbeke</taxonomicName>
|
||
wrote “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAB4076BDFA3936105CFE0A" authorityName="Verbeke" authorityYear="1950" box="[490,588,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedoninus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="straeleni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076BDFA3936105CFE0A" box="[490,588,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">straeleni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a synonym to [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAB4076BF0C393611B9FE0A" authorityName="Verbeke" authorityYear="1950" box="[796,937,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedoninus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076BF0C393611B9FE0A" box="[796,937,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">Sepedoninus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAB4076BFAC3928167DFE0A" authority="Verb." authorityName="Verbeke" authorityYear="1950" box="[956,1133,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedoninus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvisetis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076BFAC39281637FE0A" box="[956,1063,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">curvisetis</emphasis>
|
||
Verb.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(unpublished in my check list)”. This is clearly an error, but we mention this because it might help to explain Verbeke’s identifications of specimens in the collections of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BCF81DFFAB4076BDE739EE1046FE52" box="[503,598,439,464]" country="Belgium" name="Region de Bruxelles-Capitale" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">Brussels</collectingRegion>
|
||
and/or Tervuren in his later publications (1961, 1962a, b, 1963).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3626574FFAB4076BC8739A6135CFDBF" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC736FFFFAB4076BC8739A6135CFDBF" blockId="12.[151,1436,511,573]" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6811D1FFAB4076BC8739A6135CFDBF" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAB4076BC8739A6101CFD9A" authority="Verbeke, 1950: 37" authorityName="sensu Verbeke" authorityPageNumber="37" authorityYear="1950" box="[151,524,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Parasepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076BC8739A6133BFD9A" box="[151,299,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">Parasepedon</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD910EEFFAB4076BD2539A6101CFD9A" author="" box="[309,524,511,536]" page="37" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B0EFFAB4076BD2539A613CFFD9A" box="[309,479,511,536]" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" refId="ref27401" refString="Verbeke, J. (1950) Sciomyzidae (Diptera Cyclorrhapha) Exploration du Parc national Albert, Mission de Witte (1933 - 1935). Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo belge, 66, 1 - 97." type="journal article">Verbeke, 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 37
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Type species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C784D7CFFAB4076BED139A61625FD9A" ID-CoL="8DVNN" authority="Speiser, 1910" authorityName="Speiser" authorityYear="1910" box="[705,1077,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Sciomyzidae" genus="Sepedon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="notambe">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90CEAEDFFAB4076BED139A6119CFD9A" box="[705,908,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">Sepedon notambe</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B0EFFAB4076BF8639A61625FD9A" box="[918,1077,511,536]" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" refId="ref26651" refString="Speiser, P. (1910) Cyclorrhapha. In: Sjostedt, Y. (Ed.), Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der schwedischen zoologischen Expedition nach dem Kilimandjaro. Vol. 2. Pt. 10. Diptera. Palmquist, Stockholm, pp. 113 - 202." type="book chapter">Speiser, 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. By designation of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B0EFFAB4076B90D39A61357FDBF" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" refId="ref26885" refString="Steyskal, G. C. & Verbeke, J. (1956) Sepedoninae (Sciomyzidae, Diptera) from Africa and southern Arabia. Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, 32 (7), 1 - 14." type="journal article">Steyskal & Verbeke (1956)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |