317 lines
36 KiB
XML
317 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.454.8558" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f5af9f55-0247-431c-8785-3560798260c8" ID-PMC="PMC4258739" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-454-41" ID-PubMed="25493066" ID-ZBK="59DD67E9ABBE4EE2A5DF3AF8D02A34E8" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-454-41" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 454" ModsDocTitle="The first sexual associations in the genus Darditilla Casal, 1965 (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae)" checkinTime="1451245121117" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Luz, David R. & Williams, Kevin A." docDate="2014" docId="DEAED5323D2677A98D734E6B61BB53C0" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 454: 41-68" docOrigin="ZooKeys 454" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.454.8558" docTitle="Darditilla felina Burmeister 1854" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="19471237FF917736FFEB680C4740E262" masterDocTitle="The first sexual associations in the genus Darditilla Casal, 1965 (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="41" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1668159604872" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The first sexual associations in the genus Darditilla Casal, 1965 (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Luz, David R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Williams, Kevin A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>454</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>41</mods:start>
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<mods:end>68</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.454.8558</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.454.8558</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-454-41</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">59DD67E9ABBE4EE2A5DF3AF8D02A34E8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">59DD67E9ABBE4EE2A5DF3AF8D02A34E8</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152056345" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DEAED5323D2677A98D734E6B61BB53C0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DEAED5323D2677A98D734E6B61BB53C0" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="11" pageNumber="52">
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="52" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="52">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Mutillidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="52">
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<taxonomicName authority="Burmeister, 1854" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1854" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla felina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felina">Darditilla felina (Burmeister, 1854)</taxonomicName>
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Figs 7-8, 21-24
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="53" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Mutilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mutilla felina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felina">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="53" start="start">Mutilla</pageBreakToken>
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felina
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</taxonomicName>
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Burmeister, 1854. Abh. naturf. Ges. Halle 2: 26. Holotype female, Brazil, Novo-Friburgo (MLUH, not examined).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Mutilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mutilla parasitica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parasitica">Mutilla parasitica</taxonomicName>
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Smith, 1879: 213. Holotype female, Brazil, Constancia (NHM, examined), synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation author="Mickel, CE" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B)" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" pagination="163 - 171" title="Synonymical notes on Neotropical Mutillidae (Hymenoptera)." volume="33" year="1964">Mickel (1964</bibRefCitation>
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: 166).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Mutilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mutilla decorosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decorosa">Mutilla decorosa</taxonomicName>
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Kohl, 1882. Holotype female, Brasilia (NMW, examined through photographs). syn. n.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Mutilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mutilla decorosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decorosa">Mutilla decorosa</taxonomicName>
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Kohl:
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<bibRefCitation author="Nonveiller, G" journalOrPublisher="SPB Academic Publishing, Den Haag" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" title="Catalogue of the Mutillidae, Myrmosidae and Bradynobaenidae of the Neotropical Region including Mexico (Insecta, Hymenoptera). Hymenopterorum Catalogus" year="1990">Nonveiller 1990</bibRefCitation>
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: 113, ♀ (incertae sedis).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="53" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="53">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
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Male. The male of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla felina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felina">Darditilla felina</taxonomicName>
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is easily recognized by having a unique clypeus, with the ventral margin, often hyaline, raised broadly lamellate (Fig. 7D), and the penis valve, which is unidentade apically (Fig. 23).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
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Figure 7.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla felina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felina">Darditilla felina</taxonomicName>
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(Burmeister), male: A habitus, dorsal view B habitus, lateral view C head, dorsal view D head, anterior view E metasoma, dorsal view F T5, T6 and pydigium, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
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Female. This female can be separated from all other southern and southeastern Brazillian
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Darditilla</taxonomicName>
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by the large, coalescing lateral orange spots of T2 (Fig. 8D), and the large coalescing lateral patches of silver to pale golden setae on the propodeum (Fig. 8A).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
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Figure 8.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla felina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felina">Darditilla felina</taxonomicName>
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(Burmeister), female: A habitus, dorsal view B habitus, lateral view C head, anterior view D metasoma, dorsal view E T5 and pydigium, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="12" pageNumber="53" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="53">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="12" pageNumber="53">
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Male. Body length 5.8-9.4 mm.
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<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="54" start="start">Coloration</pageBreakToken>
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. Body and appendages black, except mandibles and metasoma dark brown apically and ventral margin of clypeus often hyaline. Tibial spurs white. Forewing slightly and uniformly infuscated between veins, veins brown; hindwing slightly infuscated. Body clothed with whitish setae, except dorsoposterior portion of pronotum, axilla, scutellum, disc of T2, T6 and T7 with scattered brownish setae, mesoscutum and tegula with dark brown setae, bristles of tergal fringes silver to pale yellowish. Head. Rounded posteriorly. Head width 1.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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pronotal width. Eye transversely ovate. Ocelli small; ocellocular distance 7.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of lateral ocellus, interocellar distance 2.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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lateral ocellus length. Occipital carina distinct, extending ventrally almost to level of oral fossa. Punctation on front dense, interspaces micropunctate; gena densely punctate, interspaces with sparse micropunctures; and vertex moderately punctate, interspaces glabrous. Gena ecarinate. Antennal scrobe broadly concave to eye margin, lacking dorsal carina or tubercle. Clypeus densely punctate, with small median concavity and raised broadly bilobate lamellate ventral margin. Scape unicarinate ventrally. Flagellomere 1 1.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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pedicel length; flagellomere 2 1.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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pedicel length. Mandible convergent to bidentate apex, dorsal carina gradually becoming obsolete near inner tooth; edentate ventrally. Mesosoma. Epaulets weakly produced. Pronotal dorsum densely punctate; anterior face obscurely punctate laterally and smooth medially; lateral face densely punctate. Tegula evenly convex, glabrous except with long recumbent setae anterolaterally and posteromesally. Mesoscutum with dense coarse punctures; posterolateral corner forming a small angulate lobe. Scutellum slightly convex, with coarse punctures. Axilla flat and punctate, except lateral margin with narrow vertical lamella. Metanotum surface obscured by dense shaggy mesally facing recumbent setae. Propodeum convex, broadly and deeply reticulate except smooth and shining adjacent to metapleuron. Mesopleuron moderately punctate, interspaces micropunctate. Metapleuron smooth and shining ventrally, setose and micropunctate dorsally. Wings. Forewing with moderate elongate sclerotized pterostigma; marginal cell broadly rounded; three submarginal cells, third scarcely delimited by obscure venation. Legs. Mid- and hind tibiae lacking strong spines, distinct apical secretory pore on inner surface near base of inner spur; spurs finely serrate on margins. Metasoma. T1gradually broadened from base, not constricted apically, sessile with T2, 0.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width of T2, sparsely coarsely punctate; apex with fringe of simple setae or thickened bristles. T2 with coarse to moderate punctures, interspaces smooth and generally broader than punctures; apex with fringe interspersed recumbent thickened parallel bristles; felt line 0.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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lateral length of T2. T3-5 densely and finely punctate, covered with interspersed erect and recumbent setae, except fringes with row of bristles as in T2. T6 densely punctate, covered with less dense recumbent and erect setae. T7 in basal half with densely and coarsely punctures; posterior half forming oval pygidium margined laterally by a strong sharp carina, apical margin rounded, microgranulate with numerous large irregular rugae. S1 punctate and setose, with low medial longitudinal carina extending from base to apex. S2 moderately punctate. S3-6 moderately and finely punctate, with fairly sparse erect and recumbent setae. Lateral margins of S2-5 sometimes with similar bristles to those of T2-6. S7 transversely rectangular. Hypopygium coarsely punctate, posterior margin straight with small medial emargination. Genitalia (Figs 21-24). Paramere tapering apically, moderately curved ventrally on basal half, scattered setae along inner and lateral margins. Cuspis angulate apically, extending ~0.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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free length of paramere, with densely setose oblique ventral surface. Digitus laterally compressed and rounded apically, extending ~0.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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free length of paramere, asetose. Penis valve asetose, unidentate apically, basoventral margin with two minute teeth, basodorsal margin with slight tubercle.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="13" pageNumber="54">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="54">
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Figures 9-24. Male genitalia of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Darditilla</taxonomicName>
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species: dorsal view (left), ventral view (middle), lateral view of penis valve (above), and lateral view with penis valve removed (right). 9-12
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla amabilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amabilis">Darditilla amabilis</taxonomicName>
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13-16
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla bejaranoi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bejaranoi">Darditilla bejaranoi</taxonomicName>
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17-20
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla debilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="debilis">Darditilla debilis</taxonomicName>
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21-24
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla felina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felina">Darditilla felina</taxonomicName>
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. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="13" pageNumber="54">
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Extended female diagnosis. Body length 5.7-11.9 mm.
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<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="55" start="start">Coloration</pageBreakToken>
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. Body entirely black, except T2 with large, coalescing lateral orange spots and S2 often orange basomedially. Appendages variable, ranging from entirely black to entirely orangish. Tibial spurs whitish. Head with sparse erect black setae. Mesosoma with sparse erect black setae, except propodeum with coalescing large lateral patch of silver to pale golden setae. Posterior fringes of T1 and T2 black; T2 setae black anteriorly and posteriorly, pale golden laterally, and reddish orange on orange integumental spots; T3-6 clothed with silver to golden setae.
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<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="56" start="start">Head</pageBreakToken>
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. Transverse, posterior margin flat, occipital carina obscure. Head width 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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pronotal width. Eye slightly ovate transversely, ommatidia distinct. Front, vertex and gena densely punctate. Genal carina well-defined, terminating in sharp angle posterior to hypostomal carina. Clypeus with transverse glabrous concavity, margined by dorsal and ventral carinae, between widely separated lateral teeth. Mandible tapering to apex, with tooth in basal third and in apical third, unarmed ventrally. Antennal scrobe with complete dorsal carina. Antennal tubercle punctate basally and on anterior face, glabrous dorsally. Scape simple, moderately punctate. Flagellomere 1 2.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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pedicel length; flagellomere 2 1.25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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pedicel length. Mesosoma. Mesosomal length 1.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width. Mesosomal dorsum densely reticulate, propodeal reticulae broader. Lateral pronotal carina extending to epaulet, humeral angle obtusely angulate. Mesopleuron densely punctate and setose, posterior margin defined by vertical carina. Metapleuron and lateral face of propodeum smooth and shining dorsally with isolated fine setae, micropunctate and densely setose ventrally. In dorsal view, mesosoma broadened to anterior third, strongly narrowed at propodeal spiracle, propodeum abruptly broadened. Scutellar scale lacking. Propodeum convex, dorsal and lateral faces not obviously differentiated. Legs. Foreleg with a few long strong articulated spines on posterior/lateral margins of tarsomeres. Mid- and hind tibiae each with one rows of prominent spines, 5 spines in each row; apical spurs finely serrated laterally. Hind tibia with distinct secretory pore on inner/posterior surface near base of inner spur. Metasoma. T1gradually broadened from base, not constricted apically, sessile with T2, 0.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as wide as T2; anterior face moderately punctate and setose. T2 densely punctate, punctures slightly larger and sparser anterolaterally on orange spots; felt line broad, 0.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as T2 laterally. T3-5 densely punctate. Pygidium broad and slightly convex, lateral margins defined by distinct weakly bowed carina, posterior margin rounded and defined by indistinct carina, granulate. S1 punctate, with obscure blackish median carina. S2 moderately punctate. S3-6 densely punctate.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="15" pageNumber="56" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="56">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="15" pageNumber="56">
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Type material. Holotypes:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Mutilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mutilla parasitica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parasitica">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="57" start="start">Mutilla</pageBreakToken>
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parasitica
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</taxonomicName>
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, 'CONSTANCIA\Jan 1857.\H.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Clark’">Clark'</normalizedToken>
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'
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Mutilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mutilla" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mutilla</taxonomicName>
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\
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<taxonomicName lsidName="parasitica" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="parasitica">parasitica</taxonomicName>
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\ (Type)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Sm’">Sm'</normalizedToken>
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(handwritten label)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Type’">'Type'</normalizedToken>
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(round, red-edged label) 'B.M. TYPE\HYM.\15.871' [1 female: NHM];
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Mutilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mutilla decorosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decorosa">Mutilla decorosa</taxonomicName>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Wthm.’">'Wthm.'</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘6648’">'6648'</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Brasilia\Macalú’">'Brasilia\Macalu'</normalizedToken>
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(handwritten label) '
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<taxonomicName lsidName="decorosa" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="decorosa">decorosa</taxonomicName>
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Kohl\
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Type’">Type'</normalizedToken>
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(handwritten label) '
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<taxonomicName lsidName="decorosa" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="decorosa">decorosa</taxonomicName>
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\Type.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kohl’">Kohl'</normalizedToken>
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(handwritten label) 'HT
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<taxonomicName lsidName="decorosa" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="decorosa">decorosa</taxonomicName>
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' (handwritten label) '
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Pseudomethoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudomethoca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudomethoca</taxonomicName>
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\
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<taxonomicName lsidName="decorosa" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="decorosa">decorosa</taxonomicName>
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(Kohl)\det.R.Cambra 2012' (handwritten label) [1 female: NMW]. Other material. 143 males and 36 females as follows: BRAZIL: Mato Grosso do Sul: Aquidauana, malaise 09,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-20.435276">20°26'07"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-55.65917">55°39'33"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 11-26.X.2011 (Lamas & Nihei) [2 males: MZSP];
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
|
||
:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Capitão">Capitao</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Leônidas">Leonidas</normalizedToken>
|
||
Marques, Salto Caxias, 3-10.XI.2004 (E.D.G. Soares) [18 males: DZUP]; Fazenda do
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jordão">Jordao</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Posto Florestal, Salto Segredo, 6-10.X.2004 (E.D.G. Soares) [5 males: DZUP]; same locality, 13-20.X.2004 (E.D.G. Soares) [3 males: DZUP]; Piraquara, Mananciais da Serra, 2.XII.2005 (L.C. Rocha-Filho) [1 female: DZUP]; same locality, 2.I.2006 (L.C. Rocha-Filho) [1 female: DZUP]; same locality, 30.XI.2005 (L.C. Rocha-Filho) [2 males: DZUP]; same locality, 10.I.2001 (G.A.R. Melo) [2 females: DZUP]; same locality, 27.I.2001 (G.A.R. Melo) [1 male: DZUP]; same locality, 9.III.2002 (Garcia, E.Q.) [1 female: DZUP]; same locality, 24.IV.2002 (Garcia, E.Q.) [1 female: DZUP]; same locality, 12.XII.2002 (Garcia, E.Q.) [1 female: DZUP]; same locality, 5.II.2003 (Garcia, E.Q.) [2 females: DZUP]; same locality, 1.II.2003 (Garcia, E.Q.) [1 female: DZUP]; same locality, 8.II.2003 (Garcia, E.Q.) [1 female: DZUP]; same locality, 26.II.2003 (Garcia, E.Q.) [2 females: DZUP]; same locality, 27.II.2003 (Garcia, E.Q.) [2 females: DZUP]; same locality, 14.III.2003 (Garcia, E.Q.) [1 female: DZUP]; Ponta Grossa, Lageado, II.1957 (Justus) [1 female: DZUP]; Parque Estadual Vila Velha, 25.X.1999 (Ganho & Marinoni) [3 males: DZUP]; same locality, 1.XI.1999 (Ganho & Marinoni) [11 males: DZUP]; same locality, 8.XI.1999 (Ganho & Marinoni) [7 males: DZUP]; same locality, 15.XI.1999 (Ganho & Marinoni) [1 female, 6 males: DZUP]; same locality, 22.XI.1999 (Ganho & Marinoni) [10 males: DZUP]; same locality, 29.XI.1999 (Ganho & Marinoni) [2 males: DZUP]; same locality, 6.XII.1999 (Ganho & Marinoni) [2 males: DZUP]; same locality, 20.XII.1999 (Ganho & Marinoni) [1 female, 1 male: DZUP]; same locality, 27.XII.1999 (Ganho & Marinoni) [1 male: DZUP]; same locality, 23.X.2000 (Ganho & Marinoni) [4 males: DZUP]; same locality, 30.X.2000 (Ganho & Marinoni) [1 male: DZUP]; same locality, 6.XI.2000 (Ganho & Marinoni) [3 males: DZUP]; same locality, 13.XI.2000 (Ganho & Marinoni) [4 males: DZUP]; same locality, 20.XI.2000 (Ganho & Marinoni) [1 male: DZUP]; same locality, 27.XI.2000 (Ganho & Marinoni) [4 males: DZUP]; same locality, 4.XII.2000 (Ganho & Marinoni) [1 female, 3 males: DZUP]; same locality, 1.I.2001 (Ganho & Marinoni) [1 female: DZUP]; same locality, 29.X.2001 (Ganho & Marinoni) [1 female: DZUP]; same locality, 29.X.2001 (Ganho & Marinoni) [4 males: DZUP]; same locality, 5.XI.2001 (Ganho & Marinoni) [1 female: DZUP]; same locality, 12.XI.2001 (Ganho & Marinoni) [6 males: DZUP]; same locality, 26.XI.2001 (Ganho & Marinoni) [11 males: DZUP]; same locality, 3.XII.2001 (Ganho & Marinoni) [2 males: DZUP]; same locality, 26.XI.2001 (Ganho & Marinoni) [2 females: DZUP]; same locality, 24.XII.2001 (Ganho & Marinoni) [1 female: DZUP]; same locality, 28.I.2002 (Ganho & Marinoni) [1 female: DZUP]; same locality, 18.III.2002 (Ganho & Marinoni) [1 female: DZUP];
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
dos Pinhais, 17-27.XII.1984 (C.I.I.F.) [1 male: DZUP]; same locality, 22-29.X.1984 (C.I.I.F.) [1 male: DZUP]; same locality, 17-27.XII.1984 (C.I.I.F.) [1 male: DZUP]; Rio de Janeiro: Itatiala, 6 km NW de Itatiala, PN Itatiaia, 28.X.2011 (D.R. Luz) [1 female, 1 pair in copula: DZUP]; Novo Friburgo, I.2013 (P.C. Grossi) [1 male: DZUP]; Represa Rio Grande, 20.V.1967 (F.M. Oliveira) [1 female: DZUP]; Teresopolis, P.N. Serra das
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Orgãos">Orgaos</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-22.433332">22°26'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-42.933334">42°56'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 31.X-5.XI.2004 (A.L.B.G. Peronti) [1 male: UFES]; Santa Catarina: Corupa, I.1954 (A. Maller) [1 female: MNRJ]; same locality, II.1954 (A. Maller) [2 females: MNRJ];
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Paulo: Americo Brasiliense Clube Nautico, Cerrado, 25-29.IX.1999 (M.T. Tavares) [1 male: UFES]; Cajuru, Fazenda Santa Carlota, 17.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="XI–">XI-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.XII.1999 (G.A.R. Melo & Nascimento) [2 males: DZUP]; Campos do
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jordão">Jordao</normalizedToken>
|
||
, XI.1957 (K. Lenko) [1 female: DZUP]; Eug. Lefevre, 1.XI.1937 (Travassos, Lopes e Oiticica) [1 female: MNRJ];
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Riberão">Riberao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Grande, P.E. Intervales: ponto 2,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-24.274721">24°16'29"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-48.42139">48°25'17"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 22.XII.2009 (N.W. Perioto) [3 males: MZSP]; same locality, ponto 3,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-24.274445">24°16'28"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-48.421947">48°25'19"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 23.XI.2009 (N.W. Perioto) [6 males: MZSP]; same locality, 22.I.2010 (N.W. Perioto) [2 males: MZSP]; same locality, 22.XI.2010 (N.W. Perioto) [2 males: MZSP]; same locality, ponto 4,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-24.274721">24°16'29"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-48.4225">48°25'21"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 20.XII.2010 (N.W. Perioto) [2 males: MZSP]; PARAGUAY: San Pedro: Rio Ypane, Cororo, XII.1983 (M.A. Fritz) [1 male: AMNH]; same locality, 24-27.XI.1983 (M. Wasbauer) [1 male: EMUS].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="57" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="57">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="57">This species is distributed throughout the Atlantic Rainforest of Brazil and Paraguay.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="57" type="host">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="57">Host.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="57">Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="16" pageNumber="57" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="57">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="16" pageNumber="57">
|
||
The sexes of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla felina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felina">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="58" start="start">Darditilla</pageBreakToken>
|
||
felina
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were associated based on collection of a mating pair in the Parque Nacional do Itatiaia in Rio de Janeiro state. DRL discovered the male and female together, already in copula, on leaf litter in a trail through the forest. The male that
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Burmeister, HCC" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft zu Halle" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" pagination="19 - 29" title="Uebersicht der brasilianischen Mutillen." volume="2" year="1854">Burmeister (1854)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
originally associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla felina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felina">Darditilla felina</taxonomicName>
|
||
was recognized as
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephuta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephuta inaurata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inaurata">Ephuta inaurata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Smith, 1855) by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mickel, CE" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B)" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" pagination="163 - 171" title="Synonymical notes on Neotropical Mutillidae (Hymenoptera)." volume="33" year="1964">Mickel (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="58">
|
||
Both sexes of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla felina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felina">Darditilla felina</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been examined from throughout the Atlantic Rainforest. The subspecies,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla felina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="felina" subspecies="agatas">Darditilla felina agatas</taxonomicName>
|
||
Casal, 1968 differs from typical females of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla felina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felina">Darditilla felina</taxonomicName>
|
||
in setal coloration and is known from two specimes from the Chaco region of Bolivia. It is unclear whether this is a valid species, valid subspecies, or a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla felina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felina">Darditilla felina</taxonomicName>
|
||
without study of further specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="58">
|
||
Females that key (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Casal, OH" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina" pageId="18" pageNumber="59" pagination="83 - 96" title="Aportaciones para el conocimiento de las Mutillidae de la Republica Argentina. I. - Las hembras del genero Darditilla (Hymenoptera)." volume="30" year="1968 a">Casal 1968a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla felina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felina">Darditilla felina</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been examined from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rondônia">Rondonia</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Although these females match
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla felina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felina">Darditilla felina</taxonomicName>
|
||
in coloration, their genal carina is different.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla felina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felina">Darditilla felina</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the genal carina extending from the posterior head margin to below the eye, where it terminates at an angle; this putative new species has the genal carina extending nearly to the hypostomal carina where it gradually terminates. We refrain from describing the species at this time because the focus of this manuscript is southern and southeastern Brazillian
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Darditilla</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the male is yet unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="58">
|
||
Females show extensive variation in coloration of the legs. Many specimens have the legs entirely orange, while other specimens, including the female from the mating pair, have the legs partially darkened or entirely black. In an unpublished key to female
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Pseudomethoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudomethoca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudomethoca</taxonomicName>
|
||
types, Mickel separated
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla felina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felina">Darditilla felina</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Mutilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mutilla decorosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decorosa">Mutilla decorosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Kohl, 1882) on the basis of leg color. Photographs of the type of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Mutilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mutilla decorosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decorosa">Mutilla decorosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
were provided by Dominique Zimmermann (NMW) and it is a perfect match for the orange-legged form of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla felina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felina">Darditilla felina</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As such, we place
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Mutilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mutilla decorosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decorosa">Mutilla decorosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Darditilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Darditilla felina" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felina">Darditilla felina</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |