1340 lines
166 KiB
XML
1340 lines
166 KiB
XML
<document id="347064DDE123C06D281D421AAC53E6D2" ID-CLB-Dataset="26078" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4651.3.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7241cccf-a1ad-4a08-acb6-cff27cb2b883" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3363353" ID-ZooBank="FA2E3659-C2A3-45E9-BBB0-3798EE05808E" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1565269894636" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Moraes-Da-Silva, Antonio, Amaro, Renata Cecília, Sales Nunes, Pedro M., Strüssmann, Christine, Junior, Mauro Teixeira, Jr, Albedi Andrade, Sudré, Vinícius, Recoder, Renato, Rodrigues, Miguel Trefaut & Curcio, Felipe Franco" docDate="2019" docId="00047545FFDAFFEBAFDAFCA4EA7FEC76" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4651.3.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4651 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Helicops boitata Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="457" masterDocId="FC3D0D3DFFDFFFE7AF4DFFFDEB10EE15" masterDocTitle="Chance, luck and a fortunate finding: a new species of watersnake of the genus Helicops Wagler, 1828 (Serpentes: Xenodontinae), from the Brazilian Pantanal wetlands" masterLastPageNumber="470" masterPageNumber="445" pageNumber="450" updateTime="1702003048793" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="12D22A16B7E6050D4E910CD45178AFCE">Chance, luck and a fortunate finding: a new species of watersnake of the genus Helicops Wagler, 1828 (Serpentes: Xenodontinae), from the Brazilian Pantanal wetlands</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="ECF88C34F9694681E8AF06C7F50C2E89">Moraes-Da-Silva, Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B8686272AF1D1A739F45AB70680E323C">Amaro, Renata Cecília</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C03A79E05D08F04F72708BFCF96188B5">Sales Nunes, Pedro M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E0297C22B10B0A94AA3C23487E992446">Strüssmann, Christine</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="484B61A60E30495ADC08F93309E4CC6E">Junior, Mauro Teixeira</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A5CDE4D184F05DD3A4D5D6EADCF2C776">Jr, Albedi Andrade</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="30AD7637B87FE6C998AA8C4218E3FD13">Sudré, Vinícius</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1E7231C73114F627E6E7C602AB2E120C">Recoder, Renato</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F9E855029B377F7633A3753DF78AFCD9">Rodrigues, Miguel Trefaut</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5FDAB62874062F612602479DBEDC9346">Curcio, Felipe Franco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A0CABC70A2832C352B96B0BAC31D9114">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="83B45A22C28747311329C5DE54CB924A">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C7AD59357DDC3F65F0B10469A848979B">2019-08-06</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C902641666F886276B17A29A776B787C">4651</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="82B8AC8AE973D67069B530F2FFB88CFC">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="2128EB606EA82973C0399448C0A800C4" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4651.3.3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="938FC94F8786507ED141ED90622AD530" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4EBAF1457A745CF1D8E6A9660BE78A7D" type="Zenodo-Dep">3363353</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="00047545FFDAFFEBAFDAFCA4EA7FEC76" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159043796" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:00047545FFDAFFEBAFDAFCA4EA7FEC76" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/00047545FFDAFFEBAFDAFCA4EA7FEC76" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="457" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">
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<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AFDAFCA4EA4BED61" authority="Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio, 2019" authorityName="Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,347,857,884]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boitata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AFDAFCA4EA4BED61" bold="true" box="[151,347,857,884]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Helicops boitata</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A1EAA53AFFDAFFE2AE2EFCA4EAD0ED66" box="[355,448,857,883]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="C0B797D8FFDAFFE2AFDAFC81EA02ED82" box="[151,274,892,919]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8812C453FFDAFFE2AFDAFC81EA02ED82" blockId="5.[151,448,857,919]" box="[151,274,892,919]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1096D8D6FFDAFFE2AFD2FC81EA1AED82" box="[159,266,892,919]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5" captionStart-4="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="9.[151,250,1287,1312]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,250,1027,1052]" captionStartId-2="11.[151,250,1577,1602]" captionStartId-3="12.[151,250,1560,1585]" captionStartId-4="13.[151,250,1789,1814]" captionTargetBox-0="[154,1432,316,1248]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,274,1002]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,273,1557]" captionTargetBox-3="[182,1405,652,1522]" captionTargetBox-4="[210,1377,360,1761]" captionTargetId-0="figure@9.[151,1435,309,1268]" captionTargetId-1="figure@10.[151,1435,273,1008]" captionTargetId-2="figure@11.[151,1435,273,1557]" captionTargetId-3="figure@12.[151,1435,633,1541]" captionTargetId-4="figure@13.[170,1417,345,1770]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionTargetPageId-2="11" captionTargetPageId-3="12" captionTargetPageId-4="13" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Dorsal and ventral views of the holotype of Helicops boitata (UFMT-R 11940), from the margins of Transpantaneira Road, region of Poconé, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Scale bar = 100 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Dorsal, ventral, and lateral (left/right) views of the head of the holotype of Helicops boitata (UFMT-R 11940), from the margins of Transpantaneira Road, region of Poconé, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Scale bar = 10 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. General views of dorsum, venter and detail of head of the holotype of Helicops boitata (UFMT-R 11940) in life (SVL 437 mm, tail length 205 mm), from the margins of Transpantaneira Road, region of Poconé, state of Mato Grosso, Bra- zil." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. Distributional records of Helicops species occurring in the Pantanal and neighboring ecoregions. Symbols denote the type-locality of Helicops boitata (black triangle), as well as localities with vouchers of H. angulatus (white crosses), H. leopardinus (white diamonds), and H. polylepis (white circles). The white circle marked with an asterisk refer to a specimen determined as Helicops polylepis from São Domingos, state of Mato Grosso (IBSP 31712), destroyed by fire on May 15th of 2010." captionText-4="FIGURE 6. Sulcate (left) and asulcate (right) faces of the fully everted and maximally expanded hemipenis (right organ) of the holotype of Helicops boitata (UFMT-R 11940), from the margins of Transpantaneira Road, region of Poconé, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3363359/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3363362/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3363366/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/3363368/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/3363370/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Figs. 2–6</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C0B797D8FFDAFFE0AFDAFC3EEF9CEA6A" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="452" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" type="materials_examined">
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.
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<collectorName id="2558A185FFDAFFE2AE5FFC3EEA24EDC8" box="[274,308,963,989]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">An</collectorName>
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adult male (
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) collected on
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May 1
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2016
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by
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<collectorName id="2558A185FFDAFFE2AC91FC3EEF4DEDC9" box="[988,1117,962,989]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">F.F. Curcio</collectorName>
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;
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<collectorName id="2558A185FFDAFFE2AB24FC3EEE00EDC8" box="[1129,1296,962,989]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">M. Teixeira Jr.</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="2558A185FFDAFFE2AA50FC3EEE8CEDC9" box="[1309,1436,962,989]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">R. Recoder</collectorName>
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and
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<collectorName id="2558A185FFDAFFE2AF85FC1BEA39EA15" box="[200,297,998,1024]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">V. Sudré</collectorName>
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at
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<collectorName id="2558A185FFDAFFE2AE02FC1BE956EA15" box="[335,582,998,1024]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Transpantaneira Road</collectorName>
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(
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,
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;
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above sea level
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), municipality of
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<location id="8D729288FFDAFFE2AFDAFBF4EBFCEA36" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:00047545FFDAFFEBAFDAFCA4EA7FEC76:8D729288FFDAFFE2AFDAFBF4EBFCEA36" box="[151,236,1033,1059]" country="Brazil" latitude="-16.42255" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-56.670177" name="Pocone" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Poconé</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="4A690AB1FFDAFFE2AFB5FBF4EAD6EA36" box="[248,454,1033,1059]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Mato Grosso state</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F0BA84C3FFDAFFE2AE9CFBF4E905EA36" box="[465,533,1033,1059]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1096D8D6FFDAFFE2AD68FBF4E979EA36" box="[549,617,1032,1059]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1560,1585]" captionTargetBox="[182,1405,652,1522]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1435,633,1541]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Distributional records of Helicops species occurring in the Pantanal and neighboring ecoregions. Symbols denote the type-locality of Helicops boitata (black triangle), as well as localities with vouchers of H. angulatus (white crosses), H. leopardinus (white diamonds), and H. polylepis (white circles). The white circle marked with an asterisk refer to a specimen determined as Helicops polylepis from São Domingos, state of Mato Grosso (IBSP 31712), destroyed by fire on May 15th of 2010." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363368/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFDAFFE2AF8AFBD6E8B9EBDC" blockId="5.[151,1437,962,2011]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AF8AFBD6EA52EA53" bold="true" box="[199,322,1067,1094]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AE04FBD1E913EA53" authorityName="Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio" authorityYear="2019" box="[329,515,1068,1094]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AE04FBD1E913EA53" box="[329,515,1068,1094]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Helicops boitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from all other congeners for presenting the unique combination of the following characters: (1) dorsal scale rows 25/25/21, with moderate keels throughout the whole body length, slightly stronger on posterior one-third of trunk; (2) low ventral counts (113, male); (3) moderate subcaudal counts (68, male; tail tip missing); (4) subcaudal keels absent, moderate keels present on tail dorsals; (5) supralabials 10/
|
||
<date id="FC13E293FFDAFFE2AA36FB6BEBDEEAC6" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" value="2010-06-04">
|
||
10, 4
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFDAFFE2AFE8FB45EBD1EAC6" attach="none" box="[165,193,1208,1235]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">th–</superScript>
|
||
6
|
||
</date>
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFDAFFE2AF83FB45EBCBEAD3" attach="left" box="[206,219,1208,1222]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">th</superScript>
|
||
contacting orbit; (6) infralabials 12/13; (7) intergenials absent; (8) nasal entire; (9) two preoculars; (10) two postoculars; (11) temporals 1+3; (12) maxillary teeth 20+2; (13) hemipenis strongly bilobed, noncalyculate, hemicapitate with a shallow capitular groove, lobes ornamented with circular spinulate transverse folds, body elongate, nearly twice as long as lobes, ornamented with enlarged lateral spines and small spicules in the central area of asulcate face; (14) dorsum greenish copper brown, with one vertebral and two lateral chain-like rows composed of dark spots, ventrally flanked by a continuous light orange paraventral stripe, and (15) venter light brown, with two irregular stripes composed of light orange rounded spots along the lateral margins of ventrals that converge towards midline of the ventral surface of tail, ending at level of 38
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFDAFFE2AC53FA53E83BEBA9" attach="left" box="[798,811,1454,1468]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">th</superScript>
|
||
subcaudal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFDAFFE2AF8AFA2FEA46E8D5" blockId="5.[151,1437,962,2011]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AF8AFA2FEA7DEBF8" bold="true" box="[199,365,1490,1517]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Comparisons.</emphasis>
|
||
The most relevant features that distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AC2CFA2FEF0CEBF9" authorityName="Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio" authorityYear="2019" box="[865,1052,1490,1516]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AC2CFA2FEF0CEBF9" box="[865,1052,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Helicops boitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from other congeners refer to the presence of entire nasal plate and the general color pattern.An entire nasal plate occurs only in
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2ABFEFA0AEE85E805" box="[1203,1429,1527,1552]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2ABFEFA0AEE0EE805" authorityName="Costa, Santana, Leal, Koroiva & Garcia" authorityYear="2016" box="[1203,1310,1527,1552]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nentur">H. nentur</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AA65FA0AEE85E805" authorityName="Rossman" authorityYear="1976" box="[1320,1429,1527,1552]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersi">H. petersi</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AF88F9E7EA0BE826" authorityName="Rossman & Dixon" authorityYear="1975" box="[197,283,1562,1587]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yacu">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AF88F9E7EA0BE826" box="[197,283,1562,1587]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">H. yacu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(but see Remarks for comments on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2ADE5F9E7E805E826" authorityName="Rossman" authorityYear="1976" box="[680,789,1562,1587]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2ADE5F9E7E805E826" box="[680,789,1562,1587]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">H. petersi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The presence of entire cloacal plate in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="57167AF1FFDAFFE2ABB1F9E4EE4EE826" box="[1276,1374,1561,1587]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AACCF9E7EBF6E843" authorityName="Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio" authorityYear="2019" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AACCF9E7EBF6E843" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">H. boitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see Description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="57167AF1FFDAFFE2AEBDF9C1E944E842" box="[496,596,1596,1623]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) appears as exclusive to the new species in the genus, although we concede that our restriction to one single specimen renders the uniqueness of this feature dependent on further sampling. For this reason, we decided to exclude the condition of the anal plate from our diagnosis until new specimens come to clarify this issue.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFDAFFE2AF8AF934EE7CE9CE" blockId="5.[151,1437,962,2011]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">
|
||
Regarding color pattern, there are no other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2ADE9F934E818E8F6" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1828" box="[676,776,1737,1763]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2ADE9F934E818E8F6" box="[676,776,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Helicops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with a ventral pattern similar to the one of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AA74F934EBF6E913" authorityName="Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio" authorityYear="2019" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AA74F934EBF6E913" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Helicops boitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with a light brown venter ornamented by vivid orange rounded spots forming irregular ventral stripes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1096D8D6FFDAFFE2AA29F911EBB7E93C" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1287,1312]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,316,1248]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1435,309,1268]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal and ventral views of the holotype of Helicops boitata (UFMT-R 11940), from the margins of Transpantaneira Road, region of Poconé, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Scale bar = 100 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363359/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1096D8D6FFDAFFE2AFF9F8F2EBD5E93C" box="[180,197,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1577,1602]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,273,1557]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1435,273,1557]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. General views of dorsum, venter and detail of head of the holotype of Helicops boitata (UFMT-R 11940) in life (SVL 437 mm, tail length 205 mm), from the margins of Transpantaneira Road, region of Poconé, state of Mato Grosso, Bra- zil." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363366/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">4</figureCitation>
|
||
). The dorsal pattern in life is also unique; no other congener exhibits the chain-like vertebral and lateral spot rows combined with the continuous paraventral light orange stripe, eliminating any possibility of misidentification. Dorsal patterns documented in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AD63F8ABE982E965" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1828" box="[558,658,1878,1904]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AD63F8ABE982E965" box="[558,658,1878,1904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">Helicops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
taxa are mostly composed of alternated spots/blotches (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AA4EF8AAEE63E965" authorityName="Amaral" authorityYear="1938" box="[1283,1395,1878,1904]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="danieli">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AA4EF8AAEE63E965" box="[1283,1395,1878,1904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">H. danieli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AACCF8AAEBF6E986" authorityName="Amaral" authorityYear="1921" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gomesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AACCF8AAEBF6E986" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">H. gomesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AFB9F887EA96E986" authorityName="Roux" authorityYear="1910" box="[244,390,1913,1939]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hagmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AFB9F887EA96E986" box="[244,390,1913,1939]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">H. hagmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AED9F887E92BE986" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[404,571,1913,1939]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leopardinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AED9F887E92BE986" box="[404,571,1913,1939]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">H. leopardinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AD04F887E9DDE986" authorityName="Shreve" authorityYear="1934" box="[585,717,1914,1939]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pastazae">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AD04F887E9DDE986" box="[585,717,1914,1939]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">H. pastazae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AD97F887E858E986" authorityName="Rossman" authorityYear="1976" box="[730,840,1914,1939]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AD97F887E858E986" box="[730,840,1914,1939]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">H. petersi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AC1BF887E8CDE986" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1861" box="[854,989,1913,1939]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polylepis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AC1BF887E8CDE986" box="[854,989,1913,1939]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">H. polylepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2ACA6F887EF76E986" baseAuthorityName="Wucherer" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[1003,1126,1913,1939]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Xenopholis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scalaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2ACA6F887EF76E986" box="[1003,1126,1913,1939]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">H. scalaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2ABEEF887EFEAE986" authorityName="Rossman & Dixon" authorityYear="1975" box="[1187,1274,1914,1939]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yacu">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2ABEEF887EFEAE986" box="[1187,1274,1914,1939]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">H. yacu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), with a lower number of representatives with a uniform dorsum (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AD91F860E858E9A3" authorityName="Costa, Santana, Leal, Koroiva & Garcia" authorityYear="2016" box="[732,840,1949,1974]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nentur">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AD91F860E858E9A3" box="[732,840,1949,1974]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">H. nentur</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2ACCCF860EF38E9A3" authorityName="Da Frota" authorityYear="2005" box="[897,1064,1949,1974]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tapajonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2ACCCF860EF38E9A3" box="[897,1064,1949,1974]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">H. tapajonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), dorsal bands (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2ABADF860EE61E9A3" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1248,1393,1948,1974]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2ABADF860EE61E9A3" box="[1248,1393,1948,1974]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">H. angulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AACCF860EBF3E9CF" authorityName="Kawashita-Ribeiro, Avila & Morais" authorityYear="2013" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apiaka">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AACCF860EBF3E9CF" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">H. apiaka</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), or stripes (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AE3FF83CE937E9CF" baseAuthorityName="Wied-neuwied" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[370,551,1984,2010]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carinicaudus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AE3FF83CE937E9CF" box="[370,551,1984,2010]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">H. carinicaudus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AD78F83CE9E4E9CF" authorityName="Jan" authorityYear="1865" box="[565,756,1984,2010]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrataeniatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AD78F83CE9E4E9CF" box="[565,756,1984,2010]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">H. infrataeniatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AC4FF83CE89CE9CF" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1861" box="[770,908,1984,2010]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="modestus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AC4FF83CE89CE9CF" box="[770,908,1984,2010]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">H. modestus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFDAFFE2AC87F83CEF49E9CF" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1878" box="[970,1113,1985,2010]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trivittatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2AC87F83CEF49E9CF" box="[970,1113,1985,2010]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">H. trivittatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFDAFFE2ABD3F83DEE70E9CE" author="Costa, H. C. & Santana, D. J. & Leal, F. & Koroiva, R. & Garcia, P. C. A." box="[1182,1376,1984,2011]" pageId="5" pageNumber="450" pagination="157 - 166" refId="ref13368" refString="Costa, H. C., Santana, D. J., Leal, F., Koroiva, R. & Garcia, P. C. A. (2016) A new species of Helicops (Serpentes: Dipsadidae: Hydropsini) from Southeastern Brazil. Herpetologica, 72, 157 - 166. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPETOLOGICA-D- 15 - 00059" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Costa
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFDAFFE2ABA9F83CEE06E9CF" box="[1252,1302,1984,2010]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="450">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DCD294DBFFD9FFE1AFDAF907EAA3E9D2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363357/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="451" startId="6.[151,250,1786,1811]" targetBox="[157,1425,204,1737]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFD9FFE1AFDAF907EAA3E9D2" blockId="6.[151,1437,1786,1991]" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD9FFE1AFDAF907EA02E906" bold="true" box="[151,274,1786,1811]" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Phylogenetic relationships of the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD9FFE1ADD4F907E81BE906" authorityName="Dowling" authorityYear="1975" box="[665,779,1786,1811]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="451" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Hydropsini">Hydropsini</taxonomicName>
|
||
(comprising one species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD9FFE1AB6FF906EE16E906" authority="Wagler, 1830" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" box="[1058,1286,1786,1811]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hydrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="451" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD9FFE1AB6FF906EF68E906" box="[1058,1144,1787,1811]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">Hydrops</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD9FFE1AB33F907EE16E906" author="Wagler, J. G." box="[1150,1286,1786,1811]" pageId="6" pageNumber="451" refId="ref17494" refString="Wagler, J. G. (1830) Naturliches System der Amphibien, mit vorangehender Classification der Saugthiere und Vogel. Ein Beitrag zur vergleichenden Zoologie. J. G. Cotta schen Buchhandlung. Munchen, Stuttgart und Tubingen, pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58730" type="book" year="1830">Wagler, 1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, one species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD9FFE1AFDAF8E2EAA0E922" authority="Fitzinger, 1826" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1826" box="[151,432,1822,1847]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Pseudoeryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="451" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD9FFE1AFDAF8E2EA1DE922" box="[151,269,1823,1847]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">Pseudoeryx</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD9FFE1AE59F8E3EAA0E922" author="Fitzinger, L. J." box="[276,432,1822,1847]" pageId="6" pageNumber="451" refId="ref14312" refString="Fitzinger, L. J. (1826 a) Neue Classification der Reptilien nach ihren Naturlichen Verwandtschaften. Nebst einer Verwandtschafts- Tafel und einem Verzeichnisse der Reptilien-Sammlung des K. K. zoologischen Museums zu Wien. J. G. Huebner, Viena, 66 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 4683" type="book" year="1826">Fitzinger, 1826</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and 10 species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD9FFE1AD22F8E2E847E922" authority="Wagler, 1828" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1828" box="[623,855,1822,1847]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="451" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD9FFE1AD22F8E2E9D9E922" box="[623,713,1823,1847]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">Helicops</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD9FFE1AD82F8E3E847E922" author="Wagler, J. G." box="[719,855,1822,1847]" pageId="6" pageNumber="451" refId="ref17457" refString="Wagler, J. G. (1828) Descriptiones et icons amphibiorum. Stuttgartiae et Tubingae, Monachii, XXXVI tabs. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 101419" type="book" year="1828">Wagler, 1828</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) based on a concatenated dataset of the 12S, 16S, BDNF, C-
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD9FFE1AFFCF8B9EBCAE94E" box="[177,218,1860,1883]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">mos</emphasis>
|
||
, and NT3 sequence data. Numbers at nodes indicate the values of Bayesian Credibility/Maximum Likelihood bootstrap. The bar represents the number of expected changes per site in the Bayesian Analysis. The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD9FFE1AB19F89AEE36E96A" authorityName="Werner" authorityYear="1897" box="[1108,1318,1895,1919]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="451" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictiventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD9FFE1AB19F89AEE36E96A" box="[1108,1318,1895,1919]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">Helicops pictiventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD9FFE1AE2BF871E902E9B6" authorityName="Jan" authorityYear="1865" box="[358,530,1931,1955]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="451" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrataeniatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD9FFE1AE2BF871E902E9B6" box="[358,530,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">H. infrataeniatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but it appears in the tree exactly as the pertinent sequences appear in the GenBank dataset (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD9FFE1AF8BF853EAB8E9D2" author="Grazziotin, F. G. & Zaher, H. & Murphy, R. W. & Scrocchi, G. & Benavides, M. A. & Zhang, Y. & Bonato, S. L." box="[198,424,1966,1991]" pageId="6" pageNumber="451" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref14443" refString="Grazziotin, F. G., Zaher, H., Murphy, R. W., Scrocchi, G., Benavides, M. A., Zhang, Y. & Bonato, S. L. (2012) Molecular phylogeny of the New World Dipsadidae (Serpentes: Colubroidea): a reappraisal. Cladistics, 1, 1 - 23. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 0031.2012.00393. x" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Grazziotin
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD9FFE1AE75F84DEA74E9D2" box="[312,356,1967,1991]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="451">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFD8FFE0AF8AFF64E89DEC2A" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">
|
||
The elongate and slender hemipenial lobes promptly distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ACDFFF64EF5AEEA6" authorityName="Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio" authorityYear="2019" box="[914,1098,153,179]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ACDFFF64EF5AEEA6" box="[914,1098,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">Helicops boitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ABC1FF67EE0BEEA6" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1164,1307,153,179]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ABC1FF67EFB0EEA6" box="[1164,1184,154,179]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ABE0FF64EE0BEEA6" box="[1197,1307,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">angulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AA65FF67EE85EEA6" authorityName="Kawashita-Ribeiro, Avila & Morais" authorityYear="2013" box="[1320,1429,153,179]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apiaka">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AA65FF67EE2CEEA6" box="[1320,1340,154,179]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AA04FF64EE85EEA6" box="[1353,1429,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">apiaka</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AFDAFF43EA5CEEC2" baseAuthorityName="Wied-neuwied" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[151,332,189,215]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carinicaudus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AFDAFF43EBBBEEC2" box="[151,171,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AFF7FF40EA5CEEC2" box="[186,332,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">carinicaudus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE16FF43EADBEEC2" authorityName="Amaral" authorityYear="1938" box="[347,459,189,215]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="danieli">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE16FF43EA7FEEC2" box="[347,367,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE30FF40EADBEEC2" box="[381,459,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">danieli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE97FF43E95BEEC2" authorityName="Amaral" authorityYear="1921" box="[474,587,189,215]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gomesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE97FF43EAFEEEC2" box="[474,494,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AEB1FF43E95BEEC2" box="[508,587,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">gomesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AD17FF43E80AEEC2" authorityName="Jan" authorityYear="1865" box="[602,794,189,215]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrataeniatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD17FF43E97EEEC2" box="[602,622,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD30FF40E80AEEC2" box="[637,794,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">infrataeniatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AC64FF43E8C0EEC2" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[809,976,189,215]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leopardinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AC64FF43E82DEEC2" box="[809,829,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AC06FF40E8C0EEC2" box="[843,976,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">leopardinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AC92FF43EF79EEC2" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1861" box="[991,1129,189,215]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="modestus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AC92FF43E8E3EEC2" box="[991,1011,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AB4CFF40EF79EEC2" box="[1025,1129,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">modestus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AB35FF43EE10EEC2" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1861" box="[1144,1280,189,215]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polylepis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AB35FF43EF9CEEC2" box="[1144,1164,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ABD6FF40EE10EEC2" box="[1179,1280,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">polylepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AA73FF43EBF8EEEE" authorityName="Da Frota" authorityYear="2005" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tapajonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AA73FF43EE42EEC2" box="[1342,1362,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AA2CFF43EBF8EEEE" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">tapajonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(vs. short or globose hemipenial lobes); the presence of enlarged lateral spines on the hemipenial body distinguishes the new species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AD48FEFBE987EF0A" authorityName="Roux" authorityYear="1910" box="[517,663,261,287]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hagmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD48FEFBE909EF0A" box="[517,537,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD6AFEF8E987EF0A" box="[551,663,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">hagmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ADE8FEFBE874EF0A" authorityName="Jan" authorityYear="1865" box="[677,868,261,287]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrataeniatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ADE8FEFBE9A9EF0A" box="[677,697,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD8AFEF8E874EF0A" box="[711,868,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">infrataeniatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AC3EFEFBEF0AEF0A" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[883,1050,261,287]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leopardinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AC3EFEFBE897EF0A" box="[883,903,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ACD8FEF8EF0AEF0A" box="[917,1050,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">leopardinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AB65FEFBEFA2EF0A" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1861" box="[1064,1202,261,287]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="modestus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AB65FEFBEF2CEF0A" box="[1064,1084,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AB07FEF8EFA2EF0A" box="[1098,1202,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">modestus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AB8CFEFBEE76EF0A" authorityName="Da Frota" authorityYear="2005" box="[1217,1382,262,287]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tapajonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AB8CFEFBEE76EF0A" box="[1217,1382,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. tapajonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AFDAFED7EA38EF56" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1878" box="[151,296,297,323]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trivittatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AFDAFED7EBBBEF56" box="[151,171,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AFF6FED7EA38EF56" box="[187,296,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">trivittatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(vs. enlarged lateral spines absent); the elongate and slender hemipenial body distinguishes the new species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE66FEB3EAABEF72" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[299,443,333,359]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE66FEB3EA2FEF72" box="[299,319,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE00FEB0EAABEF72" box="[333,443,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">angulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE84FEB3E927EF72" authorityName="Kawashita-Ribeiro, Avila & Morais" authorityYear="2013" box="[457,567,333,359]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apiaka">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE84FEB3EACDEF72" box="[457,477,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AEA6FEB0E927EF72" box="[491,567,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">apiaka</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AD09FEB3E9E8EF72" baseAuthorityName="Wied-neuwied" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[580,760,333,359]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carinicaudus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD09FEB3E948EF72" box="[580,600,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD2BFEB0E9E8EF72" box="[614,760,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">carinicaudus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AC4BFEB3E865EF72" authorityName="Amaral" authorityYear="1938" box="[774,885,333,359]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="danieli">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AC4BFEB3E865EF72" box="[774,885,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. danieli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ACCFFEB3E8E3EF72" authorityName="Amaral" authorityYear="1921" box="[898,1011,333,359]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gomesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ACCFFEB3E886EF72" box="[898,918,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ACE9FEB3E8E3EF72" box="[932,1011,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">gomesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AB4CFEB3EFD0EF72" authorityName="Jan" authorityYear="1865" box="[1025,1216,333,359]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrataeniatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AB4CFEB3EF05EF72" box="[1025,1045,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AB6EFEB0EFD0EF72" box="[1059,1216,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">infrataeniatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AB80FEB3EE64EF72" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[1229,1396,333,359]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leopardinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AB80FEB3EFF1EF72" box="[1229,1249,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ABA2FEB0EE64EF72" box="[1263,1396,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">leopardinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AACCFEB3EBEFEF9E" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1861" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="modestus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AACCFEB3EE85EF72" box="[1409,1429,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AFDAFE8CEBEFEF9E" box="[151,255,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">modestus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE40FE8FEA83EF9E" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1861" box="[269,403,369,395]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polylepis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE40FE8FEA31EF9E" box="[269,289,370,395]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE63FE8CEA83EF9E" box="[302,403,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">polylepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE82FE8FE963EF9E" authorityName="Da Frota" authorityYear="2005" box="[463,627,369,395]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tapajonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE82FE8FEAF3EF9E" box="[463,483,370,395]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AEBDFE8FE963EF9E" box="[496,627,370,395]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">tapajonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(vs. globose or cylindrical hemipenial body); an hemicapitate hemipenis with a shallow capitular groove distinguishes the new species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ACD6FE6BEF3DEFBA" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[923,1069,405,431]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ACD6FE6BE8BFEFBA" box="[923,943,406,431]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ACF2FE68EF3DEFBA" box="[959,1069,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">angulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AB71FE6BEFBCEFBA" authorityName="Kawashita-Ribeiro, Avila & Morais" authorityYear="2013" box="[1084,1196,405,431]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apiaka">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AB71FE6BEF40EFBA" box="[1084,1104,406,431]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AB2DFE68EFBCEFBA" box="[1120,1196,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">apiaka</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ABF1FE6BEE61EFBA" baseAuthorityName="Wied-neuwied" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[1212,1393,405,431]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carinicaudus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ABF1FE6BEFC0EFBA" box="[1212,1232,406,431]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AB92FE68EE61EFBA" box="[1247,1393,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">carinicaudus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AACCFE6BEBF5EFC6" authorityName="Amaral" authorityYear="1938" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="danieli">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AACCFE6BEE85EFBA" box="[1409,1429,406,431]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AFDAFE44EBF5EFC6" box="[151,229,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">danieli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AFB8FE47EA78EFC6" authorityName="Amaral" authorityYear="1921" box="[245,360,441,467]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gomesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AFB8FE47EA19EFC6" box="[245,265,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE54FE47EA78EFC6" box="[281,360,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">gomesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE35FE47EAEEEFC6" authorityName="Shreve" authorityYear="1934" box="[376,510,441,467]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pastazae">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE35FE47EA9CEFC6" box="[376,396,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AED1FE47EAEEEFC6" box="[412,510,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">pastazae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AD43FE47E987EFC6" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1861" box="[526,663,441,467]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polylepis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD43FE47E932EFC6" box="[526,546,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD7FFE44E987EFC6" box="[562,663,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">polylepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AD94FE47E890EFC6" authorityName="Da Frota" authorityYear="2005" box="[729,896,441,467]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tapajonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD94FE47E9FDEFC6" box="[729,749,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ADB0FE47E890EFC6" box="[765,896,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">tapajonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(vs. hemipenis bicapitate with a deep capitular groove); the absence of reduced hook-shaped calcified spines dispersed through the central area of the asulcate face distinguishes the new species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AD67FDFFE9ADEC0E" authorityName="Roux" authorityYear="1910" box="[554,701,513,539]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hagmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD67FDFFE92EEC0E" box="[554,574,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD00FDFCE9ADEC0E" box="[589,701,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">hagmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AD81FDFFE89CEC0E" authorityName="Jan" authorityYear="1865" box="[716,908,513,539]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrataeniatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD81FDFFE9F0EC0E" box="[716,736,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ADA2FDFCE89CEC0E" box="[751,908,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">infrataeniatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ACD6FDFFEF54EC0E" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[923,1092,513,539]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leopardinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ACD6FDFFE8BFEC0E" box="[923,943,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ACF2FDFCEF54EC0E" box="[959,1092,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">leopardinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AB1FFDFFEFCEEC0E" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1861" box="[1106,1246,513,539]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="modestus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AB1FFDFFEF76EC0E" box="[1106,1126,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AB3BFDFCEFCEEC0E" box="[1142,1246,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">modestus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ABA0FDFFEE62EC0E" authorityName="Shreve" authorityYear="1934" box="[1261,1394,513,539]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pastazae">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ABA0FDFFEE11EC0E" box="[1261,1281,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AA5DFDFFEE62EC0E" box="[1296,1394,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">pastazae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AACCFDFFEA0AEC2A" authorityName="Da Frota" authorityYear="2005" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tapajonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AACCFDFFEE85EC0E" box="[1409,1429,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AFDAFDDBEA0AEC2A" box="[151,282,550,575]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">tapajonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE1AFDDBEAF6EC2A" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1878" box="[343,486,549,575]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trivittatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE1AFDDBEA7BEC2A" box="[343,363,550,575]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE34FDDBEAF6EC2A" box="[377,486,550,575]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">trivittatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in which such structures are present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFD8FFE0AF8AFDB4EA14ED2E" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">
|
||
The 25/25/21 dorsal rows of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AD5FFDB4E9DCEC76" authorityName="Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio" authorityYear="2019" box="[530,716,585,611]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD5FFDB4E9DCEC76" box="[530,716,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">Helicops boitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exceed at least the dorsal formulae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ABCAFDB7EFE3EC76" authorityName="Costa, Santana, Leal, Koroiva & Garcia" authorityYear="2016" box="[1159,1267,586,611]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nentur">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ABCAFDB7EFE3EC76" box="[1159,1267,586,611]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. nentur</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(17/17/15),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AACCFDB7EA39EC92" baseAuthorityName="Wied-neuwied" baseAuthorityYear="1825" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carinicaudus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AACCFDB7EA39EC92" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. carinicaudus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(19/17–19/17–19),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AD43FD93E9DFEC92" authorityName="Jan" authorityYear="1865" box="[526,719,621,647]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrataeniatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD43FD93E9DFEC92" box="[526,719,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. infrataeniatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(17–19/19/17–19),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ACF9FD93EF56EC92" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[948,1094,621,647]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ACF9FD93EF56EC92" box="[948,1094,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. angulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AB1AFD93EFF4EC92" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1861" box="[1111,1252,621,647]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="modestus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AB1AFD93EFF4EC92" box="[1111,1252,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. modestus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ABB8FD93EE8DEC92" authorityName="Da Frota" authorityYear="2005" box="[1269,1437,622,647]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tapajonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ABB8FD93EE8DEC92" box="[1269,1437,622,647]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. tapajonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(19/19/17),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE52FD6FEA85ECBE" authorityName="Amaral" authorityYear="1921" box="[287,405,658,683]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gomesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE52FD6FEA85ECBE" box="[287,405,658,683]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. gomesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(19/19/17–19),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AD1FFD6FE9D6ECBE" authorityName="Amaral" authorityYear="1938" box="[594,710,657,683]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="danieli">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD1FFD6FE9D6ECBE" box="[594,710,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. danieli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(19/19/19),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AC14FD6FEF15ECBE" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[857,1029,657,683]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leopardinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AC14FD6FEF15ECBE" box="[857,1029,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. leopardinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(19–20/19/17–19),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ABA6FD6FEE4EECBE" authorityName="Kawashita-Ribeiro, Avila & Morais" authorityYear="2013" box="[1259,1374,657,683]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apiaka">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ABA6FD6FEE4EECBE" box="[1259,1374,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. apiaka</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(21– 23/19–21/19),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE70FD4BEABDECDA" authorityName="Rossman" authorityYear="1976" box="[317,429,694,719]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE70FD4BEABDECDA" box="[317,429,694,719]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. petersi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(21/21–23/16), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ADD8FD4BE80BECDA" authorityName="Shreve" authorityYear="1934" box="[661,795,694,719]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pastazae">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ADD8FD4BE80BECDA" box="[661,795,694,719]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. pastazae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(23/21–23/19). The only comparable taxa that may possibly exhibit 25 dorsal rows at some region of the trunk are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AC0DFD27E8C3ECE6" authorityName="Roux" authorityYear="1910" box="[832,979,729,755]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hagmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AC0DFD27E8C3ECE6" box="[832,979,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. hagmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(27/23–27/23),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ABC6FD27EE03ECE6" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1861" box="[1163,1299,729,755]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polylepis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ABC6FD27EE03ECE6" box="[1163,1299,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. polylepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(23–25/22– 25/19–21),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE5AFD03EA81ED02" baseAuthorityName="Wucherer" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[279,401,765,791]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Xenopholis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scalaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE5AFD03EA81ED02" box="[279,401,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. scalaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(21-25/19-21/16-19),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ADC4FD03E808ED02" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1878" box="[649,792,766,791]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trivittatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ADC4FD03E808ED02" box="[649,792,766,791]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. trivittatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(21–25/21–23/21–19), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AB01FD03EFB2ED02" authorityName="Rossman & Dixon" authorityYear="1975" box="[1100,1186,766,791]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yacu">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AB01FD03EFB2ED02" box="[1100,1186,766,791]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. yacu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(25–29/25–28/18–20) (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C52FF1E8FFD8FFE0AFD2FCDCEBE6ED2E" box="[159,246,801,827]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="15.[151,239,652,678]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="TABLE 4. Comparison among the most informative qualitative characters allowing the distinction of Helicops boitata from other congeners (data associated with Helicops yacu rely strictly on information from the literature)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DCD294DBFFD0FFE8AFDAFD71E980ECDF" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" tableUuid="DCD294DBFFD0FFE8AFDAFD71E980ECDF">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFD8FFE0AF8AFCB8EF9CEA6A" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">
|
||
According to our definition,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AD5EFCB8E9DFED4A" authorityName="Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio" authorityYear="2019" box="[531,719,837,863]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD5EFCB8E9DFED4A" box="[531,719,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">Helicops boitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibits moderate dorsal keels¸ similar to the patterns present in
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AFF8FC97EAE7ED96" box="[181,503,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AFF8FC97EA3AED96" authorityName="Amaral" authorityYear="1938" box="[181,298,873,899]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="danieli">H. danieli</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE7BFC97EAE7ED96" authorityName="Jan" authorityYear="1865" box="[310,503,873,899]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrataeniatus">H. infrataeniatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AD4BFC97E9BFED96" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[518,687,873,899]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leopardinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD4BFC97E9BFED96" box="[518,687,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. leopardinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ADA2FC97E86FED96" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1878" box="[751,895,874,899]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trivittatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ADA2FC97E86FED96" box="[751,895,874,899]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. trivittatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Diverge from such a condition the taxa
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AA1EFC97EBF9EDB2" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AA1EFC97EBF9EDB2" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. angulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AFB4FC73EA79EDB2" authorityName="Kawashita-Ribeiro, Avila & Morais" authorityYear="2013" box="[249,361,909,935]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apiaka">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AFB4FC73EA79EDB2" box="[249,361,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. apiaka</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE35FC73EAFBEDB2" authorityName="Amaral" authorityYear="1921" box="[376,491,910,935]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gomesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE35FC73EAFBEDB2" box="[376,491,910,935]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. gomesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AEB6FC73E99EEDB2" authorityName="Roux" authorityYear="1910" box="[507,654,909,935]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hagmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AEB6FC73E99EEDB2" box="[507,654,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. hagmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ADD3FC73E834EDB2" authorityName="Shreve" authorityYear="1934" box="[670,804,910,935]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pastazae">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ADD3FC73E834EDB2" box="[670,804,910,935]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. pastazae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AC7EFC73E8B3EDB2" authorityName="Rossman" authorityYear="1976" box="[819,931,910,935]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AC7EFC73E8B3EDB2" box="[819,931,910,935]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. petersi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ACFFFC73EF2BEDB2" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1861" box="[946,1083,909,935]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polylepis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ACFFFC73EF2BEDB2" box="[946,1083,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. polylepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AB36FC73EFE8EDB2" baseAuthorityName="Wucherer" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[1147,1272,909,935]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Xenopholis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scalaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AB36FC73EFE8EDB2" box="[1147,1272,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. scalaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(strong dorsal keels), as well as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE1AFC4FEAF0EDDE" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1861" box="[343,480,945,971]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="modestus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE1AFC4FEAF0EDDE" box="[343,480,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. modestus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AEA0FC4FE947EDDE" authorityName="Costa, Santana, Leal, Koroiva & Garcia" authorityYear="2016" box="[493,599,946,971]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nentur">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AEA0FC4FE947EDDE" box="[493,599,946,971]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. nentur</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ADDFFC4FE826EDDE" authorityName="Da Frota" authorityYear="2005" box="[658,822,946,971]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tapajonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ADDFFC4FE826EDDE" box="[658,822,946,971]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. tapajonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(weak dorsal keels). Prominence of keels vary between weak and moderate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AED8FC2BE959EDFA" baseAuthorityName="Wied-neuwied" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[405,585,981,1007]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carinicaudus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AED8FC2BE959EDFA" box="[405,585,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. carinicaudus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C52FF1E8FFD8FFE0AD15FC28E9A0EDFA" box="[600,688,981,1007]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="15.[151,239,652,678]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="TABLE 4. Comparison among the most informative qualitative characters allowing the distinction of Helicops boitata from other congeners (data associated with Helicops yacu rely strictly on information from the literature)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DCD294DBFFD0FFE8AFDAFD71E980ECDF" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" tableUuid="DCD294DBFFD0FFE8AFDAFD71E980ECDF">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AD89FC28E86EEDFA" authorityName="Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio" authorityYear="2019" box="[708,894,981,1007]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD89FC28E86EEDFA" box="[708,894,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">Helicops boitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks any traces of subcaudal keels, rendering it promptly distinguishable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AEBCFC07E991EA06" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[497,641,1017,1043]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AEBCFC07E991EA06" box="[497,641,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. angulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ADC2FC07E9ECEA06" authorityName="Kawashita-Ribeiro, Avila & Morais" authorityYear="2013" box="[655,764,1017,1043]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apiaka">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ADC2FC07E9ECEA06" box="[655,764,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. apiaka</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AC74FC07E8BAEA06" authorityName="Amaral" authorityYear="1921" box="[825,938,1018,1043]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gomesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AC74FC07E8BAEA06" box="[825,938,1018,1043]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. gomesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(prominent subcaudal keels) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AA6FFC07EE8DEA06" baseAuthorityName="Wucherer" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[1314,1437,1017,1043]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Xenopholis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scalaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AA6FFC07EE8DEA06" box="[1314,1437,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. scalaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(moderate subcaudal keels) (see
|
||
<tableCitation id="C52FF1E8FFD8FFE0AD45FBE0E94EEA22" box="[520,606,1053,1079]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="15.[151,239,652,678]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="TABLE 4. Comparison among the most informative qualitative characters allowing the distinction of Helicops boitata from other congeners (data associated with Helicops yacu rely strictly on information from the literature)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DCD294DBFFD0FFE8AFDAFD71E980ECDF" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" tableUuid="DCD294DBFFD0FFE8AFDAFD71E980ECDF">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
). The literature also reports such a feature in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AB2CFBE3EE31EA22" authorityName="Jan" authorityYear="1865" box="[1121,1313,1053,1079]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrataeniatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AB2CFBE3EE31EA22" box="[1121,1313,1053,1079]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. infrataeniatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(table
|
||
<quantity id="4F5569B6FFD8FFE0AA3CFBE0EE8CEA22" box="[1393,1436,1053,1079]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD8FFE0AFDAFBBCE91DEA4E" author="Kawashita-Ribeiro, R. A. & Avila, R. W. & Morais, D. H." box="[151,525,1089,1115]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" pagination="80 - 90" refId="ref15060" refString="Kawashita-Ribeiro, R. A., Avila, R. W. & Morais, D. H. (2013) A new snake of the genus Helicops Wagler, 1830 (Dipsadidae, Xenodontinae) from Brazil. Herpetologica, 69, 80 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPETOLOGICA-D- 12 - 00013" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Kawashita-Ribeiro
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE3CFBBFEAB1EA4E" box="[369,417,1089,1115]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013:81
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but this information is inconsistent and requires revision, as our data on this species reveal no evident subcaudal keels, as also reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD8FFE0AC67FB98EF35EA6A" author="Costa, H. C. & Santana, D. J. & Leal, F. & Koroiva, R. & Garcia, P. C. A." box="[810,1061,1125,1151]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" pagination="157 - 166" refId="ref13368" refString="Costa, H. C., Santana, D. J., Leal, F., Koroiva, R. & Garcia, P. C. A. (2016) A new species of Helicops (Serpentes: Dipsadidae: Hydropsini) from Southeastern Brazil. Herpetologica, 72, 157 - 166. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPETOLOGICA-D- 15 - 00059" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Costa
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AC3DFB9BE8B2EA6A" box="[880,930,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2016:161
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, table 3).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C0B797D8FFD8FFE0AF8AFB74E86BE846" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFD8FFE0AF8AFB74EFD8EBF2" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AF8AFB74EA92EAB6" authorityName="Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio" authorityYear="2019" box="[199,386,1161,1187]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AF8AFB74EA92EAB6" box="[199,386,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">Helicops boitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the highest number of supralabials in the genus (10/10). Our data revealed no more than nine supralabials in all species from which we had primary data, whereas the counts provided in the original descriptions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE64FB2FEAB3EAFE" baseAuthorityName="Wucherer" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[297,419,1233,1259]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Xenopholis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scalaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE64FB2FEAB3EAFE" box="[297,419,1233,1259]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. scalaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(nine supralabials) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ADE3FB2FE815EAFE" authorityName="Rossman & Dixon" authorityYear="1975" box="[686,773,1234,1259]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yacu">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ADE3FB2FE815EAFE" box="[686,773,1234,1259]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. yacu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(nine) are also below this limit (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C52FF1E8FFD8FFE0AB23FB2CEFD6EAFE" box="[1134,1222,1233,1259]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="15.[151,239,652,678]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="TABLE 4. Comparison among the most informative qualitative characters allowing the distinction of Helicops boitata from other congeners (data associated with Helicops yacu rely strictly on information from the literature)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DCD294DBFFD0FFE8AFDAFD71E980ECDF" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" tableUuid="DCD294DBFFD0FFE8AFDAFD71E980ECDF">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
). Literature reports 10 supralabials to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE29FB0BE91BEB1A" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[356,523,1269,1295]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leopardinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE29FB0BE91BEB1A" box="[356,523,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. leopardinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AD0CFB0BE9D6EB1A" authorityName="Shreve" authorityYear="1934" box="[577,710,1270,1295]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pastazae">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD0CFB0BE9D6EB1A" box="[577,710,1270,1295]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. pastazae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD8FFE0AD99FB08EF3BEB1A" author="Kawashita-Ribeiro, R. A. & Avila, R. W. & Morais, D. H." box="[724,1067,1269,1295]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" pagination="80 - 90" refId="ref15060" refString="Kawashita-Ribeiro, R. A., Avila, R. W. & Morais, D. H. (2013) A new snake of the genus Helicops Wagler, 1830 (Dipsadidae, Xenodontinae) from Brazil. Herpetologica, 69, 80 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPETOLOGICA-D- 12 - 00013" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Kawashita-Ribeiro
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ACFCFB0BE8F2EB1A" box="[945,994,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD8FFE0AB7AFB08EFE9EB05" author="Costa, H. C. & Santana, D. J. & Leal, F. & Koroiva, R. & Garcia, P. C. A." box="[1079,1273,1269,1296]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" pagination="157 - 166" refId="ref13368" refString="Costa, H. C., Santana, D. J., Leal, F., Koroiva, R. & Garcia, P. C. A. (2016) A new species of Helicops (Serpentes: Dipsadidae: Hydropsini) from Southeastern Brazil. Herpetologica, 72, 157 - 166. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPETOLOGICA-D- 15 - 00059" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Costa
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AB30FB0BEFBFEB1A" box="[1149,1199,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but we argue that such information deserves checking (see Remarks). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="57167AF1FFD8FFE0AC18FAE4E8A7EB26" box="[853,951,1305,1331]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ACACFAE4EF8DEB26" authorityName="Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio" authorityYear="2019" box="[993,1181,1305,1331]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ACACFAE4EF8DEB26" box="[993,1181,1305,1331]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">Helicops boitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has 12/13 infralabials (lateral asymmetry), also reflecting high counts for this character within the genus, only comparable to those from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AFDAFA9FEA16EB6E" authorityName="Kawashita-Ribeiro, Avila & Morais" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,262,1377,1403]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apiaka">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AFDAFA9FEA16EB6E" box="[151,262,1377,1403]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. apiaka</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE58FA9FEAB8EB6E" authorityName="Roux" authorityYear="1910" box="[277,424,1377,1403]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hagmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE58FA9FEAB8EB6E" box="[277,424,1377,1403]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. hagmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AEFBFA9FE935EB6E" authorityName="Rossman" authorityYear="1976" box="[438,549,1378,1403]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AEFBFA9FE935EB6E" box="[438,549,1378,1403]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. petersi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AD79FA9FE99CEB6E" authorityName="Rossman & Dixon" authorityYear="1975" box="[564,652,1378,1403]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yacu">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD79FA9FE99CEB6E" box="[564,652,1378,1403]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. yacu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(up to 12),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AC5CFA9FE886EB6E" authorityName="Shreve" authorityYear="1934" box="[785,918,1378,1403]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pastazae">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AC5CFA9FE886EB6E" box="[785,918,1378,1403]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. pastazae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ACE8FA9FEF3DEB6E" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1861" box="[933,1069,1377,1403]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polylepis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ACE8FA9FEF3DEB6E" box="[933,1069,1377,1403]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. polylepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(up to 13),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ABFEFA9FEE52EB6E" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1878" box="[1203,1346,1378,1403]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trivittatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ABFEFA9FEE52EB6E" box="[1203,1346,1378,1403]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. trivittatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AACCFA9FEBE0EB8A" baseAuthorityName="Wucherer" baseAuthorityYear="1861" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Xenopholis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scalaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AACCFA9FEBE0EB8A" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. scalaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(up to 14). The upper bound of infralabials of the remaining congeners is always below these limits, with counts of up to 11 scales in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE9BFA57E978EBD6" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[470,616,1449,1475]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE9BFA57E978EBD6" box="[470,616,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. angulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AD3AFA57E9F9EBD6" authorityName="Amaral" authorityYear="1938" box="[631,745,1449,1475]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="danieli">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD3AFA57E9F9EBD6" box="[631,745,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. danieli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ADB5FA57E87AEBD6" authorityName="Amaral" authorityYear="1921" box="[760,874,1450,1475]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gomesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ADB5FA57E87AEBD6" box="[760,874,1450,1475]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. gomesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AC34FA57EF2AEBD6" authorityName="Jan" authorityYear="1865" box="[889,1082,1449,1475]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infrataeniatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AC34FA57EF2AEBD6" box="[889,1082,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. infrataeniatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AB3EFA57EFEEEBD6" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1861" box="[1139,1278,1449,1475]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="modestus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AB3EFA57EFEEEBD6" box="[1139,1278,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. modestus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and up to 10 scales in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AFB3FA33EAA2EBF2" baseAuthorityName="Wied-neuwied" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[254,434,1485,1511]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carinicaudus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AFB3FA33EAA2EBF2" box="[254,434,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. carinicaudus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE8DFA33E977EBF2" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[448,615,1485,1511]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leopardinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE8DFA33E977EBF2" box="[448,615,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. leopardinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AD38FA33E9F0EBF2" box="[629,736,1486,1511]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">
|
||
H,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ADDAFA33E9F0EBF2" authorityName="Costa, Santana, Leal, Koroiva & Garcia" authorityYear="2016" box="[663,736,1486,1511]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nentur">nentur</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ADA2FA33E863EBF2" authorityName="Shreve" authorityYear="1934" box="[751,883,1486,1511]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pastazae">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ADA2FA33E863EBF2" box="[751,883,1486,1511]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. pastazae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ACFDFA33EF45EBF2" authorityName="Da Frota" authorityYear="2005" box="[944,1109,1486,1511]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tapajonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ACFDFA33EF45EBF2" box="[944,1109,1486,1511]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. tapajonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C52FF1E8FFD8FFE0AB2EFA30EFABEBF2" box="[1123,1211,1485,1511]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="15.[151,239,652,678]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="TABLE 4. Comparison among the most informative qualitative characters allowing the distinction of Helicops boitata from other congeners (data associated with Helicops yacu rely strictly on information from the literature)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DCD294DBFFD0FFE8AFDAFD71E980ECDF" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" tableUuid="DCD294DBFFD0FFE8AFDAFD71E980ECDF">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFD8FFE0AF8AFA0CE86BE846" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">
|
||
Finally, the last relevant character that may help in the distinction of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AC84FA0CEF92E81E" authorityName="Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio" authorityYear="2019" box="[969,1154,1521,1547]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AC84FA0CEF92E81E" box="[969,1154,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">Helicops boitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
refers to the two preoculars, similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE72F9EBEADFE83A" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[319,463,1557,1583]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE72F9EBEADFE83A" box="[319,463,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. angulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AE93F9EBE982E83A" baseAuthorityName="Wied-neuwied" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[478,658,1557,1583]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carinicaudus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AE93F9EBE982E83A" box="[478,658,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. carinicaudus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0ADEDF9EBE822E83A" authorityName="Roux" authorityYear="1910" box="[672,818,1557,1583]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hagmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0ADEDF9EBE822E83A" box="[672,818,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. hagmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AC0DF9EBE8F8E83A" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[832,1000,1557,1583]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leopardinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AC0DF9EBE8F8E83A" box="[832,1000,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. leopardinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(vs. one or two), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD8FFE0AB90F9EBEE7CE83A" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1878" box="[1245,1388,1558,1583]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trivittatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AB90F9EBEE7CE83A" box="[1245,1388,1558,1583]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">H. trivittatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(vs. two). All other congeners have only one preocular scale (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C52FF1E8FFD8FFE0AC5BF9C4E87EE846" box="[790,878,1593,1619]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="15.[151,239,652,678]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="TABLE 4. Comparison among the most informative qualitative characters allowing the distinction of Helicops boitata from other congeners (data associated with Helicops yacu rely strictly on information from the literature)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DCD294DBFFD0FFE8AFDAFD71E980ECDF" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" tableUuid="DCD294DBFFD0FFE8AFDAFD71E980ECDF">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C0B797D8FFD8FFEBAF8AF9A1EA7FEC76" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="457" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFD8FFEFAF8AF9A1EAF7EB26" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,2015]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,153,2015]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="453" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD8FFE0AF8AF9A1E985E862" bold="true" box="[199,661,1628,1655]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">
|
||
Description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="57167AF1FFD8FFE0AEE9F9A0E91BE862" box="[420,523,1629,1655]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1096D8D6FFD8FFE0AD57F9A1E998E862" box="[538,648,1628,1655]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="9.[151,250,1287,1312]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,250,1027,1052]" captionTargetBox-0="[154,1432,316,1248]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,274,1002]" captionTargetId-0="figure@9.[151,1435,309,1268]" captionTargetId-1="figure@10.[151,1435,273,1008]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Dorsal and ventral views of the holotype of Helicops boitata (UFMT-R 11940), from the margins of Transpantaneira Road, region of Poconé, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Scale bar = 100 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Dorsal, ventral, and lateral (left/right) views of the head of the holotype of Helicops boitata (UFMT-R 11940), from the margins of Transpantaneira Road, region of Poconé, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3363359/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3363362/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">Figs. 2–3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Body moderately stout (midbody diameter/
|
||
<collectionCode id="EEBC5C96FFD8FFE0ABCEF9A0EFA6E862" box="[1155,1206,1629,1655]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
= 0.03); total length
|
||
<quantity id="4F5569B6FFD8FFE0AFDAF97CEBE7E88E" box="[151,247,1665,1691]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.42" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" unit="mm" value="642.0">642 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="EEBC5C96FFD8FFE0AE45F97CEA2EE88E" box="[264,318,1665,1691]" pageId="7" pageNumber="452">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
<quantity id="4F5569B6FFD8FFE0AE05F97CEABAE88E" box="[328,426,1665,1691]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.37" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" unit="mm" value="437.0">437 mm</quantity>
|
||
, tail length
|
||
<quantity id="4F5569B6FFD8FFE0AD7BF97DE98AE88E" box="[566,666,1664,1691]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" unit="mm" value="205.0">205 mm</quantity>
|
||
); head length
|
||
<quantity id="4F5569B6FFD8FFE0AC72F97CE8A7E88E" box="[831,951,1665,1691]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.264" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" unit="mm" value="22.64">22.64 mm</quantity>
|
||
; head width
|
||
<quantity id="4F5569B6FFD8FFE0AB03F97CEFD6E88E" box="[1102,1222,1665,1691]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.264" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" unit="mm" value="12.64">12.64 mm</quantity>
|
||
; snout length
|
||
<quantity id="4F5569B6FFD8FFE0AA26F97CEBD6E8AA" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.28" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" unit="mm" value="6.28">6.28 mm</quantity>
|
||
; snout width
|
||
<quantity id="4F5569B6FFD8FFE0AE12F959EAD7E8AA" box="[351,455,1700,1727]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" unit="mm" value="5.6">5.60 mm</quantity>
|
||
; right eye diameter
|
||
<quantity id="4F5569B6FFD8FFE0ADE4F959E801E8AA" box="[681,785,1700,1727]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.53" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" unit="mm" value="2.53">2.53 mm</quantity>
|
||
; eye-nostril distance
|
||
<quantity id="4F5569B6FFD8FFE0AB4CF958EF79E8AA" box="[1025,1129,1701,1727]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.10 mm</quantity>
|
||
; neck width 8.40; diameter at midbody
|
||
<quantity id="4F5569B6FFD8FFE0AE53F935EA84E8F6" box="[286,404,1736,1763]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4529999999999998" pageId="7" pageNumber="452" unit="mm" value="14.53">14.53 mm</quantity>
|
||
; tail length almost one-third of total length (tail length/total length = 0.32); head elongated, arrow-shaped, almost twice as long as wide (head width/head length = 0.56), distinct from neck (neck width/head width = 0.67); snout slightly longer than wide (snout width/snout length = 0.89), acuminate in dorsal view, its length corresponding to slightly more than one-fourth of head length (snout length/head length = 0.28); eyes relatively small, slightly displaced dorsally; eye diameter much shorter than head length (eye diameter/head length = 0.11) and slightly longer than one-half the distance from its anterior margin to nostril center (eye diameter/eyenostril distance = 0.62); pupil rounded; rostral feebly pointed, not projecting over lower jaw, widely visible from above; internasal single, roughly triangular, slightly longer than wide, lateral margins feebly concave, posterior margin convex; internasal contacting tip of rostral, nasals and prefrontals; prefrontals paired, roughly pentagonal, posterior border slightly convex; prefrontals wider than long, largest length nearly one-third of largest width, and distinctly larger than length of their mutual suture; frontal pentagonal, twice as long as wide, its lateral borders slightly convex; frontal in contact with prefrontals, supraoculars, and parietals; supraoculars large, with five borders, irregular in shape, nearly twice as long as wide, in contact with upper preoculars, prefrontals, frontal, parietal, upper postocular, and dorsal margin of eye; parietals paired, longer than wide, largest width nearly two-thirds of largest length, and slightly longer than their mutual suture; lateral border of right parietal notched at level of dorsal vertex of upper primary temporal; medial border of left parietal notched at midpoint and rear extremity of parietal suture; parietals contacting frontal, supraoculars, upper postocular, primary, and upper secondary temporals and anteriormost dorsals; nasal entire, roughly semielliptical, in contact with rostral, internasal, prefrontal, loreal, and 1–2
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFAF8CFDFDEBC1EC1B" attach="left" box="[193,209,512,526]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">nd</superScript>
|
||
supralabials; nostril positioned on central area of nasal, totally displaced dorsally, entirely visible from above; nostrils equipped with flap-like nasal valves, anteromedially directed and connected to posterior margin of external naris; loreal pentagonal; nearly as high as long, in contact with nasal, prefrontal, preoculars, and 2–3
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFABB7FDB5EE18EC43" attach="left" box="[1274,1288,584,598]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">rd</superScript>
|
||
supralabials; oculars 2+2; upper preocular pentagonal, slightly longer than high, in contact with loreal, prefrontal, supraocular, lower preocular, and anterior margin of eye; lower preocular trapezoidal, longer than high; its largest height slightly larger than two-thirds its largest length, in contact with loreal, upper preocular, 3–4
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFAB29FD49EF61ECD7" attach="left" box="[1124,1137,692,706]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">th</superScript>
|
||
supralabials, and anterior margin of eye; upper postocular roughly trapezoidal, higher than long, its largest length nearly two-thirds its largest height, in contact with parietal, primary temporal, lower postocular, and posterior margin of eye; lower postocular roughly pentagonal, longer than high, its largest height nearly two-thirds its largest length, in contact with upper postocular, primary temporal, 6–7
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFAD5CFCB9E90EED47" attach="left" box="[529,542,836,850]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">th</superScript>
|
||
supralabials, and posterior margin of eye; temporals asymmetrical, 2+2+3 (right side), 1+2+3 (left side), most roughly pentagonal, decreasing in size from primary temporals backwards; supralabials 10/10, 4–6
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFAE74FC71EA56ED8F" attach="left" box="[313,326,908,922]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">th</superScript>
|
||
in contact with the orbit, 7–9
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFADD6FC71E9B8ED8F" attach="left" box="[667,680,908,922]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">th</superScript>
|
||
largest; 7–10
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFAC0EFC71E840ED8F" attach="left" box="[835,848,908,922]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">th</superScript>
|
||
supralabials separated from parietals by temporals; mental triangular, slightly longer than wide; two pairs of chinshields, posterior pair slightly longer than anterior pair; infralabials 12/13 (lateral asymmetry), 1–6
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFADFCFC29E9AEEDF7" attach="left" box="[689,702,980,994]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">th</superScript>
|
||
(right side) and 1–7
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFACEDFC29E8BDEDF7" attach="left" box="[928,941,980,994]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">th</superScript>
|
||
(left side, only anteromedial tip of 7
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFAA0AFC29EE44EDF7" attach="left" box="[1351,1364,980,994]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">th</superScript>
|
||
scale) contacting anterior chinshields, 6–8
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFAD6EFC05E920EA13" attach="left" box="[547,560,1016,1030]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">th</superScript>
|
||
(right side) and 7–9
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFAC43FC05E80BEA13" attach="left" box="[782,795,1016,1030]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">th</superScript>
|
||
(left side) contacting posterior chinshields; 8
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFAA42FC05EE0CEA13" attach="left" box="[1295,1308,1016,1030]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">th</superScript>
|
||
(right side) and 9
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFAF98FBE1EBF2EA3F" attach="left" box="[213,226,1052,1066]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">th</superScript>
|
||
(left side) infralabials largest, roughly pentagonal, only the medial tip contacting second chinshield on each side of head; 1
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFAE77FBBDEA55EA5B" attach="left" box="[314,325,1088,1102]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">st</superScript>
|
||
pair of infralabials in contact posteriorly to mental; dorsals 25/25/21, mostly keeled, without apical pits; dorsal keels weak on anterior one-third of trunk, increasing backwards in prominence and becoming moderate from midbody to tail; keels sensibly weaker on rows closer to venter, mostly absent on paraventral dorsal scales of anterior two-thirds of trunk; cloacal plate entire; ventrals 113, first twelve anomalously divided, except for 8
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFAA15FB51EE75EAAF" attach="left" box="[1368,1381,1196,1210]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">th</superScript>
|
||
one; subcaudals 68/68, tail tip broken slightly anteriorly from terminal scale; maxillary teeth 20+2, 9
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFAB86FB2DEFC8EACB" attach="left" box="[1227,1240,1232,1246]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">th</superScript>
|
||
and 16
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFAA67FB2DEE27EACB" attach="left" box="[1322,1335,1232,1246]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">th</superScript>
|
||
missing, diastema present; prediastemal teeth slightly increasing in size backwards; postdiastemal teeth ungrooved, slightly larger than prediastemal ones.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFD7FFEEAF8AFAC1E915EF0A" blockId="8.[151,1437,153,2015]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1436,153,287]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="454" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD7FFEFAF8AFAC1E999EB42" bold="true" box="[199,649,1340,1367]" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">
|
||
Coloration in preservative (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1096D8D6FFD7FFEFAD43FAC1E96BEB42" box="[526,635,1340,1367]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="9.[151,250,1287,1312]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,250,1027,1052]" captionTargetBox-0="[154,1432,316,1248]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,274,1002]" captionTargetId-0="figure@9.[151,1435,309,1268]" captionTargetId-1="figure@10.[151,1435,273,1008]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Dorsal and ventral views of the holotype of Helicops boitata (UFMT-R 11940), from the margins of Transpantaneira Road, region of Poconé, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Scale bar = 100 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Dorsal, ventral, and lateral (left/right) views of the head of the holotype of Helicops boitata (UFMT-R 11940), from the margins of Transpantaneira Road, region of Poconé, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3363359/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3363362/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">Figs. 2–3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Head dorsum mostly uniform dark greenish brown, with two transversal slightly darker spots on anterior portion of supraoculars, and an irregular and weakly visible dark ocular stripe; most upper area of supralabials slightly lighter than head dorsum, with barely visible darker marks on lower and/or lower anterior surfaces of scales, as well as minute light pale dots on ventral margin of most scales; infralabials and ventral surface of head salt-and-pepper patterned, slightly darker at level of infralabials; infralabials ornamented with light pale dots present at least from 5–10
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFADD7FA0DE9B7EBEB" attach="left" box="[666,679,1520,1534]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">th</superScript>
|
||
scales; pupil black; iris mostly light greyish brown, reticulated in a marble texture; iris with two brown triangular spots anterior and posterior to pupil, aligned with irregular and barely visible ocular stripe; body dorsum greenish copper brown; dorsum with three chain-like longitudinal rows of dark spots; vertebral spot row starting at nape level, almost indiscernible from background; vertebral spots irregular in shape barely connected to each other or separated from each other by no more than one-half scale; vertebral spots becoming gradually narrow backwards, and assuming a longitudinal slit shape on tail; lateral spot row starting at neck level, more distinct from background from level of 12
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFAC77F935E857E8C3" attach="left" box="[826,839,1736,1750]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">th</superScript>
|
||
ventral backwards; lateral spots of trunk 54 on right side, 56 on left side, roughly rectangular, slightly longer than wide, covering 5–8
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFAB53F911EF3BE8EF" attach="left" box="[1054,1067,1772,1786]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">th</superScript>
|
||
rows of dorsals (not completely) and two-and-a-half scales in length at midbody; lateral spots of dorsum feebly connected to each other, abruptly decreasing in size backwards at level of 100
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFADC1F8C9E989E957" attach="left" box="[652,665,1844,1858]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">th</superScript>
|
||
ventral; lateral spots on tail irregular in shape, gradually decreasing in size backwards until tail tip; paraventral dorsal rows pigmented by greyish brown (from 1
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFABD7F8A5EFB5E973" attach="left" box="[1178,1189,1880,1894]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">st</superScript>
|
||
to lower margin of 3
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFAAC2F8A5EE8DE973" attach="none" box="[1423,1437,1880,1894]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">rd</superScript>
|
||
row) and light orange (most of 3
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFAD4FF881E900E99F" attach="left" box="[514,528,1916,1930]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">rd</superScript>
|
||
and lower half of 4
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD7FFEFADA6F881E9E8E99F" attach="left" box="[747,760,1916,1930]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="453">th</superScript>
|
||
rows), configuring two continuous and irregular paraventral stripes throughout the whole trunk and almost whole tail length; central area of venter mostly light greyish brown, flanked by subsequential roughly rounded light orange spots covering most of lateral margins of ventral scutes and some of the scales of first dorsal row; some light orange spots also present on central area of some ventrals, especially in posterior two-thirds of trunk; on ventral surface of tail, orange spots abruptly converge to midline, proceeding backwards until level of 35
|
||
<superScript id="7FD8691BFFD6FFEEAEB0FF1DE91AEEFB" attach="left" box="[509,522,224,238]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="454">th</superScript>
|
||
subcaudal; background of ventral surface of tail light greyish brown, following tonality of central area of venter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DCD294DBFFD6FFEEAFDAFAFAE8DBEB56" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363359/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="454" startId="9.[151,250,1287,1312]" targetBox="[154,1432,316,1248]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFD6FFEEAFDAFAFAE8DBEB56" blockId="9.[151,1436,1287,1348]" pageId="9" pageNumber="454">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD6FFEEAFDAFAFAEA04EB35" bold="true" box="[151,276,1287,1312]" pageId="9" pageNumber="454">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal and ventral views of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD6FFEEADADFAFAE899EB0A" authorityName="Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio" authorityYear="2019" box="[736,905,1287,1311]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="454" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD6FFEEADADFAFAE899EB0A" box="[736,905,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="454">Helicops boitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UFMT-R 11940), from the margins of Transpantaneira Road, region of Poconé, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Scale bar = 100 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFD6FFEEAF8AFA8CEF31E8C5" blockId="9.[151,1437,1393,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="454">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD6FFEEAF8AFA8CEAE6EB99" bold="true" box="[199,502,1393,1420]" pageId="9" pageNumber="454">
|
||
Coloration in life (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1096D8D6FFD6FFEEAEECFA8CEAF8EB99" box="[417,488,1393,1420]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1577,1602]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,273,1557]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1435,273,1557]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. General views of dorsum, venter and detail of head of the holotype of Helicops boitata (UFMT-R 11940) in life (SVL 437 mm, tail length 205 mm), from the margins of Transpantaneira Road, region of Poconé, state of Mato Grosso, Bra- zil." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363366/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="454">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Quite similar to the condition described in preserved state, although head and body markings are more clearly visible in life due to the contrast between the lighter background tonality and dark spots. Head spots visible on internasal, oculars, prefrontals and frontal (the latter forming a transversal irregular band slightly anterior from eye level) are virtually indiscernible in preservative, and the barely visible irregular ocular stripe and dark spots of supralabials are more evident in the alive
|
||
<typeStatus id="57167AF1FFD6FFEEACD6F9FFEF11E809" box="[923,1025,1538,1564]" pageId="9" pageNumber="454" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. In life, the infralabials appear also marked by the same dark spots present on supralabials, although one cannot distinguish the limits of such structures in the preserved specimen. Photographs of the lateral surface of head of the alive
|
||
<typeStatus id="57167AF1FFD6FFEEAB68F9B7EF97E871" box="[1061,1159,1610,1636]" pageId="9" pageNumber="454" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
also suggest that the lateral quadrangular spots of dorsum represent the fusion of the dark markings of labials that converge in the corner of the mouth and assume a more evident conformation on the neck and backwards. Finally, the light orange markings present on paraventrals, ventrals, and subcaudals are vivid reddish orange in life.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFD6FFEDAF8AF924EF05EEEE" blockId="9.[151,1437,1393,2032]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,153,251]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="455" pageId="9" pageNumber="454">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD6FFEEAF8AF924E947E8E1" bold="true" box="[199,599,1753,1780]" pageId="9" pageNumber="454">
|
||
Hemipenial morphology (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1096D8D6FFD6FFEEAEB2F924E958E8E1" box="[511,584,1753,1780]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1789,1814]" captionTargetBox="[210,1377,360,1761]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[170,1417,345,1770]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Sulcate (left) and asulcate (right) faces of the fully everted and maximally expanded hemipenis (right organ) of the holotype of Helicops boitata (UFMT-R 11940), from the margins of Transpantaneira Road, region of Poconé, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363370/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="454">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Description based on the fully everted and expanded right organ of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="57167AF1FFD6FFEEAFDAF903EBEDE90D" box="[151,253,1790,1816]" pageId="9" pageNumber="454" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. Inverted organ 11 subcaudals in length, distal end of
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD6FFEEAC2AF902EF3BE90D" box="[871,1067,1791,1816]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="454">retractor magnus</emphasis>
|
||
divided. Hemipenis strongly bilobed, noncalyculate, hemicapitate, with a shallow capitular groove; body conical, elongate, almost two-thirds the length of organ; lobes elongate, well developed, roughly cylindrical, strongly divergent, nearly one-third the length of organ, without apical disks; base nude, nearly one-fourth the length of body, small basal pocket present, dextral from perspective of asulcate face; body ornamented by a row with five enlarged hook-shaped spines on each flank of asulcate face, increasing in size from base to lobes; sulcate face ornamented by smaller hook-shaped spines dispersed towards body flanks; body spines interspersed by small spicules especially concentrated in central area of asulcate face; lobes encircled by 8–9 prominent spinulate flounces; sulcus spermaticus shallow, strongly bifurcate, centrifugally oriented, dividing at proximal one-third of body, running throughout the median surface at the lobe base and progressively assuming a lateral orientation to end laterally at lobe tip.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DCD294DBFFD5FFEDAFDAFBFEEFD5EA2A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363362/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" startId="10.[151,250,1027,1052]" targetBox="[151,1435,274,1002]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFD5FFEDAFDAFBFEEFD5EA2A" blockId="10.[151,1436,1027,1088]" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDAFDAFBFEEA02EA09" bold="true" box="[151,274,1027,1052]" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal, ventral, and lateral (left/right) views of the head of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD5FFEDAB4CFBFEEFB8EA0E" authorityName="Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio" authorityYear="2019" box="[1025,1192,1027,1051]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDAB4CFBFEEFB8EA0E" box="[1025,1192,1027,1051]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">Helicops boitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UFMT-R 11940), from the margins of Transpantaneira Road, region of Poconé, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Scale bar = 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFD5FFEDAF8AFB93E838EBE5" blockId="10.[151,1437,1133,2025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDAF8AFB93E998EA9D" bold="true" box="[199,648,1133,1160]" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">
|
||
Natural history and habitat (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1096D8D6FFD5FFEDAD7DFB90E96AEA9D" box="[560,634,1133,1160]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1773,1798]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,309,1754]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1435,309,1754]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. The holotype of Helicops boitata (UFMT-R 11940) in the wild, as found in the moment of collection (above), and a general perspective of the habitat in the collection site on May 2016 (below), at Pantanal wetlands in the margins of Transpan- taneira Road, region of Poconé, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363372/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
We found the
|
||
<typeStatus id="57167AF1FFD5FFEDAC71FB93E88EEA9D" box="[828,926,1134,1160]" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
at 14:23hs, almost entirely submerged in a flooded area at the margins of the “Transpantaneira”, an unpaved road crossing the northern portion of Pantanal wetlands. This finding suggests that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD5FFEDAD5EFB4BE9DDEAC5" authorityName="Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio" authorityYear="2019" box="[531,717,1206,1232]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDAD5EFB4BE9DDEAC5" box="[531,717,1206,1232]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">Helicops boitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has diurnal habits, contrasting with other congeners considered nocturnal (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD5FFEDAE5EFB26EAB5EAE1" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[275,421,1242,1268]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDAE5EFB26EAB5EAE1" box="[275,421,1242,1268]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">H. angulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD5FFEDAEADFB26E979EAE1" authorityName="Guenther" authorityYear="1861" box="[480,617,1242,1268]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polylepis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDAEADFB26E979EAE1" box="[480,617,1242,1268]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">H. polylepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD5FFEDADCFFB27E87FEAE1" author="Marques, O. A. V. & Eterovic, A. & Strussmann, C. & Sazima, I." box="[642,879,1241,1268]" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" refId="ref15525" refString="Marques, O. A. V., Eterovic, A., Strussmann, C. & Sazima, I. (2005) Serpentes do Pantanal: Guia ilustrado. Holos. Ribeirao Preto, 179 pp." type="book" year="2005">
|
||
Marques
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDADA2FB26E832EAE1" box="[751,802,1242,1268]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the Pantanal, at least
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD5FFEDABDAFB26EE50EAE1" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[1175,1344,1242,1268]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leopardinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDABDAFB26EE50EAE1" box="[1175,1344,1242,1268]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">H. leopardinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be active during the day and night (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD5FFEDAEB2FB03E9F5EB0D" author="Marques, O. A. V. & Eterovic, A. & Strussmann, C. & Sazima, I." box="[511,741,1277,1304]" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" refId="ref15525" refString="Marques, O. A. V., Eterovic, A., Strussmann, C. & Sazima, I. (2005) Serpentes do Pantanal: Guia ilustrado. Holos. Ribeirao Preto, 179 pp." type="book" year="2005">
|
||
Marques
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDAD27FB02E98BEB0D" box="[618,667,1278,1304]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Detecting the specimen became easy because it was exposed to the sun and the water in the collection spot was clear, shallow (up to
|
||
<quantity id="4F5569B6FFD5FFEDACFBFADFE8EBEB29" box="[950,1019,1314,1340]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
|
||
deep), and free from floating aquatic plants that would otherwise obstruct the vision. The collection site corresponds to a tributary of the Bento Gomes River that spreads in the area during the rainy season (from November to February), receding back to the riverbed in the dry season (from June to August) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD5FFEDAD24FA73E895EBBD" author="Cunha, C. N. & Junk, W. J." box="[617,901,1421,1448]" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" pagination="301 - 326" refId="ref13558" refString="Cunha, C. N. & Junk, W. J. (2009) Landscape units of the Pantanal: structure, function, and human use. In: Junk, W. J., Silva, C. J., Cunha, C. N. & Wantzen, K. M. (Eds.), The Pantanal: Ecology, Biodiversity and Sustainable Management of a Large Seasonal Wetland. Pensoft, Moscow, pp. 301 - 326." type="book chapter" year="2009">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F0BA84C3FFD5FFEDAD24FA73E9A4EBBD" box="[617,692,1422,1448]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">Cunha</collectingCountry>
|
||
& Junk 2009:305
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Thus, the collection date reflects the receding period, when flooded areas start to dry out. We visited again the collection site in July of 2018–dry season–and the place still retained water in isolated and very turbid ponds.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFD5FFEDAF8AFA07EAD0E8F9" blockId="10.[151,1437,1133,2025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">
|
||
The specimen did not bite when manipulated, contrasting with the usually aggressive behavior of most congeners that promptly bite when grabbed (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD5FFEDAD01F9E3E824E82D" author="Marques, O. A. V. & Eterovic, A. & Strussmann, C. & Sazima, I." box="[588,820,1565,1592]" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" refId="ref15525" refString="Marques, O. A. V., Eterovic, A., Strussmann, C. & Sazima, I. (2005) Serpentes do Pantanal: Guia ilustrado. Holos. Ribeirao Preto, 179 pp." type="book" year="2005">
|
||
Marques
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDADFAF9E2E9F9E82D" box="[695,745,1566,1592]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Spectacled caimans [
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDAB79F9E3EFF0E82D" box="[1076,1248,1566,1592]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F0BA84C3FFD5FFEDAB79F9E3EF9DE82D" box="[1076,1165,1566,1592]" name="Cayman Islands" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">Caiman</collectingCountry>
|
||
yacare
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD5FFEDABA2F9E3EE9EE82D" author="Daudin, F. M." box="[1263,1422,1565,1592]" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" refId="ref13770" refString="Daudin, F. M. (1802) Histoire Naturelle, Generale et Particuliere des Reptiles; ouvrage faisant suit a l'Histoire naturell generale et particuliere, composee par Leclerc de Buffon; et redigee par C. S. Sonnini, membre de plusieurs societes savantes. Tome 2. F. Dufart, Paris, 432 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 60678" type="book" year="1802">Daudin, 1802</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)] are abundant in the area, as well as many bird species such as herons (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD5FFEDAC88F9BFEF54E849" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[965,1092,1602,1628]" class="Aves" family="Ardeidae" genus="Ardea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pelecaniformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDAC88F9BFEF54E849" box="[965,1092,1602,1628]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">Ardea alba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDAB19F9BEEFE0E849" box="[1108,1264,1602,1628]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD5FFEDAB19F9BEEFFCE849" baseAuthorityName="Molina" baseAuthorityYear="1782" box="[1108,1260,1602,1628]" class="Aves" family="Ardeidae" genus="Egretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pelecaniformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thula">Egretta thula</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD5FFEDAA66F9BEEBE9E895" baseAuthorityName="Boddaert" baseAuthorityYear="1783" class="Aves" family="Ardeidae" genus="Tigrisoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pelecaniformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDAA66F9BEEBE9E895" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">Tigrisoma lineatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD5FFEDAE45F99BEA63E894" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1820" box="[264,371,1638,1665]" class="Aves" family="Ardeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pelecaniformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Ardeidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), storks (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD5FFEDAE91F99AE9D2E895" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[476,706,1639,1664]" class="Aves" family="Ardeidae" genus="Mycteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pelecaniformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDAE91F99AE9D2E895" box="[476,706,1639,1664]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">Mycteria americana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD5FFEDAD9CF99BE894E895" baseAuthorityName="Lichtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1819" box="[721,900,1638,1664]" class="Aves" family="Ciconiidae" genus="Jabiru" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ciconiiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mycteria">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDAD9CF99BE894E895" box="[721,900,1638,1664]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">Jabiru mycteria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD5FFEDACD8F99BEF18E894" box="[917,1032,1638,1665]" class="Aves" family="Ciconidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ciconiiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Ciconidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and hawks (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD5FFEDABEFF99BEE84E895" baseAuthorityName="Latham" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[1186,1428,1638,1664]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Busarellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDABEFF99BEE84E895" box="[1186,1428,1638,1664]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">Busarellus nigricollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD5FFEDAFDAF977EA33E8B0" authorityName="Vieillot" authorityYear="1816" box="[151,291,1674,1701]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Accipitridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) that may prey on snakes (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD5FFEDAD18F977E9DCE8B1" author="Sick, H." box="[597,716,1674,1700]" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" refId="ref16570" refString="Sick, H. (1997) Ornitologia brasileira. Editora Nova Fronteira, Rio de Janeiro, 862 pp." type="book" year="1997">Sick 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the same day we collected the
|
||
<typeStatus id="57167AF1FFD5FFEDAB11F977EFD1E8B1" box="[1116,1217,1674,1700]" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, we also found one specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD5FFEDAE6BF953E906E8DD" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[294,534,1710,1736]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leopardinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDAE6BF953E906E8DD" box="[294,534,1710,1736]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">Helicops leopardinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the opposite margin of the road, a few steps from the site where we collected the
|
||
<typeStatus id="57167AF1FFD5FFEDAF8DF92FEA32E8F9" box="[192,290,1746,1772]" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD5FFEDAE05F92EEAA9E8F9" authorityName="Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio" authorityYear="2019" box="[328,441,1746,1772]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDAE05F92EEAA9E8F9" box="[328,441,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">H. boitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFD5FFEDAF8AF90BEFB4E969" blockId="10.[151,1437,1133,2025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDAF8AF90BEA5EE905" bold="true" box="[199,334,1782,1808]" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name is a noun in apposition deriving from the Brazilian Portuguese “boitatá”, as a reference to the folk legend of a giant fire snake that inhabits the Brazilian rivers and protects the forests against man-caused fire. The word has its origins in the native language Tupi (
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDACFFF8C3E8E6E94D" box="[946,1014,1854,1880]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">‘Mboi</emphasis>
|
||
= snake;
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDAB2EF8C3EF9FE94D" box="[1123,1167,1854,1880]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">tatá</emphasis>
|
||
= fire). It serves also as an allusion to the vivid orange tonality of the ventral pattern, resembling the color of flames.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFD5FFECAF8AF87BEFD8EEEE" blockId="10.[151,1437,1133,2025]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1436,153,252]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="456" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDAF8AF87BEA2BE9B5" bold="true" box="[199,315,1926,1952]" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The literature on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD5FFEDAD41F87BE960E9B5" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1828" box="[524,624,1926,1952]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDAD41F87BE960E9B5" box="[524,624,1926,1952]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">Helicops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
taxonomy brings contradictory pieces of information that only the objective examination of specimens can elucidate. For instance, the entire condition of the nasal plate alluded in the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD5FFEDAED9F833E910E9FD" authorityName="Rossman" authorityYear="1976" box="[404,512,1998,2024]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersi">H. petersi</taxonomicName>
|
||
confronts the data reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD5FFEDAC1AF833EF37E9FC" author="Costa, H. C. & Santana, D. J. & Leal, F. & Koroiva, R. & Garcia, P. C. A." box="[855,1063,1998,2025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="455" pagination="157 - 166" refId="ref13368" refString="Costa, H. C., Santana, D. J., Leal, F., Koroiva, R. & Garcia, P. C. A. (2016) A new species of Helicops (Serpentes: Dipsadidae: Hydropsini) from Southeastern Brazil. Herpetologica, 72, 157 - 166. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPETOLOGICA-D- 15 - 00059" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Costa
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD5FFEDACD0F832E8C5E9FD" box="[925,981,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="455">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2016)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as well as the data obtained from a collaborator who directly examined the
|
||
<typeStatus id="57167AF1FFD4FFECAD2AFF64E9D9EEA6" box="[615,713,153,179]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(see Acknowledgements). This is why we decided to restrict our comparisons to the specimens from our sample, conceding that data retrieved from vouchers examined in recent taxonomic studies (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD4FFECAE3CFF1CE9D7EEEE" author="Kawashita-Ribeiro, R. A. & Avila, R. W. & Morais, D. H." box="[369,711,225,251]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" pagination="80 - 90" refId="ref15060" refString="Kawashita-Ribeiro, R. A., Avila, R. W. & Morais, D. H. (2013) A new snake of the genus Helicops Wagler, 1830 (Dipsadidae, Xenodontinae) from Brazil. Herpetologica, 69, 80 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPETOLOGICA-D- 12 - 00013" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Kawashita-Ribeiro
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD4FFECAD00FF1FE995EEEE" box="[589,645,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD4FFECAD9EFF1CE882EEE9" author="Costa, H. C. & Santana, D. J. & Leal, F. & Koroiva, R. & Garcia, P. C. A." box="[723,914,225,252]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" pagination="157 - 166" refId="ref13368" refString="Costa, H. C., Santana, D. J., Leal, F., Koroiva, R. & Garcia, P. C. A. (2016) A new species of Helicops (Serpentes: Dipsadidae: Hydropsini) from Southeastern Brazil. Herpetologica, 72, 157 - 166. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPETOLOGICA-D- 15 - 00059" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Costa
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD4FFECAC57FF1FE842EEEE" box="[794,850,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) should also be considered.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DCD294DBFFD4FFECAFDAF9D4EBA7E89F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3363366/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" startId="11.[151,250,1577,1602]" targetBox="[151,1435,273,1557]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFD4FFECAFDAF9D4EBA7E89F" blockId="11.[151,1436,1577,1674]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD4FFECAFDAF9D4EA04E857" bold="true" box="[151,276,1577,1602]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
General views of dorsum, venter and detail of head of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD4FFECACBEF9D7EF8CE857" authorityName="Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio" authorityYear="2019" box="[1011,1180,1578,1602]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD4FFECACBEF9D7EF8CE857" box="[1011,1180,1578,1602]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Helicops boitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UFMT-R 11940) in life (SVL 437 mm, tail length 205 mm), from the margins of Transpantaneira Road, region of Poconé, state of Mato Grosso, Bra- zil.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFD4FFECAF8AF945E914E993" blockId="11.[151,1437,1720,2035]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">
|
||
Our comparative material comprises 16 of the 17 currently recognized species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD4FFECAB2AF945EFDBE8C7" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1828" box="[1127,1227,1720,1746]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD4FFECAB2AF945EFDBE8C7" box="[1127,1227,1720,1746]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Helicops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In that sense, our study represents the most comprehensive taxonomic approach of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD4FFECACA2F921EF43E8E3" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1828" box="[1007,1107,1756,1782]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD4FFECACA2F921EF43E8E3" box="[1007,1107,1756,1782]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Helicops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
until present. Thus, we were able to confirm all the morphological traits at least for these 16 taxa through direct observation of specimens, while our information regarding
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD4FFECAE89F8D8E90CE92B" authorityName="Rossman & Dixon" authorityYear="1975" box="[452,540,1829,1854]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yacu">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD4FFECAE89F8D8E90CE92B" box="[452,540,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">H. yacu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remained restricted to literature data. In addition, our phylogenetic approach is also the most complete in terms of diversity, including nine
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD4FFECAC7EF8B5E887E977" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1828" box="[819,919,1864,1890]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD4FFECAC7EF8B5E887E977" box="[819,919,1864,1890]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Helicops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
taxa besides the new species [vs. six
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD4FFECAA74F8B5EE8DE977" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1828" box="[1337,1437,1864,1890]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD4FFECAA74F8B5EE8DE977" box="[1337,1437,1864,1890]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Helicops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
terminals in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD4FFECAE6EF891EAE9E993" author="Costa, H. C. & Santana, D. J. & Leal, F. & Koroiva, R. & Garcia, P. C. A." box="[291,505,1899,1927]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" pagination="157 - 166" refId="ref13368" refString="Costa, H. C., Santana, D. J., Leal, F., Koroiva, R. & Garcia, P. C. A. (2016) A new species of Helicops (Serpentes: Dipsadidae: Hydropsini) from Southeastern Brazil. Herpetologica, 72, 157 - 166. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPETOLOGICA-D- 15 - 00059" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Costa
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD4FFECAE27F890EA8BE993" box="[362,411,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2016)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFD4FFEBAF8AF86DEFEAEFBA" blockId="11.[151,1437,1720,2035]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,153,611]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="457" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">
|
||
The high number of supralabials of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD4FFECAD16F86DE805E9BF" authorityName="Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio" authorityYear="2019" box="[603,789,1936,1962]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD4FFECAD16F86DE805E9BF" box="[603,789,1936,1962]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Helicops boitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(10/10) represents an informative diagnostic feature. The only taxa with the same number of supralabials would be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD4FFECAC5BF848E8ADE9DB" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[790,957,1972,1998]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leopardinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD4FFECAC5BF848E8ADE9DB" box="[790,957,1972,1998]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">H. leopardinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD4FFECACBCF848EF65E9DB" authorityName="Shreve" authorityYear="1934" box="[1009,1141,1973,1998]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pastazae">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD4FFECACBCF848EF65E9DB" box="[1009,1141,1973,1998]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">H. pastazae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD4FFECAB84F849EA01E9E7" author="Kawashita-Ribeiro, R. A. & Avila, R. W. & Morais, D. H." pageId="11" pageNumber="456" pagination="80 - 90" refId="ref15060" refString="Kawashita-Ribeiro, R. A., Avila, R. W. & Morais, D. H. (2013) A new snake of the genus Helicops Wagler, 1830 (Dipsadidae, Xenodontinae) from Brazil. Herpetologica, 69, 80 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPETOLOGICA-D- 12 - 00013" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Kawashita-Ribeiro
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD4FFECAFDAF824EBDAE9E7" box="[151,202,2008,2034]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD4FFECAE06F825E903E9E6" author="Costa, H. C. & Santana, D. J. & Leal, F. & Koroiva, R. & Garcia, P. C. A." box="[331,531,2008,2035]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" pagination="157 - 166" refId="ref13368" refString="Costa, H. C., Santana, D. J., Leal, F., Koroiva, R. & Garcia, P. C. A. (2016) A new species of Helicops (Serpentes: Dipsadidae: Hydropsini) from Southeastern Brazil. Herpetologica, 72, 157 - 166. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPETOLOGICA-D- 15 - 00059" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Costa
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD4FFECAEDEF824EAD6E9E7" box="[403,454,2008,2034]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, our data based on vouchers of both species do not reflect the varia- tions reported in the literature. For instance, while our vouchers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD3FFEBACC2FF67EF04EEA6" authorityName="Shreve" authorityYear="1934" box="[911,1044,154,179]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pastazae">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD3FFEBACC2FF67EF04EEA6" box="[911,1044,154,179]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">H. pastazae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="EEBC5C96FFD3FFEBAB69FF64EF92EEA6" box="[1060,1154,153,179]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">MZUSP</collectionCode>
|
||
6111, 14108) agree with the original description (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD3FFEBAEE5FF40E979EEC2" author="Shreve, B." box="[424,617,189,215]" pageId="12" pageNumber="457" pagination="125 - 131" refId="ref16542" refString="Shreve, B. (1934) Notes on Ecuadorian Snakes. Occasional papers of the Boston Society of Natural History, 8, 125 - 131." type="journal article" year="1934">Shreve 1934:129</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in having both eight supralabials, literature data report up to 10 scales in the same species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD3FFEBAE29FF1CE923EEEE" author="Rossman, D. A." box="[356,563,224,251]" pageId="12" pageNumber="457" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref16322" refString="Rossman, D. A. (1976) Revision of the South American colubrid snakes of the Helicops pastazae complex. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, Louisiana State University, 50, 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="1976">Rossman 1976:15</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD3FFEBAD0DFF1CE8ACEEEE" author="Kawashita-Ribeiro, R. A. & Avila, R. W. & Morais, D. H." box="[576,956,225,251]" pageId="12" pageNumber="457" pagination="80 - 90" refId="ref15060" refString="Kawashita-Ribeiro, R. A., Avila, R. W. & Morais, D. H. (2013) A new snake of the genus Helicops Wagler, 1830 (Dipsadidae, Xenodontinae) from Brazil. Herpetologica, 69, 80 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPETOLOGICA-D- 12 - 00013" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Kawashita-Ribeiro
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD3FFEBAC51FF1FE85EEEEE" box="[796,846,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013:82
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD3FFEBACB4FF1CEFE0EEE9" author="Costa, H. C. & Santana, D. J. & Leal, F. & Koroiva, R. & Garcia, P. C. A." box="[1017,1264,225,252]" pageId="12" pageNumber="457" pagination="157 - 166" refId="ref13368" refString="Costa, H. C., Santana, D. J., Leal, F., Koroiva, R. & Garcia, P. C. A. (2016) A new species of Helicops (Serpentes: Dipsadidae: Hydropsini) from Southeastern Brazil. Herpetologica, 72, 157 - 166. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPETOLOGICA-D- 15 - 00059" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Costa
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD3FFEBAB0CFF1FEF63EEEE" box="[1089,1139,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016:161
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Nevertheless,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD3FFEBAFDAFEF8E913EF0A" author="Kawashita-Ribeiro, R. A. & Avila, R. W. & Morais, D. H." box="[151,515,261,287]" pageId="12" pageNumber="457" pagination="80 - 90" refId="ref15060" refString="Kawashita-Ribeiro, R. A., Avila, R. W. & Morais, D. H. (2013) A new snake of the genus Helicops Wagler, 1830 (Dipsadidae, Xenodontinae) from Brazil. Herpetologica, 69, 80 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPETOLOGICA-D- 12 - 00013" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Kawashita-Ribeiro
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD3FFEBAE39FEFBEAB8EF0A" box="[372,424,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2013)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD3FFEBAD73FEF8E807EF35" author="Costa, H. C. & Santana, D. J. & Leal, F. & Koroiva, R. & Garcia, P. C. A." box="[574,791,261,288]" pageId="12" pageNumber="457" pagination="157 - 166" refId="ref13368" refString="Costa, H. C., Santana, D. J., Leal, F., Koroiva, R. & Garcia, P. C. A. (2016) A new species of Helicops (Serpentes: Dipsadidae: Hydropsini) from Southeastern Brazil. Herpetologica, 72, 157 - 166. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPETOLOGICA-D- 15 - 00059" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Costa
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD3FFEBADC5FEFBE9ABEF0A" box="[648,699,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2016)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
had not personally examined vouchers, only replicating the data of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD3FFEBAE51FED4EAC9EF51" author="Rossman, D. A." box="[284,473,297,324]" pageId="12" pageNumber="457" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref16322" refString="Rossman, D. A. (1976) Revision of the South American colubrid snakes of the Helicops pastazae complex. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, Louisiana State University, 50, 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="1976">Rossman (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Regarding
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD3FFEBAD28FED7E81FEF56" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[613,783,297,323]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leopardinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD3FFEBAD28FED7E81FEF56" box="[613,783,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">H. leopardinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, our vouchers (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9EAB0FDAFFD3FFEBAC89FED5EF71EF51" box="[964,1121,296,324]" pageId="12" pageNumber="457" type="generic">45 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
) have all nine supralabials, whereas the larger sample of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EC3CB9A2FFD3FFEBAEACFEB0E853EF72" author="Kawashita-Ribeiro, R. A. & Avila, R. W. & Morais, D. H." box="[481,835,332,359]" pageId="12" pageNumber="457" pagination="80 - 90" refId="ref15060" refString="Kawashita-Ribeiro, R. A., Avila, R. W. & Morais, D. H. (2013) A new snake of the genus Helicops Wagler, 1830 (Dipsadidae, Xenodontinae) from Brazil. Herpetologica, 69, 80 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPETOLOGICA-D- 12 - 00013" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Kawashita-Ribeiro
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD3FFEBADF6FEB3E9E4EF72" box="[699,756,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2013)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
—259 specimens—includes at least some individuals with 10 scales. In both cases, we assume that supralabial counts are subjected to variation, although further revisions must throw light on the precise levels of polymorphisms, as well as on their taxonomic significance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8812C453FFD3FFEBAF8AFE44EA7FEC76" blockId="12.[151,1437,153,611]" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">
|
||
The unique coloration features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD3FFEBAD04FE44E814EFC6" authorityName="Moraes-Da-Silva & Amaro & Sales Nunes & Strüssmann & Junior & Jr & Sudré & Recoder & Rodrigues & Curcio" authorityYear="2019" box="[585,772,441,467]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD3FFEBAD04FE44E814EFC6" box="[585,772,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">Helicops boitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appear to represent an autapomorphic condition, not comparable with patterns of any other congener. Finally, the entire cloacal plate of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="57167AF1FFD3FFEBAB7EFE20EF85EFE2" box="[1075,1173,477,503]" pageId="12" pageNumber="457" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
diverges from all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FADBFD0FFD3FFEBAA2EFE20EBDAEC0E" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1828" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Helicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BAD91841FFD3FFEBAA2EFE20EBDAEC0E" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">Helicops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
taxa; nonetheless, although it may also represent a diagnostic feature, we refrained to include it in the formal diagnosis until the discovery of additional specimens allow more conclusive decisions regarding the generality of this character state.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |