treatments-xml/data/03/82/87/038287A69661C76AFF3DFDE45F2C9312.xml

<document id="29DBAB94D703042882D9134E463037B7" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4254.1.9SLASH10785" ID-CLB-Dataset="33244" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4254.1.9" ID-GBIF-Dataset="01b4cf78-dd72-4ec1-8759-024e5a4ec85b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="545744" ID-ZooBank="D969A189-792D-4907-B3AD-4A5C3F68A54C" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1491984717532" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hasegawa, Hideo &amp; Dewi, Kartika" docDate="2017" docId="038287A69661C76AFF3DFDE45F2C9312" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4254.1.9SLASH10785.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4254 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Trichuris musseri Hasegawa &amp; Dewi, 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="129" masterDocId="FFBBFFDE9660C769FFAAFFEA5C329277" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Trichuris (Nematoda: Trichuridae) collected from endemic murines of Indonesia" masterLastPageNumber="135" masterPageNumber="127" pageNumber="128" updateTime="1698438856596" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="F6ED775388313B479D4D6CFCB2F1103C">Two new species of Trichuris (Nematoda: Trichuridae) collected from endemic murines of Indonesia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2B9E5EECF8CF8A5944A8C4277DD55955">Hasegawa, Hideo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C8A285FA92C4F87808E625794341FBBC">Dewi, Kartika</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="038287A69661C76AFF3DFDE45F2C9312" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6041471" ID-GBIF-Taxon="128347659" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6041471" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038287A69661C76AFF3DFDE45F2C9312" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038287A69661C76AFF3DFDE45F2C9312" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<subSubSection id="C331653B9661C768FF3DFDE45D12903E" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9436B09661C768FF3DFDE45DE0905F" blockId="1.[151,466,526,586]" box="[151,466,526,552]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<heading id="D0DC81DC9661C768FF3DFDE45DE0905F" bold="true" box="[151,466,526,552]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29661C768FF3DFDE45DE0905F" bold="true" box="[151,466,526,552]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D339661C768FF3DFDE45D5F905F" box="[151,365,526,552]" class="Adenophorea" family="Trichinellidae" genus="Trichuris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichocephalida" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="musseri" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29661C768FF3DFDE45D5F905F" bold="true" box="[151,365,526,552]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Trichuris musseri</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C57D99661C768FEDFFDE45DE0905F" box="[373,466,526,552]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="8B9436B09661C768FF3DFDDB5D12903E" blockId="1.[151,466,526,586]" box="[151,288,561,586]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
(
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FF35FDDB5D25903E" box="[159,279,561,586]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStart-1="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId-0="2.[151,264,1374,1397]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,264,1244,1267]" captionTargetBox-0="[297,1284,201,1343]" captionTargetBox-1="[316,1266,417,1215]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[297,1290,195,1351]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[312,1274,411,1223]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 8. Male of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 1. Holotype. 2. Anterior end of holotype. 3. Middle portion of stichosome showing bacillary band at left side. 4. Enlarged view at posterior one-third of stichosome, showing surface of bacillary band partially; two-way arrow indicating width of bacillary band at this level. 5. Esophago-intestinal junction. 6. Caudal end. 7. Distal end of spicule; arrows showing pit-like structures. 8. Distal end of spicular sheath fully extended." captionText-1="FIGURES 9 – 12 Female of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 9. Allotype. 10. Esopahgo-intestinal junction. 11. Caudal end. 12. Egg." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/545745/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/545746/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Figs. 1–12</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C331653B9661C768FF3DFD985E8591F4" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9436B09661C768FF3DFD985E8591F4" blockId="1.[151,1437,626,2034]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29661C768FF3DFD985CCC90FC" bold="true" box="[151,254,626,651]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">General.</emphasis>
Small sized as a 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D339661C768FE15FD985E1490FC" box="[447,550,626,651]" class="Adenophorea" family="Trichinellidae" genus="Trichuris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichocephalida" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29661C768FE15FD985E1490FC" box="[447,550,626,651]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Trichuris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in murids. Cuticle with fine transversal striation. Anterior part of body narrow, thread-like, tapering to cephalic end; gradually increasing to widest portion in posterior body and again slightly tapered to posterior end (
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FE1AFD535E2990A5" box="[432,539,697,722]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1374,1397]" captionTargetBox="[297,1284,201,1343]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[297,1290,195,1351]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Male of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 1. Holotype. 2. Anterior end of holotype. 3. Middle portion of stichosome showing bacillary band at left side. 4. Enlarged view at posterior one-third of stichosome, showing surface of bacillary band partially; two-way arrow indicating width of bacillary band at this level. 5. Esophago-intestinal junction. 6. Caudal end. 7. Distal end of spicule; arrows showing pit-like structures. 8. Distal end of spicular sheath fully extended." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545745/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Figs. 1, 2</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FD8DFD505E0590A5" box="[551,567,698,722]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1244,1267]" captionTargetBox="[316,1266,417,1215]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[312,1274,411,1223]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12 Female of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 9. Allotype. 10. Esopahgo-intestinal junction. 11. Caudal end. 12. Egg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545746/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">9</figureCitation>
). Minute cephalic stylet present. Stichosome with 1 row of stichocytes, and 1 pair of conspicuous cells at esophago-intestinal junction level (
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FCD9FD375FD09081" box="[883,994,733,758]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1374,1397]" captionTargetBox="[297,1284,201,1343]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[297,1290,195,1351]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Male of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 1. Holotype. 2. Anterior end of holotype. 3. Middle portion of stichosome showing bacillary band at left side. 4. Enlarged view at posterior one-third of stichosome, showing surface of bacillary band partially; two-way arrow indicating width of bacillary band at this level. 5. Esophago-intestinal junction. 6. Caudal end. 7. Distal end of spicule; arrows showing pit-like structures. 8. Distal end of spicular sheath fully extended." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545745/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Figs. 2–5</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FC5BFD3758229082" box="[1009,1040,733,757]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1244,1267]" captionTargetBox="[316,1266,417,1215]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[312,1274,411,1223]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12 Female of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 9. Allotype. 10. Esopahgo-intestinal junction. 11. Caudal end. 12. Egg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545746/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">10</figureCitation>
). Nuclei of stichosome numerous, almost 1 nucleus per 1 to 2 subdivisions, in middle to posterior portions (
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FC71FCEA587A916E" box="[987,1096,768,793]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1374,1397]" captionTargetBox="[297,1284,201,1343]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[297,1290,195,1351]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Male of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 1. Holotype. 2. Anterior end of holotype. 3. Middle portion of stichosome showing bacillary band at left side. 4. Enlarged view at posterior one-third of stichosome, showing surface of bacillary band partially; two-way arrow indicating width of bacillary band at this level. 5. Esophago-intestinal junction. 6. Caudal end. 7. Distal end of spicule; arrows showing pit-like structures. 8. Distal end of spicular sheath fully extended." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545745/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Figs. 3–5</figureCitation>
). Bacillary band commencing just after cephalic end, well developed in middle portion of anterior body (
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FBAEFCCE5846914A" box="[1028,1140,804,829]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1374,1397]" captionTargetBox="[297,1284,201,1343]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[297,1290,195,1351]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Male of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 1. Holotype. 2. Anterior end of holotype. 3. Middle portion of stichosome showing bacillary band at left side. 4. Enlarged view at posterior one-third of stichosome, showing surface of bacillary band partially; two-way arrow indicating width of bacillary band at this level. 5. Esophago-intestinal junction. 6. Caudal end. 7. Distal end of spicule; arrows showing pit-like structures. 8. Distal end of spicular sheath fully extended." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545745/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Figs. 2–5</figureCitation>
), becoming narrower and invisible anterior to esophago-intestinal junction. Round cuticular inflations of various size bordering bacillary band present in anterior portion of body (
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FDCFFC815E9891F4" box="[613,682,875,900]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1374,1397]" captionTargetBox="[297,1284,201,1343]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[297,1290,195,1351]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Male of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 1. Holotype. 2. Anterior end of holotype. 3. Middle portion of stichosome showing bacillary band at left side. 4. Enlarged view at posterior one-third of stichosome, showing surface of bacillary band partially; two-way arrow indicating width of bacillary band at this level. 5. Esophago-intestinal junction. 6. Caudal end. 7. Distal end of spicule; arrows showing pit-like structures. 8. Distal end of spicular sheath fully extended." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545745/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C331653B9661C768FF6DFC675EE795DB" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9436B09661C768FF6DFC675EFF977D" blockId="1.[151,1437,626,2034]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29661C768FF6DFC675D8A91D1" box="[199,440,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29661C768FF6DFC675D3191D1" bold="true" box="[199,259,909,934]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Male</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="9D2DFD399661C768FEBDFC655D9891D1" box="[279,426,911,935]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" type="generic">9 specimens</specimenCount>
):
</emphasis>
Length 8.79 (7.89–9.24) mm. Anterior portion of body 5.32 (4.93–5.65) mm long, corresponding to 61 (58–63) % of body length. Width at middle of anterior body 57 (44–69), esophago-intestinal junction 129 (99–162) and thick portion of posterior body 182 (162–210). Round cuticular inflations present in area from 192–258 to 618–860 from anterior end. Stichosome with ca. 160 nuclei. Testis recurved posterior to esophago-intestinal junction, directed posteriorly forming convolutions, ending near anterior end of proximal cloacal tube (
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FE84FBD55D42962F" box="[302,368,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1374,1397]" captionTargetBox="[297,1284,201,1343]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[297,1290,195,1351]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Male of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 1. Holotype. 2. Anterior end of holotype. 3. Middle portion of stichosome showing bacillary band at left side. 4. Enlarged view at posterior one-third of stichosome, showing surface of bacillary band partially; two-way arrow indicating width of bacillary band at this level. 5. Esophago-intestinal junction. 6. Caudal end. 7. Distal end of spicule; arrows showing pit-like structures. 8. Distal end of spicular sheath fully extended." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545745/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Proximal cloacal tube stout, 0.66 (0.45–0.91) mm long, united laterally to distal cloacal tube of 0.53 (0.35–0.71) mm long (
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FE53FB895E0F960C" box="[505,573,1123,1148]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1374,1397]" captionTargetBox="[297,1284,201,1343]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[297,1290,195,1351]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Male of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 1. Holotype. 2. Anterior end of holotype. 3. Middle portion of stichosome showing bacillary band at left side. 4. Enlarged view at posterior one-third of stichosome, showing surface of bacillary band partially; two-way arrow indicating width of bacillary band at this level. 5. Esophago-intestinal junction. 6. Caudal end. 7. Distal end of spicule; arrows showing pit-like structures. 8. Distal end of spicular sheath fully extended." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545745/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Spicular pouch 0.18 (0.09–0.28) mm long (
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FBE4FB8958A1960C" box="[1102,1171,1123,1148]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1374,1397]" captionTargetBox="[297,1284,201,1343]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[297,1290,195,1351]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Male of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 1. Holotype. 2. Anterior end of holotype. 3. Middle portion of stichosome showing bacillary band at left side. 4. Enlarged view at posterior one-third of stichosome, showing surface of bacillary band partially; two-way arrow indicating width of bacillary band at this level. 5. Esophago-intestinal junction. 6. Caudal end. 7. Distal end of spicule; arrows showing pit-like structures. 8. Distal end of spicular sheath fully extended." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545745/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Spicule slender, 1.11 (0.90–1.28) mm long, corresponding to 12.7 (10.0–14.1) % of body length, sharply pointed distally (
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FA8EFB6C59BD96E8" box="[1316,1423,1158,1183]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1374,1397]" captionTargetBox="[297,1284,201,1343]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[297,1290,195,1351]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Male of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 1. Holotype. 2. Anterior end of holotype. 3. Middle portion of stichosome showing bacillary band at left side. 4. Enlarged view at posterior one-third of stichosome, showing surface of bacillary band partially; two-way arrow indicating width of bacillary band at this level. 5. Esophago-intestinal junction. 6. Caudal end. 7. Distal end of spicule; arrows showing pit-like structures. 8. Distal end of spicular sheath fully extended." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545745/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Figs. 6-7</figureCitation>
). Distal portion of spicule with pit-like structures on one side (
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FCFAFB405FA496B5" box="[848,918,1194,1219]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1374,1397]" captionTargetBox="[297,1284,201,1343]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[297,1290,195,1351]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Male of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 1. Holotype. 2. Anterior end of holotype. 3. Middle portion of stichosome showing bacillary band at left side. 4. Enlarged view at posterior one-third of stichosome, showing surface of bacillary band partially; two-way arrow indicating width of bacillary band at this level. 5. Esophago-intestinal junction. 6. Caudal end. 7. Distal end of spicule; arrows showing pit-like structures. 8. Distal end of spicular sheath fully extended." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545745/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). Spicular sheath densely spinose (
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FA8CFB4059BD96B4" box="[1318,1423,1194,1219]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1374,1397]" captionTargetBox="[297,1284,201,1343]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[297,1290,195,1351]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Male of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 1. Holotype. 2. Anterior end of holotype. 3. Middle portion of stichosome showing bacillary band at left side. 4. Enlarged view at posterior one-third of stichosome, showing surface of bacillary band partially; two-way arrow indicating width of bacillary band at this level. 5. Esophago-intestinal junction. 6. Caudal end. 7. Distal end of spicule; arrows showing pit-like structures. 8. Distal end of spicular sheath fully extended." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545745/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Figs. 6-7</figureCitation>
). Distal end of fully extended spicular sheath devoid of spines, with faint reticulate markings (
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FB41FB2759069691" box="[1259,1332,1229,1254]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1374,1397]" captionTargetBox="[297,1284,201,1343]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[297,1290,195,1351]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Male of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 1. Holotype. 2. Anterior end of holotype. 3. Middle portion of stichosome showing bacillary band at left side. 4. Enlarged view at posterior one-third of stichosome, showing surface of bacillary band partially; two-way arrow indicating width of bacillary band at this level. 5. Esophago-intestinal junction. 6. Caudal end. 7. Distal end of spicule; arrows showing pit-like structures. 8. Distal end of spicular sheath fully extended." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545745/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Cloaca subterminal with 1 pair of simple papillae (
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FDD0FB1B5E8D977D" box="[634,703,1265,1290]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1374,1397]" captionTargetBox="[297,1284,201,1343]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[297,1290,195,1351]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Male of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 1. Holotype. 2. Anterior end of holotype. 3. Middle portion of stichosome showing bacillary band at left side. 4. Enlarged view at posterior one-third of stichosome, showing surface of bacillary band partially; two-way arrow indicating width of bacillary band at this level. 5. Esophago-intestinal junction. 6. Caudal end. 7. Distal end of spicule; arrows showing pit-like structures. 8. Distal end of spicular sheath fully extended." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545745/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436B09661C768FF6DFAFE592C9452" blockId="1.[151,1437,626,2034]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29661C768FF6DFAFE5DE5975B" box="[199,471,1300,1325]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29661C768FF6DFAFE5D2D975A" bold="true" box="[199,287,1300,1325]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Female</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="9D2DFD399661C768FE87FAFF5DFA975B" box="[301,456,1301,1325]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
):
</emphasis>
Length 10.9 (9.3–12.4) mm. Anterior body 6.20 (5.55–7.22) mm long, corresponding to 57.0 (54.6–59.6) % of body length. Width at middle of anterior body 58 (51–67), esophago-intestinal junction 135 (121–158) and thick portion of posterior body 202 (184–218). Round cuticular inflations present in area from 162–300 to 684–1039 from anterior end. Stichosome with ca. 160–170 nuclei. Vulva 40 (10–71) posterior to esophago-intestinal junction, with anterior lip of varying degree of development and minute posterior lip (
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FAEDFA485C8497A9" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1244,1267]" captionTargetBox="[316,1266,417,1215]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[312,1274,411,1223]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12 Female of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 9. Allotype. 10. Esopahgo-intestinal junction. 11. Caudal end. 12. Egg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545746/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Figs. 9, 10</figureCitation>
). Vagina muscular, winding posteriorly, 0.67 (0.56–0.78) mm long (
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FC69FA2F587C97A9" box="[963,1102,1477,1502]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1244,1267]" captionTargetBox="[316,1266,417,1215]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[312,1274,411,1223]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12 Female of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 9. Allotype. 10. Esopahgo-intestinal junction. 11. Caudal end. 12. Egg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545746/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Figs. 11, 12</figureCitation>
). Ovary extending to preanal level (
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FF77FA035D649475" box="[221,342,1513,1538]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1244,1267]" captionTargetBox="[316,1266,417,1215]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[312,1274,411,1223]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12 Female of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 9. Allotype. 10. Esopahgo-intestinal junction. 11. Caudal end. 12. Egg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545746/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Figs. 9, 11</figureCitation>
). Anus subterminal (
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FDEBFA035EA19475" box="[577,659,1513,1538]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1244,1267]" captionTargetBox="[316,1266,417,1215]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[312,1274,411,1223]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12 Female of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 9. Allotype. 10. Esopahgo-intestinal junction. 11. Caudal end. 12. Egg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545746/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
). Eggs lemon-shaped, thick shelled, brownish, with polar plugs, 73.6 ± SD 1.7 (71–77) by 33.0 ± SD 1.4 (30–35) (n=25), with exception of one egg sized 91 by 38 (
<figureCitation id="13102A359661C768FB14F9E659239452" box="[1214,1297,1548,1573]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1244,1267]" captionTargetBox="[316,1266,417,1215]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[312,1274,411,1223]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12 Female of Trichuris musseri sp. nov. collected from Echiothrix centrosa in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 9. Allotype. 10. Esopahgo-intestinal junction. 11. Caudal end. 12. Egg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545746/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436B09661C768FF6DF9DA5DF1943E" blockId="1.[151,1437,626,2034]" box="[199,451,1584,1609]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29661C768FF6DF9DA5DF1943E" bold="true" box="[199,451,1584,1609]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Taxonomic summary</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436B09661C768FF6DF9BE59A7941B" blockId="1.[151,1437,626,2034]" box="[199,1429,1619,1644]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<typeStatus id="549088129661C768FF6DF9BE5CCD941B" box="[199,255,1620,1644]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Type</typeStatus>
host: 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D339661C768FEE9F9B95F05941B" authority="Miller &amp; Hollister, 1921" authorityName="Miller &amp; Hollister" authorityYear="1921" box="[323,823,1619,1644]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Echiothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centrosa">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29661C768FEE9F9B95E2D941B" box="[323,543,1619,1644]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Echiothrix centrosa</emphasis>
Miller &amp; Hollister, 1921
</taxonomicName>
(large-bodied shrew rat) (Rattini: 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D339661C768FB1DF9B95928941B" box="[1207,1306,1619,1644]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Murinae">Murinae</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D339661C768FA8FF9B959BB941B" box="[1317,1417,1619,1644]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Muridae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436B09661C768FF6DF99D5D9994F8" blockId="1.[151,1437,626,2034]" box="[199,427,1655,1680]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Site in host: Cecum.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436B09661C768FF6DF9715D3994A0" blockId="1.[151,1437,626,2034]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<materialsCitation id="3B433CED9661C768FF6DF9715D3994A0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1455870636" country="Indonesia" elevation="97" location="Malakosa" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Central Sulawesi" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="549088129661C768FF6DF9715CCD94C4" box="[199,255,1691,1715]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Type</typeStatus>
locality: Kuala Navusu (00˚58’S, 120˚27’E; 
<elevation id="0006D1839661C768FC9EF9705F9D94C5" box="[820,943,1690,1715]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.65" metricValueMax="15.5" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" unit="m" value="96.5" valueMax="155.0" valueMin="38.0">
<quantity id="4CD39B559661C768FC9EF9705F9D94C5" box="[820,943,1690,1715]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.65" metricValueMax="15.5" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" unit="m" value="96.5" valueMax="155.0" valueMin="38.0">38–155 m</quantity>
</elevation>
elevation), 
<location id="8EF4606B9661C768FBE2F970588A94C4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038287A69661C76AFF3DFDE45F2C9312:8EF4606B9661C768FBE2F970588A94C4" box="[1096,1208,1690,1715]" country="Indonesia" name="Malakosa" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" stateProvince="Central Sulawesi">Malakosa</location>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49EFF8529661C768FB67F97059AA94C4" box="[1229,1432,1690,1715]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Tengah" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<collectingRegion id="49EFF8529661C768FB67F970592D94C4" box="[1229,1311,1690,1715]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Central" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Central</collectingRegion>
Sulawesi
</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F33C76209661C768FF3DF9545D3A94A0" box="[151,264,1726,1751]" name="Indonesia" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436B09661C768FF6DF9085E0D948D" blockId="1.[151,1437,626,2034]" box="[199,575,1761,1786]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
Date of collection: 
<date id="FF9510709661C768FE34F90B5E08948D" box="[414,570,1761,1786]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" value="1975-10">October 1975</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436B09661C768FF6DF8EC5F149536" blockId="1.[151,1437,626,2034]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Type specimens: USNM 1422103 (hototype male and allotype female), USNM 1422104 (5 male and 6 female paratypes), MZB Na 720 (3 male and 3 female paratypes).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436B09661C768FF6DF8A65D9B95FF" blockId="1.[151,1437,626,2034]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
Coparasites: 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D339661C768FECEF8A658539513" authority="Hasegawa, Dewi &amp; Asakawa, 2014" authorityName="Hasegawa, Dewi &amp; Asakawa" authorityYear="2014" box="[356,1121,1868,1893]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Musserakis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sulawesiensis">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29661C768FECEF8A65EBD9512" box="[356,655,1868,1893]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Musserakis sulawesiensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419661C768FD09F8A758539513" author="Hasegawa" box="[675,1121,1868,1893]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" refString="Hasegawa, H., Dewi, K. &amp; Asakawa, M. (2014) Musserakis sulawesiensis gen. et sp. n. (Nematoda: Heterakidae) collected from Echiothrix centrosa (Rodentia: Muridae), an old endemic rat of Sulawesi, Indonesia. Zootaxa, 3881 (2), 155 - 164. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3881.2.4" type="journal article" year="2014">Hasegawa, Dewi &amp; Asakawa, 2014</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(Nematoda: 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D339661C768FAA1F8A659A69512" box="[1291,1428,1868,1893]" class="Secernentea" family="Heterakidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ascaridida" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Heterakidae</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419661C768FF34F89A5DAF95FF" author="Hasegawa" box="[158,413,1903,1928]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" refString="Hasegawa, H., Dewi, K. &amp; Asakawa, M. (2014) Musserakis sulawesiensis gen. et sp. n. (Nematoda: Heterakidae) collected from Echiothrix centrosa (Rodentia: Muridae), an old endemic rat of Sulawesi, Indonesia. Zootaxa, 3881 (2), 155 - 164. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3881.2.4" type="journal article" year="2014">
Hasegawa 
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29661C768FEB0F89A5D6195FF" box="[282,339,1903,1928]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">et al.</emphasis>
, 2014
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436B09661C768FF6DF8795EE795DB" blockId="1.[151,1437,626,2034]" box="[199,725,1939,1964]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Symbiotypes: AMNH M-225678 – M-225681.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C331653B9661C768FF6DF85C5FE49585" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9436B09661C768FF6DF85C5FE49585" blockId="1.[151,1437,626,2034]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29661C768FF6DF85C5D7C95B8" bold="true" box="[199,334,1974,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species epithet is dedicated to Dr. G. G. Musser, an outstanding mammalogist, who has made invaluable contributions on the systematics of murid rodents of 
<collectingCountry id="F33C76209661C768FCCBF8335FE09585" box="[865,978,2009,2034]" name="Indonesia" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF5466389662C76BFF3DFAB45DDA9787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/545745/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" targetBox="[297,1284,201,1343]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8B9436B09662C76BFF3DFAB45DDA9787" blockId="2.[151,1436,1374,1520]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29662C76BFF3DFAB45D089703" bold="true" box="[151,314,1374,1397]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">FIGURES 1–8.</emphasis>
Male of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D339662C76BFE32FAB55E789702" box="[408,586,1375,1397]" class="Adenophorea" family="Trichinellidae" genus="Trichuris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichocephalida" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="musseri" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29662C76BFE32FAB55E789702" box="[408,586,1375,1397]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Trichuris musseri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C57D99662C76BFDFBFAB55E909703" box="[593,674,1375,1396]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29662C76BFDFBFAB55E909703" bold="true" box="[593,674,1375,1396]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
collected from 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D339662C76BFCE9FAB558389702" box="[835,1034,1375,1397]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Echiothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centrosa">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29662C76BFCE9FAB558389702" box="[835,1034,1375,1397]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Echiothrix centrosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Sulawesi, Indonesia. 1. Holotype. 2. Anterior end of holotype. 3. Middle portion of stichosome showing bacillary band at left side. 4. Enlarged view at posterior one-third of stichosome, showing surface of bacillary band partially; two-way arrow indicating width of bacillary band at this level. 5. Esophago-intestinal junction. 6. Caudal end. 7. Distal end of spicule; arrows showing pit-like structures. 8. Distal end of spicular sheath fully extended.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C331653B9662C76AFF6DF9FD5F2C9312" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9436B09662C76AFF6DF9FD5F2C9312" blockId="2.[151,1436,1559,2016]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29662C76BFF6DF9FD5D099447" bold="true" box="[199,315,1559,1584]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Remarks.</emphasis>
By having a stichosome, tubular intestine, vulva positioned near esophago-intestinal junction, monodelphic reproductive system and eggs with polar plugs but without membranous envelope or polar filaments, the present species belongs to the family 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D339662C76BFDC9F9B55ED7940F" box="[611,741,1631,1656]" class="Adenophorea" family="Trichuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichocephalida" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Trichuridae</taxonomicName>
in the superfamily Trichinelloidea (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419662C76BFBDCF9B559179400" author="Chabaud" box="[1142,1317,1631,1656]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Chabaud, A. G. (1974) No. 1. Keys to subclass, orders and superfamilies. In: Anderson, R. C., Chabaud, A. G. &amp; Willmott, S. (Eds.), CIH Keys to the Nematode Parasites of Fertebrates. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, Buckinghamshire, pp. 6 - 17." type="book chapter" year="1974">Chabaud, 1974</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419662C76BFA85F9B55D0894EC" author="Anderson" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Anderson, R. C. &amp; Bain, O. (1982) No. 9. Keys to genera of the superfamilies Rhabditoidea, Dioctophymatoidea, Trichinelloidea and Muspiceoidea. In: Anderson, R. C., Chabaud, A. G. &amp; Willmott, S. (Eds.), CIH Keys to the Nematode Parasites of Fertebrates. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, Buckinghamshire, pp. 1 - 26." type="book chapter" year="1982">Anderson &amp; Bain, 1982</bibRefCitation>
). By possessing much thicker posterior portion of body, a bacillary band at esophageal portion, stichocytes similar in form and arranged in a single row and unembryonated eggs in the uterus, it belongs to the subfamily Trichurinae which includes only the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D339662C76BFCBAF921595E9494" authority="Roederer, 1761 (Anderson &amp; Bain, 1982)" authorityName="Roederer, 1761 (Anderson &amp; Bain" authorityYear="1982" box="[784,1388,1739,1764]" class="Adenophorea" family="Trichinellidae" genus="Trichuris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichocephalida" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29662C76BFCBAF9215F479493" box="[784,885,1739,1764]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">Trichuris</emphasis>
Roederer, 1761 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419662C76BFBEFF92159519494" author="Anderson" box="[1093,1379,1739,1764]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Anderson, R. C. &amp; Bain, O. (1982) No. 9. Keys to genera of the superfamilies Rhabditoidea, Dioctophymatoidea, Trichinelloidea and Muspiceoidea. In: Anderson, R. C., Chabaud, A. G. &amp; Willmott, S. (Eds.), CIH Keys to the Nematode Parasites of Fertebrates. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, Buckinghamshire, pp. 1 - 26." type="book chapter" year="1982">Anderson &amp; Bain, 1982</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. By having a small body, the present species is readily distinguished from all congeners known from murids because all have average body length over 
<quantity id="4CD39B559662C76BFE54F8F95E7D955C" box="[510,591,1811,1835]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
in males and 
<quantity id="4CD39B559662C76BFD58F8F95F71955C" box="[754,835,1811,1836]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
in females (cf. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419662C76BFC53F8F958D7955B" author="Skrjabin" box="[1017,1253,1811,1836]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Skrjabin, K. I., Shikhobalova, N. P. &amp; Orlov, I. V. (1957) Essentials of Nematodology. 6. Trichocephalidae and Capillariidae of Animals and Man and the Diseases Caused by Them. Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, 1970, 599 pp. [translated from Russian]" type="book" year="1957">
Skrjabin 
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29662C76BFBCAF8FE58A3955B" box="[1120,1169,1811,1836]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">et al</emphasis>
., 1957
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419662C76BFB58F8F959A5955B" author="Quentin" box="[1266,1431,1811,1836]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Quentin, J. C. (1966) Trichuroidea de rongeurs de Republique Centralafricaine. Cahiers de la Maboke, 4, 141 - 150." type="journal article" year="1966">Quentin, 1966</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419662C76BFF3DF8DD5D099527" author="Bernard" box="[151,315,1847,1872]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Bernard, J. (1969) Quelques nematodes parasites nouveaux ou non encore signales en Tunisie. Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 46, 397 - 400." type="journal article" year="1969">Bernard, 1969</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419662C76BFEEDF8D25DEC9527" author="Tenora" box="[327,478,1847,1872]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Tenora, F. (1969) Parasitic nematodes of certain rodents from Afghanistan. Vestnik Ceskoslovenske Spolecnosti Zoologicke, 33 (2), 174 - 192." type="journal article" year="1969">Tenora, 1969</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419662C76BFE40F8DD5EA29538" author="Johnson" box="[490,656,1847,1872]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Johnson, S. (1973) A new trichurid nematode from the Indian gerbil, Tatera indica indica. Folia Parasitologica, 20 (3), 275 - 277." type="journal article" year="1973">Johnson, 1973</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419662C76BFD36F8DD5FA49538" author="Sadighian" box="[668,918,1847,1872]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Sadighian, A., Ghadirian, E. &amp; Sadjadpour, E. (1974) Two new species of nematodes of lagomorphs and rodents from Iran. Journal of Helminthology, 48 (4), 241 - 245." type="journal article" year="1974">
Sadighian 
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29662C76BFCBEF8D25F7E9527" box="[788,844,1847,1872]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
, 1974
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419662C76BFC08F8DD58549538" author="Feliu" box="[930,1126,1847,1872]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Feliu, C., Spakulova, M., Casanova, J. C., Renaud, F., Morand, S., Hugot, J. P., Santalla, F. &amp; Durand, P. (2000) Genetic and morphological heterogeneity in small rodent whipworm in southwestern Europe: Characterization of Trichuris muris and description of Trichuris arvicolae n. sp. (Nematoda: Trichuridae). Journal of Parasitology, 86 (3), 442 - 449. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3284855" type="journal article" year="2000">
Feliu 
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29662C76BFC4EF8D2582E9527" box="[996,1052,1847,1872]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
, 2000
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419662C76BFBD8F8DD593A9538" author="Robles" box="[1138,1288,1847,1872]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Robles, M. R. (2011) New species of Trichuris (Nematoda: Trichuridae) from Akodon montensis Thomas, 1913, of the Paranaense forest in Argentina. Journal of Parasitology, 97 (2), 319 - 327." type="journal article" year="2011">Robles, 2011</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419662C76BFABFF8DD5CE19504" author="Ribas" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Ribas, A., Lopez, S., Makundi, R. H., Leirs, H. &amp; Bellocq, J. G. (2013) Trichuris spp. (Nematoda: Trichuridae) from two rodents, Mastomys natalensis and Gerbilliscus vicinus in Tanzania. Journal of Parasitology, 99 (5), 868 - 875. https: // doi. org / 10.1645 / 12 - 151.1" type="journal article" year="2013">
Ribas 
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29662C76BFAF6F8D259A79527" box="[1372,1429,1847,1872]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
, 2013
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419662C76BFF75F8B15D499504" author="Smales" box="[223,379,1883,1908]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Smales, L. R. (2013) Nematodes from the caecum and colon of Pogonomys (Muridae: Anisomyini) from Papua New Guinea with the description of a new genus of Oxyuridae (Nematoda: Oxyurida) and a new species of Trichuridae (Nematoda: Enoplida). Zootaxa, 3599 (6), 577 - 587." type="journal article" year="2013">Smales, 2013</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419662C76BFE23F8B15E529504" author="Robles" box="[393,608,1883,1908]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Robles, M. R., Cutillas, C., Panei, C. J. &amp; Callejon, R. (2014) Morphological and molecular characterization of a new Trichuris species (Nematoda- Trichuridae), and phylogenetic relationships of Trichuris species of cricetid rodents from Argentina. PLoS ONE, 9, e 112069." type="journal article" year="2014">
Robles 
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29662C76BFE4AF8B65E289503" box="[480,538,1883,1908]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
). The present species is characteristic by having a gradually-tapered and sharply pointed distal end of the spicule, being readily distinguished from most congeners parasitic in murids, which have dull or round distal end or suddenly narrowed near distal end of the spicule (cf. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419662C76BFB33F849590F95CB" author="Quentin" box="[1177,1341,1955,1980]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Quentin, J. C. (1966) Trichuroidea de rongeurs de Republique Centralafricaine. Cahiers de la Maboke, 4, 141 - 150." type="journal article" year="1966">Quentin, 1966</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419662C76BFAEDF8495CE395A8" author="Robles" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Robles, M. R. (2011) New species of Trichuris (Nematoda: Trichuridae) from Akodon montensis Thomas, 1913, of the Paranaense forest in Argentina. Journal of Parasitology, 97 (2), 319 - 327." type="journal article" year="2011">Robles, 2011</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419662C76BFF74F82D5D8595A8" author="Robles" box="[222,439,1991,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Robles, M. R., Cutillas, C., Panei, C. J. &amp; Callejon, R. (2014) Morphological and molecular characterization of a new Trichuris species (Nematoda- Trichuridae), and phylogenetic relationships of Trichuris species of cricetid rodents from Argentina. PLoS ONE, 9, e 112069." type="journal article" year="2014">
Robles 
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29662C76BFE9EF8225D549597" box="[308,358,1991,2016]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">et al</emphasis>
., 2014
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419662C76BFE6EF82D5E6D95A8" author="Smales" box="[452,607,1991,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Smales, L. R. (2013) Nematodes from the caecum and colon of Pogonomys (Muridae: Anisomyini) from Papua New Guinea with the description of a new genus of Oxyuridae (Nematoda: Oxyurida) and a new species of Trichuridae (Nematoda: Enoplida). Zootaxa, 3599 (6), 577 - 587." type="journal article" year="2013">Smales, 2013</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419662C76BFDC6F82D5F0395A8" author="Feliu" box="[620,817,1991,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Feliu, C., Spakulova, M., Casanova, J. C., Renaud, F., Morand, S., Hugot, J. P., Santalla, F. &amp; Durand, P. (2000) Genetic and morphological heterogeneity in small rodent whipworm in southwestern Europe: Characterization of Trichuris muris and description of Trichuris arvicolae n. sp. (Nematoda: Trichuridae). Journal of Parasitology, 86 (3), 442 - 449. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3284855" type="journal article" year="2000">
Feliu 
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29662C76BFD04F8225ED59597" box="[686,743,1991,2016]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
, 2000
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419662C76BFC94F82D583995A8" author="Ribas" box="[830,1035,1991,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" refString="Ribas, A., Lopez, S., Makundi, R. H., Leirs, H. &amp; Bellocq, J. G. (2013) Trichuris spp. (Nematoda: Trichuridae) from two rodents, Mastomys natalensis and Gerbilliscus vicinus in Tanzania. Journal of Parasitology, 99 (5), 868 - 875. https: // doi. org / 10.1645 / 12 - 151.1" type="journal article" year="2013">
Ribas 
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29662C76BFC2CF8225F8D9597" box="[902,959,1991,2016]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">et al.</emphasis>
, 2013
</bibRefCitation>
). Among the congeners parasitic in murids, only 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D339663C76AFE9DFF735D9892C7" box="[311,426,153,176]" class="Adenophorea" family="Trichinellidae" genus="Trichuris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichocephalida" pageId="3" pageNumber="130" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="petrowi">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29663C76AFE9DFF735D9892C7" box="[311,426,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">T. petrowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D339663C76AFE76FF7D5E9C92C7" box="[476,686,151,176]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="130" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="terrestris">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29663C76AFE76FF7D5E9C92C7" box="[476,686,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">Arvicola terrestris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of 
<collectingRegion id="49EFF8529663C76AFD75FF725F7A92D8" box="[735,840,152,175]" country="Russia" name="Tatarstan" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">Tatarstan</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F33C76209663C76AFCF3FF7D5F9592C7" box="[857,935,151,176]" name="Russia" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">Russia</collectingCountry>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D339663C76AFC46FF73585592C7" box="[1004,1127,151,176]" class="Adenophorea" family="Trichinellidae" genus="Trichuris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichocephalida" pageId="3" pageNumber="130" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="spalacis">
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29663C76AFC46FF73585592C7" box="[1004,1127,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">T. spalacis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the mole rat, 
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29663C76AFA97FF7D5D7E92A2" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D339663C76AFA97FF7D59AE92C7" box="[1341,1436,151,176]" class="Adenophorea" family="Trichinellidae" genus="Trichuris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichocephalida" pageId="3" pageNumber="135" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="spalacis">Spalacis</taxonomicName>
microphthalmus
</emphasis>
, of 
<collectingCountry id="F33C76209663C76AFED2FF565DE792A2" box="[376,469,188,213]" name="Ukraine" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
, have been known to have gradually tapered and pointed spicule (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419663C76AFB1CFF565CE0928F" author="Petrov" pageId="3" pageNumber="130" refString="Petrov, A. M. &amp; Potekhina, L. F. (1953) A new species Trichocephalus spalacis nov. sp. from a mole rat. Trudy Instituta Gelmintologii, 5, 95 - 98. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1953">Petrov &amp; Potekhina, 1953</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419663C76AFF75FF355DFE928F" author="Skrjabin" box="[223,460,223,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="130" refString="Skrjabin, K. I., Shikhobalova, N. P. &amp; Orlov, I. V. (1957) Essentials of Nematodology. 6. Trichocephalidae and Capillariidae of Animals and Man and the Diseases Caused by Them. Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, 1970, 599 pp. [translated from Russian]" type="book" year="1957">
Skrjabin 
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29663C76AFEEDFF0B5DB2928F" box="[327,384,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">et al.</emphasis>
, 1957
</bibRefCitation>
). However, the former species has a cephalic expansion in the male and much longer distance (&gt; 
<quantity id="4CD39B559663C76AFEBDFEEE5D65936B" box="[279,343,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="130" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
) between the anus and posterior end of body in female, and the latter species has a smaller ratio (&lt;58 %) of anterior body to worm length in males and smaller eggs (62–65 by 29 µm), differing from the present species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419663C76AFF5CFEA65E2C9312" author="Petrov" box="[246,542,332,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="130" refString="Petrov, A. M. &amp; Potekhina, L. F. (1953) A new species Trichocephalus spalacis nov. sp. from a mole rat. Trudy Instituta Gelmintologii, 5, 95 - 98. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1953">Petrov &amp; Potekhina, 1953</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B419663C76AFD80FEA65F239312" author="Skrjabin" box="[554,785,332,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="130" refString="Skrjabin, K. I., Shikhobalova, N. P. &amp; Orlov, I. V. (1957) Essentials of Nematodology. 6. Trichocephalidae and Capillariidae of Animals and Man and the Diseases Caused by Them. Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, 1970, 599 pp. [translated from Russian]" type="book" year="1957">
Skrjabin 
<emphasis id="B95FEAA29663C76AFD25FEA75EFA9312" box="[655,712,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="130">et al.</emphasis>
, 1957
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>