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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.38.27041" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9e1dc914-3cfd-474c-8a0b-53f6fb79b94f" ID-PMC="PMC6160832" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049--47" ID-PubMed="30275739" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1314-4049--47" ModsDocOrigin="MycoKeys " ModsDocTitle="Validation of two Amanita species from eastern North America: A.rhacopus sp. nov. and A.variicolor sp. nov." checkinTime="1553125616924" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lambert, Herman, Fortin, Guy, Labbe, Roland, Labrecque, Jacqueline, Berube, Jean A., Landry, Jacques, Ilyukhin, Evgeny, Margaritescu, Simona, Moncalvo, Jean-Marc &amp; Lamoureux, Yves" docDate="2018" docId="E7B0A8F11CCB9D8C8E90D7705C9BF0C7" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 38: 47-57" docOrigin="MycoKeys 38" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.38.27041" docTitle="Amanita rhacopus Y. Lamoureux, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="1262FF8A910CFFBEFFE02F3C6D500871" masterDocTitle="Validation of two Amanita species from eastern North America: A. rhacopus sp. nov. and A. variicolor sp. nov." masterLastPageNumber="57" masterPageNumber="47" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1668136042081" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Validation of two Amanita species from eastern North America: A. rhacopus sp. nov. and A. variicolor sp. nov.</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lambert, Herman</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Fortin, Guy</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Labbe, Roland</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Labrecque, Jacqueline</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Berube, Jean A.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Landry, Jacques</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ilyukhin, Evgeny</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Margaritescu, Simona</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Moncalvo, Jean-Marc</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lamoureux, Yves</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>38</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>47</mods:start>
<mods:end>57</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.38.27041</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.38.27041</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049--47</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="154473983" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7B0A8F11CCB9D8C8E90D7705C9BF0C7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E7B0A8F11CCB9D8C8E90D7705C9BF0C7" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName LSID="827343" authority="Y. Lamoureux" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Amanitaceae" genus="Amanita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Amanita rhacopus" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rhacopus">Amanita rhacopus Y. Lamoureux</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="47">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Fig. 1
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName family="Amanitaceae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="A. inaurata" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="inaurata">A. inaurata</taxonomicName>
ss. Pomerl. p. p.;
<taxonomicName family="Amanitaceae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="A. ceciliae" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="ceciliae">A. ceciliae</taxonomicName>
ss. auct. amer. p. p.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
non
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Amanitaceae" genus="Amanita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Amanita inaurata" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="inaurata">Amanita inaurata</taxonomicName>
Secr. ex Gillet,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hyménomycètes">Hymenomycetes</normalizedToken>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Alençon">Alencon</normalizedToken>
): 41 (1874) [1878]
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
non
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Amanitaceae" genus="Agaricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Agaricus ceciliae" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="ceciliae">Agaricus ceciliae</taxonomicName>
Berk. &amp; Broome, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., Ser. 2 13: 396 (1854)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Amanitaceae" genus="Amanita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Amanita rhacopus" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rhacopus">Amanita rhacopus</taxonomicName>
differs from other species of
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Amanitaceae" genus="Amanita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="section" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Amanita" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="section" section="Vaginatae">Amanita section Vaginatae</taxonomicName>
by its brown to dark grey-brown pileus, stipe white at times covered with grey chevrons, universal veil grey leaving small to large flakes on pileus and annulus-like remnants at the stipe base, found in stands of conifers (
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Abies</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Picea</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pinus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Tsuga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tsuga" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Tsuga</taxonomicName>
) mixed with
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="holotype">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
CANADA,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Québec">Quebec</normalizedToken>
: Mont Orford, in mountain, close to a stand of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula papyrifera" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="papyrifera">Betula papyrifera</taxonomicName>
in a
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies balsamea" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="balsamea">Abies balsamea</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Tsuga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tsuga canadensis" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canadensis">Tsuga canadensis</taxonomicName>
forest, 45°18'43&quot; North, 72°14'24&quot; West, 11 July 1994, CMMF002171, ITS Genbank accession number MG734660.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
Description. Pileus 40-80 mm wide, ovoid to rounded conic slightly umbonate to applanate, smooth, brown to greyish-brown, with time darker in the centre and over inner ends of marginal striations, often with grey velar flakes, margin striated. Lamellae free, crowded, greyish near the pileus margin or completely greyish with age, lamellulae numerous, truncated, of very diverse lengths, unevenly distributed, edges finely powdered, white to whitish. Stipe 70-120
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
7-13 mm, cylindrical (not bulbous), flocculose and white first, then smooth to appressed fibrillose, whitish to greyish, at times with chevron-forming greyish fibrils, without annulus, with grey annulus-like remnants at the base. Universal veil friable, grey, leaving flakes on the pileus and annulus-like remnants at the stipe base. Partial veil absent. Context whitish, unchanging when cut or bruised, odour and taste not distinctive.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
Basidiospores [474/11/10] (8.4) 9.5-11.7 (14.5)
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(7.9) 9.0-11.1 (13.7)
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, Q= 1.0-1.1(1.2), Qm=1.05, globose to subglobose, smooth, monoguttulate, hyaline, inamyloid and cyanophilous. Basidia (50) 60-75
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
14-16 (18)
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, clavate, usually 4-spored with 4-6
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
long sterigmata, occasionally 2-spored with 5-10
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long sterigmata, clampless. Subhymenium composed of irregular globose to subglobose 9-18
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6-9
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
cells. Lamellar trama bilateral consisting of cylindro-clavate, clavate, fusiform to subfusiform, abundantly inflated cells 40-65
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
7-18
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, mixed with thin-walled, hyaline, 3-6
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
wide filamentous hyphae and of rare 3-6
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide, sinuous vascular hyphae. Volva remnants composed of short 3-7
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide filamentous ramified hyphae, numerous 25-50
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide terminal globose cells (few subglobose), rare to absent vascular hyphae. Pileipellis composed of 4-12
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide interwoven gelatinised brown filamentous hyphae mixed with an equal amount of 45-100
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
8-22
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
inflated cylindrical cells, often in chains and some 4-7.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide vascular hyphae. Pileus context composed of 4-12
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide filamentous sometimes partially inflated hyphae and 70-170
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
15-30
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
cylindrical to clavate inflated cells, often in chains with cells of the same diam. and some 4-8.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide vascular hyphae, ramified and distributed in all parts of the context. Stipitipellis composed of 40-180 (270)
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(16) 20-30 (35)
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
clavate terminal cells with grey pigment encrusted wall, originating from undifferentiated 4-6
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide hyphae. Stipe context composed mainly of 120-360
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
20-50
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
cylindrical cells in chains with ramified 3-5
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide filamentous hyphae and 4-7
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(apex) and 5-23
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(centre) wide vascular hyphae. Clamps absent.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
Figure 1.
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Amanitaceae" genus="Amanita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Amanita rhacopus" order="Agaricales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rhacopus">Amanita rhacopus</taxonomicName>
.
<normalizedToken originalValue="ac">a-c</normalizedToken>
Basidiomes a CMMF002171(holotype), photograph by Yves Lamoureux b CMMF009640, photograph by Jacqueline Labrecque c HL016, photograph by Herman Lambert
<normalizedToken originalValue="dh">d-h</normalizedToken>
Drawings of typical microscopic structures by Guy Fortin d Basidiospores e Basidia f Acrophysalides g Universal veil. h. Caulocystides. Scale bar: 3 cm (a, b), 10
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(d, e), 20
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="fh">f-h</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
Solitary or scattered in stands of conifers (
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Abies</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Picea</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pinus</taxonomicName>
) mixed with
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
, on mesic to sub-mesic soil, never seen in plantations, from July to September in
<normalizedToken originalValue="Québec">Quebec</normalizedToken>
and, according to sequences in Genbank, in all eastern North America down to Tennessee and Texas.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
The epithet
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Vaginatae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vaginatae rhacopus" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rhacopus">rhacopus</taxonomicName>
refers to the Greek
<normalizedToken originalValue="ῤάκος">ῤάκος</normalizedToken>
, meaning piece of cloth and
<normalizedToken originalValue="πούς">πούς</normalizedToken>
, meaning foot.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
Canada,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Québec">Quebec</normalizedToken>
:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Québec">Quebec</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boisé">Boise</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken originalValue="laéroport">l'aeroport</normalizedToken>
, R.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Labbé">Labbe</normalizedToken>
(RLA30465), 4 August 2007.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Québec">Quebec</normalizedToken>
, Base de plein air La
<normalizedToken originalValue="Découverte">Decouverte</normalizedToken>
, H. Lambert (HL0787), 10 July 2010. Sainte-Catherine-de-la-Jacques-Cartier, Station touristique Duchesnay (sentier 51), H. Lambert (HL002), 7 July 2012. Lac-Beauport, H.Lambert (HL016), 12 July 2008.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Québec">Quebec</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Château-Bigot">Chateau-Bigot</normalizedToken>
, H. Lambert (HL049), 21 September 2014 (Genbank accession number MG734661).
<normalizedToken originalValue="Québec">Quebec</normalizedToken>
, Base de plein air La
<normalizedToken originalValue="Découverte">Decouverte</normalizedToken>
, H. Lambert (HL022), 7 July 2013. Lac-Beauport, Lac Neigette nord, J. Labrecque (CMMF009600), 24 July 2007. Lac-Beauport, Chemin de la Chapelle, J. Labrecque (CMMF008929), 11 August 2006.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Québec">Quebec</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boisé">Boise</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken originalValue="laéroport">l'aeroport</normalizedToken>
, R.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Labbé">Labbe</normalizedToken>
(RLA30063), 15 July 2006. Lac-Beauport, Chemin de la Chapelle, J. Labrecque (CMMF009640), 29 July 2007 (Genbank accession number MG734662). Saint-Raymond, lac Sept-Iles, R. Lebeuf (HRL1876), 27 September 2014 (Genbank accession number MG734658).
<normalizedToken originalValue="Québec">Quebec</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Château-Bigot">Chateau-Bigot</normalizedToken>
, H. Lambert (HL048), 21 September 2014 (Genbank accession number MG734663). Grondines, Highway 40,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Renée">Renee</normalizedToken>
Lebeuf (HRL0804), 19 August 2011 (Genbank accession number MG734664). Ontario: Algonquin Provincial Park, M. Didukh and B. Dentinger (TRTC156853), 29 September 2007 (Genbank accession number MG734659).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>