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<document id="52D4458A8B160C595793BE460B47294A" ID-CLB-Dataset="3175" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5072.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a5454a8b-04cd-4cc6-ae0b-f13f31a7af34" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5744549" ID-ZooBank="CAB2C8C4-E0A4-4805-9DEB-94769C2F90EB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1638283643950" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mahecha-J, Oscar, Florczyk, Klaudia, Willmott, Keith, Cerdeña, José, Zubek, Anna, Boyer, Pierre, Farfán, Jackie, Lachowska-Cierlik, Dorota &amp; Pyrcz, Tomasz W." docDate="2021" docId="864387EE112D724EF8A109FC811425E6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5072.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5072 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Manerebia benigni subsp. tessmanni Pyrcz 2004" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="230" masterDocId="7A7AFF9611307253F836080285142354" masterDocTitle="Solving the cryptic diversity of the genus Manerebia Staudinger in northern Peru description of new species and considerations on the biogeographical role of the Huancabamba Deflection (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Pronophilina)" masterLastPageNumber="237" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="230" updateTime="1699471567071" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="102E91D35BDC29CCA64D3DE28ABC48ED">Solving the cryptic diversity of the genus Manerebia Staudinger in northern Peru description of new species and considerations on the biogeographical role of the Huancabamba Deflection (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Pronophilina)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6B13491620343FCB25ABC380DA43607F">Mahecha-J, Oscar</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BA9FC75A053CA88CC65DD9F3D28DAAF1">Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland. &amp; Instituto de Ciencias Naturales ICN / Laboratorio de Ecología del Paisaje y Modelación de Ecosistemas ECOLMOD, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Carrera 30 No. 45 - 03, Bogotá D. C., Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F2F28E6930A5159284BEB1BF2F82ECB8">Florczyk, Klaudia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DAD36A024B2103857242C0ECA25EC681">Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland. &amp; klaudia. florczyk @ uj. edu. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5731 - 8605</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1CC61C78278220792F92F4243598F41F" type="email">klaudia.florczyk@uj.edu.pl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="B333EE33DFDDAB866E342270A8AE111C">Willmott, Keith</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="505A52BC22275E4514B48E97627435E7">Florida Natural History Museum, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BAA68D103D6DC9D3DDB3F8FE25B539E6">Cerdeña, José</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="ABFB48B63C0DB0F5A92F9231D90105E2" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3930-6480</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="DA6686E51306214F3BBA647043380018">Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Museo de Historia Natural, Av. Alcides Carrión s / n, Escuela de Biología UNSA, Arequipa, Perú. &amp; cerdenajoseal @ yahoo. es; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3930 - 6480</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5479B3136C585CB54D9033A5C47F8902" type="email">cerdenajoseal@yahoo.es</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="526A1EB4FB41F5F6F6F7774555FEB775">Zubek, Anna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="86D34432E6773BDF09ECF46FF767F23C">Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland. &amp; anna. zubek @ uj. edu. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3663 - 522 X</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="88933D6D4D9B8F8754D0C4C3D66C610C" type="email">anna.zubek@uj.edu.pl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="C0A5BCA15639F996691540D6A5E0F289">Boyer, Pierre</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E82630A838CF81C6EC85AA29D19168FB">Lotissement l’Horizon, 13610, Le Puy Sainte Réparade, France. pierdom @ aliceadsl. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5C23412B4FE4172B01D29FA84E6BCA69">Farfán, Jackie</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FCD993F5397F6B7DD99AED1D881A69A2" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5913-0756</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="F29FAE0BE978A5CE7CD4D4865DF850D4">Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Museo de Historia Natural, Av. Alcides Carrión s / n, Escuela de Biología UNSA, Arequipa, Perú. &amp; jjackie 4 u @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5913 - 0756</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FE3E98501C745CF9F8BE186A16E92BD3" type="email">jjackie4u@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="9C217F1960A88B2E702A0CF234C5321E">Lachowska-Cierlik, Dorota</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="612D6F20694B491C968D3AFCE70FC041" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9072-1677</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D7E2C3271CDFA4026EF659B4B6C06D5F">Department of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland &amp; dorota. lachowska-cierlik @ uj. edu. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9072 - 1677</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="267434F4293F238065317A3C15709A0D" type="email">dorota.lachowska-cierlik@uj.edu.pl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="4640F21809CC9F559B676D4E1EEA4E80">Pyrcz, Tomasz W.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2E8318E6E1BA229E464C04C3BB7B30A3" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4822-0670</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="120B99F7D069A199229061B4B65976A0">Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland. &amp; Department of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland &amp; tomasz. pyrcz @ uj. edu. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4822 - 0670</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C4E095C63C04D3DF2987CC8C266DA9CB" type="email">tomasz.pyrcz@uj.edu.pl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="6144025F584C1DD2FD591CA582BF992C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="121643CD5ABF6F3EFC56F944A6B9FBF3">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="92511D78A8BB6ACD7D3E01B9BD67AEE8">5072</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="AFC0CCF4846D7B7F24F116C66426FC8E" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5072.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="864387EE112D724EF8A109FC811425E6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5747921" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190874995" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5747921" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE112D724EF8A109FC811425E6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/864387EE112D724EF8A109FC811425E6" lastPageNumber="230" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
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<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B112D724EF8A109FC878C214C" authority="Pyrcz, 2004" authorityName="Pyrcz" authorityYear="2004" box="[151,664,510,537]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="benigni" subSpecies="tessmanni">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EF8A109FC878C214C" bold="true" box="[151,664,510,537]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EF8A109FC84EB214D" bold="true" box="[151,511,510,537]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Manerebia benigni tessmanni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6A7B4B09112D724EFA3109FD878C214C" author="Pyrcz, T. W." box="[519,664,510,537]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" pagination="455 - 622" refId="ref22314" refString="Pyrcz, T. W. (2004) Pronophiline butterflies of the highlands of Chachapoyas in northern Peru: faunal survey, diversity and distribution patterns (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae). Genus, 15, 455 - 622." type="journal article" year="2004">Pyrcz, 2004</bibRefCitation>
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<subSubSection id="46F06573112D724EF8A10A218406216A" box="[151,274,546,574]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="description">
<paragraph id="0E5536F8112D724EF8A10A218406216A" blockId="29.[151,664,510,574]" box="[151,274,546,574]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
(
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D112D724EF8A90A2185FB2169" box="[159,239,546,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1849,1873]" captionTargetBox="[264,1317,190,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-21@11.[240,1348,181,1825]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Adults (left—dorsum, right—venter) A. M. benigni tessmanni ♂ Ecuador, Río Troya B. M. benigni tessmanni ♀, Ecuador, Jimbura —San Andrés C. M. pauperata n. stat. ♂ Ecuador, Zamora —Chinchipe D. M. lamasi n. stat. ♂, Ecuador, Morona—Santiago" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744559" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744559/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D112D724EF8CD0A21841E216A" box="[251,266,547,574]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[237,1370,197,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-21@17.[201,1386,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male genitalia (top—lateral view, middle—plan view, bottom—aedeagus extracted, lateral view) A. M. granatus n. sp. Peru, Rodríguez de Mendoza, prep. genit. KF-2736 B. M. placida n. sp. Ecuador, Zamora, prep. genit. KW-20-021 C. M. benigni tessmanni, Peru, Alto Río Nieva, prep. genit. KF-H_241 D. M. benigni tessmanni, Ecuador, Río Troya, prep. genit. KF-6282" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744563" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744563/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">6</figureCitation>
)
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="2EFA11D6112D724EF8A10A65845621CA" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
<treatmentCitation id="8F4B10E9112D724EF8A10A658796212B" author="Pyrcz, T. W." box="[151,642,615,640]" page="495" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" year="2004">
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B112D724EF8A10A658796212B" authority="Pyrcz, 2004: 495" authorityName="Pyrcz" authorityPageNumber="495" authorityYear="2004" box="[151,642,615,640]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="benigni" subSpecies="tessmanni">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EF8A10A6584D3212B" box="[151,455,615,639]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Manerebia benigni tessmanni</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA5112D724EF9F90A6A8796212B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048354" box="[463,642,615,640]" collectionCode="CEPUJ" country="Peru" location="Abra Pardo Miguel" municipality="Amazonas" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<bibRefCitation id="6A7B4B09112D724EF9F90A6A8796212B" author="Pyrcz, T. W." box="[463,642,615,640]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" pagination="455 - 622" refId="ref22314" refString="Pyrcz, T. W. (2004) Pronophiline butterflies of the highlands of Chachapoyas in northern Peru: faunal survey, diversity and distribution patterns (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae). Genus, 15, 455 - 622." type="journal article" year="2004">Pyrcz, 2004: 495</bibRefCitation>
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. Type locality:
<location id="0B356023112D724EFB170A6586FF212B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE112D724EF8A109FC811425E6:0B356023112D724EFB170A6586FF212B" box="[801,1003,615,639]" country="Peru" municipality="Amazonas" name="Abra Pardo Miguel" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Abra Pardo Miguel</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="EE31AC82112D724EFBC30A658177212B" box="[1013,1123,615,639]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Amazonas</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry id="76FD7668112D724EFC580A6A81B4212B" box="[1134,1184,616,639]" name="Peru" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Peru</collectingCountry>
.
<typeStatus id="D151885A112D724EFC9D0A65801D212B" box="[1195,1289,615,639]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male: CEPUJ [examined].
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<subSubSection id="46F06573112D724EF8A10ACE815C271A" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EF8A10ACE84E521B2" bold="true" box="[151,497,716,742]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Other specimens examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA5112D724EFA360ACE8435205F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048338" collectingDate="2017-08-15" country="Ecuador" elevation="2100" location="Rio Troya" municipality="Jimbura - Zumba" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Zamora-Chinchipe">
<collectingCountry id="76FD7668112D724EFA360ACE879821B2" box="[512,652,716,742]" name="Ecuador" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="18ECFD71112D724EFAA80ACE87C721B3" box="[670,723,716,743]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
:
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A112D724EFAD00ACE86A921B2" box="[742,957,716,742]" country="Ecuador" name="Zamora-Chinchipe" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Zamora-Chinchipe</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="EE31AC82112D724EFBF90ACE818C21B2" box="[975,1176,716,742]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Jimbura—Zumba</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="0B356023112D724EFC9C0ACE803221B3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE112D724EF8A109FC811425E6:0B356023112D724EFC9C0ACE803221B3" box="[1194,1318,716,743]" country="Ecuador" municipality="Jimbura - Zumba" name="Rio Troya" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" stateProvince="Zamora-Chinchipe">Río Troya</location>
,
<quantity id="C9129B1D112D724EFD0F0ACE808321B3" box="[1337,1431,716,743]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" unit="m" value="2100.0">
<elevation id="85C7D1CB112D724EFD0F0ACE808321B3" box="[1337,1431,716,743]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" unit="m" value="2100.0">2100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="7A541038112D724EF8A10AF28435205F" box="[151,289,752,779]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" value="2017-08-15">
<collectingDate id="6A10E9D0112D724EF8A10AF28435205F" box="[151,289,752,779]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" value="2017-08-15">15.viii.2017</collectingDate>
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,
<collectorName id="A31F532E112D724EF9060AF38485205F" box="[304,401,753,779]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">P. Boyer</collectorName>
leg.,
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D112D724EF9E00AF3871F205F" box="[470,523,753,779]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0e59-8wpg" name="Perum Bio Farma" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">PBF</collectionCode>
;
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA5112D724EFA2F0AF284A4207A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048327" collectingDate="2010-10-13" country="Ecuador" elevation="2020" latitude="-4.799722" location="San Andres-Jimbura rd." longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-79.305" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Zamora-Chinchipe">
<specimenCount id="18ECFD71112D724EFA2F0AF2875C205F" box="[537,584,752,779]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
:
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A112D724EFA6E0AF2863B205E" box="[600,815,752,778]" country="Ecuador" name="Zamora-Chinchipe" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Zamora-Chinchipe</collectingRegion>
, km 4.3
<location id="0B356023112D724EFBAE0AF281BD205E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE112D724EF8A109FC811425E6:0B356023112D724EFBAE0AF281BD205E" box="[920,1193,752,778]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-4.799722" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-79.305" name="San Andres-Jimbura rd." pageId="29" pageNumber="230" stateProvince="Zamora-Chinchipe">San Andrés-Jimbura rd.</location>
, [
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,
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],
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<elevation id="85C7D1CB112D724EF8E00B168424207B" box="[214,304,788,815]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.02" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" unit="m" value="2020.0">2020 m</elevation>
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,
<date id="7A541038112D724EF9080B1684A4207A" box="[318,432,788,814]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" value="2010-10-13">
<collectingDate id="6A10E9D0112D724EF9080B1684A4207A" box="[318,432,788,814]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" value="2010-10-13">13.x.2010</collectingDate>
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, K.
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.
<collectorName id="A31F532E112D724EFA310B16877F207A" box="[519,619,788,814]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Willmott</collectorName>
leg., [FLMNH-MGCL-145842; dissection KW-20-022],
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;
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA5112D724EFD470B1684312022" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048320" collectingDate="2007-10-11" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Willmott, K." country="Ecuador" elevation="1650" latitude="-3.2438889" location="Chiguinda-Gualaquiza rd." longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.67083" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Morona-Santiago">
<specimenCount id="18ECFD71112D724EFD470B168083207A" box="[1393,1431,788,814]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
:
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A112D724EF8A10B3A84742006" box="[151,352,824,850]" country="Ecuador" name="Morona-Santiago" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Morona-Santiago</collectingRegion>
: km. 9.5
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, river, [
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,
<geoCoordinate id="6BDE503F112D724EFBF70B3581402006" box="[961,1108,823,850]" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" precision="15" seconds="15" value="-78.67083">78°40'15''W</geoCoordinate>
],
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<elevation id="85C7D1CB112D724EFC5F0B3A81D62007" box="[1129,1218,824,851]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" unit="m" value="1650.0">1650 m</elevation>
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, (
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<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D112D724EFD440B3B809D2007" box="[1394,1417,825,851]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">R</collectionCode>
.),
<date id="7A541038112D724EF8A10B5E84312022" box="[151,293,860,886]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" value="2007-10-11">
<collectingDate id="6A10E9D0112D724EF8A10B5E84312022" box="[151,293,860,886]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" value="2007-10-11">11 Oct 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA5112D724EF9070B5986692022" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048335" box="[305,893,859,886]" collectingDate="2007-10-12" collectionCode="FLMNH" collectorName="Willmott, K." country="Ecuador" elevation="1650" isTailEnumeration="true" latitude="-3.2438889" location="Chiguinda-Gualaquiza rd." longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.67083" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Morona-Santiago">
[FLMNH-MGCL-118316], (
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D112D724EFA440B5E87CE2022" box="[626,730,860,886]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/24h4-51mc" name="Florida Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="Museum">FLMNH</collectionCode>
),
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<collectingDate id="6A10E9D0112D724EFAD80B5E86692022" box="[750,893,860,886]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" value="2007-10-12">12 Oct 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<specimenCount id="18ECFD71112D724EFBBF0B5E86A72023" box="[905,947,860,887]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
[FLMNH-MGCL-118307],
<specimenCount id="18ECFD71112D724EFCC30B5E80342023" box="[1269,1312,860,887]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
[FLMNH-MGCL-118308],
<specimenCount id="18ECFD71112D724EF96B0B82849C20CF" box="[349,392,896,923]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
[FLMNH-MGCL-118309],
<specimenCount id="18ECFD71112D724EFAFC0B8287E120CF" box="[714,757,896,923]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
[FLMNH-MGCL-118310],
<specimenCount id="18ECFD71112D724EFC010B82817620CF" box="[1079,1122,896,923]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
[FLMNH-MGCL-118312],
<specimenCount id="18ECFD71112D724EF8A10BA685D420EB" box="[151,192,932,959]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
[FLMNH-MGCL-118313],
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA5112D724EF9C90BA687DD20B6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048351" collectingDate="2007-10-11" collectionCode="FLMNH, R" collectorName="Willmott, K." country="Ecuador" elevation="2030" latitude="-3.2280555" location="Chiguinda" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.69972" municipality="San Martin" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="18ECFD71112D724EF9C90BA6873C20EB" box="[511,552,932,959]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
[FLMNH-MGCL-118314], (
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D112D724EFB580BA686C320EA" box="[878,983,932,958]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/24h4-51mc" name="Florida Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="Museum">FLMNH</collectionCode>
);
<collectingMunicipality id="EE31AC82112D724EFBDF0BA6817D20EA" box="[1001,1129,932,958]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">San Martin</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="0B356023112D724EFC450BA681FF20EA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE112D724EF8A109FC811425E6:0B356023112D724EFC450BA681FF20EA" box="[1139,1259,932,958]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-3.2280555" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.69972" municipality="San Martin" name="Chiguinda" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Chiguinda</location>
, [
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,
<geoCoordinate id="6BDE503F112D724EFD440BA685EA20B6" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" precision="15" seconds="59" value="-78.69972">78° 41'59''W</geoCoordinate>
],
<quantity id="C9129B1D112D724EF9390BCA847220B7" box="[271,358,968,995]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.03" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" unit="m" value="2030.0">
<elevation id="85C7D1CB112D724EF9390BCA847220B7" box="[271,358,968,995]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.03" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" unit="m" value="2030.0">2030 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, (
<collectorName id="A31F532E112D724EF94E0BCA871320B7" box="[376,519,968,995]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Willmott, K.</collectorName>
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D112D724EFA3B0BCB873020B7" box="[525,548,969,995]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">R</collectionCode>
.),
<date id="7A541038112D724EFA080BCA87DD20B6" box="[574,713,968,994]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" value="2007-10-11">
<collectingDate id="6A10E9D0112D724EFA080BCA87DD20B6" box="[574,713,968,994]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" value="2007-10-11">11 Oct 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<specimenCount id="18ECFD71112D724EFAE50BCA87E820B7" box="[723,764,968,995]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
[FLMNH-MGCL-118311],
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA5112D724EFC0C0BCA85C6277E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048342" collectingDate="2010-09-03" collectionCode="FLMNH" collectorName="Radford, J." country="Ecuador" elevation="2100" latitude="-3.9077778" location="Destacamento Paquisha Alto" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.48472" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Zamora-Chinchipe">
<specimenCount id="18ECFD71112D724EFC0C0BCA817020B7" box="[1082,1124,968,995]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
[FLMNH-MGCL-118315], (
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D112D724EF8A90BEE841C2752" box="[159,264,1004,1030]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/24h4-51mc" name="Florida Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="Museum">FLMNH</collectionCode>
);
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A112D724EF92D0BEE84E72752" box="[283,499,1004,1030]" country="Ecuador" name="Zamora-Chinchipe" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Zamora-Chinchipe</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="0B356023112D724EF9CB0BEF86562752" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE112D724EF8A109FC811425E6:0B356023112D724EF9CB0BEF86562752" box="[509,834,1004,1031]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-3.9077778" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.48472" name="Destacamento Paquisha Alto" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" stateProvince="Zamora-Chinchipe">Destacamento Paquisha Alto</location>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="6BDE503F112D724EFB650BE986D12752" box="[851,965,1003,1030]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" precision="15" seconds="28" value="-3.9077778">3°54'28''S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6BDE503F112D724EFBFC0BE9815F2752" box="[970,1099,1003,1030]" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" precision="15" seconds="5" value="-78.48472">78°29'5''W</geoCoordinate>
],
<quantity id="C9129B1D112D724EFC690BEE81A12753" box="[1119,1205,1004,1031]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" unit="m" value="2100.0">
<elevation id="85C7D1CB112D724EFC690BEE81A12753" box="[1119,1205,1004,1031]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" unit="m" value="2100.0">2100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, (
<collectorName id="A31F532E112D724EFCFF0BEE80522753" box="[1225,1350,1004,1031]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Radford, J.</collectorName>
),
<date id="7A541038112D724EFD6B0BEE85C6277E" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" value="2010-09-03">
<collectingDate id="6A10E9D0112D724EFD6B0BEE85C6277E" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" value="2010-09-03">3 Sep 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA5112D724EF8EB0C128742271A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048305" collectingDate="2010-10-13" collectionCode="FLMNH, R" collectorName="Willmott, K." country="Ecuador" elevation="2020" latitude="-4.799722" location="San Andres-Jimbura rd." longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-79.305" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="18ECFD71112D724EF8EB0C128413277F" box="[221,263,1040,1067]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
[PAN72; dissection, KW-20-017], (
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D112D724EFAAD0C128610277E" box="[667,772,1040,1066]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/24h4-51mc" name="Florida Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="Museum">FLMNH</collectionCode>
); km 4.3
<location id="0B356023112D724EFB5A0C128163277E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864387EE112D724EF8A109FC811425E6:0B356023112D724EFB5A0C128163277E" box="[876,1143,1040,1066]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-4.799722" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-79.305" name="San Andres-Jimbura rd." pageId="29" pageNumber="230">San Andrés-Jimbura rd.</location>
, [
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,
<geoCoordinate id="6BDE503F112D724EFD350C0D8084277E" box="[1283,1424,1039,1066]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" precision="15" seconds="18" value="-79.305">79°18'18''W</geoCoordinate>
],
<quantity id="C9129B1D112D724EF8A10C3685FA271B" box="[151,238,1076,1103]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.02" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" unit="m" value="2020.0">
<elevation id="85C7D1CB112D724EF8A10C3685FA271B" box="[151,238,1076,1103]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.02" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" unit="m" value="2020.0">2020 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, (
<collectorName id="A31F532E112D724EF9370C368485271B" box="[257,401,1076,1103]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Willmott, K.</collectorName>
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D112D724EF9AE0C3784BB271B" box="[408,431,1077,1103]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">R</collectionCode>
.),
<date id="7A541038112D724EF9FF0C368742271A" box="[457,598,1076,1102]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" value="2010-10-13">
<collectingDate id="6A10E9D0112D724EF9FF0C368742271A" box="[457,598,1076,1102]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" value="2010-10-13">13 Oct 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="BE823CA5112D724EFA570C368151271A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413048315" box="[609,1093,1075,1103]" collectionCode="FLMNH" country="Ecuador" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="18ECFD71112D724EFA570C36879F271B" box="[609,651,1076,1103]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
[FLMNH-MGCL-145840], (
<collectionCode id="68FBAE3D112D724EFBE20C368129271A" box="[980,1085,1076,1102]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/24h4-51mc" name="Florida Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="Museum">FLMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="46F06573112D724EF8F10C5A811425E6" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="0E5536F8112D724EF8F10C5A811425E6" blockId="29.[151,1437,716,1715]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EF8F10C5A842F2726" bold="true" box="[199,315,1112,1138]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B112D724EF9750C5B87212726" authorityName="Pyrcz" authorityYear="2004" box="[323,565,1112,1139]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="benigni" subSpecies="tessmanni">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EF9750C5B844E2726" box="[323,346,1113,1138]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EF95F0C5A87212726" box="[361,565,1112,1138]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">benigni tessmanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described from the northern part of the highlands of Chachapoyas, from the Abra Pardo Miguel area specifically, and during the course of subsequent field work it has also been recorded in several localities in the southern Ecuadorian provinces of
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A112D724EFB7F0CA2811927EE" box="[841,1037,1184,1210]" country="Ecuador" name="Morona-Santiago" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Morona-Santiago</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A112D724EFC700CA2800927EE" box="[1094,1309,1184,1210]" country="Ecuador" name="Zamora-Chinchipe" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Zamora-Chinchipe</collectingRegion>
. In the ML and bPTP trees
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B112D724EF97D0CC784D2278A" authorityName="Pyrcz" authorityYear="2004" box="[331,454,1220,1246]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benigni">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EF97D0CC784D2278A" box="[331,454,1220,1246]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">M. benigni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sequences clustered in a highly resolved clade (
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D112D724EFBDD0CC68156278A" box="[1003,1090,1220,1246]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[575,1017,184,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-23@26.[570,1017,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 13. Maximum likelihood tree (ML) reconstructed from a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene. Ultrafast bootstrap support values indicated on nodes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744585" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744585/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Figs.13</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D112D724EFC790CC68179278A" box="[1103,1133,1220,1246]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[591,998,182,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-21@27.[589,998,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 14. The Bayesian implementation of the Poisson Tree Processes (bPTP) for delimiting species based on a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744589/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">14</figureCitation>
), even if the only sampled specimen of
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B112D724EF91A0CEB87362656" authorityName="Pyrcz" authorityYear="2004" box="[300,546,1256,1282]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="benigni" subSpecies="tessmanni">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EF91A0CEB87362656" box="[300,546,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">M. benigni tessmanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the
<typeStatus id="D151885A112D724EFAAF0CEB87DD2657" box="[665,713,1257,1283]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">type</typeStatus>
locality clusters in an external position in an internal clade of nominate
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B112D724EF9310D0F84962672" authorityName="Pyrcz" authorityYear="2004" box="[263,386,1292,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benigni">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EF9310D0F84962672" box="[263,386,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">M. benigni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This, in our opinion shows that the more northerly populations of
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B112D724EFC490D0F80662672" authorityName="Pyrcz" authorityYear="2004" box="[1151,1394,1292,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="benigni" subSpecies="tessmanni">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EFC490D0F80662672" box="[1151,1394,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">M. benigni tessmanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are better differentiated on the molecular level from the nominate, which is logical from a geographical point of view, although they do not differ in colour patterns from the topotypical specimens of this subspecies. We illustrate
<specimenCount id="18ECFD71112D724EFD440D57841826C6" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
from Río Troya and Jimbura, male and female respectively (
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D112D724EFB9B0D7A813126C7" box="[941,1061,1400,1427]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1849,1873]" captionTargetBox="[264,1317,190,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-21@11.[240,1348,181,1825]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Adults (left—dorsum, right—venter) A. M. benigni tessmanni ♂ Ecuador, Río Troya B. M. benigni tessmanni ♀, Ecuador, Jimbura —San Andrés C. M. pauperata n. stat. ♂ Ecuador, Zamora —Chinchipe D. M. lamasi n. stat. ♂, Ecuador, Morona—Santiago" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744559" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744559/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Fig. 5A, B</figureCitation>
), associated with this taxon based on male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D112D724EF9530D9E84C926E3" box="[357,477,1436,1463]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1847,1871]" captionTargetBox="[237,1370,197,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-21@17.[201,1386,181,1823]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male genitalia (top—lateral view, middle—plan view, bottom—aedeagus extracted, lateral view) A. M. granatus n. sp. Peru, Rodríguez de Mendoza, prep. genit. KF-2736 B. M. placida n. sp. Ecuador, Zamora, prep. genit. KW-20-021 C. M. benigni tessmanni, Peru, Alto Río Nieva, prep. genit. KF-H_241 D. M. benigni tessmanni, Ecuador, Río Troya, prep. genit. KF-6282" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744563" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744563/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Fig. 6C, D</figureCitation>
), and the fact that the two have matching HWV colour patterns, that are different from both
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B112D724EF8E40DC3844A268E" authority="Mahecha-J &amp; Florczyk &amp; Willmott &amp; Cerdeña &amp; Zubek &amp; Boyer &amp; Farfán &amp; Lachowska-Cierlik &amp; Pyrcz, 2021" authorityName="Mahecha-J &amp; Florczyk &amp; Willmott &amp; Cerdeña &amp; Zubek &amp; Boyer &amp; Farfán &amp; Lachowska-Cierlik &amp; Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" box="[210,350,1473,1499]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EF8E40DC385FD268E" box="[210,233,1473,1498]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EF8CC0DC3844A268E" box="[250,350,1473,1498]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">granatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EF9510DC284BC268E" bold="true" box="[359,424,1472,1498]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD5791112D724EF9510DC284BC268E" box="[359,424,1472,1498]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B112D724EF9D50DC3874B268E" authority="Mahecha-J &amp; Florczyk &amp; Willmott &amp; Cerdeña &amp; Zubek &amp; Boyer &amp; Farfán &amp; Lachowska-Cierlik &amp; Pyrcz, 2021" authorityName="Mahecha-J &amp; Florczyk &amp; Willmott &amp; Cerdeña &amp; Zubek &amp; Boyer &amp; Farfán &amp; Lachowska-Cierlik &amp; Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" box="[483,607,1472,1499]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="placida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EF9D50DC384EE268E" box="[483,506,1473,1498]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EFA3D0DC2874B268E" box="[523,607,1472,1498]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">placida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EFA5E0DC287BD268E" bold="true" box="[616,681,1472,1498]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="27AD5791112D724EFA5E0DC287BD268E" box="[616,681,1472,1498]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Such a distribution pattern is not unfrequent among pronophiline butterflies at the subspecific level, as exemplified by
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B112D724EFAC40DE781E926AA" authority="Pyrcz 2004" authorityName="Pyrcz" authorityYear="2004" box="[754,1277,1508,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Eretris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="porphyria" subSpecies="transmaraniona">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EFAC40DE7816626AA" box="[754,1138,1508,1534]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Eretris porphyria transmaraniona</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6A7B4B09112D724EFC4C0DE781E926AA" author="Pyrcz, T. W." box="[1146,1277,1508,1535]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" pagination="455 - 622" refId="ref22314" refString="Pyrcz, T. W. (2004) Pronophiline butterflies of the highlands of Chachapoyas in northern Peru: faunal survey, diversity and distribution patterns (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae). Genus, 15, 455 - 622." type="journal article" year="2004">Pyrcz 2004</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, which is also found in the two areas on the opposite sides of the Río Chamaya valley (
<bibRefCitation id="6A7B4B09112D724EFB850E0A812A2576" author="Pyrcz, T. W." box="[947,1086,1544,1570]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" pagination="455 - 622" refId="ref22314" refString="Pyrcz, T. W. (2004) Pronophiline butterflies of the highlands of Chachapoyas in northern Peru: faunal survey, diversity and distribution patterns (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae). Genus, 15, 455 - 622." type="journal article" year="2004">Pyrcz, 2004</bibRefCitation>
). However, according to BI and GMYC analyses (
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D112D724EF9680E2E84AF2512" box="[350,443,1580,1606]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[572,1012,184,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-21@25.[572,1014,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Bayesian Inference tree (BI) reconstructed from a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene. Posterior probability values indicated on nodes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744583/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="96D12A7D112D724EF9F00E2E84F02513" box="[454,484,1580,1607]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[591,997,185,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-23@28.[589,998,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 15. The generalized mixed Yule-coalescent (GMYC) for delimiting species based on a fragment of COI mitochondrial gene." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5744591" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5744591/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">15</figureCitation>
), the sample DL-
<specimenCount id="18ECFD71112D724EFA920E2E87E72512" box="[676,755,1580,1607]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="generic">
457
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B112D724EFAE20E2F87E72512" authority="benigni" box="[724,755,1581,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="benigni" subSpecies="benigni">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EFAE20E2F87E72512" box="[724,755,1581,1606]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">M.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</specimenCount>
benigni benigni appears as sister species to
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B112D724EFCEC0E2F80522512" box="[1242,1350,1581,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satura">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EFCEC0E2F80522512" box="[1242,1350,1581,1606]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">M. satura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the other samples of
<taxonomicName id="C9EA4D7B112D724EF96F0E5384C0253E" authorityName="Pyrcz" authorityYear="2004" box="[345,468,1616,1642]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benigni">
<emphasis id="3C9EEAEA112D724EF96F0E5384C0253E" box="[345,468,1616,1642]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">M. benigni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and it represents a separate species, as indicated by high genetic divergence (&gt;3.7%) (Supplementary material 2). More samples from the Peruvian department of
<collectingRegion id="CC2EF81A112D724EFC3D0E76819525DA" box="[1035,1153,1652,1678]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
are, however, needed in order to have a better insight on the relationships of the taxa within this clade.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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