450 lines
58 KiB
XML
450 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document id="E45A3303709CF44073B5D83D1F0774F0" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4006.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="78b1e800-beb2-470b-91a3-1f670551351a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="243797" ID-ZooBank="B154E526-0C08-4A92-868E-A36E45F2F1A1" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461204948217" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Li, Xuankun, Marshall, Stephen A. & Yang, Ding" docDate="2015" docId="03ED4575FFCCFF9A759DFE71DE6E77A5" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04006p246.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4006 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Cothornobata Czerny 1932" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="205" masterDocId="FFD43D0DFFCFFF9E750AFFA8DB7A7238" masterDocTitle="A review of the Oriental species of Cothornobata Czerny (Diptera, Micropezidae, Eurybatinae)" masterLastPageNumber="246" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="204" updateTime="1698601325199" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="48509E7E750ED5FA9231B3A9F85DEAE1">
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<mods:title id="F8E5C1F13FC27B958055967AF2013C30">A review of the Oriental species of Cothornobata Czerny (Diptera, Micropezidae, Eurybatinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="D6AB8A6697A7663CDBDDE9B3C3C214D2" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="01785A3DD783F9687EAC0FF6895D6A83">Li, Xuankun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="47EC532B8C0814BB1926F313D5BCDCF5">Marshall, Stephen A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6F91D8554D9EBC86DD2465465B02E20E">Yang, Ding</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BE92DA27E3527E3641577522033D0619">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9BDDC38DDF3759F2AF945BF853F32CA3">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="455F120939638B9999CFFE999AB64634">4006</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03ED4575FFCCFF9A759DFE71DE6E77A5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6094480" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119630180" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6094480" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03ED4575FFCCFF9A759DFE71DE6E77A5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ED4575FFCCFF9A759DFE71DE6E77A5" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="205" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
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<subSubSection id="C35EA7E8FFCCFF9D759DFE71D93A73CB" box="[151,576,472,499]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFBF463FFCCFF9D759DFE71D93A73CB" blockId="3.[151,576,472,499]" box="[151,576,472,499]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
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<heading id="D0B3430FFFCCFF9D759DFE71D93A73CB" bold="true" box="[151,576,472,499]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9302871FFCCFF9D759DFE71D93A73CB" bold="true" box="[151,576,472,499]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCCFF9D75E4FE70D93A73CB" ID-CoL="62NFW" authority="Czerny, 1932" authorityName="Czerny" authorityYear="1932" box="[238,576,472,499]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9302871FFCCFF9D75E4FE70DAEF73CA" bold="true" box="[238,405,472,498]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Cothornobata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD58992FFCCFF9D7496FE71D93A73CB" author="Czerny" box="[412,576,473,499]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" refString="Czerny, L. (1932) Tyliden und Neriiden des Zoologische Museums in Hamburg. (Diptera). Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 93, 267 - 302." type="journal article" year="1932">Czerny, 1932</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35EA7E8FFCCFF9A759DFD88DE6E77A5" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="205" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BFBF463FFCCFF9D759DFD88D953704B" blockId="3.[151,1436,544,688]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB54D34DFFCCFF9D759DFD88D953704B" infered="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
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<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCCFF9D759DFD88DA92700E" ID-CoL="62NFW" authority="Czerny, 1932: 267" authorityName="Czerny" authorityPageNumber="267" authorityYear="1932" box="[151,488,544,566]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9302871FFCCFF9D759DFD88DA5F700E" box="[151,293,544,566]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Cothornobata</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE5D272FFCCFF9D7421FD88DA92700E" author="Czerny" box="[299,488,544,566]" page="267" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" year="1932">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD58992FFCCFF9D7421FD88DACF700E" author="Czerny" box="[299,437,544,566]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" refString="Czerny, L. (1932) Tyliden und Neriiden des Zoologische Museums in Hamburg. (Diptera). Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 93, 267 - 302." type="journal article" year="1932">Czerny, 1932</bibRefCitation>
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: 267
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54FF4AC1FFCCFF9D74F8FD89D95E700E" box="[498,548,545,566]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCCFF9D778BFD89D827700E" ID-CoL="YXG7" authority="Czerny" authorityName="Czerny" box="[641,861,544,566]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatifrons">
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<emphasis id="B9302871FFCCFF9D778BFD89D874700E" box="[641,782,544,566]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">C. striatifrons</emphasis>
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Czerny
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</taxonomicName>
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(=
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<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCCFF9D768BFD88DFB0700E" authority="Hendel, 1913" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1913" box="[897,1226,544,566]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Trepidaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanea">
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<emphasis id="B9302871FFCCFF9D768BFD88DF40700E" box="[897,1082,544,566]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Trepidaria cyanea</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD58992FFCCFF9D714BFD88DFB0700E" author="Hendel" box="[1089,1226,544,566]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" refString="Hendel, F. (1913) H. Sauter's Formosa-Ausbeute. Acalyptrate Musciden (Dipt.) II. Supplementa entomologicae, 38, 37 - 51." type="journal article" year="1913">Hendel, 1913</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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) (monotypy).
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<emphasis id="B9302871FFCCFF9D759DFD96DA34706C" box="[151,334,574,596]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Sphaericocephala</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE5D272FFCCFF9D7452FD96D966706C" author="Czerny" box="[344,540,574,596]" page="291" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" year="1932">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD58992FFCCFF9D7452FD96DA9F706C" author="Czerny" box="[344,485,574,596]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" refString="Czerny, L. (1932) Tyliden und Neriiden des Zoologische Museums in Hamburg. (Diptera). Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 93, 267 - 302." type="journal article" year="1932">Czerny, 1932</bibRefCitation>
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: 291
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</treatmentCitation>
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. Nomen nudum; genus-group name proposed after 1930 without designation of
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<typeStatus id="54FF4AC1FFCCFF9D707AFD97DEE6706C" box="[1392,1436,575,596]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">type</typeStatus>
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species from five included species.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFBF463FFCCFF9D759DFDD4D99E7088" blockId="3.[151,1436,544,688]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
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<emphasis id="B9302871FFCCFF9D759DFDD4DA3470AA" box="[151,334,636,658]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Sphaericocephala</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD58992FFCCFF9D745CFDD4DA8A70AA" author="Steyskal" box="[342,496,636,658]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" refString="Steyskal, G. C. (1977) Family Micropezidae. In: Delfinado, M. D. & Hardy, D. E. (Eds.), A catalog of the Diptera of the Oriental region, 3, pp. 13 - 20. [The University Press of Hawaii]" type="journal article" year="1977">Steyskal, 1977</bibRefCitation>
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: 12.
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<typeStatus id="54FF4AC1FFCCFF9D772EFDD5D92C70AA" box="[548,598,637,658]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCCFF9D77BDFDD4DF7270AA" authority="Hendel, 1913" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1913" box="[695,1032,636,658]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Trepidarea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanea">
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<emphasis id="B9302871FFCCFF9D77BDFDD4D80C70AA" box="[695,886,636,658]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Trepidarea cyanea</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD58992FFCCFF9D7674FDD4DF7270AA" author="Hendel" box="[894,1032,636,658]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" refString="Hendel, F. (1913) H. Sauter's Formosa-Ausbeute. Acalyptrate Musciden (Dipt.) II. Supplementa entomologicae, 38, 37 - 51." type="journal article" year="1913">Hendel, 1913</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(original designation). Nomen nudum; genus-group name proposed in synonymy after 1960.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFBF463FFCCFF9D759DFD75DF507122" blockId="3.[151,1437,733,2029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
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<emphasis id="B9302871FFCCFF9D759DFD75DA0E70CE" bold="true" box="[151,372,733,758]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Generic diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Postmetacoxal bridge absent. Mesonotum elevated, convex anteriorly and without transverse depression between postpronotal lobes. Distiphallus with long terminal filaments.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFBF463FFCCFF9D75CDFC8DDE6B71F6" blockId="3.[151,1437,733,2029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
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<emphasis id="B9302871FFCCFF9D75CDFC8DDAC07106" bold="true" box="[199,442,805,830]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Generic description.</emphasis>
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Body colour black to yellow. Frons slightly pitted. Head usually with 1 postocellar seta (postocellar seta absent in the Australian species
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<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCCFF9D77C2FCE2D8E2715A" ID-CoL="8BLH5" authority="McAlpine" authorityName="McAlpine" box="[712,920,841,866]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atra">
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<emphasis id="B9302871FFCCFF9D77C2FCE2D8607159" box="[712,794,842,865]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">C. atra</emphasis>
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McAlpine
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</taxonomicName>
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), 1 inner vertical seta, 1 outer vertical seta, 1 frontal seta, 0 to 1 orbital seta (
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<figureCitation id="137FE8E6FFCCFF9D770DFCC5D92371BE" box="[519,601,877,902]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[172,1419,202,1851]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1435,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cothornobata shuimanensis sp. nov., male. A, left lateral; B, head; C, wing; D, genital fork; E, genitalia, left lateral; F, genitalia, posterior; G, aedeagus and associated structures, left lateral; H, aedeagus and associated structures, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm. Abbreviations: frorb s, fronto-orbital setae; i vt s, inner vertical seta; o vt s, outer vertical seta; poc s, postocellar seta." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243801/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
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B, 14B). Orbital plate glossy. Postocellar setae usually subparallel (often slightly convergent in the Australian species
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<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCCFF9D7794FC3AD8177192" ID-CoL="YXFX" authority="McAlpine" authorityName="McAlpine" box="[670,877,913,938]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alta">
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<emphasis id="B9302871FFCCFF9D7794FC3AD9977192" box="[670,749,913,938]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">C. alta</emphasis>
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McAlpine
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</taxonomicName>
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). Clypeus large, often glossy; palpus moderately developed. Arista usually bare or almost so, sometimes pubescent to short-plumose on basal half only.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFBF463FFCCFF9D75CDFC71DEF47792" blockId="3.[151,1437,733,2029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
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Thorax entirely pruinose, thorax with 2 notopleural setae, 1 dorsocentral seta, 1 supra-alar seta, 1 postalar seta, 1 apical scutellar seta; katepisternum with 2–4 strong setae (
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<figureCitation id="137FE8E6FFCCFF9D7643FC55D8E4762E" box="[841,926,1021,1046]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1435,193,1834]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 25. Cothornobata females from Vietnam (Cuc Phuong National Park, May 2013, S. A. Marshall). A, C. paieroi sp. nov., with attached pseudoscorpion, B, C. breviseta sp. nov., ovipositing in sappy decaying wood." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243822/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
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B). Mesoscutum dark, concolorous or almost so. Mesoscutum strongly gibbous anteriorly, anterior margin of scutum bent at a near right angle, ending in sunken pronotum. Legs pale yellow to dark brown; mid and hind femora of Oriental species other than
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<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCCFF9D71D1FBEEDE327665" ID-CoL="YXG8" box="[1243,1352,1094,1117]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viriata">
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<emphasis id="B9302871FFCCFF9D71D1FBEEDE327665" box="[1243,1352,1094,1117]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">C. viriata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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mostly yellow, with an extensively brown to black apex (
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<figureCitation id="137FE8E6FFCCFF9D77DBFBC1D85B76BA" box="[721,801,1129,1154]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[186,1394,225,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[174,1404,193,1903]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cothornobata breviseta sp. nov., male. A, left lateral; B, head; C, wing; D, genital fork; E, genitalia, left lateral; F, genitalia, posterior; G, aedeagus and associated structures, left lateral; H, aedeagus and associated structures, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243799/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
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A).
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<collectingCountry id="F353B4F3FFCCFF9D7647FBC1D8FF76BA" box="[845,901,1129,1154]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Hind</collectingCountry>
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femur little longer than mid femur, mid femur about twice as long as fore femur; mid and hind tibiae sometimes with anterior longitudinal groove in basal quarter (more extensive in some Australian species); hind tibia with 3–5 dorsolateral preapical spines and a bare dorsoapical area. Setulae and setae on legs black. Wing pigmentation relatively conserved among northern Oriental species: generally infuscated except for pale strip posterior to CuA1 and incomplete pale postdiscal band (posterior to R2+3); distal band often distinct (incorporating the preapical and apical bands which are not separated by pale subapical band), discal band small and only slightly darker than base of wing in northern Oriental species (variable from nearly hyaline to broad and dark in Australian species). CuA2 slightly sinuate, anal cell pointed posteriorly; vein A1+Cu2 reaching wing margin (
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<figureCitation id="137FE8E6FFCCFF9D7724FA39D9067792" box="[558,636,1425,1450]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[186,1394,225,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[174,1404,193,1903]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cothornobata breviseta sp. nov., male. A, left lateral; B, head; C, wing; D, genital fork; E, genitalia, left lateral; F, genitalia, posterior; G, aedeagus and associated structures, left lateral; H, aedeagus and associated structures, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243799/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
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C). Distal part of axillary sclerites with dense fascicle of short setulae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFBF463FFCCFF9D75CDFA10D9A57501" blockId="3.[151,1437,733,2029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
|
||
Abdominal tergites mostly dark and pubescent. Setulae on abdomen black to blackish-brown. Genital fork of male sternite 5 highly modified, usually armed with modified basal and medial tubercles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137FE8E6FFCCFF9D7177FA74DFC577CD" box="[1149,1215,1500,1525]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1872,1894]" captionTargetBox="[201,1377,217,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[187,1396,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Cothornobata cyanea (Hendel, 1913), male. A, left lateral; B, head; C, wing; D, genital fork; E, genitalia, left lateral; F, genitalia, posterior; G, aedeagus and associated structures, left lateral; H, aedeagus and associated structures, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm. Abbreviations: arm, arm of genital fork; base, sternite 5 anterior to arm; b tub, basal tubercle; cerc, cercus; distph, distiphallus; ej apod, ejaculatory apodeme; epand, epandrium; hypd, hypandrium; m tub, medial tubercle; pgt, postgonite; phapod, phallapodeme; pregt, pregonite; sur, surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243804/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
D), apex sometimes inflated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137FE8E6FFCCFF9D75F4F9A8DA2B7421" box="[254,337,1536,1561]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1858,1880]" captionTargetBox="[200,1352,203,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[170,1407,193,1842]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 10. Cothornobata pugnoa sp. nov., male. A, left lateral; B, head; C, wing; D, genital fork; E, genitalia, left lateral; F, genitalia, posterior; G, aedeagus and associated structures, left lateral; H, aedeagus and associated structures, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243807/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
D). Abdominal membrane pale to dark gray, usually without pigmentation patterns on preserved specimens. Epandrium elongate and pointed anteroventrally, with sparse dorsal setae and long lateral ventral setae, moderately short on dorsal part, elongated and pointed anteroventrally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137FE8E6FFCCFF9D76B3F9E0D8817459" box="[953,1019,1608,1633]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1872,1894]" captionTargetBox="[201,1377,217,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[187,1396,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Cothornobata cyanea (Hendel, 1913), male. A, left lateral; B, head; C, wing; D, genital fork; E, genitalia, left lateral; F, genitalia, posterior; G, aedeagus and associated structures, left lateral; H, aedeagus and associated structures, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm. Abbreviations: arm, arm of genital fork; base, sternite 5 anterior to arm; b tub, basal tubercle; cerc, cercus; distph, distiphallus; ej apod, ejaculatory apodeme; epand, epandrium; hypd, hypandrium; m tub, medial tubercle; pgt, postgonite; phapod, phallapodeme; pregt, pregonite; sur, surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243804/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
E), anteroventral epandrial arms long and pointed, articulating with posteroventral hypandrial arms (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137FE8E6FFCCFF9D765EF9C4D8ED74BD" box="[852,919,1644,1669]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1863,1885]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1435,193,1841]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. Cothornobata paieroi sp. nov. A, female, left lateral; B, genital fork; C, aedeagus and associated structures male terminalia, left lateral; D, details of aedeagus and associated structures, showing pregonite and postgonite, left lateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243806/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Surstylus well developed, with long apical and lateral setae. Cercus rounded, densely setulose. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137FE8E6FFCCFF9D760AF938D83C7490" box="[768,838,1680,1705]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1872,1894]" captionTargetBox="[201,1377,217,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[187,1396,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Cothornobata cyanea (Hendel, 1913), male. A, left lateral; B, head; C, wing; D, genital fork; E, genitalia, left lateral; F, genitalia, posterior; G, aedeagus and associated structures, left lateral; H, aedeagus and associated structures, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm. Abbreviations: arm, arm of genital fork; base, sternite 5 anterior to arm; b tub, basal tubercle; cerc, cercus; distph, distiphallus; ej apod, ejaculatory apodeme; epand, epandrium; hypd, hypandrium; m tub, medial tubercle; pgt, postgonite; phapod, phallapodeme; pregt, pregonite; sur, surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243804/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
E, F). Ejaculatory apodeme of sperm pump usually plate-like, very broad (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137FE8E6FFCCFF9D7490F91CDAA774F5" box="[410,477,1716,1741]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1872,1894]" captionTargetBox="[201,1377,217,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[187,1396,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Cothornobata cyanea (Hendel, 1913), male. A, left lateral; B, head; C, wing; D, genital fork; E, genitalia, left lateral; F, genitalia, posterior; G, aedeagus and associated structures, left lateral; H, aedeagus and associated structures, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm. Abbreviations: arm, arm of genital fork; base, sternite 5 anterior to arm; b tub, basal tubercle; cerc, cercus; distph, distiphallus; ej apod, ejaculatory apodeme; epand, epandrium; hypd, hypandrium; m tub, medial tubercle; pgt, postgonite; phapod, phallapodeme; pregt, pregonite; sur, surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243804/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
G) (relatively small in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCCFF9D77EBF91DD8FC74F5" ID-CoL="8BLHC" box="[737,902,1717,1741]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingensfurca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCCFF9D77EBF91DD8FC74F5" box="[737,902,1717,1741]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">C. ingensfurca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A203950AFFCCFF9D7684F91DD89074F5" box="[910,1002,1717,1741]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
). Distiphallus with trifurcate or paired terminal filaments. Pregonite ventrally setulose at apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137FE8E6FFCCFF9D7639F970D80174C9" box="[819,891,1752,1777]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1863,1885]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1435,193,1841]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. Cothornobata paieroi sp. nov. A, female, left lateral; B, genital fork; C, aedeagus and associated structures male terminalia, left lateral; D, details of aedeagus and associated structures, showing pregonite and postgonite, left lateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243806/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
D). Postgonite with 0–1 apical seta (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137FE8E6FFCCFF9D703AF970DE0374C9" box="[1328,1401,1752,1777]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1872,1894]" captionTargetBox="[201,1377,217,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[187,1396,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Cothornobata cyanea (Hendel, 1913), male. A, left lateral; B, head; C, wing; D, genital fork; E, genitalia, left lateral; F, genitalia, posterior; G, aedeagus and associated structures, left lateral; H, aedeagus and associated structures, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm. Abbreviations: arm, arm of genital fork; base, sternite 5 anterior to arm; b tub, basal tubercle; cerc, cercus; distph, distiphallus; ej apod, ejaculatory apodeme; epand, epandrium; hypd, hypandrium; m tub, medial tubercle; pgt, postgonite; phapod, phallapodeme; pregt, pregonite; sur, surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243804/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
G). Female oviscape over 1.2X length of tergite 6 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137FE8E6FFCCFF9D77B8F954D87E752D" box="[690,772,1788,1813]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="31.[151,250,950,972]" captionTargetBox="[164,1424,212,905]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[150,1436,193,929]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 17. Cothornobata longigonitea sp. nov., female. A, left lateral; B, spermathecae and associated structures. Scale bars = 1 mm. Abbreviations: ps, paired spermathecae; ss, single spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243814/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Three (2+1) small subspherical, somewhat bell-shaped spermathecae on long, unmodified ducts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137FE8E6FFCCFF9D7766F888D9C47501" box="[620,702,1824,1849]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="31.[151,250,950,972]" captionTargetBox="[164,1424,212,905]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[150,1436,193,929]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 17. Cothornobata longigonitea sp. nov., female. A, left lateral; B, spermathecae and associated structures. Scale bars = 1 mm. Abbreviations: ps, paired spermathecae; ss, single spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243814/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFBF463FFCCFF9D75CDF8EDD8B075B9" blockId="3.[151,1437,733,2029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
|
||
Eggs (obtained from female abdomen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCCFF9D779CF8ECD8A87565" ID-CoL="8BLHK" box="[662,978,1860,1885]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shuimanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCCFF9D779CF8ECD8A87565" box="[662,978,1860,1885]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Cothornobata shuimanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A203950AFFCCFF9D76D3F8EDDF4B7565" box="[985,1073,1861,1885]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
) about
|
||
<quantity id="4CBC5986FFCCFF9D718CF8EDDFA77564" box="[1158,1245,1861,1885]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length, nearly 2.4X as long as wide, with longitudinally elongated oval stripe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137FE8E6FFCCFF9D766EF8C0D8DD75B9" box="[868,935,1896,1921]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,869,891]" captionTargetBox="[156,1425,215,832]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[150,1437,193,847]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Cothornobata shuimanensis sp. nov., female. A, left lateral; B, spermathecae and associated structures; C, egg. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243802/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFBF463FFCCFF9A75CDF824DACC73CC" blockId="3.[151,1437,733,2029]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,1437]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="205" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCCFF9D75CDF824DAFB759D" bold="true" box="[199,385,1932,1957]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Similar genera.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCCFF9D7480F824D95D759D" ID-CoL="62NFW" box="[394,551,1932,1957]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCCFF9D7480F824D95D759D" box="[394,551,1932,1957]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Cothornobata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
most closely resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCCFF9D764BF824DFDE759D" ID-CoL="3VM5" authority="Enderlein, 1922" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1922" box="[833,1188,1932,1957]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Crepidochetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCCFF9D764BF824D899759D" box="[833,995,1932,1957]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Crepidochetus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD58992FFCCFF9D76E7F824DFDE759D" author="Enderlein" box="[1005,1188,1932,1957]" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" refString="Enderlein, G. (1922) Klassifikation der Micropeziden. Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte Berlin Abt A, 88 (5), 140 - 299." type="journal article" year="1922">Enderlein, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but differs in having subparallel postocellar setae, a longitudinally striped or (usually) concolorous mesoscutum, mid femur with the basal half not notably thickened, and a distiphallus with long terminal filaments. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCCFF9D714CF87CDF9275D5" ID-CoL="3VM5" box="[1094,1256,2004,2029]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Crepidochetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCCFF9D714CF87CDF9275D5" box="[1094,1256,2004,2029]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="204">Crepidochetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the postocellar setae are strongly convergent (generally crossed), the mesoscutum has a complete transverse grey-pruinose band immediately in front of the transverse suture, the mid femur is thickened on the basal half and the distiphallus lacks terminal filaments. Moreover, the contour of the mesoscutum in Oriental
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A76E6FF77DFF372C0" ID-CoL="62NFW" box="[1004,1161,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A76E6FF77DFF372C0" box="[1004,1161,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Cothornobata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as described above) is intermediate between the form typical of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A7778FEACD8757325" ID-CoL="5QXQ" box="[626,783,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Metopochetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7778FEACD8757325" box="[626,783,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Metopochetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A7643FEACD8917325" ID-CoL="3VM5" box="[841,1003,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Crepidochetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7643FEACD8917325" box="[841,1003,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Crepidochetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A7116FEACDFC37325" ID-CoL="5QXQ" box="[1052,1209,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Metopochetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7116FEACDFC37325" box="[1052,1209,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Metopochetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the mesoscutum is strongly convex anteriorly and overhangs the pronotum, with the anterior margin of scutum forming an angle of less than 90°. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A7451FEE4DA87735D" ID-CoL="3VM5" box="[347,509,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Crepidochetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7451FEE4DA87735D" box="[347,509,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Crepidochetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the mesoscutum is only slightly convex anteriorly and gradually slopes towards the pronotum, with the anterior margin of scutum forming an angle of more than 90° (the Australian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A71F5FEC7DA117395" ID-CoL="YXFZ" authority="McAlpine" authorityName="McAlpine" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grallina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A71F5FEC7DB8B7395" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Cothornobata grallina</emphasis>
|
||
McAlpine
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A74A8FE3DD9157395" ID-CoL="YXG2" authority="McAlpine" authorityName="McAlpine" box="[418,623,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A74A8FE3DDA8D7395" box="[418,503,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. levis</emphasis>
|
||
McAlpine
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
somewhat resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A7657FE3CD8857395" ID-CoL="3VM5" box="[861,1023,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Crepidochetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7657FE3CD8857395" box="[861,1023,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Crepidochetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for this character). The scutellum in Oriental
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A75F7FE1FDAE073E8" ID-CoL="62NFW" box="[253,410,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A75F7FE1FDAE073E8" box="[253,410,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Cothornobata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
varies from flattened to slightly inflated, but it is less inflated than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A71D2FE1FDE0073E8" ID-CoL="3VM5" box="[1240,1402,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Crepidochetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A71D2FE1FDE0073E8" box="[1240,1402,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Crepidochetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or Australian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A7418FE74DAD573CD" ID-CoL="62NFW" box="[274,431,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7418FE74DAD573CD" box="[274,431,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Cothornobata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFBF463FFCBFF9A75CDFE57D9177165" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A75CDFE57D9167020" bold="true" box="[199,620,511,536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
Relationships within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A74CFFE57D91F7020" ID-CoL="62NFW" box="[453,613,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A74CFFE57D91F7020" bold="true" box="[453,613,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Cothornobata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD58992FFCBFF9A777FFE57D8437020" author="McAlpine" box="[629,825,511,536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" refString="McAlpine, D. K. (1998) Review of the Australian stilt flies (Diptera: Micropezidae) with a phylogenetic analysis of the family. Invertebrate Taxonomy, 12 (1), 55 - 134. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 96018" type="journal article" year="1998">McAlpine (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
characterized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A76D5FE57DF067020" ID-CoL="62NFW" box="[991,1148,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A76D5FE57DF067020" box="[991,1148,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Cothornobata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a “diverse and widely distributed genus, which is poorly studied morphologically and may not be monophyletic”. We agree that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A759DFDEFDA4E7058" ID-CoL="62NFW" box="[151,308,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A759DFDEFDA4E7058" box="[151,308,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Cothornobata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a whole is weakly supported as a monophyletic group, however the northern Oriental
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A759DFDC4DA4E70BD" ID-CoL="62NFW" box="[151,308,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A759DFDC4DA4E70BD" box="[151,308,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Cothornobata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species appear to form a single clade (including the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FF4AC1FFCBFF9A76B4FDC5D89470BD" box="[958,1006,621,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of the genus) based on the following characters: thorax elongated (length twice as long as height), tibiae without longitudinal grooves beyond basal quarter, genital fork large and with relatively strong and hirsute tubercles on inner surface, and distiphallus with trifurcate terminal filaments. The Sumatran speices
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A7616FD70D8F370C8" ID-CoL="YXG8" box="[796,905,728,752]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viriata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7616FD70D8F370C8" box="[796,905,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. viriata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is inadequately known to assess as part of this clade, and the Australian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A74BEFD54D92B712D" ID-CoL="62NFW" box="[436,593,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A74BEFD54D92B712D" box="[436,593,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Cothornobata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species differ from the Oriental species in that the thorax is relatively short (length 1.5X height); the inner surfaces of the genital fork have at most only weak, membranous tubercles and the distiphallus has paired terminal filaments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFBF463FFCBFF9A75CDFCCFDF1971B8" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1437]" box="[199,1123,871,896]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">Six species groups were established within the northern Oriental clade, as follows:</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFBF463FFCBFF9A75CDFC24DE587637" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A75F3FC25DA10719C" ID-CoL="8BLHL" box="[249,362,909,932]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uniseta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A75F3FC25DA10719C" box="[249,362,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. uniseta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (including:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A7730FC25D9F2719C" ID-CoL="8BLH5" box="[570,648,909,932]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atra" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7730FC25D9F2719C" box="[570,648,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. atra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A203950AFFCBFF9A779AFC24D993719D" box="[656,745,908,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A779AFC24D993719D" bold="true" box="[656,745,908,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A77FCFC25D82D719C" ID-CoL="8BLH8" box="[758,855,909,932]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curva" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A77FCFC25D82D719C" box="[758,855,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. curva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A203950AFFCBFF9A7657FC24D8CC719D" box="[861,950,908,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7657FC24D8CC719D" bold="true" box="[861,950,908,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A76CEFC25DF20719D" ID-CoL="8BLH9" box="[964,1114,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegantula" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A76CEFC25DF20719D" box="[964,1114,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. elegantula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A203950AFFCBFF9A716BFC24DFC0719D" box="[1121,1210,908,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A716BFC24DFC0719D" bold="true" box="[1121,1210,908,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A71C2FC25DE12719D" box="[1224,1384,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longigonite">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A71C2FC25DE12719D" box="[1224,1384,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. longigonite</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7070FC24DBB271F0" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A75DCFC18DAF971F0" ID-CoL="8BLHG" box="[214,387,944,968]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mentogensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A75DCFC18DAF971F0" box="[214,387,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. mentogensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7480FC07DA9F71F0" bold="true" box="[394,485,943,968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A203950AFFCBFF9A7480FC07DA9F71F0" box="[394,485,943,968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A74F9FC18D82871F0" ID-CoL="YXG6" authority="Enderlein, 1922" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1922" box="[499,850,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrigenu">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A74F9FC18D9F871F0" box="[499,642,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. nigrigenu</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD58992FFCBFF9A779BFC07D83071F0" author="Enderlein" box="[657,842,943,968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" refString="Enderlein, G. (1922) Klassifikation der Micropeziden. Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte Berlin Abt A, 88 (5), 140 - 299." type="journal article" year="1922">Enderlein, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A7655FC18D8AB71F0" ID-CoL="8BLHL" box="[863,977,944,968]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uniseta" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7655FC18D8AB71F0" box="[863,977,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. uniseta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A203950AFFCBFF9A76D3FC07DF4971F0" box="[985,1075,943,968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A76D3FC07DF4971F0" bold="true" box="[985,1075,943,968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
) was considered to be the basal clade, with following synapomorphies: only 1 strong fronto-orbital seta; distiphallus usually distinctly longer than phallapodeme, filaments relatively straight; pregonite not lobed apically; postgonite without apical seta.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFBF463FFCBFF9A75CDFBB4DEEF7660" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A75F3FBB5DAF7760D" ID-CoL="8BLHD" box="[249,397,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longifurca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A75F3FBB5DAF7760D" box="[249,397,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. longifurca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A74EFFBB5D9C5760D" authority="Hendel" authorityName="Hendel" box="[485,703,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Trepidarea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A74EFFBB5D92E760C" box="[485,596,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. cyanea</emphasis>
|
||
(Hendel)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A77FEFBB5D8F2760D" ID-CoL="8BLHD" box="[756,904,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longifurca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A77FEFBB5D8F2760D" box="[756,904,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. longifurca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A203950AFFCBFF9A7685FBB4D892760D" box="[911,1000,1052,1077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7685FBB4D892760D" bold="true" box="[911,1000,1052,1077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
), is characterized by a genital fork that is distinctly elongate, reaching sternite 7 and with an elongate arm nearly twice as long as the base of genital fork.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFBF463FFCBFF9A75CDFBCCDF737698" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A75F3FBCDDA057645" ID-CoL="8BLH6" box="[249,383,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="breviseta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A75F3FBCDDA057645" box="[249,383,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. breviseta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A74DCFBCDD9267645" ID-CoL="8BLH6" box="[470,604,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="breviseta" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A74DCFBCDD9267645" box="[470,604,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. breviseta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A203950AFFCBFF9A7769FBCCD9C67645" box="[611,700,1124,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7769FBCCD9C67645" bold="true" box="[611,700,1124,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A77C3FBCDD85E7644" ID-CoL="8BLHB" box="[713,804,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A77C3FBCDD85E7644" box="[713,804,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. fusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A203950AFFCBFF9A7621FBCCD8FE7645" box="[811,900,1124,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7621FBCCD8FE7645" bold="true" box="[811,900,1124,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A7698FBCDDF337645" ID-CoL="8BLHK" box="[914,1097,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shuimanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7698FBCDDF337645" box="[914,1097,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. shuimanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A203950AFFCBFF9A7145FBCCDFD27645" box="[1103,1192,1124,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7145FBCCDFD27645" bold="true" box="[1103,1192,1124,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
) is characterized by a genital fork with only short setulae on the arm, and a vestigial medial tubercle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFBF463FFCBFF9A75CDFB04DA3D7735" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A75F3FB05DA1476FC" ID-CoL="8BLHJ" box="[249,366,1197,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pugnoa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A75F3FB05DA1476FC" box="[249,366,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. pugnoa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A74CCFB05D94D76FC" ID-CoL="8BLHH" box="[454,567,1197,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paieroi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A74CCFB05D94D76FC" box="[454,567,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. paieroi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A203950AFFCBFF9A7734FB04D9ED76FD" box="[574,663,1196,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7734FB04D9ED76FD" bold="true" box="[574,663,1196,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A77AFFB05D86076FC" ID-CoL="8BLHJ" box="[677,794,1197,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pugnoa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A77AFFB05D86076FC" box="[677,794,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. pugnoa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A203950AFFCBFF9A762BFB04D80076FD" box="[801,890,1196,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A762BFB04D80076FD" bold="true" box="[801,890,1196,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A7682FB05D88076FD" box="[904,1018,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhanga">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7682FB05D88076FD" box="[904,1018,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. zhanga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
e
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7107FB04DF1D76FD" bold="true" box="[1037,1127,1196,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
) is characterized by genital fork that is divergent basally and strongly convergent apically like that of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A76F1FB78DF1776D0" ID-CoL="8BLHL" box="[1019,1133,1232,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uniseta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A76F1FB78DF1776D0" box="[1019,1133,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. uniseta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, but with the medial tubercle absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFBF463FFCBFF9A75CDFABFD8DF776D" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A75F3FAB0DAD07708" ID-CoL="8BLHM" box="[249,426,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vietnamensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A75F3FAB0DAD07708" box="[249,426,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. vietnamensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A7708FAB0D9D77708" ID-CoL="8BLH7" box="[514,685,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bubengensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7708FAB0D9D77708" box="[514,685,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. bubengensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A203950AFFCBFF9A77BEFABFD8777708" box="[692,781,1303,1328]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A77BEFABFD8777708" bold="true" box="[692,781,1303,1328]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A7610FAB0D8B67708" ID-CoL="8BLHM" box="[794,972,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vietnamensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A7610FAB0D8B67708" box="[794,972,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. vietnamensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A203950AFFCBFF9A76D8FABFDF517708" box="[978,1067,1303,1328]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A76D8FABFDF517708" bold="true" box="[978,1067,1303,1328]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
) has a slender genital fork 1/5 as wide as base, with arms inflated and apically not strongly convergent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFBF463FFCBFF9A75CDFAF7DE6E77A5" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">
|
||
The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A75F1FAC8DAE57740" ID-CoL="8BLHC" box="[251,415,1376,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingensfurca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A75F1FAC8DAE57740" box="[251,415,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. ingensfurca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (including only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C448FE0FFCBFF9A77ADFAC8D8367740" ID-CoL="8BLHC" box="[679,844,1376,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Cothornobata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingensfurca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A77ADFAC8D8367740" box="[679,844,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">C. ingensfurca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A203950AFFCBFF9A765EFAF7D8D57740" box="[852,943,1375,1400]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9302871FFCBFF9A765EFAF7D8D57740" bold="true" box="[852,943,1375,1400]" pageId="4" pageNumber="205">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
) differs markedly from other species by its huge genital fork with the basal tubercle of the arm indistinctly convex and the medial tubercle absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |