206 lines
19 KiB
XML
206 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="58CF2A5D56E29960F90BC738CBBF3E33" ID-CLB-Dataset="22914" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.3758425" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7ac1366d-0143-441f-89f5-4a0bbba2a48a" ID-ISSN="0253-116X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3758425" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1587401510267" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Schmid-Egger, Christian" docDate="2019" docId="03A587D1FFA958421FB31193182DFA3C" docLanguage="en" docName="Linzer.biol.Beitr.51.1.459-471.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Linzer biologische Beiträge 51 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:24E5EB772D355DE2EE23B1E8D07853E0.9:LinzerbiolBeitr.2006-.journal_article" docStyleId="24E5EB772D355DE2EE23B1E8D07853E0" docStyleName="LinzerbiolBeitr.2006-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Sphex funerarius" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="463" masterDocId="FF9CFFA9FFAD58461F01114A197BFFED" masterDocTitle="A review oI the Sphex flavipennis species group (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae) in northwest AIrica with description oI two new species and a discussion oI a species Irom Sardinia" masterLastPageNumber="471" masterPageNumber="459" pageNumber="463" updateTime="1698834177235" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods id="DB41177821EBB3946E3E25F6233B7908" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="99FFC67D692C44EC904484A761D2A508">
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<mods:title id="2D2330024C2915BB2B21920B9C249A25">A review oI the Sphex flavipennis species group (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae) in northwest AIrica with description oI two new species and a discussion oI a species Irom Sardinia</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="D5B0FAAFA9059365C0F14D63F59CE3E6" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="02F4BEC6772F9EB8636E7D331DF63A8C">Schmid-Egger, Christian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C7ECEBCDE7CEC2762D1E2DAD36385F1B" type="email">christian@bembix.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="076FD88F2B99B414C8AAEA76778AEFDE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6C8B1E4A05230BD1814EE10F9D3AF44B">Linzer biologische Beiträge</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="0592D1C3D366070ABBC79F9B0E5DE0D4">
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<mods:date id="710EE08B51F2CC1F2964B37E9247D883">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="41A6004C9D42B97B3CEA257EA40AD211" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="1804C6D8E914EA359F2D8423A423FF24">2019-07-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="502D1FC8A0D4E2B604CC3EF9D54A8346">51</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="2FB6DAEA63317A1BECEC06ABE5DFEF18">459</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="16B17E7DAF3BFB358A09641D28EB74B6" type="CLB-Dataset">22914</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="288C75B22574A3957ADB1D10454ED4D8" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.3758425</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0AEF6999EFAAA6C83D577DE0B00E8175" type="ISSN">0253-116X</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CF1243AF19B78E59E77F907C0DD1BCCF" type="Zenodo-Dep">3758425</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<subSection id="E2832F2CFFA958421FB31193182DFA3C" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" type="multiple">
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<treatment id="03A587D1FFA958421FB31193182DFA3C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3805941" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163653263" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3805941" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A587D1FFA958421FB31193182DFA3C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587D1FFA958421FB31193182DFA3C" lastPageNumber="463" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">
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<subSubSection id="C316654CFFA958421FB311931A7BFF03" box="[178,768,216,239]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB336C7FFA958421FB311931A7BFF03" blockId="4.[178,768,216,239]" box="[178,768,216,239]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">
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<heading id="D0FB81ABFFA958421FB311931A7BFF03" box="[178,768,216,239]" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B978EAD5FFA958421FB311931B74FF00" bold="true" box="[178,527,216,239]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D44FFA958421FB311931813FF02" authority="GUSSAKOVSKIJ, 1934" box="[178,360,217,239]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="funerarius">
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<title id="F908DDF1FFA958421FB311931813FF02" box="[178,360,217,239]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">
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<emphasis id="B978EAD5FFA958421FB311931813FF02" bold="true" box="[178,360,217,239]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Sphex funerarius</emphasis>
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</title>
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</taxonomicName>
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<author id="53B1DE22FFA958421E6F11921B74FF00" box="[366,527,216,238]" fns="*" inm="true" npo="*" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">GUSSAKOVSKIJ</author>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis id="B978EAD5FFA958421D1D11931A7BFF03" bold="true" box="[540,768,216,238]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">
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<year id="FFA47794FFA958421D1D11931B2BFF03" box="[540,592,217,238]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">1934</year>
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,
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<journalOrPublisher id="51CD3C0BFFA958421D5A11921BEEFF03" box="[603,661,216,238]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">figs 3</journalOrPublisher>
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(
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<part id="FFA89C5AFFA958421DA311921BCBFF03" box="[674,688,216,238]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" type="volume">4</part>
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,
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<pagination id="B2C5C833FFA958421DBD11921B83FF03" box="[700,760,216,238]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" type="pagination">10-13</pagination>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C316654CFFA958421FB3104A182FFEC0" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB336C7FFA958421FB3104A182FFEC0" blockId="4.[178,1086,254,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1C11E9FFA958421FB3104A182FFEC0" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">
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<title id="F908DDF1FFA958421FB3104A1A2FFEF9" box="[178,852,254,276]" jopScore="0.006374949" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAD10D6FFA958421FB3104A1B48FEF9" box="[178,563,255,276]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D44FFA958421FB3104A1836FEF9" authority="GUSSAKOVSKIJ, 1934" box="[178,333,256,276]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="funerarius">
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<emphasis id="B978EAD5FFA958421FB3104A1836FEF9" box="[178,333,256,276]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Sphex funerarius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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GUSSAKOVSKIJ, 1934: 3
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</treatmentCitation>
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, male, female. Lectotype: male
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</title>
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,
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<journalOrPublisher id="51CD3C0BFFA958421C5C11B4182BFEC0" jopScore="0.024224807" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">China: Gansu: Bei-lungshui (NRS)</journalOrPublisher>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C316654CFFA958421FB3107D1ADCFE88" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB336C7FFA958421FB3107D1ADCFE88" blockId="4.[178,1086,254,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">
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M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d:
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<specimenCount id="9D0AFD4EFFA958421EE9107C1B3EFEA1" box="[488,581,310,332]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" type="female">5females</specimenCount>
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<specimenCount id="9D0AFD4EFFA958421D4B107C1BF5FEA1" box="[586,654,310,332]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" type="male">8 males</specimenCount>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="F31B7657FFA958421DC5107C1A7CFEA1" box="[708,775,310,332]" name="Tunisia" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D0AFD4EFFA958421C11107D1A1EFEA1" box="[784,869,310,332]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" type="female">7 females</specimenCount>
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<specimenCount id="9D0AFD4EFFA958421C6B107C1AC2FEA1" box="[874,953,310,332]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" type="male">15 males</specimenCount>
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from Sardinia, around
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<specimenCount id="9D0AFD4EFFA958421E20100518D9FE89" box="[289,418,334,356]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" type="generic">100 specimens</specimenCount>
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from remaining Europe and palearctic Asia (all coll. CSE).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C316654CFFA958421FB3103918A2FB16" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BB336C7FFA958421FB310391804FE29" blockId="4.[178,1085,371,452]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">
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R e m a r k: The species occurs in the western palearctic region in three morpho- and colour
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<typeStatus id="54B78865FFA958421FFB10DA184BFE48" box="[250,304,400,421]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">types</typeStatus>
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(for additional variation in central and eastern Palearctic region see MENKE & PULAWSKI 2000).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB336C7FFA958421FB310991B3DFD96" blockId="4.[178,1085,467,636]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">
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Females from Europe and western Asia (except Sardinia) have hindfemur black, red spots on femora are small, and red body colour is not orange but dark red. The females therefore resemble
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D44FFA958421E7D13451B6FFDC9" authorityName="Schmid-Egger" authorityYear="2019" box="[380,532,527,548]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maroccanus">
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<emphasis id="B978EAD5FFA958421E7D13451B6FFDC9" box="[380,532,527,548]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">S. maroccanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Males from this origin have apex of S8 with acute angle (figs. 10, 12, ca. 70 degree), the apex is somewhat pointed. Most specimens have
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<collectingCountry id="F31B7657FFA958421FB3130219A9FDB0" box="[178,210,584,605]" name="American Samoa" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">AS</collectingCountry>
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5-10 with placoids, other have also a placoid on
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<collectingCountry id="F31B7657FFA958421DCC13021B96FDB0" box="[717,749,584,605]" name="American Samoa" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">AS</collectingCountry>
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4. Number of placoids vary, see MENKE & PULAWSKI (2000) for details.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB336C7FFA958421FB313C11B45FC83" blockId="4.[178,1086,651,878]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">
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Females from Sardinia differ from the European mainland specimens as follows: apex of femora, tibiae and tarsi all red; red body colour is more orange red than dark red. These specimens are similar to the females from
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<collectingCountry id="F31B7657FFA958421D67138F1BCEFD36" box="[614,693,709,731]" name="Tunisia" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
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. The apex of S8 of Sardinian males is larger than in other European males, and nearly right angled (fig. 11, 80-85 degree). Apical angle of S8 stands between
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D44FFA958421D3112481BCCFCFB" box="[560,695,769,791]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="funerarius">
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<emphasis id="B978EAD5FFA958421D3112481BCCFCFB" box="[560,695,769,791]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">S. funerarius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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males from European mainland and males of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D44FFA958421E11125518DDFCD9" authorityName="Schmid-Egger" authorityYear="2019" box="[272,422,799,820]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maroccanus">
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<emphasis id="B978EAD5FFA958421E11125518DDFCD9" box="[272,422,799,820]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">S. maroccanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Males have placoids on
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<collectingCountry id="F31B7657FFA958421DAB12541BB1FCDE" box="[682,714,798,819]" name="American Samoa" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">AS</collectingCountry>
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5-9 (
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<specimenCount id="9D0AFD4EFFA958421C0312541AFAFCDE" box="[770,897,797,819]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" type="generic">9 specimens</specimenCount>
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) or on
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<collectingCountry id="F31B7657FFA958421CCA12541A90FCDE" box="[971,1003,798,819]" name="American Samoa" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">AS</collectingCountry>
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5-10 (
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<specimenCount id="9D0AFD4EFFA958421B2E1254185BFCBC" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
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). Specimens from
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<collectingCountry id="F31B7657FFA958421EE212711B4BFCBC" box="[483,560,827,849]" name="France" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Corsica</collectingCountry>
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were not examined but probably also refer to this form, see MENKE & PULAWSKI (2000).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB336C7FFA958421FB3123718CEFC06" blockId="4.[178,1084,893,1003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">
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Females from
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<collectingCountry id="F31B7657FFA958421E4A123718ECFC7E" box="[331,407,893,915]" name="Tunisia" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
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are similar in colour pattern to females from Sardinia (legs red apart most part of femora). S8 of these males looks similar to males from European mainland and palearctic Asian (fig. 13). Males have placoids on
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<collectingCountry id="F31B7657FFA958421C4212F21A18FC20" box="[835,867,952,973]" name="American Samoa" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">AS</collectingCountry>
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5-8 (
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<specimenCount id="9D0AFD4EFFA958421C9A12F21D61FC23" box="[923,1050,952,974]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
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) or on
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<collectingCountry id="F31B7657FFA958421FD3129C1989FC06" box="[210,242,982,1003]" name="American Samoa" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">AS</collectingCountry>
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5-9 (
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<specimenCount id="9D0AFD4EFFA958421E29129C18D1FC06" box="[296,426,981,1003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB336C7FFA958421FB312B118A2FB16" blockId="4.[178,1085,1019,1276]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">
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Specimens from Sardinia and from European Mainland differ distinctly genetically by appr. 4.5% (fig. 1). This genetic gap in combination with the different form of male S8 gives a hint to a beginning species diversification of the Sardinian population. Because of this large genetic distance is a treatment as valid species of the Sardinian population also possible. However, the subject needs further examination in a larger geographic area, and especially the population from
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<collectingCountry id="F31B7657FFA958421D5315C71BE5FB4E" box="[594,670,1165,1187]" name="Tunisia" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
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has to be examined genetically, because they also may represent a different clade. The form from
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<collectingCountry id="F31B7657FFA958421C0B15E11A28FB2D" box="[778,851,1195,1216]" name="Cyprus" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Cyprus</collectingCountry>
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is also distinctive and was described as
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<emphasis id="B978EAD5FFA958421E6515831BB2FB33" box="[356,713,1225,1246]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D44FFA958421E6515831B6FFB33" box="[356,532,1225,1246]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosus">Sphex maxillosus</taxonomicName>
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mavromoustakisi
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</emphasis>
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de BEAUMONT, 1947. See MENKE & PULAWSKI (2000) for details.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C316654CFFA958421FB31441182DFA3C" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BB336C7FFA958421FB31441182DFA3C" blockId="4.[178,1085,1291,1489]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">
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D i s t r i b u t i o n:
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D44FFA958421E9A14461B64FACC" box="[411,543,1292,1313]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="funerarius">
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<emphasis id="B978EAD5FFA958421E9A14461B64FACC" box="[411,543,1292,1313]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">S. funerarius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24B57AEFFA958421D2614411B2AFACC" box="[551,593,1291,1313]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" sensu="lato">s.lat</taxonomicNameLabel>
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is widespread in the whole western and central Palearctic region and reaches
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<collectingCountry id="F31B7657FFA958421EE714621B4DFAD3" box="[486,566,1320,1342]" name="Sweden" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Sweden</collectingCountry>
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in the North. Recently the species is expansive in
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<collectingCountry id="F31B7657FFA958421FB3140C1868FAB6" box="[178,275,1350,1371]" name="Germany" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Germany</collectingCountry>
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, the northernmost location was
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<collectingRegion id="49C8F825FFA958421D5D140F1BE0FAB6" box="[604,667,1349,1371]" country="Germany" name="Berlin" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Berlin</collectingRegion>
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in 2017 (pers. observation). Its distribution in North Africa is not clear. I could only examine
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D44FFA958421C19142E1ADAFA94" box="[792,929,1380,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="funerarius">
|
|
<emphasis id="B978EAD5FFA958421C19142E1ADAFA94" box="[792,929,1380,1401]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">S. funerarius</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31B7657FFA958421CEB14291D42FA94" box="[1002,1081,1379,1401]" name="Tunisia" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
|
|
, whereas all specimens from southern
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31B7657FFA958421D4C14CA1BD0FA78" box="[589,683,1408,1429]" name="Morocco" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Morocco</collectingCountry>
|
|
, formerly identified as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D44FFA958421CAF14C81D4DFA7B" box="[942,1078,1409,1431]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="funerarius">
|
|
<emphasis id="B978EAD5FFA958421CAF14C81D4DFA7B" box="[942,1078,1409,1431]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">S. funerarius</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, belong to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D44FFA958421E1F14D518CCFA59" authorityName="Schmid-Egger" authorityYear="2019" box="[286,439,1439,1460]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maroccanus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B978EAD5FFA958421E1F14D518CCFA59" box="[286,439,1439,1460]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">S. maroccanus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. It can be expected that
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D44FFA958421DC214D51A32FA59" box="[707,841,1439,1460]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Sphex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="funerarius">
|
|
<emphasis id="B978EAD5FFA958421DC214D51A32FA59" box="[707,841,1439,1460]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">S. funerarius</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is more widespread in northern Africa.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</subSection>
|
|
</document> |