treatments-xml/data/7E/50/58/7E5058FDEB595A0EB05AC25F09EB70DA.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.910.35846" ID-GBIF-Dataset="de0c9411-1b34-4ee5-b101-dfffd0fbaade" ID-PMC="PMC7026196" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-910-131" ID-Pensoft-UUID="898CB429A82252C79A35D6C089C9F0B1" ID-PubMed="32099518" ID-ZooBank="DB7ADFD7B15D4C21BC03D6EC361FF8ED" ModsDocID="1313-2970-910-131" checkinTime="1581415680552" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zhang, Xue, Chen, Bin &amp; Li, Ting-Jing" docDate="2020" docId="7E5058FDEB595A0EB05AC25F09EB70DA" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 910: 131-142" docOrigin="ZooKeys 910" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.910.35846" docTitle="Pararrhynchium subfistulosum Zhang &amp; Chen &amp; Li 2020, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="898CB429A82252C79A35D6C089C9F0B1" lastPageNumber="131" masterDocId="898CB429A82252C79A35D6C089C9F0B1" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of the genus Epsilon from China, with a new species and an updated key to the Oriental species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae)" masterLastPageNumber="142" masterPageNumber="131" pageNumber="131" updateTime="1668168401120" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Taxonomy of the genus Epsilon from China, with a new species and an updated key to the Oriental species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zhang, Xue</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Chen, Bin</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Li, Ting-Jing</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>910</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>131</mods:start>
<mods:end>142</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.910.35846</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.910.35846</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-910-131</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">DB7ADFD7B15D4C21BC03D6EC361FF8ED</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">898CB429A82252C79A35D6C089C9F0B1</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="162074494" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E5058FDEB595A0EB05AC25F09EB70DA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7E5058FDEB595A0EB05AC25F09EB70DA" lastPageNumber="131" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="131" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName LSID="7E5058FD-EB59-5A0E-B05A-C25F09EB70DA" authority="(Wickwar, 1908)" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Chen &amp; Li" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Wickwar" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pararrhynchium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pararrhynchium subfistulosum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subfistulosum" status="comb. nov.">Pararrhynchium subfistulosum (Wickwar, 1908)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="131">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 22–27" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 22 - 27. Pararrhynchium subfistulosum (Wickwar 1908), comb. nov. 22 habitus (dorsal view) 23 head (dorsal view) 24 clypeus 25 metasoma (dorsal view) 26 metanotum and propodeum 27 specimen information." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.910.35846.figures22-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/378231" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Figures 22-27</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="131" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Odynerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Odynerus subfistulosum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subfistulosum">Odynerus subfistulosum</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Wickwar, OS" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zeylanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" pagination="115 - 124" refId="B20" refString="Wickwar, OS, 1908. Hymenoptera new to Ceylon, with descriptions of new species. Spolia Zeylanica 5: 115 - 124" title="Hymenoptera new to Ceylon, with descriptions of new species." volume="5" year="1908">Wickwar 1908</bibRefCitation>
: 118, 120;
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Odynerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Odynerus subfistulosum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subfistulosum">Odynerus (Stenodyneroides) subfistulosum</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Wickwar, OS" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zeylanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" pagination="115 - 124" refId="B20" refString="Wickwar, OS, 1908. Hymenoptera new to Ceylon, with descriptions of new species. Spolia Zeylanica 5: 115 - 124" title="Hymenoptera new to Ceylon, with descriptions of new species." volume="5" year="1908">Wickwar 1908</bibRefCitation>
: 
<bibRefCitation author="Giordani Soika, A" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino della Societa Veneziana di Storia Naturale e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" pagination="130 - 279" refId="B2" refString="Giordani Soika, A, 1941. Studi sui Vespidi solitari. Bollettino della Societa Veneziana di Storia Naturale e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale 2: 130 - 279" title="Studi sui Vespidi solitari." volume="2" year="1941">Giordani Soika 1941</bibRefCitation>
: 249 (notes on female type).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Epsilon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epsilon subfistulosum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subfistulosum">Epsilon subfistulosum</taxonomicName>
: Girish 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o3626.5380-5" author="Kumar, PG" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Threatened Taxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" pagination="5380 - 5385" refId="B8" refString="Kumar, PG, Carpenter, JM, Kishore, L, 2014. A review of the genus Epsilon De Saussure (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) from India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 6 (1): 5380 - 5385, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o3626.5380-5" title="A review of the genus Epsilon De Saussure (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) from India." url="https://doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o3626.5380-5" volume="6" year="2014">Kumar et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
: 5384.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="131" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">1♀, Sri Lanka (Ceylon), deposited in London, type no. 18. 314 (NHM).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="131" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
<bibRefCitation author="Wickwar, OS" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zeylanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" pagination="115 - 124" refId="B20" refString="Wickwar, OS, 1908. Hymenoptera new to Ceylon, with descriptions of new species. Spolia Zeylanica 5: 115 - 124" title="Hymenoptera new to Ceylon, with descriptions of new species." volume="5" year="1908">Wickwar (1908)</bibRefCitation>
described this specimen as belonging to the genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Odynerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Odynerus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Odynerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Latreille. Having examined the same specimen, 
<bibRefCitation author="Giordani Soika, A" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino della Societa Veneziana di Storia Naturale e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" pagination="130 - 279" refId="B2" refString="Giordani Soika, A, 1941. Studi sui Vespidi solitari. Bollettino della Societa Veneziana di Storia Naturale e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale 2: 130 - 279" title="Studi sui Vespidi solitari." volume="2" year="1941">Giordani Soika (1941)</bibRefCitation>
placed 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Odynerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Odynerus subfistulosus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subfistulosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Odynerus subfistulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the subgenus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Odynerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus">Stenodyneroides</taxonomicName>
and then added the following characters: superior carina of propodeum dentiform, tergum I sub-square, basally truncated, slightly wider than long, and its lateral margins parallel, tergum II very slightly longer and slightly wider than tergum I and strongly reflected at the apex. With those characters in mind, we examined the holotype specimen and found that more characters match to those of the genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pararrhynchium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pararrhynchium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Pararrhynchium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, such as one large cephalic fovea on the vertex (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 22–27" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 22 - 27. Pararrhynchium subfistulosum (Wickwar 1908), comb. nov. 22 habitus (dorsal view) 23 head (dorsal view) 24 clypeus 25 metasoma (dorsal view) 26 metanotum and propodeum 27 specimen information." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.910.35846.figures22-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/378231" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">23</figureCitation>
), the clypeus coarsely punctate and more or less emarginated at apex (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 22–27" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 22 - 27. Pararrhynchium subfistulosum (Wickwar 1908), comb. nov. 22 habitus (dorsal view) 23 head (dorsal view) 24 clypeus 25 metasoma (dorsal view) 26 metanotum and propodeum 27 specimen information." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.910.35846.figures22-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/378231" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">24</figureCitation>
), the scutellum and mesoscutum 
<normalizedToken originalValue="flattened">flattened</normalizedToken>
(Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 22–27" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 22 - 27. Pararrhynchium subfistulosum (Wickwar 1908), comb. nov. 22 habitus (dorsal view) 23 head (dorsal view) 24 clypeus 25 metasoma (dorsal view) 26 metanotum and propodeum 27 specimen information." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.910.35846.figures22-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/378231" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">22</figureCitation>
), the propodeum with a superior carina (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 22–27" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 22 - 27. Pararrhynchium subfistulosum (Wickwar 1908), comb. nov. 22 habitus (dorsal view) 23 head (dorsal view) 24 clypeus 25 metasoma (dorsal view) 26 metanotum and propodeum 27 specimen information." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.910.35846.figures22-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/378231" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">26</figureCitation>
), and tergum I with transverse carina basally (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 22–27" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 22 - 27. Pararrhynchium subfistulosum (Wickwar 1908), comb. nov. 22 habitus (dorsal view) 23 head (dorsal view) 24 clypeus 25 metasoma (dorsal view) 26 metanotum and propodeum 27 specimen information." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.910.35846.figures22-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/378231" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">25</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 22–27" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 22 - 27. Pararrhynchium subfistulosum (Wickwar 1908), comb. nov. 22 habitus (dorsal view) 23 head (dorsal view) 24 clypeus 25 metasoma (dorsal view) 26 metanotum and propodeum 27 specimen information." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.910.35846.figures22-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/378231" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">26</figureCitation>
). Therefore, we suggest that 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Odynerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Odynerus subfistulosum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subfistulosum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Odynerus subfistulosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Wickwar, 1908 should be transferred to the genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="de Saussure" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pararrhynchium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pararrhynchium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Pararrhynchium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="131" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Sri Lanka.</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.910.35846.figures22-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/378231" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" start="Figures 22–27" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Figures 22-27.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zhang &amp; Chen &amp; Li" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Wickwar" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pararrhynchium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pararrhynchium subfistulosum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subfistulosum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Pararrhynchium subfistulosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Wickwar, OS" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zeylanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" pagination="115 - 124" refId="B20" refString="Wickwar, OS, 1908. Hymenoptera new to Ceylon, with descriptions of new species. Spolia Zeylanica 5: 115 - 124" title="Hymenoptera new to Ceylon, with descriptions of new species." volume="5" year="1908">Wickwar 1908</bibRefCitation>
), comb. nov. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">22</emphasis>
habitus (dorsal view) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">23</emphasis>
head (dorsal view) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">24</emphasis>
clypeus 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">25</emphasis>
metasoma (dorsal view) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">26</emphasis>
metanotum and propodeum 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">27</emphasis>
specimen information.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>