190 lines
19 KiB
XML
190 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870843" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-08-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6870843" approvalRequired="304" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="45" approvalRequired_for_matCits="75" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="40" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="75" approvalRequired_for_treatments="69" checkinTime="1658335596803" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Russell A. Mittermeier & Don E. Wilson" docDate="2018" docId="3D474A54A07B8710FA17A2D016F5F9C0" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_8_Soricidae_0332.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Crocidura lepidura Lyon 1908" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="479" masterDocId="C17E322CA0288744FF8DAB47125EFFF9" masterDocTitle="Soricidae" masterLastPageNumber="551" masterPageNumber="332" pageNumber="478" updateTime="1658350298165" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Soricidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2018</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2018-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>332</mods:start>
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<mods:end>551</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870843</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-08-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6870843</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870100" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6870100" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A07B8710FA17A2D016F5F9C0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3D474A54A07B8710FA17A2D016F5F9C0" lastPageId="84" lastPageNumber="479" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">
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<heading pageId="83" pageNumber="478">
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<subSubSection box="[1434,1517,2455,2501]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="83.[1432,2534,2455,2618]" box="[1434,1517,2455,2501]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">
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<figureCitation box="[1434,1517,2455,2501]" captionStart="Plate 20: Soricidae" captionStartId="80.[125,155,3104,3125]" captionTargetBox="[12,2740,14,3636]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="226. Malayan White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura malayana), 227. Peninsular White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura negligens), 228. Black-footed White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura nigripes), 229. Bornean White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura foetida), 230. Kinabalu White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura baluensis), 231. Thick-tailed White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura brunnea), 232. Oriental White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura orientalis), 233. Bangka White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura vosmaeri), 234. Hutan White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura hutanis), 235. Beccari’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura beccarii), 236. Sumatran Giant White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura lepidura), 237. Mount Malindang White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura grandis), 238. Mindanao White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura beata), 239. Mindoro White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura mindorus), 240. Panay White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura panayensis), 241. Negros White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura negrina), 242. Luzon White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura grayi), 243. Sibuyan White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura ninoyi), 244. Palawan White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura palawanensis), 245. Javan Long-tailed White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura abscondita), 246. Gathorne’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura gathornei), 247. Horsfield’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura horsfieldii), 248. Sinharaja White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura hikmiya), 249. Sri Lankan White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura miya), 250. Lesser Ryukyu White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura wataser), 251. Southeast Asian White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura fuliginosa), 252. Large White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura dracula), 253. Sumatran Long-tailed White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura paradoxura), 254. Dsinezumi White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura dsinezuma), 255. Chinese White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura rapax), 256. Ussuri White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura lasiura), 257. Asian Gray White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura attenuata), 258. Zaitsev’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura zaitsevi), 259. Indochinese White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura indochinensis), 260. Hainan White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura wuchihensis), 261. Timor White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura tenuis), 262. Javan White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura maxi), 263. Javan Ghost White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura umbra), 264. Sunda White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura monticola), 265. Neglected White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura neglecta)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6871919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6871919/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">236.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1527,2332,2455,2501]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="83.[1432,2534,2455,2618]" box="[1527,2332,2455,2501]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">
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<vernacularName box="[1527,2332,2455,2501]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">Sumatran Giant White-toothed Shrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1438,1794,2497,2539]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="83.[1432,2534,2455,2618]" box="[1438,1794,2497,2539]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lyon" authorityYear="1908" box="[1438,1794,2497,2539]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="83" pageNumber="478" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepidura">
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<emphasis box="[1438,1794,2497,2539]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">Crocidura lepidura</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="83" pageNumber="478" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="83.[1432,2534,2455,2618]" box="[1433,2533,2558,2579]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1433,1509,2558,2579]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1518,1698,2558,2579]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">Crocidure de Lyon</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1719,1809,2558,2579]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1819,2110,2558,2579]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">Sumatra-Weif3zahnspitzmaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2131,2222,2558,2579]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2233,2533,2558,2579]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">Musarafna gigante de Sumatra</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="83.[1432,2534,2455,2618]" box="[1433,1915,2597,2618]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1433,1679,2597,2618]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1689,1915,2597,2618]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">Sumatran Giant Shrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection box="[2044,2634,2673,2698]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="83.[2044,2636,2673,3091]" box="[2044,2634,2673,2698]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2044,2195,2673,2698]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Lyon, 1908" authorityName="Lyon" authorityYear="1908" box="[2217,2629,2673,2698]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="83" pageNumber="478" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepidura">Crocidura lepidura Lyon, 1908</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2045,2633,2708,2737]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="83.[2044,2636,2673,3091]" box="[2045,2633,2708,2737]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">
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<materialsCitation box="[2045,2633,2708,2737]" country="Indonesia" location="Kateman River" pageId="83" pageNumber="478" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sumatra">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A07B8710FA17A2D016F5F9C0:B031AD99A07B8717F870A1D31A9AF548" box="[2045,2244,2708,2737]" country="Indonesia" name="Kateman River" pageId="83" pageNumber="478" stateProvince="Sumatra">Kateman River</location>
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, eastern
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<collectingRegion box="[2363,2478,2708,2737]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[2493,2629,2708,2737]" name="Indonesia" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="83" pageNumber="478" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="83.[2044,2636,2673,3091]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">
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Formerly included in
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[2356,2517,2747,2776]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="83" pageNumber="478" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuliginosa">C. fuliginosa</taxonomicName>
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but sep- arated as a Sumatran endemic by M. Rue- di in 1995; this treatment was followed by R. Hutterer in 2005. According to recent phylogenetic studies by J. A. Esselstyn and R. M. Brown in 2009, and T. C. Demos and others o in 2016,it ale is closely related to other Sumatran shrews such as
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<taxonomicName box="[2404,2537,3022,3051]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="83" pageNumber="478" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hutanis">C. hutanis</taxonomicName>
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, C. beccari, and C.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Jentink" authorityYear="1888" box="[2209,2319,3058,3091]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="83" pageNumber="478" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vosmaeri">vosmaeri</taxonomicName>
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, and more distantly to
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="83.[1430,2635,3097,3484]" box="[1433,2575,3097,3130]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">
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the Javanese
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Jentink" authorityYear="1888" box="[1617,1758,3097,3130]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="83" pageNumber="482" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brunnea">C. brunnea</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName box="[1831,1983,3097,3130]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="83" pageNumber="487" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">C. orientalis</taxonomicName>
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. Includes villosa as a synonym. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="83" pageNumber="478" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6871412" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6871412" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6871412/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="478" targetBox="[1429,2020,2674,3087]" targetPageId="83">
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<paragraph blockId="83.[1430,2635,3097,3484]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1431,1607,3136,3169]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Endemic to Sumatra; it seems widely distributed from upper montane rainforest in W Sumatra to hillsides in E & S Sumatra.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="84" lastPageNumber="479" pageId="83" pageNumber="478" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="83.[1430,2635,3097,3484]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1431,1686,3215,3248]" pageId="83" pageNumber="478">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body 90-112 mm, tail 60-84 mm, hindfoot 16-7-18-8 mm; weight 13-21-5 g. Condylo-incisive length 23.9-26:4 mm. The Sumatran Giant White-toothed Shrew is the largest shrew in Sumatra, and is only approached in size by the slightly smaller Kinabalu White-toothed Shrew (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1898" box="[2212,2366,3333,3366]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="83" pageNumber="476" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baluensis">C. baluensis</taxonomicName>
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) of Borneo. Blackish upperparts have relatively stiff, long hairs (7-9 mm on mid-dorsum). Sparse, shining, longer guard hairs give a grizzled appearance to its dorsal pelage. The contrasting midline ventral part is variable in color, from slate gray to chocolate brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="84.[117,1325,297,1595]" pageId="84" pageNumber="479">
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Tail is relatively long, brownish black above, and paler beneath, with short, stiff applied hairs and only a few bristles at the base of the tail. Upper surfaces of foreand hindfeet are brownish. In skull measurements the Sumatran Giant Shrew is larger than any other Sumatran
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<taxonomicName box="[492,620,415,448]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="84" pageNumber="479" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Crocidura</taxonomicName>
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. There is a great morphological resemblance between this species and the Kinabalu White-toothed Shrew: apart from slightly smaller skull dimensions and smaller hindfeet, there is hardly any difference between the species, but they may be convergent forms, not closely related. Dentition is strong and robust. Most specimen have a bifid mesostyle on M* (and sometimes M?), a character also found in other Indomalayan shrews. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 37-38 and FN = 54. It shares a polymorphic translocation of two acrocentrics with the Hutan White-toothed Shrew (
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<taxonomicName box="[602,742,696,725]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="84" pageNumber="478" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hutanis">C. hutanis</taxonomicName>
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), also of Sumatra; this is a rather unusual phenomenon in shrews.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="84" pageNumber="479" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="84.[117,1325,297,1595]" pageId="84" pageNumber="479">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[119,230,770,803]" pageId="84" pageNumber="479">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Primary lowland and montane forest. It ranges from sea level up to 2000 m, attaining its maximum abundance in highly degraded forest and cultivated lands at elevations of 1500-1800 m. Trapped at 1500-1800 m in Mount Kerinci area, where revealed to be sympatric with Beccari’s White-toothed Shrew (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dobson" authorityYear="1887" box="[1003,1138,893,922]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="84" pageNumber="479" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beccarii">C. beccarii</taxonomicName>
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) and the Sumatran Long-tailed White-toothed Shrew (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dobson" authorityYear="1886" box="[728,923,928,961]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="84" pageNumber="499" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paradoxura">C. paradoxura</taxonomicName>
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), and also with other terrestrial insectivores of the family
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<taxonomicName box="[548,710,967,1000]" family="Galericidae" pageId="84" pageNumber="479" rank="family">Galericidae</taxonomicName>
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, namely the Shorttailed Gymnure (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1840" box="[1215,1325,967,1000]" class="Mammalia" family="Erinaceidae" genus="Hylomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Erinaceomorpha" pageId="84" pageNumber="479" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hylomys</taxonomicName>
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suillus), and the Dwarf Gymnure (H. parvus). The upper distribution range of the Sumatran Giant White-toothed Shrew may be limited by the Dwarf Gymnure, which was most abundant in the moss forest around 3000 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[120,620,1130,1159]" pageId="84" pageNumber="479" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="84.[117,1325,297,1595]" box="[120,620,1130,1159]" pageId="84" pageNumber="479">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[120,381,1130,1159]" pageId="84" pageNumber="479">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[120,493,1165,1198]" pageId="84" pageNumber="479" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="84.[117,1325,297,1595]" box="[120,493,1165,1198]" pageId="84" pageNumber="479">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[120,254,1165,1198]" pageId="84" pageNumber="479">Breeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[118,592,1204,1237]" pageId="84" pageNumber="479" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="84.[117,1325,297,1595]" box="[118,592,1204,1237]" pageId="84" pageNumber="479">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[118,353,1204,1237]" pageId="84" pageNumber="479">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[120,1058,1244,1277]" pageId="84" pageNumber="479" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="84.[117,1325,297,1595]" box="[120,1058,1244,1277]" pageId="84" pageNumber="479">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[120,820,1244,1277]" pageId="84" pageNumber="479">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="84" pageNumber="479" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="84.[117,1325,297,1595]" pageId="84" pageNumber="479">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[120,467,1283,1316]" pageId="84" pageNumber="479">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List in view ofits wide distribution, tolerance of a degree of habitat modification, and presumed large population, and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category. There are no major threats to this adaptable species. Given its wide range, the Sumatran Giant White-toothed Shrew is likely to be present in a number of protected areas.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="84" pageNumber="479" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="84.[117,1325,297,1595]" pageId="84" pageNumber="479">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[121,274,1528,1553]" pageId="84" pageNumber="479">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Cassola (2016z), Corbet & Hill (1992), Demos et al. (2016), Esselstyn & Brown (2009), Hutterer (1993, 2005b), Jenkins (1982), Lyon (1908), Ruedi (1995), Ruedi & Vogel (1995), Ruedi et al. (1994).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |