174 lines
15 KiB
XML
174 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870843" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-08-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6870843" approvalRequired="304" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="45" approvalRequired_for_matCits="75" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="40" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="75" approvalRequired_for_treatments="69" checkinTime="1658335596803" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Russell A. Mittermeier & Don E. Wilson" docDate="2018" docId="3D474A54A063870FFF2AA13F1483FBCD" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_8_Soricidae_0332.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Sylvisorex howelli Jenkins 1984" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="470" masterDocId="C17E322CA0288744FF8DAB47125EFFF9" masterDocTitle="Soricidae" masterLastPageNumber="551" masterPageNumber="332" pageNumber="470" updateTime="1658350298165" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Soricidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2018</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2018-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>332</mods:start>
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<mods:end>551</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870843</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-08-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6870843</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870062" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6870062" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A063870FFF2AA13F1483FBCD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3D474A54A063870FFF2AA13F1483FBCD" lastPageNumber="470" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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<heading pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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<subSubSection box="[167,249,2680,2730]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="75.[164,1327,2680,2811]" box="[167,249,2680,2730]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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<figureCitation box="[167,249,2680,2730]" captionStart="Plate 19: Soricidae" captionStartId="64.[118,148,3136,3161]" captionTargetBox="[11,2741,14,3634]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="182. Palawan Moss Shrew (Palawanosorex muscorum), 183. Pearson’s Long-clawed Shrew (Solisorex pearsoni), 184. Kelaart’s Long-clawed Shrew (Feroculus feroculus), 185. Etruscan Shrew (Suncus etruscus), 186. Sri Lankan Shrew (Suncus fellowesgordoni), 187. Malayan Pygmy Shrew (Suncus malayanus), 188. Bornean Pygmy Shrew (Suncus hosei), 189. Jungle Shrew (Suncus zeylanicus), 190. Asian House Shrew (Suncus murinus), 191. Sr 1 Lankan Highland Shrew (Suncus montanus), 192. Nilgir 1 Highland Shrew (Suncus niger), 193. Anderson’s Shrew (Suncus stoliczkanus), 194. Day’s Shrew (Suncus dayi), 195. Flores Shrew (Suncus mertensi), 196. Black Shrew (Suncus ater), 197. Taita Shrew (Suncus aequatorius), 198. Greater Dwarf Shrew (Suncus lixa), 199. Hutu-Tutsi Dwarf Shrew (Suncus hututsi), 200. Least Dwarf Shrew (Suncus infinitestmus), 201. Remy’s Pygmy Shrew (Suncus remyi), 202. Lesser Dwarf Shrew (Suncus varilla), 203. Climbing Shrew (Suncus megalurus), 204. Rwenzori Shrew (Ruwenzorisorex suncoides), 205. Johnston's Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex johnstoni), 206. Akaibe’s Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex akaiber), 207. Moon Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex lunaris), 208. Greater Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex ollula), 209. Lesser Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex oriundus), 210. Bioko Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex isabellae), 211. Corbet’s Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex corbeti), 212. Bamenda Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex silvanorum), 213. Rainforest Shrew (Sylvisorex pluvialis), 214. Cameroonian Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex camerunensis), 215. Mount Cameroon Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex moro), 216. Kongana Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex konganensis), 217. Volcano Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex vulcanorum), 218. Grant's Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex granti), 219. Howell's Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex howelli), 220. Armored Hero Shrew (Scutisorex somereni), 221. Thor’s Hero Shrew (Scutisorex thor), 222. Greater Large-headed Shrew (Paracrocidura maxima), 223. Lesser Large-headed Shrew (Paracrocidura schoutedeni), 224. Grauer’s Large-headed Shrew (Paracrocidura graven), 225. Piebald Shrew (Diplomesodon pulchellus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6871917" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6871917/files/figure.png" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">219.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[266,726,2680,2730]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="75.[164,1327,2680,2811]" box="[266,726,2680,2730]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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<vernacularName box="[266,726,2680,2730]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Howell's Forest Shrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[793,1097,2680,2730]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="75.[164,1327,2680,2811]" box="[793,1097,2680,2730]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Jenkins" authorityYear="1984" box="[793,1097,2680,2730]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sylvisorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="75" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="howelli">
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<emphasis box="[793,1097,2680,2730]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Sylvisorex howelli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="75" pageNumber="470" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="75.[164,1327,2680,2811]" box="[166,1326,2748,2769]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[166,241,2748,2769]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[251,447,2748,2769]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Pachyure de Howell</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[468,558,2748,2769]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[569,887,2748,2769]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Howell-Waldmoschusspitzmaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[908,999,2748,2769]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1009,1326,2748,2769]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Musarana de bosque de Howell</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="75.[164,1327,2680,2811]" box="[165,809,2787,2808]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[165,412,2787,2808]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[422,576,2787,2808]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Howell's Shrew</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName box="[591,809,2787,2808]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Uluguru Forest Shrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection box="[778,1366,2855,2888]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="75.[778,1372,2855,3281]" box="[778,1366,2855,2888]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[778,933,2855,2888]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Jenkins" authorityYear="1984" box="[947,1366,2855,2888]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sylvisorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="75" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="howelli">Sylvisorex howelli Jenkins, 1984,</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="75" pageNumber="470" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="75.[778,1372,2855,3281]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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<materialsCitation country="Tanzania" location="Uluguru Mountains" municipality="Morningside" pageId="75" pageNumber="470" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingMunicipality box="[779,960,2898,2927]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Morningside</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A063870FFF2AA13F1483FBCD:B031AD99A063870FFC5FA01516B3F496" box="[978,1261,2898,2927]" country="Tanzania" municipality="Morningside" name="Uluguru Mountains" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Uluguru Mountains</location>
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,
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<collectingCountry name="Tanzania" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="75" pageNumber="470" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="75.[778,1372,2855,3281]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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There is significant genetic distance between the six known populations of S.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Jenkins" authorityYear="1984" box="[812,899,3050,3083]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sylvisorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="75" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="howelli">howelli</taxonomicName>
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that might correspond to distinct species or subspecies. Two subspecies recognized.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="75" pageNumber="470" type="synonymic_list">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6871373" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6871373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6871373/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="470" targetBox="[163,754,2863,3277]" targetPageId="75">
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<paragraph blockId="75.[778,1372,2855,3281]" box="[778,1178,3171,3200]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[778,1178,3171,3200]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="75.[778,1372,2855,3281]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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<taxonomicName authority="Jenkins, 1984" authorityName="Jenkins" authorityYear="1984" box="[779,1138,3209,3242]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sylvisorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="75" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="howelli" subSpecies="howelli">S.h.howelliJenkins,1984—UluguruMts,ECTanzania.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="75.[164,1368,3294,3477]" box="[166,1052,3294,3319]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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<taxonomicName authority="Hutterer, 1986" authorityName="Hutterer" authorityYear="1986" box="[166,613,3294,3319]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sylvisorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="75" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="howelli" subSpecies="usambarensis">S. h. usambarensis Hutterer, 1986</taxonomicName>
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— Usambara Mts, NE Tanzania.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="75" pageNumber="470" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="75.[164,1368,3294,3477]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[164,416,3326,3359]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 53-72 mm, tail 36-48 mm, ear 7-5-12 mm, hindfoot 9-13 mm; weight 2-5-5 g. Howell's Forest Shrew is small to medium-sized. Dorsum is dark chocolate brown, and venter is paler brown, with conspicuous demarcation between dorsum and venter. Tail is ¢.70% of head-body length; slightly bicolored, being
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="75.[1443,2651,294,1079]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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dark brown above and slightly lighter below; and covered with short hairs along entire length and some longer bristle hairs on basal two-thirds of tail. Overall, specimens from the East Usambara Mountains are smaller than specimens from other known populations and have shortest and narrowest skulls, possibly representing a distinct subspecies. Nominate
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Jenkins" authorityYear="1984" box="[1764,1851,452,485]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sylvisorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="75" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="howelli">howelli</taxonomicName>
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has larger and higher skull, and subspecies usambarensis has smaller and flatter skull. There are four unicuspids.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1445,2478,530,563]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="75.[1443,2651,294,1079]" box="[1445,2478,530,563]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1445,1556,530,563]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Montane tropical moist forests at elevations above ¢.900-1000 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1445,1945,570,603]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="75.[1443,2651,294,1079]" box="[1445,1945,570,603]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1445,1706,570,603]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="75" pageNumber="470" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="75.[1443,2651,294,1079]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1445,1579,610,643]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Breeding.</emphasis>
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A pregnant Howell's Forest Shrew with two embryos was found in West Usambara Mountains in August.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1443,2424,688,721]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="75.[1443,2651,294,1079]" box="[1443,2424,688,721]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1443,1678,688,721]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Howell's Forest Shrews are terrestrial and nocturnal.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1445,2384,728,761]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="75.[1443,2651,294,1079]" box="[1445,2384,728,761]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1445,2145,728,761]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="75" pageNumber="470" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="75.[1443,2651,294,1079]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1445,1798,767,800]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Howell's Forest Shrew is common throughoutits distribution and has a reasonably large extent of occurrence (34,217 km?). Nevertheless,its distribution is fragmented, and there is continuing decline in extent and quality ofits habitat. It is threatened by habitat loss, largely from logging operations and conversion of land to agricultural uses. Within its distribution,it can be the most common species of shrew.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="75" pageNumber="470" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="75.[1443,2651,294,1079]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1445,1597,1013,1038]" pageId="75" pageNumber="470">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Hutterer (1986¢), Jenkins (1984), Kennerley (2016c), Stanley (2013k), Stanley & Olson (2005), Stanley, Kihaule et al. (1998).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |