185 lines
18 KiB
XML
185 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870843" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-08-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6870843" approvalRequired="304" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="45" approvalRequired_for_matCits="75" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="40" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="75" approvalRequired_for_treatments="69" checkinTime="1658335596803" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Russell A. Mittermeier & Don E. Wilson" docDate="2018" docId="3D474A54A02E8742FF0BA36D1871FA26" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_8_Soricidae_0332.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Sorex isodon Turov 1924" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="399" masterDocId="C17E322CA0288744FF8DAB47125EFFF9" masterDocTitle="Soricidae" masterLastPageNumber="551" masterPageNumber="332" pageNumber="399" updateTime="1658350298165" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Soricidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2018</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2018-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>332</mods:start>
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<mods:end>551</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870843</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-08-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6870843</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6869597" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6869597" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A02E8742FF0BA36D1871FA26" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3D474A54A02E8742FF0BA36D1871FA26" lastPageNumber="399" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<heading pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<subSubSection box="[134,188,2090,2136]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[129,1017,2090,2216]" box="[134,188,2090,2136]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<figureCitation box="[134,188,2090,2136]" captionStart="Plate 15: Soricidae" captionStartId="2.[139,168,3219,3244]" captionTargetBox="[12,2756,14,3635]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="0. Radde’s Shrew (Sorex raddei), 1. Alpine Shrew (Sorex alpinus), 2. Ussuri Shrew (Sorex mwrabilis), 3. Chinese Highland Shrew (Sorex excelsus), 4. Greater Striped Shrew (Sorex cylindricauda), 5. Lesser Striped Shrew (Sorex bedfordiae), 7. Flat-skulled Shrew (Sorex roboratus), 8. Eurasian Least Shrew (Sorex munutissimus), 9. Azumi Shrew (Sorex hosonoi), 10. Slender Shrew (Sorex gracillimus), 11. Laxmann’s Shrew (Sorex caecutiens), 12. Shinto Shrew (Sorex shinto), 13. Taiga Shrew (Sorex isodon), 14. Long-clawed Shrew (Sorex unguiculatus), 15. Chinese Shrew (Sorex sinalis), 16. Common Shrew (Sorex araneus), 17. Iberian Shrew (Sorex granarius), 18. Valais Shrew (Sorex antinorn), 19. Crowned Shrew (Sorex coronatus), 20. Caucasian Shrew (Sorex satunin), 21. Siberian Large-toothed Shrew (Sorex daphaenodon), 22. Gansu Shrew (Sorex cansulus), 23. Tundra Shrew (Sorex tundrensis), 24. Tian Shan Shrew (Sorex asper), 25. Apennine Shrew (Sorex samniticus), 26. Arctic Shrew (Sorex arcticus), 27. Maritime Shrew (Sorex maritimensis), 28. Eurasian Pygmy Shrew (Sorex minutus), 29. Caucasian Pygmy Shrew (Sorex volnuchini), 30. Buchara Shrew (Sorex buchariensis), 31. Tibetan Shrew (Sorex thibetanus), 32. Kashmir Shrew (Sorex planiceps), 33. Trowbridge’s Shrew (Sorex trowbridgu), 34. Arizona Shrew (Sorex arizonae), 35. Merriam’s Shrew (Sorex merriami), 36. Alto Shrew (Sorex altoensis), 37. Jalisco Shrew (Sorex mediopua), 38. Saussure’s Shrew (Sorex saussurei), 39. San Cristobal Shrew (Sorex cristobalensis), 40. McCarthy's Shrew (Sorex mccarthyi), 41. Salvin’s Shrew (Sorex salvini), 42. Sclater’s Shrew (Sorex sclateri), 43. Pale-toothed Shrew (Sorex stizodon)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870999" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6870999/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">13.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[204,458,2090,2136]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[129,1017,2090,2216]" box="[204,458,2090,2136]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<vernacularName box="[204,458,2090,2136]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Taiga Shrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[509,738,2090,2136]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[129,1017,2090,2216]" box="[509,738,2090,2136]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Turov" authorityYear="1924" box="[509,738,2090,2136]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="isodon">
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<emphasis box="[509,738,2090,2136]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Sorex isodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="399" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[129,1017,2090,2216]" box="[130,1015,2154,2175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[130,206,2154,2175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[216,440,2154,2175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Musaraigne de la taiga</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[462,552,2154,2175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[558,710,2154,2175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Taigaspitzmaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[731,822,2154,2175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[833,1015,2154,2175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Musarana de taiga</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="6.[129,1017,2090,2216]" box="[130,592,2194,2215]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[130,377,2194,2215]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[387,592,2194,2215]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Even-toothed Shrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<paragraph blockId="6.[743,1336,2268,2687]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<subSubSection box="[743,1247,2268,2293]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399" type="reference_group">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[743,896,2268,2293]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Turov, 1924" authorityName="Turov" authorityYear="1924" box="[912,1243,2268,2293]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="isodon">Sorex isodon Turov, 1924</taxonomicName>
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,
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="399" type="materials_examined">
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<materialsCitation country="Russia" location="basin of Barguzin River" pageId="6" pageNumber="399" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Buryatia">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A02E8742FF0BA36D1871FA26:B031AD99A02E8742FB63A39B1189F6E5" country="Russia" name="basin of Barguzin River" pageId="6" pageNumber="399" stateProvince="Buryatia">basin of Barguzin River</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[998,1113,2299,2332]" country="Russia" name="Buryatiya" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Buryatia</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[1128,1224,2299,2332]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Siberia</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1240,1327,2299,2332]" name="Russia" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Russia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</subSubSection>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="399" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[743,1336,2268,2687]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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Evidence from mtDNA and nDNA sequences classifies
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Turov" authorityYear="1924" box="[996,1109,2378,2411]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="isodon">S. isodon</taxonomicName>
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in the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Laxmann" authorityYear="1788" box="[1210,1336,2378,2411]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caecutiens">caecutiens</taxonomicName>
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group. Six subspecies recognized.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="399" type="synonymic_list">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870881" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6870881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6870881/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="399" targetBox="[129,720,2271,2685]" targetPageId="6">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[743,1336,2268,2687]" box="[744,1144,2461,2490]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[744,1144,2461,2490]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="6.[743,1336,2268,2687]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<taxonomicName authority="Turov, 1924" authorityName="Turov" authorityYear="1924" box="[746,1050,2504,2529]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="isodon" subSpecies="isodon">S.i.isodonTurov,1924—fromYeniseiRiverBasininES.i.EtoKamchatkaPeninsula.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="6.[743,1336,2268,2687]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<taxonomicName authority="Goodwin, 1933" authorityName="Goodwin" authorityYear="1933" box="[746,1126,2614,2647]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="isodon" subSpecies="gravest">S.i.gravestGoodwin,1933—RussianFarEast.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="6.[130,1335,2697,3474]" box="[133,816,2697,2726]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<taxonomicName authority="Skalon & Raevsky, 1940" authorityName="Skalon & Raevsky" authorityYear="1940" box="[133,652,2697,2726]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="isodon" subSpecies="montanus">S.i.montanusSkalon&Raevsky,1940—AltaiMts.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="6.[130,1335,2697,3474]" box="[133,802,2733,2766]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<taxonomicName authority="Skalon & Raevsky, 1940" authorityName="Skalon & Rajevsky" authorityYear="1940" box="[133,627,2733,2766]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="isodon" subSpecies="princeps">S.i.princepsSkalon&Raevsky,1940—WS.i.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="6.[130,1335,2697,3474]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<taxonomicName authority="Stroganov, 1936" authorityName="Stroganov" authorityYear="1936" box="[133,537,2772,2805]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="isodon" subSpecies="ruthenus">S.i.ruthenusStroganov,1936—N&EEurope(NSweden,NNorway,Finland,Russia,NEBelarus,andSumyregioninNEUkraine).</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="6.[130,1335,2697,3474]" box="[133,765,2859,2884]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<taxonomicName authority="Okhotina, 1984" authorityName="Okhotina" authorityYear="1984" box="[133,584,2859,2884]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="isodon" subSpecies="sachalinensis">S. i. sachalinensis Okhotina, 1984</taxonomicName>
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— Sakhalin I.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="6.[130,1335,2697,3474]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Also present in N Mongolia (Khentii Mts), NE China, and Korean Peninsula, but subspecies involved not known.</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="399" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[130,1335,2697,3474]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[131,380,2972,3001]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body 54-86 mm, tail 37-55 mm, hindfoot 13-15 mm; weight 6-1-16-3 g. Tail of the Taiga Shrew is usually longer than 50% of head-body length;it is bicolored but sometimes only at base, with dark unicolored distal part. Pelage is almost unicolored. In juveniles, back is brown to dark brown, and belly is somewhat lighter. There is no distinct border between back, sides, and belly colors. Adults are darker, up to black-brown, with no difference in color between back and belly. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 42 and FN = 70, with 14 pairs of metacentric and submetacentric autosomes and six pairs of acrocentric autosomes. X-chromosome is large acrocentric, and Y-chromosome is small subtelocentric.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="399" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[130,1335,2697,3474]" lastBlockId="6.[1401,2609,286,1508]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[131,242,3322,3355]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Various habitats. The Taiga Shrew uses dark coniferous forests with substantial litter, such as cedar,fir, and spruce mountain forests, in southern Siberia. It often dominates shrew communities in fir-spruce forests with well-developed tall grasses. In the north, it prefers spruce—fir forests of riverine terraces in the north but is rarely subdominant even in these habitats. It is low in abundance and is found mostly in floodplain meadows and floodplain alder groves in the European part of the distribution. The Taiga Shrew is rare in foreststeppe and forest-tundra regions outside the forest zone and avoids tundra communities.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="399" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[1401,2609,286,1508]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1403,1669,444,477]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Earthworms and dipteran larvae found by digging through litter are the most common dietary components of the Taiga Shrew in almost all regions. Spiders and caterpillars are often present in gastric contents in southern Yakutia (= Sakha Republic) and Karelia, beetle larvae only in Karelia, and myriapods in Primorsky Krai. Adult beetles are not major parts of diets in any region.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="399" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[1401,2609,286,1508]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1403,1538,641,674]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Reproduction of the Taiga Shrew starts 15-17 days later than in other species of shrews in the Magadan Region, southern Yakutia, central Siberia, and Karelia. A female produces up to three litters/breeding season, which ends in September. One to eleven embryos (average 7-6) were observed in pregnant females. Number of embryos/female can decrease during the breeding season and might be higher in northern regions than southern regions.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="399" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[1401,2609,286,1508]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1402,1648,878,911]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Daily activity of the Taiga Shrew is multiphasic. Activity observed in the Russian Far East was the lowest compared with activities of other, even larger, species of
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<taxonomicName box="[1560,1629,961,990]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="399" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Sorex</taxonomicName>
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. Daytime and nighttime activity periods are about the same duration.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="399" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[1401,2609,286,1508]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1403,2107,1035,1068]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Although Taiga Shrews are solitary and have their own home ranges, sometimes home ranges of individuals agglomerate in the favorable habitats. Individual home ranges are 1200-2600 m? for overwintering males and 700-1400 m* for immature males in Karelia.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="399" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[1401,2609,286,1508]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1404,1753,1194,1227]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Taiga Shrew is common and dominates shrew communities in mountain dark conifer forests of southern Siberia. It is low in abundance in the European part of its distribution and is consequently on several Regional Red Lists (Karelia, Novgorod, and Ryazan regions).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="399" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[1401,2609,286,1508]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1405,1549,1399,1424]" pageId="6" pageNumber="399">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Bekenov et al. (1985), Bobretsov (2016), Churchfield & Sheftel (1994), Churchfield et al. (1999), Dokuchaev (1990), Gureev (1979), Ivanter(1975), Ivanter & Makarov (2001), Kalinin et al. (1998), Mishta (2011), Nesterenko (1999), Okhotina (1974, 1984), Revin (1989), Shchipanov et al. (1998), Sheftel (1983), Sulkava (1990c), Zima et al. (1998).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |