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<mods:title id="F1CC35BBA0A2F6535927173D9B30328D">Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EE24D32D7E2211FB16C79F9E14BFB019">Lambert, Gretchen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BD0C4F08EAD77F61A6C06AE4F79F0BE5">Lee, Serina Siew-Chen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DE1F7FF8EFDD3B8B3CDB4A3DF2F3547B">St Johns Island National Marine Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119227. &amp; serina. lee @ nus. edu. sg; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9326 - 0941</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1DE8F569CAC3388B17312BA9BEF3EF07">Teo, Serena Lay-Ming</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A1B6D72A247354D0CA00E88EC1021F23">St Johns Island National Marine Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119227. &amp; tmsteolm @ nus. edu. sg; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3309 - 4715</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="F4F0FDF0FFB7E72FFF6CFF3BFDECFF3A" authority="Tokioka, 1950" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1950" box="[151,536,223,249]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Pyura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curvigona">
<emphasis id="01845A61FFB7E72FFF6CFF3BFDECFF3A" bold="true" box="[151,536,223,249]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="01845A61FFB7E72FFF6CFF3BFE96FF3A" bold="true" box="[151,354,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Pyura curvigona</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5761FB82FFB7E72FFE92FF3BFDECFF3A" author="Tokioka, T." box="[361,536,223,249]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="115 - 150" refId="ref22789" refString="Tokioka, T. (1950) Ascidians from the Palao Islands. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 1, 115 - 150. https: // doi. org / 10.5134 / 174438" type="journal article" year="1950">Tokioka, 1950</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="334F8673FFB7E72FFF6CFEE7FEC8FEDD" blockId="30.[151,536,223,286]" box="[151,316,259,286]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<figureCitation id="ABCB9AF6FFB7E72FFF6CFEE7FEC8FEDD" box="[151,316,259,286]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1910,1934]" captionTargetBox="[186,1401,181,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-17@29.[186,1401,181,1886]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 11. A, B: Microcosmus exasperatus. A: whole animal right side, 1.2 cm in height; B: siphonal spines, largest 44 um long; C: Microcosmus helleri in tunic, 2 cm in width, showing opened edges of embedded bivalve (arrow); D: bivalve removed from host tunic; E: anterior end of small Pyura curvigona (2 cm total length) partially embedded in Polyandrocarpa rollandi colony; F: P. curvigona siphonal spines, longest 211 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4547874" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4547874/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figures 11E, F</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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#2655B, small specimen embedded in
<taxonomicName id="F4F0FDF0FFB7E72FFDB5FEAFFC91FEA6" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1961" box="[590,869,331,357]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyandrocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rollandi">
<emphasis id="01845A61FFB7E72FFDB5FEAFFC91FEA6" box="[590,869,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Polyandrocarpa rollandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
colony (#2655A); body in tunic
<quantity id="F4082B96FFB7E72FFB27FEAFFAE0FEA5" box="[1244,1300,331,358]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
tall,
<quantity id="F4082B96FFB7E72FFAB4FEAFFA68FEA5" box="[1359,1436,331,358]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="cm" value="2.2">2.2 cm</quantity>
wide. Long iridescent siphonal spines up to about
<quantity id="F4082B96FFB7E72FFD34FE8BFCDCFE49" box="[719,808,367,394]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.11" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="211.0">211 µm</quantity>
. Rectum swollen, anus with many rounded lobes. Liver greenish, dark. Amphipod in branchial sac.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="334F8673FFB7E72FFF3CFE53FD60FE36" blockId="30.[151,1437,331,610]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Widely distributed in tropical western Pacific:
<collectingCountry id="4BE7C6E3FFB7E72FFD26FE53FCD7FE12" box="[733,803,439,465]" name="China" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4BE7C6E3FFB7E72FFCD4FE5CFC43FE11" box="[815,951,440,466]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4BE7C6E3FFB7E72FFC3FFE53FBC0FE12" box="[964,1076,439,465]" name="Indonesia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4BE7C6E3FFB7E72FFBBAFE53FB41FE12" box="[1089,1205,439,465]" name="Singapore" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Singapore</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4BE7C6E3FFB7E72FFB39FE53FAD0FE12" box="[1218,1316,439,465]" name="Vietnam" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4BE7C6E3FFB7E72FFAD4FE53FA6DFE12" box="[1327,1433,439,465]" name="Australia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Australia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4BE7C6E3FFB7E72FFF6CFE3FFF2CFE36" box="[151,216,475,501]" name="Palau" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Palau</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="4BE7C6E3FFB7E72FFF18FE3FFEEFFE36" box="[227,283,475,501]" name="Micronesia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Truk</collectingCountry>
, Majuro,
<collectingCountry id="4BE7C6E3FFB7E72FFE7CFE38FE3EFE35" box="[391,458,476,502]" name="Japan" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="F1344891FFB7E72FFE2EFE3FFDC9FE36" box="[469,573,475,501]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="4BE7C6E3FFB7E72FFDB3FE3FFD64FE36" box="[584,656,475,501]" name="Guam" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Guam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="334F8673FFB7E72FFF3CFE1BFB74FDA1" blockId="30.[151,1437,331,610]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Detailed references with illustrations:
<bibRefCitation id="5761FB82FFB7E72FFD85FE1BFCD3FDD9" author="Tokioka, T." box="[638,807,511,538]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="115 - 150" refId="ref22789" refString="Tokioka, T. (1950) Ascidians from the Palao Islands. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 1, 115 - 150. https: // doi. org / 10.5134 / 174438" type="journal article" year="1950">Tokioka (1950</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="5761FB82FFB7E72FFCCDFE1BFC86FDD9" author="Tokioka, T." box="[822,882,511,538]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 247" refId="ref22955" refString="Tokioka, T. (1967) Pacific Tunicata of the United States National Museum. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 251, 1 - 247. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.251.1" type="journal article" year="1967">1967</bibRefCitation>
),
<bibRefCitation id="5761FB82FFB7E72FFC73FE1BFBD0FDD9" author="Millar, R. H." box="[904,1060,511,538]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="205 - 336" refId="ref19588" refString="Millar, R. H. (1975) Ascidians from the Indo-West-Pacific region in the Zoological Museum, Copenhagen (Tunicata, Ascidiacea). Steenstrupia, 3, 205 - 336." type="journal article" year="1975">Millar (1975)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="5761FB82FFB7E72FFBC8FDE4FAA8FDDA" author="Kott, P. &amp; Goodbody, I." box="[1075,1372,511,538]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="503 - 554" refId="ref18500" refString="Kott, P. &amp; Goodbody, I. (1982) The ascidians of Hong Kong. In: Morton, B. S. &amp; Tseng, C. K. (Eds.), Proceedings of the First International Marine Biological Workshop: The Marine Flora and Fauna of Hong Kong and Southern China, Hong Kong, 1980. University Press, Hong Kong, pp. 503 - 554." type="book chapter" year="1982">Kott &amp; Goodbody (1982)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="5761FB82FFB7E72FFA91FDE4FF10FDFD" author="Kott, P." pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 440" refId="ref18109" refString="Kott, P. (1985) The Australian Ascidiacea part 1, Phlebobranchia and Stolidobranchia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 23, 1 - 440." type="journal article" year="1985">Kott (1985)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="5761FB82FFB7E72FFF0BFDC7FDE8FDFE" author="Cole, L. &amp; Vorontsova, M." box="[240,540,547,574]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref16757" refString="Cole, L. &amp; Vorontsova, M. (1998) Species of Pyuridae (Ascidiacea) from South Vietnam. Bulletin of Marine Science, 62, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1998">Cole &amp; Vorontsova (1998)</bibRefCitation>
, Monniot F. (2009b),
<bibRefCitation id="5761FB82FFB7E72FFCE9FDC0FC25FDFE" author="Lee, S. S. - C. &amp; Teo, S. L. - M. &amp; Lambert, G." box="[786,977,547,574]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref18900" refString="Lee, S. S. - C., Teo, S. L. - M. &amp; Lambert, G. (2013) New records of solitary ascidians on artificial structures in Singapore waters. Marine Biodiversity Records, 6, 1 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1755267213000638" type="journal article" year="2013">
Lee
<emphasis id="01845A61FFB7E72FFCBFFDC0FC81FDFE" box="[836,885,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al</emphasis>
. (2013)
</bibRefCitation>
. Other references:
<bibRefCitation id="5761FB82FFB7E72FFB5EFDC7FF10FDA1" author="Tokioka, T. &amp; Nishikawa, T." pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="323 - 341" refId="ref23036" refString="Tokioka, T., &amp; Nishikawa, T. (1975) Contribution to the Japanese ascidian fauna. 27. Some ascidians from Okinawa, with notes on a small collection from Hong Kong. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 22, 323 - 341. https: // doi. org / 10.5134 / 175896" type="journal article" year="1975">Tokioka &amp; Nishikawa (1975)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="5761FB82FFB7E72FFF0BFDA3FE4FFDA2" author="Nishikawa, T." box="[240,443,583,609]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="107 - 140" refId="ref21339" refString="Nishikawa, T. (1984) Ascidians from the Truk Islands, Ponape Island and Majuro Atoll (Tunicata, Ascidiacea). Proceedings of the Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology, 27, 107 - 140." type="journal article" year="1984">Nishikawa (1984)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="5761FB82FFB7E72FFE3CFDACFDB9FDA2" author="Kott, P." box="[455,589,583,610]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="375 - 655" refId="ref18173" refString="Kott, P. (1992) The Australian Ascidiacea part 3, Aplousobranchia (2) and Supplement 2. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 32, 375 - 655." type="journal article" year="1992">Kott (1992)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="5761FB82FFB7E72FFDA2FDA3FD00FDA1" author="Zheng, C." box="[601,756,583,610]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="201 - 205" refId="ref23436" refString="Zheng, C. (1995) Species diversity of ascidian in the coastal China Seas. Chinese Biodiversity, 3 (4), 201 - 205." type="journal article" year="1995">Zheng (1995)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="5761FB82FFB7E72FFCFBFDA3FC47FDA2" author="Lambert, G." box="[768,947,583,609]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="588 - 597" refId="ref18753" refString="Lambert, G. (2003) Marine biodiversity of Guam: the Ascidiacea. Micronesica, 35 - 36, 588 - 597." type="journal article" year="2003">Lambert (2003)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="5761FB82FFB7E72FFC45FDACFB88FDA1" author="Lee, S. S. - C. &amp; Chan, J. Y-H. &amp; Teo, S. L. - M. &amp; Lambert, G." box="[958,1148,583,610]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="718 - 743" refId="ref18960" refString="Lee, S. S. - C., Chan, J. Y-H., Teo, S. L. - M. &amp; Lambert, G. (2016) State of knowledge of ascidian diversity in South China Sea and new records for Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 34, 718 - 743." type="journal article" year="2016">
Lee
<emphasis id="01845A61FFB7E72FFC14FDACFBD5FDA2" box="[1007,1057,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al</emphasis>
. (2016)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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