282 lines
33 KiB
XML
282 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="3835" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.44.70359" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e68244ef-cd68-488f-9afb-c23ca55ae447" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2367-5365-44-193" ID-Pensoft-UUID="18B5BF4D68665E9EB5D8A8BF6B64641D" ID-ZooBank="EA6D65A049FE420FB0E55908EBF72D02" ModsDocID="2367-5365-44-193" checkinTime="1633780208711" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zilli, Alberto" docDate="2021" docId="7BF5F85461F2507F95175E720F7A12AD" docLanguage="en" docName="NotaLepidopt 44: 193-211" docOrigin="Nota Lepidopterologica 44" docPubDate="2021-10-08" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.44.70359" docTitle="Tabwecala Zilli 2021, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="F744DF74-AE2D-4236-8089-076C74D3EB81" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="18B5BF4D68665E9EB5D8A8BF6B64641D" lastPageNumber="193" masterDocId="18B5BF4D68665E9EB5D8A8BF6B64641D" masterDocTitle="Tabwecala robinsoni gen. nov., sp. nov., from Vanuatu and its systematic position in the ' Ophiusini - Poaphilini ' clade (Lepidoptera, Erebidae)" masterLastPageNumber="211" masterPageNumber="193" pageNumber="193" updateTime="1732840205535" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="07D0B59B022A33D680E2325DAC7E8712" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="13079EAACE180130717BA75C2FF3EE6E">
|
||
<mods:title id="731F5335193ABA428875ADF2DAC4D0BE">Tabwecala robinsoni gen. nov., sp. nov., from Vanuatu and its systematic position in the ' Ophiusini - Poaphilini ' clade (Lepidoptera, Erebidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="6C492EEF904AADE1022C073D4B1E8049" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="C89DB10DF68BEE37DCC9D9A8EDEE4B81">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="9FAC6EB87D9576A1F0654B2314470715">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="4188BE0A59FAF1AFB01B2AFD6AFC1505">Zilli, Alberto</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9640FC8F3C13A25EC21175036DDB4381" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3416-8069</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="AEF0EB993A6B7CF28CCD42C77A1CBB7B">Natural History Museum, Life Sciences, Cromwell Road, SW 7 5 BD London, UK; a. zilli @ nhm. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3416 - 8069</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F9E2DBF1298FECFB9071B35235F27C36" type="email">a.zilli@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="876E49AD53451F63E29E6C831D588E43">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="118F183BFD6CE8AA6C1F9CF126822DA7" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="0457D5E63704889997A9D0179A96A828">
|
||
<mods:title id="99BF4D59F02A9E14F9457A08717D91F6">Nota Lepidopterologica</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="377832FA77F896D9162ADB0EBA0D402F">
|
||
<mods:date id="A1BEEB1B199BC855DD2CBEDAD9CE2DF0">2021</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="42503D49B82127D89003A63DBA130DFA" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="B70B484DF6B049CED5FE1D854A3DD018">2021-10-08</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="17D431A4B13CE8D771035CEA194FCEC4" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="E7BFDA7647F1B6C995D3D3C32B35AECC">44</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="71B45B5385DFA31238FDEA58985837E7" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="64F12752B99612F1BA05198FF8709278">193</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="E2267E3EECCFC184369372D113ACE3FF">211</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="CE2244FE06481EA177C0D5CFD78938E3">
|
||
<mods:url id="2B30725B076D0CFADBCE5D23171607A0">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.44.70359</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="6EAEFDD9857FD102D6DFFDE130675E88">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="447DA544F446DB84A57DF18F4B71FA98" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.44.70359</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F641ED195689DC029406452A889E1B0E" type="Pensoft-Pub">2367-5365-44-193</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B8B077076ED2302ECE4DD3281FD0E2D0" type="ZooBank">EA6D65A049FE420FB0E55908EBF72D02</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="754A29119939571D0302019122A27DC7" type="Pensoft-UUID">18B5BF4D68665E9EB5D8A8BF6B64641D</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="7BF5F85461F2507F95175E720F7A12AD" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189469089" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F744DF74-AE2D-4236-8089-076C74D3EB81" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7BF5F85461F2507F95175E720F7A12AD" lastPageNumber="193" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" scope_family="Erebidae" scope_order="Lepidoptera">
|
||
<subSubSection id="7D6EEF84B23455DB0868033B3648D666" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="D358AA545E124BDBB2B91544DDBF1DFE" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3A8D85D67EFD992B5D4A35521E8FEBC5" LSID="http://zoobank.org/F744DF74-AE2D-4236-8089-076C74D3EB81" authority="Zilli, 2021" authorityName="Zilli" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Tabwecala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tabwecala" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Tabwecala</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="19B3DF2E8A72543A833D30D685248433" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="50C61EF9755C207357FEDF6C306EFB2E" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" type="type species">
|
||
<paragraph id="1F6DBE576B3F09CDBB76F53FD12313B1" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E72E27251FED549AA7FE00C46477BA44" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="90521C2536CB33BDE9526F10132C8ADC" authorityName="Zilli" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Tabwecala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tabwecala robinsoni" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robinsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="8229A68E96D9FFD15EBC1B3CD94DCA66" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Tabwecala robinsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (described below), by present designation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EAB92792A62155F8B6095A65B646009F" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="85EB69721860FE3743CE43323B55BFB7" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F04F03282E5C32E6FABE7B8B2E2822CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
The generic epithet derives from the combination of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E5D98997F59B4C534E1BAABBE762D426" originalValue="“Tabwe-”">"Tabwe-"</normalizedToken>
|
||
(from Mt Tabwemasana in Espiritu Santo Island) and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D82C2CB7A188024D6337E531456F7826" originalValue="“-cala”">"-cala"</normalizedToken>
|
||
(from the Greek
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6762D3A2A7612688EE68549A68F92ED8" originalValue="“κᾰλή”">"κᾰλή"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, meaning
|
||
<normalizedToken id="01D3A4074AA85CCCCC90F4412133204B" originalValue="“nice”">"nice"</normalizedToken>
|
||
); it is feminine in gender.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9A4D11CC00F530F6FEE095F01EC942BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="3F606489987887929E66ED224EAB004D" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="69515547519B08CD7B7D3B5D80312228" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
The absence of sexual dimorphism in the labial palpi, the presence of two anterior spines on the male profemur, the absence of spines on male tibiae, the presence of an androteca on male mesotibia, the strongly modified male metatibia bearing a dorsal hair pencil, the tuba analis without scaphium and with a deep, hood-like scaphial pocket, and the sterigma projected posteriorly into a free end, represent altogether a combination of characters not seen, at the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FDBB5E5EA6C2478E7E4A41AD7EE3ACE9" originalValue="author’s">author's</normalizedToken>
|
||
best knowledge, in other genera of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9B63DDCADE80A3707137BE695A6E5B2E" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Erebidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C9C0DD9787949E721189EE2C6FF0BF76" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="7CF599FA577897E301BD4933BACEB273" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A442296B5842543364D9284C57B8661F" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BC4D3EB0613782A93D0B036E7B74BB6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Male</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="731087D1929C0841C23D47E756EDE09F" captionStart="Figures 1, 2" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1, 2. Habitus of Tabwecala robinsoni gen. nov., sp. nov., from Vanuatu, Espiritu Santo, Mt Tabwemasana. 1. Holotype ♂; 2. Paratype ♀. Scale bar: 1 cm (1, 2.)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.44.70359.figures1-2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/597051" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="139CEE70C10C5C99BCB9BFE280881DAE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<emphasis id="9C8B750E0F584022A66AB7D55C21C207" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Head</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Large, feebly sunk into thorax, frons slightly bulged, unscaled at middle (scales evidently brushed off by labial palps after emergence as in numerous other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F0C2432D044B6A30F9F1547524CC15CA" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Erebinae">Erebinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), vertex roughly scaled, eye large, globular, antenna filiform, scape stout, barrel-like, covered by scales projected into small dorsal hood, pedicel small globular, flagellum consisting of short cylindrical, ventrally very shortly ciliate antennomeres, pilifer conspicuous, with long bristles, haustellum well developed, with tiny flat apical sensilla, labial palpus slender, upcurved, first joint roughly scaled, second joint compactly scaled, third joint long and thin, rod-like, two thirds as long as second, with no apical club.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="8A431BF98B335B57684C076DF9426260" doi="10.3897/nl.44.70359.figures1-2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/597051" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" start="Figures 1, 2" startId="F1">
|
||
<paragraph id="1B52F5B6B3521A638B5FEE8D9DCF418B" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<emphasis id="476851E4AC872AE9E5BDC4F2376CC345" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Figures 1, 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E49E15FE3FE0AF790046B204D7B1F79F" authorityName="Zilli" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Tabwecala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tabwecala robinsoni" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robinsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="673679CFEFA0300309EB73D9F57E3AC5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Tabwecala robinsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov., sp. nov., from Vanuatu, Espiritu Santo, Mt Tabwemasana.
|
||
<emphasis id="E006F9C6B1021D5291B546F133413D78" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">1.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype ♂;
|
||
<emphasis id="8C58A5A40563940E766DAFBCCE263FEA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">2.</emphasis>
|
||
Paratype ♀. Scale bar: 1 cm (
|
||
<emphasis id="EB4DE53DC840D78463805456A58056D8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">1, 2.</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="57E90C11401ABE2D84281F596BC12EC8" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<emphasis id="28F538738ED047801EAB0AA417BFD250" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCA43826C7C43FD9E7D3B245804D9C6C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Stout, both patagium and tegula broad and long, roughly scaled, meso-metanotum with hair-like scales, without crests; pectus conspicuously hairy. Wings broad; forewing vein R1 from middle of cell, areole present, splitting between Rs2 and Rs3 close to termen in apical area of wing, but topology of Rs branches from cell very variable (see dedicated paragraph below), M visible in outer half of cell, other veins as in other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFCF2AE716D1D880E40C07EBDF78033" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Erebinae">Erebinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with CuA2 from before middle of cell; hindwing veins as in other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1AB845A7DDD9CE3035F103D0E09ABD8F" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Erebinae">Erebinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Legs slender (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="7C48E0CC50A96623D6AD70E9EBB222C8" captionStart="Figures 3, 4" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 3, 4. Legs of Tabwecala robinsoni gen. nov., sp. nov. 3. Male; 4. Female (this also with procoxa). Scale bar: 2 mm. (3, 4.)" figureDoi="10.3897/nl.44.70359.figures3-4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/597052" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">3</figureCitation>
|
||
); foreleg: profemur elongated, slightly wider at base and gradually tapered distally, with paired preapical spines, protibia not spined, barely shorter than femur, and feebly incrassate at middle, with epiphysis half length of tibia, protarsus conspicuously spined ventrally on tarsomeres I-IV, spines arranged into 3 rows, terminal spines of each tarsomere longest, spines replaced by bristles on tarsomere V, pretarsus with semi-circular arolium, onychia sharply bent, with midventral tooth, and pulvilli short; midleg: longest of the three legs, mesofemur long and slender, of almost uniform width, mesotibia greatly developed, longer and wider than mesofemur, its edges wrapping internally so as to originate a groove (androteca, cf. Berio 1955,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="95C002AA2531991A85BAC39643C0D9EB" author="Berio, E" journalOrPublisher="Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale " Giacomo Doria " (Genova)" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" pagination="276 - 327" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35318765" refId="B8" refString="Berio, E, 1959. Studi sulla sistematica delle cosiddette " Catocalinae " e " Othreinae " (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale "Giacomo Doria" (Genova) 71 (1960): 276 - 327, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35318765" title="Studi sulla sistematica delle cosiddette " Catocalinae " e " Othreinae " (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35318765" volume="71" year="1959">1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="016A9CA8B0FBAC4DDC0DF68C2EA4B387" author="Berio, E" journalOrPublisher="Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale " Giacomo Doria " (Genova)" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" pagination="181 - 332" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35589416" refId="B9" refString="Berio, E, 1965. Le catocaline africane a tibie spinose del Museo di Tervuren. Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale "Giacomo Doria" (Genova) 75 (1964-1965): 181 - 332, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35589416" title="Le catocaline africane a tibie spinose del Museo di Tervuren." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35589416" volume="75" year="1965">1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) enclosing a long hair-pencil kept in place by flat scales, mesotibial spurs one terminal pair, mesotarsus slender, spines and bristles on I-V as in protarsus, pretarsus as in protarsus; hindleg: metafemur slender and of almost uniform width, 7/10 as long as mesofemur, metatibia not spined and greatly modified, very short, about 2/3 length of metafemur, and swollen distally and dorsally so as to show a teardrop outline with dorso-apical bulge (respecting tibio-tarsal axis) for insertion of conspicuous pencil of long, hair-like androconial scales, this leaning middorsally along basal tarsomere, metatibial spurs two pairs, long and flimsy, first pair from middle of metatibia, second pair from well before apex, mesotarsus with basal tarsomere greatly developed, thick and longer than tarsomeres II-V altogether, widest at base and gradually tapered apically, clothed externally with thin long setae and showing midventrally in its distal two thirds comb of long bristles, tarsomeres II-V and pretarsus as in fore- and midleg.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="4AF9A6DB24745B68831F8E28729F5640" doi="10.3897/nl.44.70359.figures3-4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/597052" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" start="Figures 3, 4" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph id="4CC2408F366FA745CE19A99783B0FD7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<emphasis id="1E2949B850266F8F117DDE053B3BA1B6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Figures 3, 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Legs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E37A5CD2B101D9A0823609EBD08BCF4C" authorityName="Zilli" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Tabwecala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tabwecala robinsoni" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robinsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="84FF7EF4C2F63A5551546D67824687BD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Tabwecala robinsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov., sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis id="29EAF0FEB0E70696FA3FE7CB28192BE8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">3.</emphasis>
|
||
Male;
|
||
<emphasis id="7A3A874135C1A7BE5E1BBAE004647C32" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">4.</emphasis>
|
||
Female (this also with procoxa). Scale bar: 2 mm. (
|
||
<emphasis id="3CBDC673AB7695BC98106F4211E9AAA5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">3, 4.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="B8B6719BC71622CBF45DB2FC64362437" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<emphasis id="BF4ABCF52D01BF6FAA9F25F9B8AD9D69" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<emphasis id="52BDB3F4D845AB3CC1870CDF935F9B5B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Sternum A2 broad, subrectangular, with short, broad-based anterior apodemes, other segments of pregenital abdomen with subrectangular urotergites and urosternites, much wider than high, tergum A8 trapezoid, sternum A8 shallowly cleft on its posterior margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F8198BFC844AE35A184A6AFE9F803665" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9167DA8433A99E31F29A84F7A94B169" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="6BA3E6996C75D2874429CDAA2DFF7F43" captionStart="Figures 5, 6" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 5, 6. Genitalia of Tabwecala robinsoni gen. nov., sp. nov. 5. Male, paratype; 6. Female, paratype (sternum A 7 on left). Scale bar: 1 mm (5, 6.)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.44.70359.figures5-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/597053" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tegumen and vinculum robust, the latter shorter than tegumen and without inwardly produced saccus, valva oblong, with strongly sclerotised proximo-ventral portion, deriving from fusion between costal process and clasper, narrowly joined to sacculus, this produced into short saccular process, and dorso-distal membranous portion, which is broadly but shallowly corematous dorsally at base, where a conspicuous scent tuft is inserted. Uncus with dorsal process far from base. Tuba analis of complex configuration, dorsally membranous, showing distinct hood-like scaphial pocket (best seen in side view) above anus to accommodate tip of uncus. Juxta long, symmetrical, of the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A34334C99DBA5B5EE8539E542B2CFFE2" originalValue="‘X’">'X'</normalizedToken>
|
||
-type, articulated at very base of valvae. Phallus arched and compressed, with recurved foot-shaped coecum, showing small sclerotised platelet at base of vesica in distal excision of ventral edge of its shaft, vesica multi-lobed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="7D4251010A79702C6A9088D23A523871" doi="10.3897/nl.44.70359.figures5-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/597053" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" start="Figures 5, 6" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph id="F3B7E132B0DC4AD604B508F4B6C34B18" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<emphasis id="76641D5D3D9077D1EB278D48CBF3BAE0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Figures 5, 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F12881E75BC10A937EE9FF4A9D854805" authorityName="Zilli" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Tabwecala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tabwecala robinsoni" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robinsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="28173719E7B24CB636DDE82B9F8EAA42" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Tabwecala robinsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov., sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis id="46CC978333E2A96A6E0D76DB55842397" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">5.</emphasis>
|
||
Male, paratype;
|
||
<emphasis id="6F14DD7623C704FAEDFF28954E8219A0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">6.</emphasis>
|
||
Female, paratype (sternum A7 on left). Scale bar: 1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="9F7C2C9F758E52187EA024919F90E8D9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">5, 6.</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="09E9A332B96E5A2F46D117673DF8707F" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<emphasis id="C81E32BFDCFA5043F2B06B57A1B8E8B4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1837E8D64DA211C2E434337A6C9DEBF6" captionStart="Figures 1, 2" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1, 2. Habitus of Tabwecala robinsoni gen. nov., sp. nov., from Vanuatu, Espiritu Santo, Mt Tabwemasana. 1. Holotype ♂; 2. Paratype ♀. Scale bar: 1 cm (1, 2.)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.44.70359.figures1-2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/597051" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="C73DBCAED7136DA71BE8DE0B9B45F071" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<emphasis id="5926C7078D5DB48FC4BD562C6496BBF5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Head</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
As in male, no sexual dimorphism detectable, including labial palpus, except for base of flagellum, slightly thinner, and periscapular scales, shorter and not forming hood.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4EE061E66613C6A4F32219EA3378337D" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4420DFD9EBBCE7F34F2ED6A15CF45A7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<emphasis id="40F323C5B24CDA6804D240749313957C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Pro-metathorax and wings as in male, legs without the sexual secondary modifications seen in male (namely, profemural spines, mesotibial androteca, shortened and swollen metatibia bearing dorsal scent pencil and weak spurs, strongly developed basal segment of metatarsus with setae and comb), mesotibia irregularly spined externally, metatibia not spined, basal segment of metatarsus as long as tarsomeres II+III, with three rows of spines ventrally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="A0B446B46A998F88111F0FC51BFAF971" captionStart="Figures 3, 4" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 3, 4. Legs of Tabwecala robinsoni gen. nov., sp. nov. 3. Male; 4. Female (this also with procoxa). Scale bar: 2 mm. (3, 4.)" figureDoi="10.3897/nl.44.70359.figures3-4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/597052" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">4</figureCitation>
|
||
); other features as in male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="688C49028DD545068B8207E82C11D87B" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<emphasis id="F7CFAEEBC3A0EF1363BFF380C541ED9B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<emphasis id="44FD486D9039646B65670B322494004B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
As in male but tergum A7 broad and high, approximately square-shaped, and sternum A7 greatly reduced to narrow and long subrectangular lodix plate (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FEB68DFAFCEB2C4AD7591AB6EB5AE99" captionStart="Figures 5, 6" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 5, 6. Genitalia of Tabwecala robinsoni gen. nov., sp. nov. 5. Male, paratype; 6. Female, paratype (sternum A 7 on left). Scale bar: 1 mm (5, 6.)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.44.70359.figures5-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/597053" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">6</figureCitation>
|
||
) overlapping ostium bursae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="03BD1BEEAF0F6939D20442699A0B7BF7" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C9957D25967F9A9639F7E400B63F5F5" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="512D624C6C652CC872763E3BEB2738E9" captionStart="Figures 5, 6" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 5, 6. Genitalia of Tabwecala robinsoni gen. nov., sp. nov. 5. Male, paratype; 6. Female, paratype (sternum A 7 on left). Scale bar: 1 mm (5, 6.)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.44.70359.figures5-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/597053" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Complete sterigma present and of complex configuration, corresponding to broadly dilated midventral section of intersegmental membrane A7-A8 produced midventrally into stout, strongly sclerotised longitudinal outgrowth that terminates posteriorly into free end overlapping midventral sclerotisation which extends between from post-sterigmatal area to sternum A8; ostium bursae opening at approximately one third from anterior margin of sterigma. Bursa copulatrix with broad cervix and appendix anteriorly oriented originating from left of this. Ovipositor short, papillae anales soft, elongated, densely setose. Gonapophyses rod-like.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="56160476E0C3499C0C98C824A7FB02C3" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" type="venational variation">
|
||
<paragraph id="90068A34551CA38CDA6C753AAA356F3B" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Venational variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C295132BE5567616CFCBA4C716323F8F" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
Two different configurations regarding topology of forewing Rs veins, not linked to the sexes of specimens examined, have been found. As noted in the 'materials and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9AEFB8609C72F0B4112AE078BD17822C" originalValue="methods’">methods'</normalizedToken>
|
||
, these are reported here after a descriptive approach (italics between brackets) and an interpretative one (normal text and Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="7C03FB0074AEAA0CBBB59A4E67433C78" captionStart="Figures 7, 8" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 7, 8. Tabwecala robinsoni gen. nov., sp. nov., different branching patterns of veins from forewing areole (shaded light red) with interpretation of homologies (see criteria in Material and methods). 7. Long-areoled configuration; 8. Short-areoled configuration; M - medial; R - radial; Rs - radial sector; Sc - subcostal. Scale bar: 1 mm (7, 8.)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.44.70359.figures7-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/597054" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">7</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="2586D26D96AD1ED36B4D0061D24235BA" captionStart="Figures 7, 8" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 7, 8. Tabwecala robinsoni gen. nov., sp. nov., different branching patterns of veins from forewing areole (shaded light red) with interpretation of homologies (see criteria in Material and methods). 7. Long-areoled configuration; 8. Short-areoled configuration; M - medial; R - radial; Rs - radial sector; Sc - subcostal. Scale bar: 1 mm (7, 8.)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.44.70359.figures7-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/597054" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">8</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="12D27BD44D51DCE5FE8862CF25AD56D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
(1) [
|
||
<emphasis id="56072EC6E98E763F096C2101268AE67C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Areole long; Rs1 from just beyond middle of areole; Rs2 and Rs3 long stalked, from upper distal corner of areole; Rs4 from lower distal corner of cell</emphasis>
|
||
] Rs1 and stalk (Rs2+Rs3) long stalked, from before end of cell, areole very long, bound superiorly by stalk (Rs1+(Rs2+Rs3)) and stalk (Rs2+Rs3), inferiorly by Rs (viz. cell) and Rs4, and closed by short anastomosis that from Rs4 reaches stalk (Rs2+Rs3) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="62488A65CF7B0D468E6867CF5371F0C0" captionStart="Figures 7, 8" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 7, 8. Tabwecala robinsoni gen. nov., sp. nov., different branching patterns of veins from forewing areole (shaded light red) with interpretation of homologies (see criteria in Material and methods). 7. Long-areoled configuration; 8. Short-areoled configuration; M - medial; R - radial; Rs - radial sector; Sc - subcostal. Scale bar: 1 mm (7, 8.)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.44.70359.figures7-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/597054" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="953FF0F49F0621C4D5CF804F73591340" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
(2) [
|
||
<emphasis id="B1389F1DB567D5ECEBAB3D35BCEC19D0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Areole short; Rs1 from 4/5 length of areole; stalk of Rs2 and Rs3 shortly stalked with Rs4, from end of areole</emphasis>
|
||
] Rs1 and Rs2' stalked, from before end of cell, Rs2' free from bifurcation with Rs1 for short tract, then anastomosed and cojoined into short stalk ((Rs2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8216FF7DA0B4D99882F68F244FCCB428" originalValue="”+Rs3)+Rs4”">"+Rs3)+Rs4"</normalizedToken>
|
||
) which then separates into long stalk (Rs2"+Rs3) and Rs4", areole thus short, bound superiorly by stalk (Rs1+Rs2') and Rs2', and inferiorly by Rs (viz. cell) and Rs4' (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2AA5F1DB96B8F775BA5714D372691792" captionStart="Figures 7, 8" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 7, 8. Tabwecala robinsoni gen. nov., sp. nov., different branching patterns of veins from forewing areole (shaded light red) with interpretation of homologies (see criteria in Material and methods). 7. Long-areoled configuration; 8. Short-areoled configuration; M - medial; R - radial; Rs - radial sector; Sc - subcostal. Scale bar: 1 mm (7, 8.)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.44.70359.figures7-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/597054" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">8</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="E57DEC64E008C3FAC7BD992E34E94A8C" doi="10.3897/nl.44.70359.figures7-8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/597054" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" start="Figures 7, 8" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph id="ED2815F09259BB394DAF81D385642F23" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<emphasis id="2EDA477F86E1BF2BF52360049FCD9A0A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Figures 7, 8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DECDD702BE2F8278942FA4BA34C4D373" authorityName="Zilli" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Tabwecala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tabwecala robinsoni" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robinsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="3BA9C41F9AA99CDD3CC35055F43BCEE2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Tabwecala robinsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov., sp. nov., different branching patterns of veins from forewing areole (shaded light red) with interpretation of homologies (see criteria in Material and methods).
|
||
<emphasis id="B2A86B7DBF092A3CDB58A7C33CBEADC5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">7.</emphasis>
|
||
Long-areoled configuration;
|
||
<emphasis id="02D6F9A96BB1A037F8F68FD1CA62C292" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">8.</emphasis>
|
||
Short-areoled configuration;
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B91D581F7C8A2A2BB8EB53E29CB564" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">M</emphasis>
|
||
- medial;
|
||
<emphasis id="00EF45D58C1142CC68089901A726FF3F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">R</emphasis>
|
||
- radial;
|
||
<emphasis id="49009C23C69B27983443475E24F682D4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Rs</emphasis>
|
||
- radial sector;
|
||
<emphasis id="D0F194A0B58D8D7E32B78A6416F0DC27" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Sc</emphasis>
|
||
- subcostal. Scale bar: 1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="9B171EC94692739BBA25BFA6301A1009" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">7, 8.</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EE719D7F9118CEBA9C6A984ACF1C0469" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="D90DD8DE7322EB2E425371E2B052A2C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="19EDD583BD532E2ADF60592B9DDB034C" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">The genus is currently known only from a restricted area of the Pacific (Vanuatu: Espiritu Santo).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="79EE520ACBCDA2E91960F068B12DC553" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" type="systematic position">
|
||
<paragraph id="4F1D71B399E067FBE3CFC91F3D49A704" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Systematic position.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0548718C2F8B4672068D5AE3488B27B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
Features of the new genus indicate its position in tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0F12C5029CED827BB4706BCD0DEB748D" authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1852" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" rank="tribe" tribe="Poaphilini">Poaphilini</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="504EBF407CCCAC3BD21E32310A174DD8" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Erebinae">Erebinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A70E25CB8BAFD569640E6489410F36B" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Erebidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), a group which is however morphologically ill-defined, as it will be reviewed in the discussion below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |