495 lines
58 KiB
XML
495 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document id="6BC9B724B42D7DFFF5AF9425AC6FC49F" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.210864" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bc8606df-9e8b-44af-a522-0fd0ae7b1349" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="210864" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460475468456" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Borkent, Art & Grafe, Ulmar" docDate="2012" docId="9720782FAA0AFFA2FF78FDB146A30978" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03279p045.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3279" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Corethrella (Corethrella) tigrina Borkent & Grafe, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="6B190057AA0FFFA5FFEFFFE147380A5C" masterDocTitle="The Frog-Biting Midges of Borneo — From Two to Eleven Species (Corethrellidae: Diptera)" masterLastPageNumber="45" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1698306645417" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="DF06E5B27753F061BC93CB7074A31D4E">The Frog-Biting Midges of Borneo — From Two to Eleven Species (Corethrellidae: Diptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="573D55727E47229D0F082B0EFDA26E24">Borkent, Art</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="96241F16336EE394096CC519DDDC9F92">Grafe, Ulmar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="56F462B4FE90B4126A91FDEAD717EA1F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="7583F476F1430B1F15F382105C272F52">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C37EBC4660820E9956090990505DB388">
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<mods:date id="AA0B583AE4426A62FCD4B5CE0D5138ED">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="C110F3BA36BA3007F792986644D6F3FA" type="volume">
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<treatment id="9720782FAA0AFFA2FF78FDB146A30978" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5619818" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119516205" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5619818" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9720782FAA0AFFA2FF78FDB146A30978" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9720782FAA0AFFA2FF78FDB146A30978" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<subSubSection id="57939AB2AA0AFFA0FF78FDB1442D08D0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1F36C939AA0AFFA0FF78FDB144A40836" blockId="5.[151,924,592,652]" box="[151,924,592,618]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<heading id="447E7E55AA0AFFA0FF78FDB144A40836" bold="true" box="[151,924,592,618]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA0AFFA0FF78FDB144A40836" bold="true" box="[151,924,592,618]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA0AFFA0FF78FDB145C70836" authority="Borkent & Grafe" authorityName="Borkent & Grafe" box="[151,767,592,618]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Corethrella">
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<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA0AFFA0FF78FDB1461A0836" bold="true" box="[151,290,592,618]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Corethrella</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA0AFFA0FEDDFDB146840836" bold="true" box="[306,444,592,618]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Corethrella</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA0AFFA0FE21FDB145270836" bold="true" box="[462,543,592,618]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">tigrina</emphasis>
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Borkent & Grafe
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="36CEA850AA0AFFA0FCE3FDB144A40836" box="[780,924,592,618]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1F36C939AA0AFFA0FF78FD95442D08D0" blockId="5.[151,924,592,652]" box="[151,789,628,652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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(
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<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA0AFFA0FF70FD9547D408D0" box="[159,236,628,652]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="24.[151,248,1916,1939]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,180,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[172,1416,180,1895]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 2. Female adult Corethrella feeding on calling male frogs in Borneo. A. C. tigrina on Metaphrynella sundana (Peters) (Ashton Trail in the Ulu Temburong National Park, Brunei Darussalam). B. C. lutea resting on somewhat drooping leaf after feeding on Rhacophorus appendiculatus (Günther) (Sungai Ingei Conservation Forest, 8.2 km S. Melilas, Brunei Darussalam). C. C. bipigmenta on Megophrys nasuta (Ulu Temburong National Park, Brunei). All photographs by second author." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210866/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
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A, 4A, 6A, 7E, G, 8A, L, M, 9A, 12A, 13A, 14B)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="57939AB2AA0AFFA0FF78FD5844180901" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="1F36C939AA0AFFA0FF78FD5844180901" blockId="5.[151,1437,697,1985]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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DIAGNOSIS:
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<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA0AFFA0FEA9FD5B456B088E" box="[326,595,698,722]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA0AFFA0FEA9FD5B4647088E" box="[326,383,698,722]" name="Malta" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Male</collectingCountry>
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and female adults
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</emphasis>
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: Only extant species of
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<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA0AFFA0FC85FD5B44D2088E" box="[874,1002,698,722]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA0AFFA0FC85FD5B44D2088E" box="[874,1002,698,722]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Corethrella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the Palaearctic, Oriental, Oceanian and northern Australasian Regions with the combination of a wing with a subapical band (
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<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA0AFFA0FB54FD3D421D08A8" box="[1211,1317,732,756]" captionStart="FIGURE 12. A – K" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1922]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 12. A – K. Wings of female Corethrella." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210876/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
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) and with abdominal tergites 2–6 each with anterior dark pigmentation and lighter posteriorly (
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<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA0AFFA0FB6DFD1E43D7094B" box="[1154,1263,767,791]" captionStart="FIGURE 13. A – J" captionStartId="35.[151,250,2013,2036]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1989]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[151,1436,193,1991]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 13. A – J. Abdomens of female Corethrella, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210877/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
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). Only extant species in Borneo with the combination of a wing with a subapical band (
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<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA0AFFA0FC3CFCC343020966" box="[979,1082,802,826]" captionStart="FIGURE 12. A – K" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1922]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 12. A – K. Wings of female Corethrella." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210876/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
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) and all femora and tibiae each with darker pigmentation at both base and apex (
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<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA0AFFA0FD56FCA4442C0901" box="[697,788,837,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 9. A – D" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1975,1998]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,200,1947]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,193,1952]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. A – D. Thoraces and legs of female Corethrella, lateral view; slide-mounted." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210873/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="57939AB2AA0AFFA3FF28FC8945330BB6" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
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<paragraph id="1F36C939AA0AFFA0FF28FC89425C0D9D" blockId="5.[151,1437,697,1985]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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DESCRIPTION:
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<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA0AFFA0FE7AFC89452A09DC" box="[405,530,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA0AFFA0FE7AFC8946F709DC" box="[405,463,872,896]" name="Malta" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Male</collectingCountry>
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adult
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</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA0AFFA0FDC6FC88455109DD" bold="true" box="[553,617,873,897]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Head</emphasis>
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: Outline in anterior view somewhat circular (as in
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<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA0AFFA0FB5DFC8943CE09DC" box="[1202,1270,872,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1929,1952]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,193,1908]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 6. Head capsules of female Corethrella, anterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210870/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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A). Two large setae on frons between ventromedial area of ommatidia. Antenna with flagellomere 1 dark brown, remainder pale; pedicel without distinctive elongate, stout setae; flagellomeres as in
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<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA0AFFA0FC79FC4F44EF099A" box="[918,983,942,966]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1973,1996]" captionTargetBox="[185,1417,209,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[178,1422,193,1959]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 8. Antennae and male genitalia of Corethrella. A – K. Antennae of female Corethrella. L. Antenna of male C. tigrina. M. Male genitalia of C. tigrina, dorsal view; parts drawn in proportion to each other." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210872/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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L; sensilla coeloconica on flagellomeres 1, 9–13, only flagellomere 1 with more than one; flagellomere 13 with well-developed apical bifurcation. Palpus brown; segment 3 of nearly constant width.
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<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA0AFFA0FD7EFC1445D10E51" bold="true" box="[657,745,1013,1037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Thorax</emphasis>
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(as in
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<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA0AFFA0FCD7FC1544AB0E50" box="[824,915,1012,1036]" captionStart="FIGURE 9. A – D" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1975,1998]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,200,1947]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,193,1952]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. A – D. Thoraces and legs of female Corethrella, lateral view; slide-mounted." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210873/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
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): Light brown with following medium to dark brown: paratergite, margin of scutum posterior to paratergite, dorsal portion of mediotergite, posterodorsal portion of anterior anepisternum, posterior anepisternum, dorsal and ventral portion of anepimeron (pale at midheight), most of katepisternum (pale area at about midheight on posterior margin), dorsal portion of metanepisternum. Posterior portion of dorsocentral row with 2 elongate setae situated somewhat lateral to one another. Prescutal suture elongate, thick, uninterrupted, extending to near dorsocentral row of setae. Anterior anepisternum divided diagonally by sinuous suture, dorsal portion about equal to ventral portion. Ventral portion of posterior anepisternum triangular, uniformly brown, with anterodorsal margin not thick.
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<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA0AFFA0FBF0FB0943670F5D" bold="true" box="[1055,1119,1256,1281]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Wing</emphasis>
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(as in
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<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA0AFFA0FB40FB09422B0F5C" box="[1199,1299,1256,1280]" captionStart="FIGURE 12. A – K" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1922]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 12. A – K. Wings of female Corethrella." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210876/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
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but slightly lighter): Length =
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<quantity id="D87164DCAA0AFFA0FE82FAEA46ED0F7F" box="[365,469,1291,1315]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="0.95">0.95 mm</quantity>
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. Apex of R2 slightly distal to apex of M1. Anterior margin with differently, discretely pigmented scales (indicating anterior margin of midlength, subapical bands), with midlength, subapical bands, with dark scales on R4+5 and M connecting the two bands; veins (other than costa and wing margin) with well-developed scales. Halter pale.
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<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA0AFFA0FE6CFA9B46830FCE" bold="true" box="[387,443,1402,1426]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Legs</emphasis>
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(as in
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<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA0AFFA0FDE7FA9B455B0FCE" box="[520,611,1402,1426]" captionStart="FIGURE 9. A – D" captionStartId="31.[151,250,1975,1998]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,200,1947]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,193,1952]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 9. A – D. Thoraces and legs of female Corethrella, lateral view; slide-mounted." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210873/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
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): Light brown with forefemur with basal and apical darker pigmentation, each of following with discrete basal and apical dark pigmentation: foretibia, midfemur, midtibia, hind femur, hind tibia, fore-, mid-, hind leg tarsomeres 1 each with two bands, fore-, mid-, hind leg tarsomeres 2–4 with basal banding. With only slender setae, lacking scales. Midleg with thick, subapical setae on each of at least tarsomeres 1–3. Apices of fore-, midleg fifth tarsomeres undivided, with claws slightly subapical. Foreleg with tarsomeres 3/ 4 = 1.42. Claws of fore-, midleg equal in length, longer than those of hind leg. Each claw without inner tooth. Anterior claws of each leg without basal prong. Foreleg claws unequal. Midleg claws unequal. Foreleg tarsomere 3 longer than tarsomere 4. Empodia slender.
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<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA0AFFA0FD4BF98F44200CDB" bold="true" box="[676,792,1646,1671]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Abdomen</emphasis>
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: Pale except as follows: tergites 1–7, sternites 3–6 each with anterior band of brown pigmentation, segments 8–9 light brown.
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<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA0AFFA0FC5EF97043180CF6" bold="true" box="[945,1056,1681,1706]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Genitalia</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA0AFFA0FBC0F97043490CF5" box="[1071,1137,1681,1705]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1973,1996]" captionTargetBox="[185,1417,209,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[178,1422,193,1959]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 8. Antennae and male genitalia of Corethrella. A – K. Antennae of female Corethrella. L. Antenna of male C. tigrina. M. Male genitalia of C. tigrina, dorsal view; parts drawn in proportion to each other." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210872/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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M): Gonocoxite uniformly pale, gently tapering; anteromedial area with spicules similar in length to those elsewhere on gonocoxite; with well-defined dorsal row of setae, with anterior setae of similar thickness as some other setae on gonocoxite, more posterior setae thicker, with row curving posteromedially with posteriormost seta of row positioned dorsomedially. With one dorsomedial stout seta, tapering near apex. Gonostylus (in retracted position) with slight concavity along posterior margin, curved subapically, thick, of more or less equal thickness for entire length, tapered apically; one elongate, thick subbasal seta, situated ventrally; with thick, blunt apical peg. Aedeagus slender, elongate, tapering gradually to apex, pointed apically, with lateral margins separate apically. Dorsomedial seta from base of gonocoxite/ length of gonocoxite = 0.39. Subbasal seta from base of gonostylus/ length of gonostylus = 0.37.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1F36C939AA09FFA3FF28FF7943730B9B" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FF28FF7946640AEC" box="[199,348,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Female adult</emphasis>
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. Descriptive statistics: See
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<tableCitation id="520BFC82AA09FFA3FD78FF7645CA0AF3" box="[663,754,151,175]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="42.[151,235,154,175]" captionTargetBox="[151,1259,203,680]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="TABLE 1. Length (in mm) of wing of females of species of Corethrella." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/4BF699B1AA25FF8FFF78FF7B44440AF3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" tableUuid="4BF699B1AA25FF8FFF78FF7B44440AF3">Tables 1</tableCitation>
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–5.
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<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA09FFA3FCC9FF79447D0AEC" box="[806,837,152,176]" name="American Samoa" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">As</collectingCountry>
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for male, with following differences.
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<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FB01FF7942160AEC" bold="true" box="[1262,1326,152,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Head</emphasis>
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: Antenna light brown, with flagellomere 1, apical portion of flagellomeres 4–10, all of flagellomeres 11–13 medium brown. Antennal flagellomeres as in
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<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA09FFA3FE32FF3F45250AAA" box="[477,541,222,246]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1973,1996]" captionTargetBox="[185,1417,209,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[178,1422,193,1959]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 8. Antennae and male genitalia of Corethrella. A – K. Antennae of female Corethrella. L. Antenna of male C. tigrina. M. Male genitalia of C. tigrina, dorsal view; parts drawn in proportion to each other." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210872/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
A; sensilla coeloconica on flagellomeres 1, 9–13, only flagellomere 1 with more than one. Coronal suture elongate, extending ventrally past ommatidia. Clypeus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA09FFA3FBAFFEE143BC0B44" box="[1088,1156,256,280]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1929,1952]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,193,1908]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 6. Head capsules of female Corethrella, anterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210870/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
A) somewhat wider than long, triangular in outline. Mandible with very small, pointed teeth. Palpus as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA09FFA3FBCDFEC2435B0B67" box="[1058,1123,291,315]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1929,1952]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,193,1908]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 6. Head capsules of female Corethrella, anterior view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210870/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
A.
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FB64FEC243F30B60" bold="true" box="[1163,1227,291,316]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Wing</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA09FFA3FB35FEC2427A0B67" box="[1242,1346,291,315]" captionStart="FIGURE 12. A – K" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1922]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 12. A – K. Wings of female Corethrella." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210876/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA09FFA3FAB9FEC5424D0B60" box="[1366,1397,292,316]" name="American Samoa" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
for male but some with some darker pigmentation in subbasal area. Halter medium brown, somewhat paler or as dark as scutellum.
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FED2FE8B464D0BDE" bold="true" box="[317,373,362,386]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: Claws of each leg equal to those of others; equal on each leg, simple (without inner teeth).
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FF78FE6D46340BF9" bold="true" box="[151,268,396,421]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA09FFA3FEF4FE6D46BC0BF8" box="[283,388,396,420]" captionStart="FIGURE 13. A – J" captionStartId="35.[151,250,2013,2036]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1989]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[151,1436,193,1991]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 13. A – J. Abdomens of female Corethrella, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210877/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
|
||
): Pale or very light brown with anterior margin of each of tergites 1–7 and anterior portion of sternites 3–6 medium brown, segments 8–9 medium brown. Cercus medium brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1F36C939AA09FFA3FF28FE3245330BB6" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2027]" box="[199,523,466,490]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FF28FE3246B80BB6" box="[199,384,467,490]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Immature stages</emphasis>
|
||
. Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="57939AB2AA09FFA2FF28FE1446A30978" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="1F36C939AA09FFA3FF28FE1444950883" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
DISTRIBUTION AND BIONOMICS:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FD4BFE1444460851" box="[676,894,501,525]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FD4BFE1444460851" box="[676,894,501,525]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Corethrella tigrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA09FFA3FBA4FE1443AF0851" box="[1099,1175,501,525]" name="Brunei" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brunei</collectingCountry>
|
||
and two localities in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA09FFA3FF78FDF947C2086C" box="[151,250,536,560]" name="Malaysia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA09FFA3FEE5FDF94649086C" box="[266,369,536,560]" name="Malaysia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
at elevations of
|
||
<quantity id="D87164DCAA09FFA3FDD0FDF9458C086C" box="[575,692,536,560]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="125.0" valueMax="220.0" valueMin="30.0">30–220 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA09FFA3FD26FDF9440C086C" box="[713,820,536,560]" captionStart="FIGURE 14. A – B" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1965,1988]" captionTargetBox="[201,1406,229,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,193,1942]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. A – B. Distributions of species of Corethrella from Borneo." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210878/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Habitats include lowland peat swamps (including standing water and very slow moving streams) and steep terrain in mature mixed dipterocarp forest (
|
||
<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA09FFA3FAE5FDDA426E080F" box="[1290,1366,571,595]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[211,1379,193,1836]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[211,1379,193,1837]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 1. Habitats from which Corethrella adults were collected with a frog-call trap in Brunei (species collected given in parentheses). A. 12 km S. Liang, Brunei (C. tigrina, C. lutea, C. calathicola, C. pauciseta, C. gilva) (authors, for scale). B. Nepenthes ampullaria, 12 km S. Liang, Brunei (C. calathicola). C. 12.5 km S. Liang, Brunei (same species as for A) (first author, for scale). D. 20 km N. Labi, Luagan Lalak Forestry Rec. Site, Brunei (C. lutea). E. Belalong River, Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre, Brunei (C. lutea, C. bipigmenta, C. mitra). F. Sungai Esu, Ulu Temburong NP, Brunei (C. tigrina, C. bipigmenta, C. mitra) (first author's wife Annette, for scale). G. Pa Umor, 5 km E. Bario (C. bicincta, C. unizona)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210865/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A, F). The sexes were associated on the basis of a male and two females collected with a frog-call trap at
|
||
<quantity id="D87164DCAA09FFA3FAFCFDBF4264082A" box="[1299,1372,606,630]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
|
||
S. of Liang,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA09FFA3FF09FD60460A08C5" box="[230,306,641,665]" name="Brunei" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brunei</collectingCountry>
|
||
on
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA09FFA3FEB2FD6046EF08C5" box="[349,471,641,665]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2007-06-07">7-VI-2007</date>
|
||
. This is the only instance we know of in which a male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FBA9FD6043FE08C5" box="[1094,1222,641,665]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FBA9FD6043FE08C5" box="[1094,1222,641,665]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Corethrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been collected with a frog-call trap and provides very limited additional evidence supporting the tentative suggestion by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7B18B4C8AA09FFA3FAADFD4547D90883" author="Borkent" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Borkent, A. (2008) The Frog-Biting Midges of the World (Corethrellidae: Diptera). Zootaxa, 1804,1 - 456." type="book" year="2008">Borkent (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that males may be attracted to the vicinity of frog calls to mate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1F36C939AA09FFA3FF28FD08446509D1" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
This species is a member of the
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FDDDFD0B45CD095E" box="[562,757,746,770]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">drakensbergensis</emphasis>
|
||
species group (
|
||
<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA09FFA3FC49FD0844CF095D" box="[934,1015,745,769]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="41.[151,250,1568,1591]" captionTargetBox="[189,1400,240,1507]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[165,1422,193,1547]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURE 19. Phylogenetic relationships of Corethrella from Borneo to other species and showing their distributions. Numbers refer to character states given in Borkent (2008). Evidence for cladistic relationships given in Borkent (2008)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210883/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
) and morphologically very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FF78FCEC46860978" authority="Belkin. The" authorityName="Belkin. The" box="[151,446,780,805]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solomonis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FF78FCEC46120979" box="[151,298,781,805]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. solomonis</emphasis>
|
||
Belkin. The
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
latter species has been collected as larvae from the leaf axil of a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FB71FCED42160978" box="[1182,1326,780,804]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pandanaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(possibly
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FF78FCD14637091B" box="[151,271,816,839]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Sararanga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FF78FCD14637091B" box="[151,271,816,839]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sararanga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7B18B4C8AA09FFA3FEC6FCCE46EA091B" author="Borkent" box="[297,466,815,839]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Borkent, A. (2008) The Frog-Biting Midges of the World (Corethrellidae: Diptera). Zootaxa, 1804,1 - 456." type="book" year="2008">Borkent, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), suggesting that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FD71FCD144360914" box="[670,782,816,840]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FD71FCD144360914" box="[670,782,816,840]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. tigrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
immatures may occur in a similar habitat. However, as indicated in our conclusions, intense sampling from phytotelmata in Borneo has failed to find any immature
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FF78FC97462F09D2" box="[151,279,886,910]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FF78FC97462F09D2" box="[151,279,886,910]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Corethrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(other than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FE70FC97450609D2" box="[415,574,886,910]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calathicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FE70FC97450609D2" box="[415,574,886,910]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. calathicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FD37FC97447409D2" box="[728,844,886,910]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nepenthaceae" genus="Nepenthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FD37FC97447409D2" box="[728,844,886,910]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nepenthes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1F36C939AA09FFA3FF28FC79463B098F" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Adult female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FE8EFC7846F509EC" box="[353,461,921,944]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FE8EFC7846F509EC" box="[353,461,921,944]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. tigrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been collected with frog-call traps and from calling males of two species of frogs (Table 7).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1F36C939AA09FFA3FF28FC3F45910F52" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
TAXONOMIC DISCUSSION: There is puzzling variation in the size of the female adult flagellomeres 1–3, a feature which otherwise provides consistent evidence of differences between species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FB9CFBE043CB0E45" box="[1139,1267,1025,1049]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FB9CFBE043CB0E45" box="[1139,1267,1025,1049]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Corethrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA09FFA3FF39FBC5461A0E60" box="[214,290,1060,1084]" name="Brunei" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brunei</collectingCountry>
|
||
each of these flagellomeres is short (
|
||
<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA09FFA3FD22FBC544290E60" box="[717,785,1060,1084]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. A – D" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1998,2021]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1974]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,175,1975]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 7. A – D. Head capsules of female Corethrella, anterior view. E – H. Antennal flagellomeres 1 – 4 of female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210871/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
E) and for most of those from Lanjak Entimau,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA09FFA3FADBFBC542AF0E60" box="[1332,1431,1060,1084]" name="Malaysia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
|
||
, each is relatively elongate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA09FFA3FE39FBA645250E03" box="[470,541,1095,1119]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. A – D" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1998,2021]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1974]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,175,1975]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 7. A – D. Head capsules of female Corethrella, anterior view. E – H. Antennal flagellomeres 1 – 4 of female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210871/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
G). However, one specimen from Lanjak Entimau has flagellomeres that are somewhat intermediate in size; otherwise it is indistinguishable from three others collected at the same place and time with more elongate flagellomeres. We could find no other consistent differences between any of these specimens that would support considering them as separate species.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7B18B4C8AA09FFA3FC4AFB4E431F0E9B" author="Lim" box="[933,1063,1199,1223]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Lim, G. S. (2007) Can DNA sequences help with sorting biodiversity samples? Masters thesis, National University of Singapore, xii + 148 pp." type="book" year="2007">Lim (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
sequenced specimens from both
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA09FFA3FF78FB3247DB0EB7" box="[151,227,1235,1259]" name="Brunei" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brunei</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Lanjak Entimau and considered them the same, confirming the conclusion here that the differences in flagellomere lengths are intraspecific variation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1F36C939AA09FFA3FF28FAF843A80C79" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FF28FAF846A40F6D" box="[199,412,1305,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FF28FAF846A40F6D" box="[199,412,1305,1329]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Corethrella tigrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is morphologically very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FCC1FAF844FA0F6D" box="[814,962,1305,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solomonis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FCC1FAF844FA0F6D" box="[814,962,1305,1329]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. solomonis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species known as adult females, pupae and larvae from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA09FFA3FE90FADA45040F0F" box="[383,572,1339,1363]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
but the latter is more setose and does not have a subapical wing band. The discovery of this new species, and especially the discovery of the male, provides phylogenetic information regarding its position within the genus. The presence of unequal midleg claws on the male indicates that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FAC0FA6342A40FC5" box="[1327,1436,1410,1433]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FAC0FA6342A40FC5" box="[1327,1436,1410,1433]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. tigrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FF25FA4446860FE0" authority="Colless" authorityName="Colless" box="[202,446,1444,1469]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mckeeveri">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FF25FA4446580FE1" box="[202,352,1445,1469]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. mckeeveri</emphasis>
|
||
Colless
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
form an unresolved clade with the remainder of the
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FBDEFA4443CC0FE1" box="[1073,1268,1445,1469]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">drakensbergensis</emphasis>
|
||
species group (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7B18B4C8AA09FFA3FF71FA26467F0F83" author="Borkent" box="[158,327,1479,1503]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Borkent, A. (2008) The Frog-Biting Midges of the World (Corethrellidae: Diptera). Zootaxa, 1804,1 - 456." type="book" year="2008">Borkent, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Because of the striking similarity between the females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FC1BFA29435A0F83" box="[1012,1122,1480,1503]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FC1BFA29435A0F83" box="[1012,1122,1480,1503]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. tigrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FB74FA2942170F83" box="[1179,1327,1479,1503]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solomonis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FB74FA2942170F83" box="[1179,1327,1479,1503]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. solomonis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we have placed the latter species in this species group, considering it likely that the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FBABFA0A43EF0C5E" box="[1092,1239,1514,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solomonis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FBABFA0A43EF0C5E" box="[1092,1239,1514,1538]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. solomonis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, once discovered will also have unequal midleg claws. These modified relationships are depicted in
|
||
<figureCitation id="87B2D5BCAA09FFA3FBD5F9EC43B50C79" box="[1082,1165,1549,1573]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="41.[151,250,1568,1591]" captionTargetBox="[189,1400,240,1507]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[165,1422,193,1547]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURE 19. Phylogenetic relationships of Corethrella from Borneo to other species and showing their distributions. Numbers refer to character states given in Borkent (2008). Evidence for cladistic relationships given in Borkent (2008)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210883/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1F36C939AA09FFA3FF28F9D146370CD2" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
The male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FE27F9D045000C14" box="[456,568,1585,1608]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FE27F9D045000C14" box="[456,568,1585,1608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. tigrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FC88F9D044C50C14" box="[871,1021,1584,1608]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mckeeveri">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FC88F9D044C50C14" box="[871,1021,1584,1608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. mckeeveri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but differs in having the parameres tapering more abruptly near its apex. In addition, the apex of the gonostylus tapers more gradually than that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FA6DF9B546300CD2" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mckeeveri">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FA6DF9B546300CD2" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. mckeeveri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1F36C939AA09FFA3FF28F97846790D45" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FF28F97846A30CED" box="[199,411,1689,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FF28F97846A30CED" box="[199,411,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Corethrella tigrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a subapical band on the wing that was considered a synapomorphy of the Neotropical
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FF78F95D46110C88" box="[151,297,1724,1748]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">quadrivittata</emphasis>
|
||
species group by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7B18B4C8AA09FFA3FE10F95D45880C88" author="Borkent" box="[511,688,1724,1748]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Borkent, A. (2008) The Frog-Biting Midges of the World (Corethrellidae: Diptera). Zootaxa, 1804,1 - 456." type="book" year="2008">Borkent (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Here it is clearly an instance of homoplasy (i.e.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FB16F95C42510C88" box="[1273,1385,1725,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FB16F95C42510C88" box="[1273,1385,1725,1748]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. tigrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a member of the
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FEADF93E453D0CAB" box="[322,517,1759,1783]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">drakensbergensis</emphasis>
|
||
species group and lacks the series of synapomorphies leading to the
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FAE5F93E42A40CAB" box="[1290,1436,1759,1783]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">quadrivittata</emphasis>
|
||
species group).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1F36C939AA09FFA3FF28F8C5447D0DF9" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Males and females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FE2BF8C445090D61" box="[452,561,1829,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FE2BF8C445090D61" box="[452,561,1829,1853]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. tigrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a small pale area posterior to the prescutal suture, somewhat similar to the derived condition described in character 28 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7B18B4C8AA09FFA3FD57F8A644580D03" author="Borkent" box="[696,864,1863,1887]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Borkent, A. (2008) The Frog-Biting Midges of the World (Corethrellidae: Diptera). Zootaxa, 1804,1 - 456." type="book" year="2008">Borkent, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is either a precursor or a partially homoplastic expression of the derived condition. Because we did not reexamine material of many of the early lineages of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FF78F86F462F0DFA" box="[151,279,1934,1958]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FF78F86F462F0DFA" box="[151,279,1934,1958]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Corethrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we cannot confidently interpret this observation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1F36C939AA09FFA3FF28F85142A50DB7" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<typeStatus id="C032779BAA09FFA3FF28F85146190D94" box="[199,289,1968,1992]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">TYPES</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<typeStatus id="C032779BAA09FFA3FEC0F85146A20D94" box="[303,410,1968,1992]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, male adult on microscope slide, labeled "
|
||
<typeStatus id="C032779BAA09FFA3FC65F85143190D94" box="[906,1057,1968,1992]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA09FFA3FBC3F85147E40DB7" authority="Borkent and Grafe" authorityName="Borkent and Grafe" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA09FFA3FBC3F851423B0D94" box="[1068,1283,1968,1992]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Corethrella tigrina</emphasis>
|
||
Borkent and Grafe
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
", "
|
||
<quantity id="D87164DCAA09FFA3FEEEF83246680DB7" box="[257,336,2003,2027]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
|
||
S. Liang,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA09FFA3FE36F83245100DB7" box="[473,552,2003,2027]" name="Brunei" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brunei</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA09FFA3FDD5F832458C0DB7" box="[570,692,2003,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2007-06-07">7-VI-2007</date>
|
||
; frog-call trap with synthetic tone; U. Grafe; 075-5" (CNCI).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1F36C939AA08FFA2FF78FF7646620883" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,804]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Allotype, female adult on microscope slide, labeled as for
|
||
<typeStatus id="C032779BAA08FFA2FCC6FF7644B30AF3" box="[809,907,151,175]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
but "75-5/1".
|
||
<typeStatus id="C032779BAA08FFA2FBDBFF7943990AEC" box="[1076,1185,152,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
on microscope slides: 1 Ƥ from
|
||
<typeStatus id="C032779BAA08FFA2FEF3FF5A46740A8F" box="[284,332,187,211]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality (UBD); 3 Ƥ,
|
||
<quantity id="D87164DCAA08FFA2FD87FF5B458F0A8E" box="[616,695,186,210]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
|
||
S. Liang,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA08FFA2FCAEFF5B44A80A8E" box="[833,912,186,210]" name="Brunei" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Brunei</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="D87164DCAA08FFA2FC4CFF5B44DD0A8E" box="[931,997,186,210]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FC17FF5B43490A8E" box="[1016,1137,186,210]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2007-06-08">8-VI-2007</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FB6BFF5B42310A8E" box="[1156,1289,186,210]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2007-06-11">11-VI-2007</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FAF2FF5B42AF0A8E" box="[1309,1431,186,210]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2007-05-23">23-V-2007</date>
|
||
, respectively (2, CNCI; 1 UBD); 1 Ƥ, Lanjak Entimau (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7ABDAFFEAA08FFA2FCE5FF3F44550AAA" box="[778,877,222,246]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="112.066666">112° 4'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7ABDAFFEAA08FFA2FC95FF3F44EC0AAA" box="[890,980,222,246]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="1.4666667">1° 28'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA08FFA2FC06FF3F43740AAA" box="[1001,1100,222,246]" name="Malaysia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA08FFA2FBB6FF3F43FA0AAA" box="[1113,1218,222,246]" name="Malaysia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="D87164DCAA08FFA2FB20FF3F42330AAA" box="[1231,1291,222,246]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="80.0">80 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FAF7FF3F42A40AAA" box="[1304,1436,222,246]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-06-18">18-VI-2008</date>
|
||
(CNCI); 4 Ƥ, from previous locality but
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FD8FFEE145DB0B44" box="[608,739,256,280]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-06-22">22-VI-2008</date>
|
||
(CNCI); 1 Ƥ, from previous locality but
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FB5BFEE142000B44" box="[1204,1336,256,280]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-06-19">19-VI-2008</date>
|
||
(CNCI).
|
||
<typeStatus id="C032779BAA08FFA2FF78FEC5463C0B60" box="[151,260,292,316]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
on pins: 4 Ƥ,
|
||
<quantity id="D87164DCAA08FFA2FE4AFEC2453A0B67" box="[421,514,291,315]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="km" value="12.5">12.5 km</quantity>
|
||
S. Liang,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA08FFA2FD98FEC245FE0B67" box="[631,710,291,315]" name="Brunei" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Brunei</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="D87164DCAA08FFA2FD3EFEC244350B67" box="[721,781,291,315]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="33.0">33 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FCF6FEC244B10B67" box="[793,905,291,315]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2009-01-30">30-I-2009</date>
|
||
(CNCI); 1 Ƥ, from previous locality but
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FAB4FEC247F70B02" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2009-02-21">21-II- 2009</date>
|
||
(CNCI); 1 Ƥ, from previous locality but
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FD4DFEA7441D0B02" box="[674,805,326,350]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2009-03-23">23-III-2009</date>
|
||
(UBD); 1 Ƥ,
|
||
<quantity id="D87164DCAA08FFA2FC2BFEA743340B02" box="[964,1036,326,350]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
|
||
S. Liang,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA08FFA2FB6EFEA743E80B02" box="[1153,1232,326,350]" name="Brunei" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Brunei</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="D87164DCAA08FFA2FB33FEA742200B02" box="[1244,1304,326,350]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FACAFEA742A40B02" box="[1317,1436,326,350]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2011-05-15">15-V-2011</date>
|
||
(CNCI); 1 Ƥ, from previous locality but
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FD84FE8845E30BDD" box="[619,731,361,385]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2009-01-10">10-I-2009</date>
|
||
(CNCI); 4 Ƥ, KBFSC-walkway, Ulu Temburong NP,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA08FFA2FAA6FE8842A00BDD" box="[1353,1432,361,385]" name="Brunei" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Brunei</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FF78FE6D461C0BF8" box="[151,292,396,420]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-07-23">23-VII-2008</date>
|
||
(CNCI); 6 Ƥ, Sungai
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA08FFA2FDF4FE6C456D0BF8" box="[539,597,397,420]" name="Malta" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Mata</collectingCountry>
|
||
Ikan, Ulu Temburong NP,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA08FFA2FC6DFE6D44E90BF8" box="[898,977,396,420]" name="Brunei" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Brunei</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="D87164DCAA08FFA2FC33FE6D431C0BF8" box="[988,1060,396,420]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="110.0">110 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FBDFFE6D43850BF8" box="[1072,1213,396,420]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-07-10">10-VII-2008</date>
|
||
(5, CNCI; 1 UBD); 3 Ƥ, from previous locality but
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FDECFE4E45A90B9B" box="[515,657,431,455]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-07-12">12-VII-2008</date>
|
||
(CNCI); 4 Ƥ, Sungai Baki, Ulu Temburong NP,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA08FFA2FB2DFE4E42290B9B" box="[1218,1297,431,455]" name="Brunei" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Brunei</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="D87164DCAA08FFA2FAF1FE4E42510B9B" box="[1310,1385,431,455]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FA99FE4E47C70BB6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-07-18">18- VII-2008</date>
|
||
(CNCI); 1 Ƥ, lower Sungai Apan Ulu Temburong NP,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA08FFA2FC95FE3344F10BB6" box="[890,969,466,490]" name="Brunei" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Brunei</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="D87164DCAA08FFA2FC39FE3343180BB6" box="[982,1056,466,490]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="110.0">110 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FBC1FE3343830BB6" box="[1070,1211,466,490]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-07-13">13-VII-2008</date>
|
||
(CNCI); 1 Ƥ, from previous locality but
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FE68FE14453E0851" box="[391,518,501,525]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-07-08">8-VII-2008</date>
|
||
(CNCI); 2 Ƥ, Belalong Münd (estuary), Ulu Temburong NP,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA08FFA2FB2EFE1442280851" box="[1217,1296,501,525]" name="Brunei" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Brunei</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FAF3FE1442A30851" box="[1308,1435,501,525]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-07-04">4-VII-2008</date>
|
||
(CNCI); 12 Ƥ,
|
||
<quantity id="D87164DCAA08FFA2FEA1FDF94698086C" box="[334,416,536,560]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="km" value="0.5">0.5 km</quantity>
|
||
S. Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre, along Sungai Esu,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA08FFA2FB85FDF94381086C" box="[1130,1209,536,560]" name="Brunei" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Brunei</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="D87164DCAA08FFA2FB27FDF94230086C" box="[1224,1288,536,560]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="60.0">60 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FAF7FDF942A4086C" box="[1304,1436,536,560]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2010-11-12">12-XI-2010</date>
|
||
(CNCI); 1 Ƥ, Ashton Trail in the Ulu Temburong NP,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA08FFA2FCF7FDDA445F080F" box="[792,871,571,595]" name="Brunei" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Brunei</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="D87164DCAA08FFA2FC9AFDDA44FA080F" box="[885,962,571,595]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="220.0">220 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FC3EFDDA4371080F" box="[977,1097,571,595]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2010-05-24">24-V-2010</date>
|
||
(CNCI); 1 Ƥ, from previous locality but
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FECDFDBF469F082A" box="[290,423,606,630]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2010-06-15">15-VI-2010</date>
|
||
(CNCI); 2 Ƥ, Gunung Mulu NP,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA08FFA2FCDCFDBF44AE082A" box="[819,918,606,630]" name="Malaysia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA08FFA2FC4BFDBF4335082A" box="[932,1037,606,630]" name="Malaysia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="D87164DCAA08FFA2FBF3FDBF4362082A" box="[1052,1114,606,630]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FB86FDBF43D0082A" box="[1129,1256,606,630]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-07-07">7-VII-2008</date>
|
||
(CNCI); 12 Ƥ, Lanjak Entimau,(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7ABDAFFEAA08FFA2FEB0FD6046F808C5" box="[351,448,641,665]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="112.066666">112° 4'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7ABDAFFEAA08FFA2FE21FD60451008C5" box="[462,552,641,665]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="1.4666667">1° 28'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA08FFA2FDD0FD60459A08C5" box="[575,674,641,665]" name="Malaysia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="679E89A9AA08FFA2FD40FD60442108C5" box="[687,793,641,665]" name="Malaysia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="D87164DCAA08FFA2FCC9FD60445A08C5" box="[806,866,641,665]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="80.0">80 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FC9FFD6044CC08C5" box="[880,1012,641,665]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-06-22">22-VI-2008</date>
|
||
(CNCI); 1 Ƥ, from previous locality but
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FF2CFD45467F08E0" box="[195,327,676,700]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-06-25">25-VI-2008</date>
|
||
(CNCI); 1 Ƥ, from previous locality but
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FCF2FD45449808E0" box="[797,928,676,700]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-06-24">24-VI-2008</date>
|
||
(CNCI); 2 Ƥ, from previous locality but
|
||
<date id="6B37EFF9AA08FFA2FA99FD4547CE0883" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2008-06-21">21- VI-2008</date>
|
||
(CNCI).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1F36C939AA08FFA2FF28FD0846A30978" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,804]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
DERIVATION OF SPECIFIC EPITHET: The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D889B2BAAA08FFA2FCC9FD0A444A095E" box="[806,882,747,770]" class="Insecta" family="Corethrellidae" genus="Corethrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
|
||
<emphasis id="2DFD152BAA08FFA2FCC9FD0A444A095E" box="[806,882,747,770]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">tigrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(tiger) refers to the patterned thorax and legs of females of this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |