366 lines
35 KiB
XML
366 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.147.2117" ID-GBIF-Dataset="737d9e49-ca5a-4db8-8ad8-5b26fd663709" ID-PMC="PMC3286262" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-147-399" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFC09D1206663066632323645E417D20" ID-PubMed="22371669" ID-Zenodo-Dep="577410" ID-ZooBank="2296366206F44A6D82D31EFD1AD3D055" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-147-399" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 147" ModsDocTitle="Badister Clairville 1806: A new species and new continental record for the nominate subgenus in Amazonian Perú (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Licinini)" checkinTime="1451249658171" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Erwin, Terry L. & Ball, George E." docDate="2011" docId="58603F7E4C238B927F604A2986FDED1F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 147: 399-417" docOrigin="ZooKeys 147" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.147.2117" docTitle="Badister amazonus Erwin & Ball 2011, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="D953E83C-2809-4DE7-91F2-40451DEBFDEA" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="FFC09D1206663066632323645E417D20" lastPageNumber="410" masterDocId="FFC09D1206663066632323645E417D20" masterDocTitle="Badister Clairville 1806: A new species and new continental record for the nominate subgenus in Amazonian Peru (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Licinini)" masterLastPageNumber="417" masterPageNumber="399" pageNumber="406" updateTime="1668152674102" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Badister Clairville 1806: A new species and new continental record for the nominate subgenus in Amazonian Peru (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Licinini)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Erwin, Terry L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Hyper-diversity Group, Department of Entomology, MRC- 187, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, P. O. Box 37012, DC 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">erwint@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ball, George E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>147</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>399</mods:start>
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<mods:end>417</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.147.2117</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.147.2117</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-147-399</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">2296366206F44A6D82D31EFD1AD3D055</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFC09D1206663066632323645E417D20</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">577410</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032058" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D953E83C-2809-4DE7-91F2-40451DEBFDEA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/58603F7E4C238B927F604A2986FDED1F" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="410" pageId="7" pageNumber="406">
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="406" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="406">
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<taxonomicName LSID="58603F7E-4C23-8B92-7F60-4A2986FDED1F" authority="Erwin & Ball" authorityName="Erwin & Ball" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Badister" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Badister amazonus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonus" status="sp. n.">Badister amazonus Erwin & Ball</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="7" pageNumber="406">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Badister amazonus sp. n., female, ADP 051544; type locality. Habitus, dorsal aspect. ABL = 7.13 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19730" pageId="7" pageNumber="406">Figures 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Distribution dot map for known localities of Badister amazonus sp. n .. along the rivers Samiria and Ucayali (★)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19736" pageId="7" pageNumber="406">-7</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="406" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="406">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="406">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="406">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Perú">Peru</normalizedToken>
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</emphasis>
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, Loreto, 1.0 km SW boca del Rio Samiria, Vigilante Post 1, 130m, "
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<geoCoordinate degrees="04" direction="south" minutes="40.5" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-4.675">04°40.5'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="074" direction="west" minutes="18.9" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-74.315">074°18.9'W</geoCoordinate>
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" 31 August 1991 (T.L. Erwin & M.G. Pogue)(NMNH: ADP051824, male).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="407" type="derivation of specific epithet">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="407">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="407" start="start">Derivation</pageBreakToken>
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of specific epithet.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="407">
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The epithet
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“amazonus”">
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"
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="407">amazonus</emphasis>
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"
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</normalizedToken>
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is a singular Latinized masculine noun in apposition, based on the name of the area in which these beetles were found.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="407" type="proposed english vernacular name">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="407">Proposed English vernacular name.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="407">Amazon Fast-walking Beetle.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="408" pageId="8" pageNumber="407" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="407">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="408" pageId="8" pageNumber="407">
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With the attributes of the subgenus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Clairville" authorityYear="1806" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Badister" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="407">Badister</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, as described by
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<bibRefCitation author="Ball, GE" pageId="12" pageNumber="411" refId="B1" refString="Ball, GE, 1959. A taxonomic study of the North American Licinini with notes on the Old World species of the Genus Diplocheila Brulle (Coleoptera). Memoirs of the American Entomological Society, 16, iv + 1-258." title="A taxonomic study of the North American Licinini with notes on the Old World species of the Genus Diplocheila Brulle (Coleoptera). Memoirs of the American Entomological Society, 16, iv + 1 - 258." year="1959">Ball (1959)</bibRefCitation>
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and as noted above, and large-sized for the genus (mean SBL more than 6.1 mm for both males and females of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Ball" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Badister" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="407">Badister amazonus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; mean SBL less than 5.9 mm for males and females of all other Western Hemisphere species samples). Adults with black head and elytra, the elytron with flavotestaceous base, sutural interneur, lateral margin, and epipleuron, and shiny throughout; prothorax and venter flavotestaceous; appendages testaceous. Microsculpture mesh pattern of head and pronotum isodiametric, sur
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<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="408" start="start">face</pageBreakToken>
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luster somewhat dull; of elytron, very finely etched transverse lines, surface shiny iridescent. Labial palpomere 3 (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Badister amazonus sp. n., dorsal aspect, female, ADP 051544; type locality. Head, including eyes, antennomeres 1 - 3, mouthparts, and anterior part of pronotum. Legend: a 3, antennomere 3; cl, clypeus; lb, labrum; lp 3, labial palpomere 3; mb, mandibular boss; mn, mandibular notch; mp 4, maxillary palpomere 4." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19731" pageId="9" pageNumber="408">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="408">lp3</emphasis>
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) swollen and triangulate (distal margin obliquely truncate) with a very small pointed knob at apex. Pronotum with lateral margin moderately explanate in anterior half, broadly so posteriorly. Male tarsomeres 1-3 (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Badister amazonus sp. n., dorsal aspect, female, ADP 051544; type locality. A. Scutellar region of elytra: (pss) parascutellar stria; B-C. Foreleg tarsomeres of male (ADP 051713); B. Dorsal aspect, C. ventral aspect; ats, articulo-seta; ta 1, ta 2, ta 3, tarsomeres 1 - 3." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19732" pageId="9" pageNumber="408">Fig. 3B, 3C</figureCitation>
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) slightly widened, with rows of adhesive vestiture on ventral surface narrow, confined to anterior half).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="410" pageId="9" pageNumber="408" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="408">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="408">
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Badister amazonus sp. n., female, ADP 051544; type locality. Habitus, dorsal aspect. ABL = 7.13 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19730" pageId="9" pageNumber="408">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Badister amazonus sp. n., dorsal aspect, female, ADP 051544; type locality. Head, including eyes, antennomeres 1 - 3, mouthparts, and anterior part of pronotum. Legend: a 3, antennomere 3; cl, clypeus; lb, labrum; lp 3, labial palpomere 3; mb, mandibular boss; mn, mandibular notch; mp 4, maxillary palpomere 4." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19731" pageId="9" pageNumber="408">2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Badister amazonus sp. n., dorsal aspect, female, ADP 051544; type locality. A. Scutellar region of elytra: (pss) parascutellar stria; B-C. Foreleg tarsomeres of male (ADP 051713); B. Dorsal aspect, C. ventral aspect; ats, articulo-seta; ta 1, ta 2, ta 3, tarsomeres 1 - 3." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19732" pageId="9" pageNumber="408">
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3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Badister amazonus sp. n., dorsal aspect, ADP 051543; type locality. Pygidial (defense) gland system, Legend: cc, collecting canal; ed, efferent duct; edbl, efferent duct, basal lobe; gldr, pygidial gland reservoir. Ovipositor sclerites, Legend: gc 1, gonocoxite 1; gc 2, gonocoxite 2; lt, laterotergite" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19733" pageId="9" pageNumber="408">4</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Badister amazonus sp. n., ADP 127149; type locality. Male genitalia, median lobe, and parameres, A - left lateral, B - dorsal, and C- right lateral aspects. Legend: a, apical area; bl, basal lobe; bo, basal orifice; lp, left paramere; ml, median lobe; om, ostial membrane; oo, ostial opening; par, preapical ridge; rp, right paramere; sh, shaft; ss, dorsal sclerotized strip." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19734" pageId="9" pageNumber="408">
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5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Badister amazonus sp. n. ADP 127151; type locality. Female genital tract. A. Ventral aspect, B. Dorsal aspect: Legend, b, base of gonocoxite 2; bl, blade of gonocoxite 2; des, dorsal ensiform seta; gc 1, gonocoxite 1; gc 2, gonocoxite 2; lt, laterotergite; ves, ventral ensiform setae. Ovipositor. C. Ventral aspect, D. Dorsal aspect: Legend, bc, bursa copulatrix; co, common oviduct; sg, spermathecal gland; sgd, spermathecal gland duct; sp, spermatheca. dorsal aspect; vc, villous canal." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19735" pageId="9" pageNumber="408">
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6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Distribution dot map for known localities of Badister amazonus sp. n .. along the rivers Samiria and Ucayali (★)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19736" pageId="9" pageNumber="408">7</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="408">Size</emphasis>
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: Moderately large for the subgenus; ABL = 6.2-7.9mm, SBL = 5.36-6.73mm, EW (maximum width) 2.55-3.43mm, LP = 0.97-1.22mm, WP = 1.71-1.91 mm, LE = 3.86-4.84mm.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="408">Color</emphasis>
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: See Diagnosis above.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="408">Luster</emphasis>
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: See Diagnosis above.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="408">Head</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Badister amazonus sp. n., dorsal aspect, female, ADP 051544; type locality. Head, including eyes, antennomeres 1 - 3, mouthparts, and anterior part of pronotum. Legend: a 3, antennomere 3; cl, clypeus; lb, labrum; lp 3, labial palpomere 3; mb, mandibular boss; mn, mandibular notch; mp 4, maxillary palpomere 4." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19731" pageId="9" pageNumber="408">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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): clypeus (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="408">cl</emphasis>
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) medially depressed, unisetose laterally, no clear demarcation from frons. Frons markedly depressed, apically with depression extended to eye carina, posteriorly somewhat concave with slight swellings medially raised to occiput; occiput shallowly domed; neck broad. Eye moderately convex; gena short and flat. Antennae and mouthparts typical for genus (see above for details).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="408">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="408">Prothorax. Pronotum</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Badister amazonus sp. n., female, ADP 051544; type locality. Habitus, dorsal aspect. ABL = 7.13 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19730" pageId="9" pageNumber="408">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Badister amazonus sp. n., dorsal aspect, female, ADP 051544; type locality. Head, including eyes, antennomeres 1 - 3, mouthparts, and anterior part of pronotum. Legend: a 3, antennomere 3; cl, clypeus; lb, labrum; lp 3, labial palpomere 3; mb, mandibular boss; mn, mandibular notch; mp 4, maxillary palpomere 4." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19731" pageId="9" pageNumber="408">2</figureCitation>
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) markedly broad, about twice as long as head (mean LP/LH: 1.683 for males, 1.846 for females), cordiform, margin narrowly explanate with seta at anterior third; base deeply and bilaterally depressed; hind angle slightly obtusely produced and setose; moderately broader than long (mean W/L: 1.71 for males, 1.91 for females); surface medially smooth, slightly rugose laterally medial to explanation.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="409">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="409" start="start">Pterothorax</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Normal for genus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="409">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">Elytra</emphasis>
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. Elytron about same width as head across eyes (mean WH/WE: 0.998 for both sexes), moderately convex, intervals moderately convex and slightly more so laterally, interval 3 bisetose with each setigerous puncture adherent to interneur 2.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="409">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">Hind wings</emphasis>
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. Macropterous.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="409">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">Legs.</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Badister amazonus sp. n., female, ADP 051544; type locality. Habitus, dorsal aspect. ABL = 7.13 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19730" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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). Overall, normal for subgenus. Male front tarsus (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Badister amazonus sp. n., dorsal aspect, female, ADP 051544; type locality. A. Scutellar region of elytra: (pss) parascutellar stria; B-C. Foreleg tarsomeres of male (ADP 051713); B. Dorsal aspect, C. ventral aspect; ats, articulo-seta; ta 1, ta 2, ta 3, tarsomeres 1 - 3." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19732" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">Fig. 3B, 3C</figureCitation>
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) with tarsomeres 1-3 slightly dilated and each ventrally (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Badister amazonus sp. n., dorsal aspect, female, ADP 051544; type locality. A. Scutellar region of elytra: (pss) parascutellar stria; B-C. Foreleg tarsomeres of male (ADP 051713); B. Dorsal aspect, C. ventral aspect; ats, articulo-seta; ta 1, ta 2, ta 3, tarsomeres 1 - 3." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19732" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
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) with 2-4 rows of white articulo-setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="409">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">Abdominal sterna</emphasis>
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with normal setation for genus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="409">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">Male genitalia</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Badister amazonus sp. n., ADP 127149; type locality. Male genitalia, median lobe, and parameres, A - left lateral, B - dorsal, and C- right lateral aspects. Legend: a, apical area; bl, basal lobe; bo, basal orifice; lp, left paramere; ml, median lobe; om, ostial membrane; oo, ostial opening; par, preapical ridge; rp, right paramere; sh, shaft; ss, dorsal sclerotized strip." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19734" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">
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Fig. 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–">A-</normalizedToken>
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5C
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</figureCitation>
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). Median lobe (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">ml</emphasis>
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) with basal lobe (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">bl</emphasis>
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) about half length of shaft (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">sh</emphasis>
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), basal opening (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">bo</emphasis>
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) large. Shaft slender, curved ventrally, dorsally membranous (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">om</emphasis>
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) except for two long sclerotized strips (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">ss</emphasis>
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) extended from basal lobe to ostial opening (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">oo</emphasis>
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); in ventral aspect tapered toward rather broadly rounded apex, preapically with prominent preapical ridge (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">par</emphasis>
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||
), in lateral aspect, ridge a prominently projected point. Parameres (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">lp, rp</emphasis>
|
||
)broad, apices subtruncate left paramere
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">(lp</emphasis>
|
||
) longer than right paramere (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">rp</emphasis>
|
||
) about three quarters length of shaft (measured in left lateral aspect). Internal sac with apical ring of rather densely distributed microtrichia, without preapical spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">Female genitalia.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Badister amazonus sp. n. ADP 127151; type locality. Female genital tract. A. Ventral aspect, B. Dorsal aspect: Legend, b, base of gonocoxite 2; bl, blade of gonocoxite 2; des, dorsal ensiform seta; gc 1, gonocoxite 1; gc 2, gonocoxite 2; lt, laterotergite; ves, ventral ensiform setae. Ovipositor. C. Ventral aspect, D. Dorsal aspect: Legend, bc, bursa copulatrix; co, common oviduct; sg, spermathecal gland; sgd, spermathecal gland duct; sp, spermatheca. dorsal aspect; vc, villous canal." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19735" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">
|
||
Fig. 6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ovipositor with broad laterotergite (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">lt</emphasis>
|
||
) and two gonocoxites (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">gc 1, gc 2</emphasis>
|
||
); gonocoxite 1 asetose; gonocoxite 2 falcate, base (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">b</emphasis>
|
||
) large, broad, blade (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">bl</emphasis>
|
||
) rather short, with two dorsal ensiform setae (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">des</emphasis>
|
||
), and one ventral ensiform seta (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">ves</emphasis>
|
||
), all ensiform setae short; without ventral preapical nematiform setae. Reproductive tract (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Badister amazonus sp. n. ADP 127151; type locality. Female genital tract. A. Ventral aspect, B. Dorsal aspect: Legend, b, base of gonocoxite 2; bl, blade of gonocoxite 2; des, dorsal ensiform seta; gc 1, gonocoxite 1; gc 2, gonocoxite 2; lt, laterotergite; ves, ventral ensiform setae. Ovipositor. C. Ventral aspect, D. Dorsal aspect: Legend, bc, bursa copulatrix; co, common oviduct; sg, spermathecal gland; sgd, spermathecal gland duct; sp, spermatheca. dorsal aspect; vc, villous canal." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19735" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">Fig. 6A, 6B</figureCitation>
|
||
) proximally with short, broad bursa copulatrix (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">bc</emphasis>
|
||
), continuous at its distal end with common oviduct (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">co</emphasis>
|
||
) and long spermatheca (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">sp</emphasis>
|
||
), latter coiled distally; villous canal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">vc</emphasis>
|
||
) extended from near base of spermatheca well up common oviduct; spermathecal gland (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">sg</emphasis>
|
||
) bulbous; spermathecal gland duct (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">sgd</emphasis>
|
||
) long, slender, attached to spermatheca at base of its coiled portion.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="409">
|
||
Markedly similar to homologous structures in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1880" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Badister" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reflexus" subGenus="Baudia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">Badister (Baudia) reflexus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
LeConte (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Will, KW" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="13" pageNumber="412" pagination="95 - 103" refId="B28" refString="Will, KW, 1998. A new species of Diplocheila Brulle from North America, with notes on female reproductive tract characters in selected Licinini and implications for evolution of the subgenus Isorembus Jeannel (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Licinini). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 100: 95 - 103" title="A new species of Diplocheila Brulle from North America, with notes on female reproductive tract characters in selected Licinini and implications for evolution of the subgenus Isorembus Jeannel (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Licinini)." volume="100" year="1998">Will 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 99, Fig. 8), which differ as follows: spermatheca with basal uncoiled portion more extensive; distal coiled portion short; spermathecal gland elongate digitiform.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">Classification.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ball, GE" pageId="12" pageNumber="411" refId="B1" refString="Ball, GE, 1959. A taxonomic study of the North American Licinini with notes on the Old World species of the Genus Diplocheila Brulle (Coleoptera). Memoirs of the American Entomological Society, 16, iv + 1-258." title="A taxonomic study of the North American Licinini with notes on the Old World species of the Genus Diplocheila Brulle (Coleoptera). Memoirs of the American Entomological Society, 16, iv + 1 - 258." year="1959">Ball (1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 194-195) arranged the species of subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Clairville" authorityYear="1806" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Badister" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">Badister</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in two
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“complexes”">"complexes"</normalizedToken>
|
||
characterized principally by features of the male genitalia and ovipositor gonocoxite 2. The combination of these features in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Ball" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Badister" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">Badister amazonus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
fits neither complex. Accordingly, we propose here the monobasic
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">amazonus</emphasis>
|
||
complex, characterized as follows: median lobe of male genitalia dorsally with two long sclerotized strips, internal sac without sclerotized plates or spines; gonocoxite 2 of ovipositor relatively broad basally, ensiform setae relatively short; nematiform setae absent. Additional diagnostic features are: male fore tarsomeres 1-3 (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Badister amazonus sp. n., dorsal aspect, female, ADP 051544; type locality. A. Scutellar region of elytra: (pss) parascutellar stria; B-C. Foreleg tarsomeres of male (ADP 051713); B. Dorsal aspect, C. ventral aspect; ats, articulo-seta; ta 1, ta 2, ta 3, tarsomeres 1 - 3." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19732" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
) relatively slender, not much wider than tarsomeres 1-3 of middle and hind tarsi, fore tarsomere 1 longer than wide, ventral adhesive setae (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Badister amazonus sp. n., dorsal aspect, female, ADP 051544; type locality. A. Scutellar region of elytra: (pss) parascutellar stria; B-C. Foreleg tarsomeres of male (ADP 051713); B. Dorsal aspect, C. ventral aspect; ats, articulo-seta; ta 1, ta 2, ta 3, tarsomeres 1 - 3." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19732" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
) concentrated in anterior half of each tarsomere.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">Dispersal potential</emphasis>
|
||
. These beetles are fully macropterous and are probably capable of flight; they are fast walkers. They also are climbers on grasses (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Paspalum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="409" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">Paspalum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="410" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="409">Way of life</emphasis>
|
||
. Adults are associated with water: in open grassy marshes, on beaches of black and white water rivers, and in forest swamps at the edges of standing black
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="410" start="start">water</pageBreakToken>
|
||
ponds in leaf litter on grey clay soil (Kaolin). They are active at night and take cover in the day among grass stems and under flood debris. They are active in May and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="August–September">August-September</normalizedToken>
|
||
; no teneral adults were encountered in these months.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="410">Other specimens examined</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Perú">Peru</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Loreto, SW bank of Rio Ucayali, 90m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="4.2089" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-4.2089">4.2089°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="73.3657" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-73.3657">73.3657°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 2 September 1991, (T.L. Erwin)(NMNH: ADP051862, female); Pacaya-Samiria National Reserve, Rio Samiria, Cocha Shinguito, 90m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="5.1775" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-5.1775">5.1775°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="74.6556" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-74.6556">74.6556°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 21 May 1990 (T.L. Erwin)(NMNH: ADP093676, 128618, females); 1.0 km SW boca del Rio Samiria, Vigilante Post 1, 130m, "
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="04" direction="south" minutes="40.5" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-4.675">04°40.5'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="074" direction="west" minutes="18.9" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-74.315">074°18.9'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
" 31 August 1991-1 November 1991 (G.E. Ball & D. Shpeley)(NMNH: ADP127151, female, 127149, male); 1.0 km SW boca del Rio Samiria, Vigilante Post 1, 130m, "
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="04" direction="south" minutes="40.5" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-4.675">04°40.5'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="074" direction="west" minutes="18.9" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-74.315">074°18.9'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
" 31 August 1991 (T.L. Erwin & M.G. Pogue)(NMNH: ADP051697, 051603, 051336, 051721, 051672, 051743, 051693, 051698, 051722, 051694, 051724, 051692, 051670, 051717, 051718, 051723, 050590, 050589, 050605, 051696, 051720 females and ADP051824, 051630, 051719, 051713, 051826, 051691, 051695 males); 1.0 km SW boca del Rio Samiria, Vigilante Post 1, 130m, "
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="04" direction="south" minutes="40.5" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-4.675">04°40.5'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="074" direction="west" minutes="18.9" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-74.315">074°18.9'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
" 31 August 1991 (T.L. Erwin)(NMNH: ADP051592, 051563, 051544, 051583, 051589, 051559, 051590, 051564, 051567, 051569, 051561, 051581, 051585, 051570, 051584, 051565, 051543 females and ADP051562, 051541, 051591, 051542, 051566, 051588, 051560, 051568 males).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="410">
|
||
Two males and 12 females at UASM with the following label data: /PERU Dpto. Loreto/ 1 km SW Boca del Rio/Samiria
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="04" direction="south" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="29" value="-4.674722">04°40'29"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-74.31528">74°18'55"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
130m/marsh, treading/31.VIII.& 1.IX.91 30-91//T. L. ERWIN EXP./Res. Pacaya-Samiria/G.E. Ball & D. Shpeley/collectors 1991//.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="410">Geographic distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Distribution dot map for known localities of Badister amazonus sp. n .. along the rivers Samiria and Ucayali (★)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/19736" pageId="11" pageNumber="410">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). This species is currently known from only three localities: two along the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Samiria, and one along the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Ucayali, Loreto Department,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Perú">Peru</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="410">Notes</emphasis>
|
||
. We are not presenting an analysis of variation in body proportions because this species can be separated from all other members of the genus without resorting to such attributes. In regard to the location (latitude/longitude) above for "1.0 km SW del boca Rio Samiria," Google Earth allows us now to refine what is given on the labels. The actual site is
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="4.686779" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-4.686779">4.686779°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="74.336711" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-74.33671">74.336711°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
at an elevation of 101m. Also, the female specimen from the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Ucayali was mistakenly labeled
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Río">"Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Amazonas." The river changes names in the vicinity of Iquitos,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Perú">Peru</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |