299 lines
38 KiB
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299 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.21.870" ID-GBIF-Dataset="024b6721-657c-469c-9bc5-2fb0fac4f884" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159359309" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-21-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFA3E36FB9245951FB58FF84FF913F2C" ID-Zenodo-Dep="574747" ID-ZooBank="AE1D69FBFB3A4ECFB3E08ED5B5E9AE5B" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1314-2607-21-1" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 21" ModsDocTitle="The genus Quartinia Ed. André, 1884 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Masarinae) in Southern Africa. Part IV. New and little known species with complete venation" checkinTime="1451252507017" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gess, Friedrich W." docDate="2011" docId="05800FB02D68B73E779A5DDCD4752801" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 21: 1-39" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 21" docPubDate="2011-03-10" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.21.870" docTitle="Quartinia vagepunctata von Schulthess" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="FFA3E36FB9245951FB58FF84FF913F2C" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="FFA3E36FB9245951FB58FF84FF913F2C" masterDocTitle="The genus Quartinia Ed. Andre, 1884 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Masarinae) in Southern Africa. Part IV. New and little known species with complete venation" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1643551472675" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The genus Quartinia Ed. Andre, 1884 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Masarinae) in Southern Africa. Part IV. New and little known species with complete venation</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Gess, Friedrich W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2011-03-10</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>21</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>39</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.21.870</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.21.870</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-21-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">AE1D69FBFB3A4ECFB3E08ED5B5E9AE5B</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFA3E36FB9245951FB58FF84FF913F2C</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">574747</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<subSection lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="taxonomy">
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159359309" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:05800FB02D68B73E779A5DDCD4752801" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/05800FB02D68B73E779A5DDCD4752801" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicName LSID="05800FB0-2D68-B73E-779A-5DDCD4752801" authority="von Schulthess" authorityName="von Schulthess" class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Quartinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quartinia vagepunctata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagepunctata">Quartinia vagepunctata von Schulthess</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 84–90" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 84 - 90. Quartinia vagepunctata 84 ♀, lateral view (x 11) 85 ♂, lateral view (x 12) 86 ♀, dorsal view (x 13) 87 ♂, dorsal view (x 12) 88 ♀, head, front view (x 17) 89 ♂, head, front view (x 16) 90 ♂, tergum VII, dorsal view (x 21)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11183" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 84-90</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Quartinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagepunctata">Quartinia vagepunctata</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Schulthess, A von" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History (10)" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="498 - 511" refId="B12" refString="Schulthess, A von, 1929. Contribution to the knowledge of African Masaridae (Vespoidea). Annals and Magazine of Natural History (10) 3: 498 - 511" title="Contribution to the knowledge of African Masaridae (Vespoidea)." volume="3" year="1929">von Schulthess 1929</bibRefCitation>
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: 504 (key), 507, female. Holotype: South Africa: Little Karroo (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">sic</emphasis>
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), 38 m[iles] E of Ceres (BMNH). -
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<bibRefCitation author="Schulthess, A von" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History (10)" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="383 - 390" refId="B13" refString="Schulthess, A von, 1935. Some more South African Masaridae (Vespoidea). Annals and Magazine of Natural History (10) 16: 383 - 390" title="Some more South African Masaridae (Vespoidea)." volume="16" year="1935">von Schulthess 1935</bibRefCitation>
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: 386 (key);
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<bibRefCitation author="Richards, OW" journalOrPublisher="British Museum (Natural History), London" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="B11" refString="Richards, OW, 1962. A revisional study of the masarid wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea). British Museum (Natural History), London, 294 pp." title="A revisional study of the masarid wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea)" year="1962">Richards 1962</bibRefCitation>
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: 132 (key), 169 (redescription of female);
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<bibRefCitation author="Gess, FW" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hymenoptera Research" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="145 - 155" refId="B7" refString="Gess, FW, Gess, SK, 1992. Ethology of three southern African ground nesting Masarinae, two Celonites species and a silk spinning Quartinia species, with a discussion of nesting by the subfamily as a whole (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 1: 145 - 155" title="Ethology of three southern African ground nesting Masarinae, two Celonites species and a silk spinning Quartinia species, with a discussion of nesting by the subfamily as a whole (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)." volume="1" year="1992">Gess and Gess 1992</bibRefCitation>
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(nesting);
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<bibRefCitation author="Gess, SK" journalOrPublisher="Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="B8" refString="Gess, SK, 1996. The Pollen Wasps: Ecology and Natural History of the Masarinae. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 340 pp." title="The Pollen Wasps: Ecology and Natural History of the Masarinae" year="1996">Gess 1996</bibRefCitation>
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(nesting, flower visiting);
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<bibRefCitation author="Carpenter, JM" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 39" refId="B3" refString="Carpenter, JM, 2001. Checklist of the subfamily Masarinae (Hymenoptera Vespidae. American Museum Novitates 3325: 1 - 39" title="Checklist of the subfamily Masarinae (Hymenoptera Vespidae." volume="3325" year="2001">Carpenter 2001</bibRefCitation>
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: 29 (listed);
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<bibRefCitation author="Gess, SK" journalOrPublisher="Department of Entomology, Albany Museum, Grahamstown" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="B9" refString="Gess, SK, Gess, FW, 2003. A catalogue of flower visiting records for aculeate wasps and bees in the semi-arid to arid areas of southern Africa. Department of Entomology, Albany Museum, Grahamstown, 529 pp." title="A catalogue of flower visiting records for aculeate wasps and bees in the semi-arid to arid areas of southern Africa" year="2003">Gess and Gess 2003</bibRefCitation>
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: 64 (flower visiting).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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Medium to large (3.6-5.0 mm). Fore wing with Cu1a and 2
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">m-cu</emphasis>
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complete and as thick as other veins. Both sexes with thorax and gaster shiny with fine punctures; scutellum markedly convex. Female with scutellum black with black lamella. Male with mandible black and tip ferruginous; labrum testaceous to black with white spot; clypeus black with white marking; antennal club ferruginous; frons medially on lower half with yellowish-white marking of variable size and shape; scutellum with pair of postero-medial white spots; sternumVII almost glabrous and apically with a few large, curved, golden setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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This common and widely distributed species shows a considerable variation in colour pattern within a population at any particular locality as well as, in some instances, consistent variations between populations from different localities. This is particularly evident in the males but applies to a lesser extent also to the females. In the descriptions below specimens from the population at 15 km N of Nieuwoudtville on the road to Loeriesfontein [Skuinshoogte Pass] are chosen as representing the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“norm”">"norm"</normalizedToken>
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for the following reasons: the females most closely accord with the redescription of females by
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<bibRefCitation author="Richards, OW" journalOrPublisher="British Museum (Natural History), London" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="B11" refString="Richards, OW, 1962. A revisional study of the masarid wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea). British Museum (Natural History), London, 294 pp." title="A revisional study of the masarid wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea)" year="1962">Richards (1962: 169)</bibRefCitation>
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; the sample size is large; females and males from the sample, submitted to Carpenter in1990 were determined by him as
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Quartinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagepunctata">Quartinia vagepunctata</taxonomicName>
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; and the locality is where the nesting was studied (
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<bibRefCitation author="Gess, FW" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hymenoptera Research" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="145 - 155" refId="B7" refString="Gess, FW, Gess, SK, 1992. Ethology of three southern African ground nesting Masarinae, two Celonites species and a silk spinning Quartinia species, with a discussion of nesting by the subfamily as a whole (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 1: 145 - 155" title="Ethology of three southern African ground nesting Masarinae, two Celonites species and a silk spinning Quartinia species, with a discussion of nesting by the subfamily as a whole (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)." volume="1" year="1992">Gess and Gess 1992</bibRefCitation>
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). Deviations from the characters as expressed in this population are noted, giving the localities at which the deviant specimens occurred.
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11183" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" start="Figures 84–90" startId="F14">
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<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="27" pageNumber="28" start="start">Figures</pageBreakToken>
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84-90.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Quartinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vagepunctata">Quartinia vagepunctata</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">84</emphasis>
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♀, lateral view (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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11)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">85</emphasis>
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♂, lateral view (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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12)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">86</emphasis>
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♀, dorsal view (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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13)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">87</emphasis>
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♂, dorsal view (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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12)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">88</emphasis>
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♀, head, front view (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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17)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">89</emphasis>
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♂, head, front view (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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16)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">90</emphasis>
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♂, tergum VII, dorsal view (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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21).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Female</emphasis>
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(previously described) (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 84–90" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 84 - 90. Quartinia vagepunctata 84 ♀, lateral view (x 11) 85 ♂, lateral view (x 12) 86 ♀, dorsal view (x 13) 87 ♂, dorsal view (x 12) 88 ♀, head, front view (x 17) 89 ♂, head, front view (x 16) 90 ♂, tergum VII, dorsal view (x 21)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11183" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 84, 86, 88</figureCitation>
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). The specimens from Skuinshoogte are in accord with the redescription of females by Richards. One of the localities from which Richards had material, "Doorn R. Falls", is the same as the presently recorded "Doringrivier N of Nieuwoudtville" and "Nieuwoudtville Falls, 5 km N of Nieuwoudtville" and is a mere seven kilometres in a direct line from the Skuinshoogte site.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">In contrast to typical females, females from N. of Annis River, in accord with the males from that locality, have the propodeal angles and the greater part of the gaster ferruginous. Females from 16 km S of Rosh Pinah in Namibia are of similar appearance. However, females from Springbok and Anenous are of intermediate coloration.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Male</emphasis>
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(hitherto undescribed) (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 84–90" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 84 - 90. Quartinia vagepunctata 84 ♀, lateral view (x 11) 85 ♂, lateral view (x 12) 86 ♀, dorsal view (x 13) 87 ♂, dorsal view (x 12) 88 ♀, head, front view (x 17) 89 ♂, head, front view (x 16) 90 ♂, tergum VII, dorsal view (x 21)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11183" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 85, 87, 89, 90</figureCitation>
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): Black. The following are yellowish-white: labrum (in part; in a few specimens from N. of Annis River only); marking of variable size and shape medially on clypeus (in specimens from Skuinshoogte covering all of disk except narrow testaceous distal margin and lateral parts below antennal insertions but in some reduced to an inverse triangle; in some specimens
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<pageBreakToken pageId="28" pageNumber="29" start="start">from</pageBreakToken>
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N of Annis River further reduced or totally absent); marking of variable size and form medially on lower half of frons (in specimens from Skuinshoogte wedge-, hour-glass- or mushroom-shaped, mostly but not always rising from clypeo-frontal suture; in specimens from N of Annis River varying from an upwardly widened, tri-pointed, crown-like shape extending to upper level of ocular sinus to, at its greatest reduction, a number of disorientated small spots); small streak (in some specimens ferruginous or totally effaced) margining bottom of ocular sinus; scape, pedicel and underside of proximal flagellomeres; pair of medially separated triangular markings on anterior margin of pronotum joined to or separated from marking of variable size on humeral angle; postero-dorsal angle; spot at top of mesopleuron; tegula anteriorly and posteriorly; pair of small spots (in some specimens fused, in others much reduced to totally absent) postero-medially on scutellum); scutellar lamella (in all specimens from N of Annis River; pale colour well developed, reduced or absent in specimens from Skuinshoogte); posterior bands (becoming progressively shorter and narrower) on terga I - VI; apex of femur, dorsal surface of tibia, proximal tarsomeres of all legs. The following are various shades of ferruginous: apical half of mandible; labrum (generally but see exception above); antero-lateral regions of clypeus (in some specimens only); distal flagellomeres (particularly on underside); tegula medially; propodeal angles (in specimens from N of Annis River, betw. Annis and Dabie Rivers, Springbok, Anenous, Klipfontein,Wildeperdehoek and Nuwerus but not or at most barely indicated in a few specimens from Skuinshoogte); lateral regions of terga I - VI including lateral extremities of posterior bands (to varying extent in specimens from Skuinshoogte; more extensive in specimens from N of Annis River and from betw. Annis and Dabie Rivers in which most of gaster is this colour); tergum VII; parameres; sterna (following trend of terga); distal tarsomeres of all legs.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Length 3.6-4.2 mm (average of 3: 4.0 mm; length of front wing 2.4-2.6 mm (average of 3: 2.5 mm); hamuli 5.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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NAMIBIA: 16 km S of Rosh Pinah (28.04S, 16.51E), 13.x.2000 (F.W. and S. K. Gess), 5 ♀♀ (4 ♀♀ visiting yellow fls with white bracts of
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Helichrysum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="herniarioides">Helichrysum herniarioides</taxonomicName>
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DC,
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<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
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; 1 ♀ visiting yellow fls of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Harv" authorityYear="1865" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Tripteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microcarpa">Tripteris microcarpa</taxonomicName>
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Harv.,
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<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
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); same locality, 14.x.2000 (F. W. and S. K. Gess), 1 ♀ (visiting yellow fls of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Harv" authorityYear="1865" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Tripteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microcarpa">Tripteris microcarpa</taxonomicName>
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); same locality, 15.x.2000 (F. W. and S. K. Gess), 4 ♀♀ (visiting yellow fls with white bracts of
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Helichrysum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="herniarioides">Helichrysum herniarioides</taxonomicName>
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) - [all AMG]. SOUTH AFRICA: NORTHERN CAPE: 24 km N of Annis River crossing by road to Sendelingsdrif (28.14S, 16.55E), 21.ix.1997 (F. W. and S. K. Gess), 65 ♀♀, 9 ♂♂ (visiting yellow fls with white bracts of
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Helichrysum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="herniarioides">Helichrysum herniarioides</taxonomicName>
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); on r[oa]d to Richtersveld N[ational] P[ark] bet. Annis and Dabie R[ivers] (28.20S, 16.55E), 19.ix.1997 (F. W. and S. K. Gess), 1 ♂ (visiting yellow fls of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Leysera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="tenella">Leysera tenella</taxonomicName>
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DC,
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<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
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); 12 Mi[les]W [of] Steinkopf [29.14S, 17.35E], 3.xi.1968 (J. G. Rozen and E. Martinex) 2 ♀♀ (det. J. M. Carpenter, 1986) [AMNH]; Namaqualand, Anenous (29.14S, 17.35E), 11-13.x.1988 (D. W. Gess), 1 ♀; same locality, 12.x.1989 (F. W. and S. K. Gess), 36 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂ (29 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂ visiting fls of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Leysera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="gnaphalodes">Leysera gnaphalodes</taxonomicName>
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(L.) L.,
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<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
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; 3 ♀♀ visiting minute yellow flowers of?
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Helichrysum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">Helichrysum</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 2 ♀♀
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="29" pageNumber="30" start="start">visiting</pageBreakToken>
|
||
fls of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cotula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">Cotula</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 1 ♀ visiting pink fls of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Galenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">Galenia</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Aizoaceae" lsidName="" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">Aizoaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
: non
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Mesembryanthema" lsidName="" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">Mesembryanthema</taxonomicName>
|
||
]; [Springbok], Hester Malan N[ature] R[eserve] [now Goegap Nature Reserve] (29.37S, 18.00E), 26.x.1985 (M. Struck), 3 ♀♀; Springbok, Hester Malan Nature Res[erve] [now Goegap Nature Reserve], 10-12.x.1988 (D. W. Gess), 1 ♂; Namaqualand, Springbok, Hester Malan Nature Res[erve] [now Goegap Nature Reserve], 10-11.x.1989 (F. W. Gess and S. K. Gess), 8 ♀♀, 1 ♂ (5 ♀♀ visiting fls of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Leysera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="gnaphalodes">Leysera gnaphalodes</taxonomicName>
|
||
); same locality and dates (D. W. Gess), 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂; Namaqualand, [Springbok], Goegap Nat[ure] Res[erve], Kraaiwater (29.38S, 18.00E), 29.ix.1997 (F. W. and S. K.Gess), 3 ♀♀ (visiting fls of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Leysera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="gnaphalodes">Leysera gnaphalodes</taxonomicName>
|
||
); same locality, 30.ix.1997 (F. W. and S. K. Gess), 1♀ (visiting fls of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Leysera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="gnaphalodes">Leysera gnaphalodes</taxonomicName>
|
||
); Namaqualand:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Voëlklip">Voelklip</normalizedToken>
|
||
(29.45S, 17.22E), 2 and 7.x.1994 (F. W. and S. K. Gess), 2 ♀♀ (1 ♀ on yellow fls
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Leysera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="tenella">Leysera tenella</taxonomicName>
|
||
); Namaqualand: Klipfontein (29.51S, 17.47E), 14.x.1989 (F. W. and S. K. Gess), 1 ♂ (visiting fls of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Lebeckia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="sericea">Lebeckia sericea</taxonomicName>
|
||
Thunb.,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
); Namaqualand: Narap (Narab), (29.53S, 17.46E), 14.x.1989 (F. W. and S. K. Gess), 5 ♀♀ (visiting fls of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Leysera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="gnaphalodes">Leysera gnaphalodes</taxonomicName>
|
||
); Namaqualand: W[estern] end of Wildeperdehoek Pass (29.56S, 17.38E), 14.x.1989 (F. W. and S. K. Gess) 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂ (visiting fls of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Oncosiphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suffruticosum">Oncosiphon suffruticosum</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Källersjö">Kaellersjoe</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 6-13 Mi[les] S [of] Mesklip [circa 29.57S, 17.54E], 21.x.1968 (J. G. Rozen and E. Martinez), l ♀ [AMNH]; 25 km N [of] Kamieskroon (30.01S, 17.53E), 17.x.2000 (F. W. and S. K. Gess), 6 ♀♀ (visiting yellow fls of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1763" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Leysera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">Leysera</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.); Namaqualand: Kamiesberg to Sors Sors (30.11S, 18.01E), 9.x.1997 (F. W. and S. K. Gess), 1 ♀ (visiting yellow fls of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Leysera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="gnaphalodes">Leysera gnaphalodes</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 15 km N of Nieuwoudtville on road to Loeriesfontein (bottom of Skuinshoogte Pass) (31.16S, 19.08E), 3-8.x.1989 (F. W. and S. K. Gess), 60 ♀♀, 40 ♂♂ (53 ♀♀, 27 ♂♂ visiting fls of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Rhynchopsidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumilum">Rhynchopsidium pumilum</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L. f.) DC,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 5 ♀♀, 5 ♂♂ visiting fls of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Senecio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">Senecio</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. probably
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">nivea</emphasis>
|
||
Less.,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 1 ♀, 6 ♂♂ visiting fls of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cotula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="leptalea">Cotula leptalea</taxonomicName>
|
||
DC,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 1 ♂ visiting fls of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Tripteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oppositifolia">Tripteris oppositifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Ait.) B. Nord.,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
); same locality and date (D. W. Gess and S. K. Gess), 2 ♀♀; same locality and date (D. W. Gess), 2 ♀♀, 1♂; same locality, 27.ix.1990 (F. W. and S. K. Gess), 66 ♀♀, 7 ♂♂ (18 ♀♀, 4 ♂♂ on yellow fls of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Rhynchopsidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumilum">Rhynchopsidium pumilum</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 38 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂ on yellow fls of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Oncosiphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suffuticosum">Oncosiphon suffuticosum</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 7 ♀♀, 1 ♂ on yellow fls of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cotula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">Cotula</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.; 2 ♀♀ in nesting area; 1 ♀ general); Doringrivier N of Nieuwoudtville (31.18S, 19.07E), 28.ix.1990 (C. Eardley), 22 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂ [SANC]; Nieuwoudtville Falls, 5 km N of Nieuwoudtville (31.19S, 19.07E), 28.ix.1990 (F. W. and S. K. Gess), 3 ♀♀ (on yellow fls of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Leysera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="gnaphalodes">Leysera gnaphalodes</taxonomicName>
|
||
); Calvinia (31.27S, 19.45E, 1050 m), 7.xii.1996 (J. Carpenter and A. Davidson), 1 ♀ (det. J. M. Carpenter) [AMNH]; Nieuwoudtville/Calvinia, 25km E of Nieuwoudtville (31.29S, 19.19E), 18.x.2000 (F. W. and S. K. Gess), 6 ♀♀ (5 ♀♀ visiting yellow fls of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Leysera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="gnaphalodes">Leysera gnaphalodes</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 1 ♀ visiting yellow fls of "
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Asteraceae" genus="Osteospermum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">Osteospermum</taxonomicName>
|
||
",
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). WESTERN CAPE: Nuwerus (31.08S, 18.22E), 17.x.2000 (F. W. and S. K. Gess), 1 ♀, 1 ♂ (visiting yellow fls
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Buccinidae" genus="Pentzia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sphaerocephala">Pentzia sphaerocephala</taxonomicName>
|
||
DC,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
); Knersvlakte, Farm Kaap se Drif (31.26S, 18.48E), 22.ix.1999 (M. Kuhlmann), 1 ♀, 1 ♂ [Kuhlmann Collection, London]. - [all AMG, unless otherwise indicated.]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="geographic distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Geographic distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
The species is common over an extensive area in the winter rainfall regions of southern Namibia and of the Northern Cape and the north
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="30" pageNumber="31" start="start">ern</pageBreakToken>
|
||
Western Cape provinces of South Africa. The collecting site in Namibia is located in the Desert and Succulent Steppe of
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Giess, W" journalOrPublisher="Dinteria" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 114" refId="B10" refString="Giess, W, 1971. A preliminary vegetation map of South West Africa. Dinteria 4: 1 - 114" title="A preliminary vegetation map of South West Africa." volume="4" year="1971">Giess (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; those in South Africa in the Namaqualand Broken Veld, the Succulent Karoo, the Mountain Renosterbosveld and the Western Mountain Karoo of
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Acocks, JPH" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Botanical Survey of South Africa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 192" refId="B2" refString="Acocks, JPH, 1953. Veld types of South Africa. Memoirs of the Botanical Survey of South Africa 29: 1 - 192" title="Veld types of South Africa" volume="29" year="1953">Acocks (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="floral associations">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Floral associations.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
Very markedly associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cotula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">Cotula</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Helichrysum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">Helichrysum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1763" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Leysera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">Leysera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="M.Kallersjo" authorityYear="1988" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Oncosiphon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Oncosiphon</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Buccinidae" genus="Pentzia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Pentzia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Rhynchopsidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Rhynchopsidium</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Senecio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">Senecio</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Tripteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Tripteris</taxonomicName>
|
||
). [Note:
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Rhynchopsidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumilum">Rhynchopsidium pumilum</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L. f.) DC was previously listed as
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Relhania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Relhania</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (Gess, S. K., 1996) or as
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Relhania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumila">Relhania pumila</taxonomicName>
|
||
Thunb. (Gess and Gess, 2003).]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="nesting">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Nesting.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Nest a subvertical silk-lined burrow in friable soil, surmounted by a sand and silk turret and having an excavated cell in which is a constructed sand and silk cell. (See: Gess and Gess, 1992; Gess, S. K., 1996: 108-111, 115).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</document> |