173 lines
19 KiB
XML
173 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="F575D60CFE8F1FD94A31D8B393A20EB5" ID-CLB-Dataset="28443" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.59.24461" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cd5bfd83-dd3d-4792-8e58-b4db2ab59601" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2305-2562-1-55" ID-ZooBank="BCA6F985BE5347C5B64D005DA0DD69BE" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="2305-2562-1-55" ModsDocOrigin="African Invertebrates 59 (1)" ModsDocTitle="A new species of Ischiodon Sack (Diptera, Syrphidae) from Madagascar" checkinTime="1552155266034" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Mengual, Ximo" docDate="2018" docId="5C15983C47562A289616C1262FEAD1E2" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvert 59(1): 55-73" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 59 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.59.24461" docTitle="Ischiodon aegyptius Wiedemann 1830" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="56" masterDocId="FFE0FFA3FFC2FFA4FFB2217A7F79FFAC" masterDocTitle="A new species of Ischiodon Sack (Diptera, Syrphidae) from Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="73" masterPageNumber="55" pageNumber="56" updateTime="1701380832606" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="FD8FD290DC3F5E490D21D953175D1D2B">A new species of Ischiodon Sack (Diptera, Syrphidae) from Madagascar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DC89ED7920EFF9318E1D288408BA20F8">Mengual, Ximo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="56125225D229E4A6B077B6ED44F9AFB1">African Invertebrates</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="37D186CF72ACE9A743F3CC840BBD623C">
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<mods:date id="547C3D01482F7CAAA24EEF89D71AEF3C">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="45A1E722673490F4FCE75716A10FB404">59</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DB404548C51CE73AA645B7A6683EC1D9">1</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="34CE549CF165C3F14381DF1F5F2E6573">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.59.24461</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="FC28F646C59A4CBB83C253DF5334DF1D">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="30A61533DDD6E15AE6D74D0FC9F2A96E" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.59.24461</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="5C15983C47562A289616C1262FEAD1E2" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154366242" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5C15983C47562A289616C1262FEAD1E2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5C15983C47562A289616C1262FEAD1E2" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<subSubSection id="DA3FAA866C6E1E37CBB515B520912183" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="241532C0E36475783AB1BC2CB4FAC896" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName id="F3C08F113244F639719AB79AADF2F6AA" ID-CoL="3Q3Z5" authority="Wiedemann, 1830" authorityName="Wiedemann" authorityYear="1830" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Ischiodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ischiodon aegyptius" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aegyptius">Ischiodon aegyptius (Wiedemann, 1830)</taxonomicName>
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Figure 1
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8F3BEA3F0171BD10738B3AFD8BCADB14" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="3A3E99570EF927861ADBB9FE69BFFECF" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName id="3B8D4F303622DD28DCAB83957FC6ECFF" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Musca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Musca nigra" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">Musca nigra</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="CF026231BE7E726C1618BBD2F7A15DA9" originalValue="Forsskål">Forsskal</normalizedToken>
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, 1775: xxiv. Type-locality: Egypt, Arabia. Type material most likely lost (not found in the digitised type collection of the ZMUC).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3651F53BDD4FE1C8F0C9B255D934481D" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName id="2E7E7E3115B7AB4B52DA8776C0F4C404" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Syrphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Syrphus aegyptius" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aegyptius">Syrphus aegyptius</taxonomicName>
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Wiedemann, 1830: 133. Type-locality: Eritrea and Ethiopia, as Abyssinia, here restricted. Lectotype ♂, SMF, here designated.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="61C43F704B2D2B129E81158A856EBBFB" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName id="1E579450BE661FEACB8FFAD873D2C42A" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Syrphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Syrphus senegalensis" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="senegalensis">Syrphus senegalensis</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="72721C648DF75641D225BA0533488943" originalValue="Guérin-Méneville">Guerin-Meneville</normalizedToken>
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, 1832: pl. 99. [Description in 1844: 545]. Type-locality: Senegal.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0FD5A6FE58AF6C0550EB042F1737B59E" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName id="8D561FA7EB24AF1782ADFEEDA19E4442" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Sphaerophoria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerophoria annulipes" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulipes">Sphaerophoria annulipes</taxonomicName>
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Macquart, 1842: 103. Type-locality: Egypt.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8300092C20089478D3161A4706D68F1C" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName id="3FC973E120CA90682F10E1A3FCDE104C" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Syrphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Syrphus longicornis" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">Syrphus longicornis</taxonomicName>
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Macquart, 1842: 154. Type-locality: South Africa.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="304206CA0CC044BCF97BEC7C7B51B2AB" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName id="CF528F7F3557B83EBDCC6AE110AB4AB5" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Syrphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Syrphus natalensis" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis">Syrphus natalensis</taxonomicName>
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Macquart, 1846: 262 (134). Type-locality: South Africa, 'Port
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<normalizedToken id="1AEBA12159E614900C82824DA3A61489" originalValue="Natal’">Natal'</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="425B596552F336D74D3BC56569AAEBDE" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName id="7E204113173010FF4D7069CCAFE78D9C" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Syrphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Syrphus felix" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="felix">Syrphus felix</taxonomicName>
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Walker, 1852: 229. Type-locality: Canary Is.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5D0C6892A694E7C8F762A2C5F420F8E9" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName id="4A398C84D45EF45A69448202A4834C0E" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Syrphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Syrphus brachypterus" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachypterus">Syrphus brachypterus</taxonomicName>
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Thomson, 1869: 496. Type-locality: Madeira.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A0561F2732AB80C4EC2472C909705BDF" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName id="40AF504AE1D1E482848838DD9EBD7349" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Sphaerophoria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerophoria pyrrura" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrrura">Sphaerophoria pyrrura</taxonomicName>
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Bigot, 1884: 99. Type-locality: Senegal.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EBBD007DD0940077561F914944136BF2" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName id="10E72AB3A29B8576B5B742B464604BF7" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Sphaerophoria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerophoria borbonica" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borbonica">Sphaerophoria borbonica</taxonomicName>
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Bigot, 1884: 100. Type-locality:
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<normalizedToken id="EBF2CFC0DA8C62D9BB13732D01C876D7" originalValue="Réunion">Reunion</normalizedToken>
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Is.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="61857DB37F41A445419A850A0982A6B3" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName id="DFDA9F1D2F38D637B1C3101640069B73" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Xanthogramma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xanthogramma catalonicum" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catalonicum">Xanthogramma catalonicum</taxonomicName>
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Andreu, 1926: 110. Type-locality: Spain: Prov. Barcelona, Moya.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="29F38AE71A7A918A87C5FCFBE96F4152" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="differential diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="5B4E7B3D5CC4AA1207599B10B0520509" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="989F0909F4245229BED8782FF06C1CD9" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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Very common species in the Afrotropical region with yellow markings on abdomen reaching the lateral margins (Fig. 1A, C). Males of
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<taxonomicName id="1F5DB666580CC9C3349BDF94545717F3" lsidName="I. aegyptius" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="aegyptius">I. aegyptius</taxonomicName>
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have metatrochanters with a long calcar (Fig. 1E) (short calcar in
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<taxonomicName id="406C3A1B088DBFDA27B36FC268983261" lsidName="I. scutellaris" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="scutellaris">I. scutellaris</taxonomicName>
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) and the claws of the fore leg are asymmetrical (as in Fig. 5F) (males of
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<taxonomicName id="EE70348889E1E5235DF310E4293B10D5" lsidName="I. feae" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="feae">I. feae</taxonomicName>
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also have asymmetrical claws but they do not have a calcar on the metatrochanters). The male genitalia are quite unique with a trilobed surstyli (Fig. 1F). Females are very difficult to distinguish from females of
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<taxonomicName id="642E873205F001694433740C0F1710E1" lsidName="I. scutellaris" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="scutellaris">I. scutellaris</taxonomicName>
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as the pattern of tergite 2, very often used to distinguish them (
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<bibRefCitation id="A49196F5A6DBBDA4A267D3FFC368C0B3" author="Sack, P" journalOrPublisher="Schweizerbart, Stuttgart" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" title="Syrphidae. In: Lindner E (Ed.) Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region, IV / 6." year="1932">Sack 1932</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="33C601A63788CD269CF9953548977310" author="Huang, C" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Neijing" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" title="Diptera: Syrphidae. Fauna Sinica, Insecta vol. 50." year="2012">Huang and Cheng 2012</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="84655A2D63522611BCE469B098D20FDE" author="Speight, MCD" journalOrPublisher="Syrph the Net publications, Dublin" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" title="StN keys for the identification of the European species of various genera of Syrphidae 2017. Syrph the Net, the database of European Syrphidae (Diptera), Vol. 99." year="2017">Speight and Sarthou 2017</bibRefCitation>
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), is variable. At this moment, conspecific males, DNA barcodes and/or collecting locality may help to distinguish them.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="FE8C46AEFFAD3A450E87E209A9549C6A" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<paragraph id="8FC3C513E945864D57AC441020B87CE7" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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Figure 1.
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<taxonomicName id="AB3365AB1ECFD85E39CC1F816A745D25" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Ischiodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ischiodon aegyptius" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aegyptius">Ischiodon aegyptius</taxonomicName>
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(Wiedemann), male ZFMK-DIP-00012424: A Habitus, lateral view B Frontal view C Habitus, dorsal view D Labels E Metacoxa, metatrochanter and metafemur, lateral view F Male genitalia, lateral view (from
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<bibRefCitation id="389ABAEB744D98818E3CB61228A8BDBE" author="Claussen, C" journalOrPublisher="Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" pagination="71 - 86" title="Zur Syrphidenfauna der Kapverden (Insecta: Diptera: Syrphidae)." volume="95" year="1987">Claussen and Barkemeyer 1987</bibRefCitation>
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). Scale bars: 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1B03F7B5CCCB9A770D927925D2103C4C" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="345BE4FABCC6F0B8931C52A8D9A2D19B" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Geographical distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="46719F7A90EF0BDA8A0A9C239BA81FD5" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">African continent and archipelagos, southern Europe, Israel and Arabian Peninsula.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EF664146EBFBCAD1F42E40AA0FEC5F8C" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="type-locality">
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<paragraph id="308293FB3218138F46DC1D3DA1CE2E10" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Type-locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="985E0875F8F4145581A061098B7CE701" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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<bibRefCitation id="8D6638EFC959C2BD9BC6D2AAA136BE11" author="Wiedemann, CRW" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.14603" year="1830">Wiedemann (1830)</bibRefCitation>
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studied an unknown number of specimens from Egypt and Nubia (currently divided into Egypt and Sudan). All the syntypes present in the ZMF collection, collected by
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<normalizedToken id="9B6856A2AECFC690D4D37B2415C001F8" originalValue="Rüppell">Rueppell</normalizedToken>
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with original handwritten labels, were collected from Abyssinia, a historical region in northern Ethiopia and southern Eritrea, although sometimes east Sudan is also considered part of this kingdom. Thus, the type-locality is here restricted to Eritrea and Ethiopia based on the lectotype designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="75A97A9EBF5E6D78A5B51F58B9A40DF6" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="B90143B6D62875BB3B269914204B919B" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DA8F6AF1EC448567232008B7BF097C78" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">More than 300 specimens from UAE, Israel, Cyprus, Morocco, Canary Islands, Madagascar, Kenya, The Gambia, Central African Republic, Zimbabwe and South Africa.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2687857CCD93D6DF3AD97908EBADA729" pageId="1" pageNumber="56" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="B154E862CFC96395085D1FB806A04531" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A5111266CE810E479212C95D57A4D8F7" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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Amongst the syntypes, deposited at the Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum (SMF, Frankfurt am Main, Germany), there is a pinned male labelled "Abyssinia // Dr..
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<normalizedToken id="8C931A5AB4E600CF8F983F965B22AA1F" originalValue="Rüppell.”">Rueppell."</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="65821543FBF2D925420181318C1BC073" originalValue="“289”">"289"</normalizedToken>
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[green] "Ischiodon // aegyptius Wd" "Lecto- // Typus" [red] "Dipt. // 300" [reverse] "LECTOTYPE // Ischiodon // aegyptius // det. X. Mengual 2017" [red, second and third lines handwritten]. This specimen is here designated lectotype to fix and ensure the universal and consistent interpretation of the name. The other syntypes, a male and a female without head, have been labelled as paralectotypes: "Abyssinia // Dr..
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<normalizedToken id="254BB11A52505951909AB56C8AB9AC15" originalValue="Rüppell.”">Rueppell."</normalizedToken>
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"Ischiodon // aegyptius Wd" "Para- // typoid" [red] "Dipt. // 300" [reverse] "PARALECTOTYPE // Ischiodon // aegyptius // det. X. Mengual 2017" [yellow].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1A51835193E41DFC580B6D52D5A55AF2" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">
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Some authors (
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<bibRefCitation id="F93D45B9FAE59EA18C34CE9EC6A0C90E" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Huang et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="A00CB03558157C70E6494EC1649A933F" author="Huang, C" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Neijing" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" title="Diptera: Syrphidae. Fauna Sinica, Insecta vol. 50." year="2012">Huang and Cheng 2012</bibRefCitation>
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) reported specimens identified as I. aegyptius from China, with a complete overlapping distribution inside this country with I. scutellaris (see
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<bibRefCitation id="4BC42309F5FF6EF7B0AC5777F4B19A4D" author="Huang, C" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Neijing" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" title="Diptera: Syrphidae. Fauna Sinica, Insecta vol. 50." year="2012">Huang and Cheng 2012</bibRefCitation>
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). In the
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<normalizedToken id="1E65BEAC14B6599127EF815B50F00135" originalValue="author’s">author's</normalizedToken>
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opinion, only I. scutellaris occurs in China and these specimens are misidentifications when the pattern of the tergite 2 is used in females for identification. These works (
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<bibRefCitation id="8057C747B22608E5EB0A0077FD3BB5D4" pageId="1" pageNumber="56">Huang et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="ED149460078E81799FCFD61B87FFF672" author="Huang, C" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Neijing" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" title="Diptera: Syrphidae. Fauna Sinica, Insecta vol. 50." year="2012">Huang and Cheng 2012</bibRefCitation>
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) do not specify if there are males of I. aegyptius amongst the studied material, which could be used to corroborate the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="858C6A2F2D5FD2D05C107BE055DD9129" originalValue="author’s">author's</normalizedToken>
|
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opinion.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
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</document> |