197 lines
16 KiB
XML
197 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.808.29679" ID-GBIF-Dataset="69464fb4-c580-46bc-9df2-fd892bb77d09" ID-PMC="PMC6305770" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-808-123" ID-PubMed="30598610" ID-ZBK="738D225C84B94E64AD0DFD0D46531B46" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-808-123" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 808" ModsDocTitle="A taxonomic revision and molecular phylogeny of the eastern Palearctic species of the genera Schizomyia Kieffer and Asteralobia Kovalev (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae, Asphondyliini), with descriptions of five new species of Schizomyia from Japan" checkinTime="1545315470624" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Elsayed, Ayman Khamis, Yukawa, Junichi & Tokuda, Makoto" docDate="2018" docId="29F2FFF32C06607C5D356098867399CF" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 808: 123-160" docOrigin="ZooKeys 808" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.808.29679" docTitle="Schizomyia usubai Elsayed & Tokuda, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="ACDD6BD7-7BAD-4330-8A79-03066DACA3F1" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="134" masterDocId="FF88A4536750EA7A8332FFA4FFFC1E15" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision and molecular phylogeny of the eastern Palearctic species of the genera Schizomyia Kieffer and Asteralobia Kovalev (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae, Asphondyliini), with descriptions of five new species of Schizomyia from Japan" masterLastPageNumber="160" masterPageNumber="123" pageNumber="132" updateTime="1668166613058" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A taxonomic revision and molecular phylogeny of the eastern Palearctic species of the genera Schizomyia Kieffer and Asteralobia Kovalev (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae, Asphondyliini), with descriptions of five new species of Schizomyia from Japan</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Elsayed, Ayman Khamis</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Yukawa, Junichi</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tokuda, Makoto</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>808</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>123</mods:start>
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<mods:end>160</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.808.29679</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.808.29679</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-808-123</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">738D225C84B94E64AD0DFD0D46531B46</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">738D225C84B94E64AD0DFD0D46531B46</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="154126613" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:ACDD6BD7-7BAD-4330-8A79-03066DACA3F1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/29F2FFF32C06607C5D356098867399CF" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="9" pageNumber="132">
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="132" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="132">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/ACDD6BD7-7BAD-4330-8A79-03066DACA3F1" authority="Elsayed & Tokuda" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Schizomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schizomyia usubai" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="usubai">Schizomyia usubai Elsayed & Tokuda</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="9" pageNumber="132">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 43-49, 50-55; Table S2
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="133" type="characters">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="133">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="133" start="start">Characters</pageBreakToken>
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as in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. achyranthesae" pageId="10" pageNumber="133" rank="species" species="achyranthesae">S. achyranthesae</taxonomicName>
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except for the following:
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="133" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="133">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="133">The species name, usubai, honors the late Mr Shigeshi Usuba who reared adults of this species for the first time.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="133" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="133">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="133">
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Holotype: 1♂ (KUEC): reared by A. K. Elsayed from a larva obtained from a fruit gall on
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. asiaticum" pageId="10" pageNumber="133" rank="species" species="asiaticum">T. asiaticum</taxonomicName>
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, collected from Torinosu, Tanabe City, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan, I. Matoba leg., emerged on 22.v.2017. Paratypes: All paratypes were reared from fruit galls on
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. asiaticum" pageId="10" pageNumber="133" rank="species" species="asiaticum">T. asiaticum</taxonomicName>
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in Japan. 4 larvae: collected from Mount Takakuma, Kagoshima Prefecture in 1969, J. Yukawa leg.; 4 larvae: galls collected from Imuta Lake-side, Kedouin, Satsuma-sendai City, Kagoshima Prefecture on 2.xi.1978, S. Sako leg.; 4 pupal exuviae, 2♂, 2♀: collected from Torinosu, Tanabe City, Wakayama Prefecture, I. Matoba leg., reared by A. K. Elsayed, emerged on 18.v.2017; 2 pupal exuviae, 1♀, 2♂: same data as holotype.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="133" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="133">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="133">
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Head (Fig. 43): Compound eyes separated on vertex by a diameter of 0.0-0.5 facets. Fronto-clypeal setae 15-16 setae (n = 4). Palpus: first segment ca 53.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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, second about as long as the first, third 1.6 as long as the second, fourth 1.4 as long as the third.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="10" pageNumber="133">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="133">
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Figures 43-49.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Schizomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schizomyia usubai" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="usubai">Schizomyia usubai</taxonomicName>
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. 43 Head 44 Ventral view of female flagellomere V 45 Ventral view of male flagellomere V 46 Wing 47 Tarsomere V and acromere 48 Terminal part of female abdomen 49 Ovipositor apex. Scale bars: 50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(44, 45, 47, 49), 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(43, 46, 48).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="133">Thorax: Wing (Fig. 46) length 2.03-2.34 mm (n = 4) in female, 1.80-1.95 mm (n = 3) in male. Empodia as long as claws (Fig. 47). Anepimeral setae 10-20 (n = 4); mesanepisternum scales 17-40 (n = 4); lateral scutum setae 19-27 (n = 4). Lengths of leg segments as in Suppl. material 1: Table S2.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="133">Female abdomen (Figs 48, 49): Sternite VII about 2.6 times as long as preceding. Ovipositor: protrusible needle-like portion about 4.5 as long as sternite VII.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="133">Male abdomen: Terminalia (Fig. 50): Gonocoxite with developed, pointed apical lobe extending beyond gonostylus.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="10" pageNumber="133">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="133">
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Figure 50-55.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Schizomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schizomyia usubai" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="usubai">Schizomyia usubai</taxonomicName>
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. 50 Male terminalia 51 Larval spatula 52 Larval anus 53 Terminal larval segments dorsally 54 Ventral view of pupal head 55 Pupal prothoracic spiracle. Scale bars: 50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(50-53), 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(54, 55).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="133">Mature larva: Sternal spatula (Fig. 51) with posterior portion about 3.5 times as wide as the base of the anterior free portion. Anus with branched opening (Fig. 52).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="133">
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Pupa (Figs 54, 55): Prothoracic spiracle 250-350
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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long (n = 6).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="133" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="133">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="133">
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Japan: The Izu Islands (
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<bibRefCitation author="Tokuda, M" journalOrPublisher="Esakia" pageId="25" pageNumber="148" pagination="59 - 66" title="Insect galls found on Miyakejima and Hachijojima Islands, the Izu Islands, Tokyo, Japan." volume="52" year="2012 b">Tokuda et al. 2012b</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Tokuda, M" journalOrPublisher="Makunagi, Acta Dipterologica" pageId="25" pageNumber="148" pagination="1 - 16" title="Insect galls found on Ohshima, Kozushima and Niijima Islands, the Izu Islands, Tokyo, Japan." volume="25" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
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, Tokuda and Kawauchi 2013) Honshu, and Kyushu (
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<bibRefCitation author="Yukawa, J" journalOrPublisher="Zenkoku Noson Kyoiku Kyokai, Tokyo" pageId="25" pageNumber="148" title="Insect and mite galls in Japan in color." year="1996">Yukawa and Masuda 1996</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="134" type="gall and life history">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="134">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="134" start="start">Gall</pageBreakToken>
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and life history.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="134">
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The normal fruit of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Trachelospermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Trachelospermum asiaticum" order="Gentianales" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="asiaticum">Trachelospermum asiaticum</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName family="Apocynaceae" lsidName="Schizomyiina" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" rank="family">Apocynaceae</taxonomicName>
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) is V-shaped, consisting of a pair of very long and thin seed pods. When the fruits are galled by
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. usubai" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" rank="species" species="usubai">S. usubai</taxonomicName>
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, the apical parts of the fruit become fused and swollen, more or less cat-bell shaped (Fig. 3), about 12-18 mm in diameter and 27 mm in length [Gall No. D-033 in
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<bibRefCitation author="Yukawa, J" journalOrPublisher="Zenkoku Noson Kyoiku Kyokai, Tokyo" pageId="25" pageNumber="148" title="Insect and mite galls in Japan in color." year="1996">Yukawa and Masuda (1996)</bibRefCitation>
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]. Each gall consists of 10-25 chambers and each chamber contains 10-25 larvae. Galls mature between late September and October and the larvae depart from galls to overwinter in soil. The adults of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. usubai" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" rank="species" species="usubai">S. usubai</taxonomicName>
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emerge between late April and July (
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<bibRefCitation author="Yukawa, J" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University" pageId="25" pageNumber="148" pagination="93 - 101" title="New midge galls from Kyushu." volume="14" year="1978">Yukawa 1978</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Yukawa, J" journalOrPublisher="Zenkoku Noson Kyoiku Kyokai, Tokyo" pageId="25" pageNumber="148" title="Insect and mite galls in Japan in color." year="1996">Yukawa and Masuda 1996</bibRefCitation>
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; present study). Similar galls probably induced by this species were found on
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<taxonomicName authority="Hook. f." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Trachelospermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Trachelospermum gracilipes var. kiukiuense" order="Gentianales" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="gracilipes" variety="kiukiuense">Trachelospermum gracilipes Hook. f. var. kiukiuense</taxonomicName>
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(Hatus.) Kitam. on Tanegashima Island (
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<bibRefCitation author="Yukawa, J" journalOrPublisher="Satsuma" pageId="25" pageNumber="148" pagination="48 - 61" title="Cecidomyiid galls found on Tanegashima Island." volume="150" year="2013">Yukawa et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="134" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="134">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="134">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Schizomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schizomyia usubai" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="usubai">Schizomyia usubai</taxonomicName>
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is close to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. asteris" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" rank="species" species="asteris">S. asteris</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. achyranthesae" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" rank="species" species="achyranthesae">S. achyranthesae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. diplocyclosae" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" rank="species" species="diplocyclosae">S. diplocyclosae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. castanopsisae" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" rank="species" species="castanopsisae">S. castanopsisae</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Schizomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schizomyia usubai" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="usubai">Schizomyia usubai</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. asteris" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" rank="species" species="asteris">S. asteris</taxonomicName>
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by a shorter ovipositor (protrusible needle-like portion about 4.5 times as long as sternite VII, while 5.5 times in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. asteris" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" rank="species" species="asteris">S. asteris</taxonomicName>
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), longer empodia, and the presence of dorsal setae on gonostyli; from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. achyranthesae" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" rank="species" species="achyranthesae">S. achyranthesae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. diplocyclosae" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" rank="species" species="diplocyclosae">S. diplocyclosae</taxonomicName>
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by a longer ovipositor (four and three times as long as sternite VII in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. achyranthesae" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" rank="species" species="achyranthesae">S. achyranthesae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. diplocyclosae" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" rank="species" species="diplocyclosae">S. diplocyclosae</taxonomicName>
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, respectively), longer empodia, and branched opening of the larval anus. In addition, larva of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. usubai" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" rank="species" species="usubai">S. usubai</taxonomicName>
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has four anal papillae, but two in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. diplocyclosae" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" rank="species" species="diplocyclosae">S. diplocyclosae</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Schizomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schizomyia castanopsisae" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsisae">Schizomyia castanopsisae</taxonomicName>
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is very similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. usubai" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" rank="species" species="usubai">S. usubai</taxonomicName>
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, but can be separated by a shorter ovipositor (protrusible needle-like portion about 3.3 times as long as sternite VII, while 4.5 times in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. usubai" pageId="11" pageNumber="134" rank="species" species="usubai">S. usubai</taxonomicName>
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), longer empodia, and less compressed circumfila of female flagellomeres.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |