261 lines
35 KiB
XML
261 lines
35 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="7981660D4971CF127EFFF5BED39EB02C">Systematic affinities of Zygophylacidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Macrocolonia) with descriptions of 15 deep-sea species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4B04A6323699784EE85C4F37463F4F2C">Gu, Zhangjie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="25C0132D8C1B1DC204C555108A30B70F">Ruthensteiner, Bernhard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4C3FA75FFF7957BF1E4D0D14FF44A980">Moura, Carlos J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E21F0E53F3178D9FC1174E423F576128">Liu, Lihua</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="40D70759CDCC6AEE5A38730C1CF9EF70">Zhang, Rui</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D5771D1F8378319BEF9AB08FE32B4751">Song, Xikun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="604FE2FE4B65F0A5A6B36FB1F45CD1AD">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="A84063139ABD6A9121321DE9F470833B">Zool. J. Linn. Soc.</mods:title>
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<treatment id="B4128A32FF9EFFA7BCC0FBEFFE5DFE22" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7043599" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199898713" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7043599" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B4128A32FF9EFFA7BCC0FBEFFE5DFE22" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B4128A32FF9EFFA7BCC0FBEFFE5DFE22" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">
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<subSubSection id="74A168AFFF9EFFA2BCC0FBEFFADBFBAD" box="[896,1337,1079,1104]" pageId="11" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3C043B24FF9EFFA2BCC0FBEFFADBFBAD" blockId="11.[896,1337,1079,1104]" box="[896,1337,1079,1104]" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">
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<heading id="674C8C48FF9EFFA2BCC0FBEFFADBFBAD" box="[896,1337,1079,1104]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="63" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="FBBB40A7FF9EFFA2BCC0FBEFFADBFBAD" ID-CoL="7GGXQ" authority="BILLARD, 1905" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1905" box="[896,1337,1079,1104]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Zygophylacidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="biarmata">
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<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF9EFFA2BCC0FBEFFB68FBB2" box="[896,1162,1083,1103]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">ZYGOPHYLAX BIARMATA</emphasis>
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BILLARD, 1905
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="74A168AFFF9EFFA2BB72FB8AFB65FB8A" box="[1074,1159,1118,1143]" pageId="11" pageNumber="63" type="description">
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<paragraph id="3C043B24FF9EFFA2BB72FB8AFB65FB8A" blockId="11.[1074,1159,1118,1143]" box="[1074,1159,1118,1143]" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">
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(
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<figureCitation id="A48027A1FF9EFFA2BB7BFB8AFB9DFB8A" box="[1083,1151,1118,1143]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[145,224,1600,1622]" captionTargetBox="[225,1345,858,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-198@13.[225,1345,858,1560]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Zygophylax biarmata Billard, 1905. A, two colonies; B, hydrocaulus with coppinia; C, hydrothecal arrangement along a hydrocladium; D, an axillary hydrotheca (arrow); E, a hydrotheca with diaphragm (left arrow) and basal nematotheca (right arrow); F, magnification of a nematotheca; G, distal part of a hydrotheca showing multiple renovations. From samples: A–G: ZSM 20220294, Gulf of Cadiz. A, B, D, E, light microscope images; C, F, G, SEM images. Scale bars: A, B = 2 mm; C = 200 µm; D = 500 µm; E = 100 µm; F, G = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035335/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">FIG. 7</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="74A168AFFF9EFFA2BC69FB5CFB3EFB47" pageId="11" pageNumber="63" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="3C043B24FF9EFFA2BC69FB5CFB3EFB47" blockId="11.[809,1424,1158,1211]" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="1CAB1C0AFF9EFFA2BC69FB5CFB3EFB47" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">
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<treatmentCitation id="BD1A1D35FF9EFFA2BC69FB5CFA6EFB61" author="Ramil F & Vervoort W" box="[809,1420,1158,1180]" page="65" pageId="11" pageNumber="63" year="1992">
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<taxonomicName id="FBBB40A7FF9EFFA2BC69FB5CFA6EFB61" ID-CoL="7GGXQ" authority=": Ramil & Vervoort, 1992: 59 - 65" authorityName="Ramil & Vervoort" authorityPageNumber="59 - 65" authorityYear="1992" box="[809,1420,1158,1180]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Zygophylacidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="biarmata">
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<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF9EFFA2BC69FB5CFBE5FB66" box="[809,1031,1160,1179]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">Zygophylax biarmata</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="582A46D5FF9EFFA2BB56FB52FA6EFB61" author="Ramil F & Vervoort W" box="[1046,1420,1158,1180]" pageId="11" pageNumber="63" pagination="3 - 262" refId="ref21982" refString="Ramil F, Vervoort W. 1992. Report on the Hydroida collected by the ' BALGIM' expedition in and around the Strait of Gibraltar. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden 277: 3 - 262." type="journal article" year="1992">Ramil & Vervoort, 1992: 59–65</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, figs 11e–h, 12a–i, 13e, f (synonymy).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="74A168AFFF9EFFA7BC69FB0AFE5DFE22" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="11" pageNumber="63" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="3C043B24FF9EFFA2BC69FB0AFC94FAED" blockId="11.[809,1424,1244,1296]" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">
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<materialsCitation id="8CD33179FF9EFFA2BC69FB0AFA69FB0F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3897139304" box="[809,1419,1244,1266]" location="Atlantic" municipality="Biscay" pageId="11" pageNumber="63" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bay" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF9EFFA2BC69FB0AFC5DFB0C" box="[809,959,1246,1265]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">
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<typeStatus id="E3008586FF9EFFA2BC69FB0AFCB9FB0D" box="[809,859,1246,1264]" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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</emphasis>
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||
<collectingRegion id="FE7FF5C6FF9EFFA2BC8EFB08FC1CFB0C" box="[974,1022,1244,1265]" country="Somalia" name="Bay" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">Bay</collectingRegion>
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of
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<collectingMunicipality id="DC60A15EFF9EFFA2BB6DFB08FB62FB0F" box="[1069,1152,1244,1266]" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">Biscay</collectingMunicipality>
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, north-east
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<location id="39646DFFFF9EFFA2BA62FB08FA69FB0F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B4128A32FF9EFFA7BCC0FBEFFE5DFE22:39646DFFFF9EFFA2BA62FB08FA69FB0F" box="[1314,1419,1244,1266]" municipality="Biscay" name="Atlantic" pageId="11" pageNumber="63" stateProvince="Bay">Atlantic</location>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<specimenCount id="2ABDF0ADFF9EFFA2BC69FB2FFC94FAED" box="[809,886,1275,1296]" pageId="11" pageNumber="63" type="generic">
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<quantity id="FB4396C1FF9EFFA2BC69FB2FFC90FAED" box="[809,882,1275,1296]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.11" pageId="11" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="411.0">411 m</quantity>
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.
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</specimenCount>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3C043B24FF9EFFA2BC69FAE3FBC5FA74" blockId="11.[809,1425,1334,1418]" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF9EFFA2BC69FAE3FBA3FAB6" box="[809,1089,1334,1356]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">Specimens examined:</emphasis>
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Three colonies from the Gulf of Cadiz, one fertile; see details in Supporting Information,
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<tableCitation id="71390E9FFF9EFFA2BCFEFAA0FBC2FA74" box="[958,1056,1396,1418]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[142,202,419,440]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Table 1. Measurements of selected Zygophylax species based on light microscopy data (in mm)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/68C46BACFF96FFAABFCEFE77FBDCFE45" pageId="11" pageNumber="63" tableUuid="68C46BACFF96FFAABFCEFE77FBDCFE45">Table S1</tableCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3C043B24FF9EFFA2BC69FA79FBC5F9FD" blockId="11.[809,1426,1453,1536]" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF9EFFA2BC69FA79FBC6FA3E" box="[809,1060,1453,1475]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">Molecular sequences:</emphasis>
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16S rRNA gene (
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<bibRefCitation id="582A46D5FF9EFFA2BBBFFA7AFC86FA1C" author="Moura CJ & Harris DJ & Cunha MR & Rogers AD" pageId="11" pageNumber="63" pagination="93 - 108" refId="ref21639" refString="Moura CJ, Harris DJ, Cunha MR, Rogers AD. 2008. DNA barcoding reveals cryptic diversity in marine hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from coastal and deep-sea environments. Zoologica Scripta 37: 93 - 108." type="journal article" year="2008">
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||
Moura
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<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF9EFFA2BA16FA64FA6EFA3F" box="[1366,1420,1455,1474]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
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||
, 2008
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="582A46D5FF9EFFA2BC37FA18FC50FA1C" author="Moura CJ & Cunha MR & Porteiro FM & Rogers AD" box="[887,946,1484,1505]" pageId="11" pageNumber="63" pagination="454 - 470" refId="ref21680" refString="Moura CJ, Cunha MR, Porteiro FM, Rogers AD. 2012. Polyphyly and cryptic diversity in the hydrozoan families Lafoeidae and Hebellidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Invertebrate Systematics 25: 454 - 470." type="journal article" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
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||
); see sequence details in Supporting Information,
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<tableCitation id="71390E9FFF9EFFA2BCFEFA3EFBC3F9FD" box="[958,1057,1514,1536]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="9.[146,206,200,219]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Table 3. Interspecific K2P genetic distances for zygophylacids with available 16S rRNA data" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/68C46BACFF9CFFA0BFD2FF1CFBCAFF26" pageId="11" pageNumber="63" tableUuid="68C46BACFF9CFFA0BFD2FF1CFBCAFF26">Table S3</tableCitation>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3C043B24FF9EFFA2BC69F9F3FCAFF9A6" blockId="11.[809,1423,1574,1627]" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF9EFFA2BC69F9F3FC38F9C1" box="[809,986,1575,1596]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">Measurements:</emphasis>
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||
See Supporting Information,
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||
<tableCitation id="71390E9FFF9EFFA2BA0FF9F2FCA4F9A7" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="5.[142,202,603,624]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Table 2. Comparative characters of Zygophylax abyssicola, Z. lighti, Z. pseudosibogae, Z. tankahkeei and species with close morphological similarities" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/68C46BACFF90FFACBFCEFD8FF9B1FD8D" pageId="11" pageNumber="63" tableUuid="68C46BACFF90FFACBFCEFD8FF9B1FD8D">Table S2</tableCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="3C043B24FF9EFFA4BC69F950FE5CF89E" blockId="11.[809,1426,1668,1874]" lastBlockId="13.[145,763,1778,1892]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF9EFFA2BC69F950FC5BF964" box="[809,953,1668,1689]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
Trophosome. Colonies upright, about 0.9 cm high (
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||
<figureCitation id="A48027A1FF9EFFA2BC9AF976FBD5F945" box="[986,1079,1698,1720]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[145,224,1600,1622]" captionTargetBox="[225,1345,858,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-198@13.[225,1345,858,1560]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Zygophylax biarmata Billard, 1905. A, two colonies; B, hydrocaulus with coppinia; C, hydrothecal arrangement along a hydrocladium; D, an axillary hydrotheca (arrow); E, a hydrotheca with diaphragm (left arrow) and basal nematotheca (right arrow); F, magnification of a nematotheca; G, distal part of a hydrotheca showing multiple renovations. From samples: A–G: ZSM 20220294, Gulf of Cadiz. A, B, D, E, light microscope images; C, F, G, SEM images. Scale bars: A, B = 2 mm; C = 200 µm; D = 500 µm; E = 100 µm; F, G = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035335/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
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). Hydrocaulus geniculate, polysiphonic, unsegmented, branching regularly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A48027A1FF9EFFA2BA26F915FC8BF908" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[145,224,1600,1622]" captionTargetBox="[225,1345,858,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-198@13.[225,1345,858,1560]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Zygophylax biarmata Billard, 1905. A, two colonies; B, hydrocaulus with coppinia; C, hydrothecal arrangement along a hydrocladium; D, an axillary hydrotheca (arrow); E, a hydrotheca with diaphragm (left arrow) and basal nematotheca (right arrow); F, magnification of a nematotheca; G, distal part of a hydrotheca showing multiple renovations. From samples: A–G: ZSM 20220294, Gulf of Cadiz. A, B, D, E, light microscope images; C, F, G, SEM images. Scale bars: A, B = 2 mm; C = 200 µm; D = 500 µm; E = 100 µm; F, G = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035335/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">Fig. 7A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Hydrocladia coplanar, forming angles of 60°– 90° with the hydrocaulus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A48027A1FF9EFFA2BB32F92AFB28F8E9" box="[1138,1226,1790,1812]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[145,224,1600,1622]" captionTargetBox="[225,1345,858,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-198@13.[225,1345,858,1560]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Zygophylax biarmata Billard, 1905. A, two colonies; B, hydrocaulus with coppinia; C, hydrothecal arrangement along a hydrocladium; D, an axillary hydrotheca (arrow); E, a hydrotheca with diaphragm (left arrow) and basal nematotheca (right arrow); F, magnification of a nematotheca; G, distal part of a hydrotheca showing multiple renovations. From samples: A–G: ZSM 20220294, Gulf of Cadiz. A, B, D, E, light microscope images; C, F, G, SEM images. Scale bars: A, B = 2 mm; C = 200 µm; D = 500 µm; E = 100 µm; F, G = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035335/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
), dichotomously branched, mono- or polysiphonic, with irregular nodes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A48027A1FF9EFFA2BC39F8E8FC0BF8AC" box="[889,1001,1852,1874]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[145,224,1600,1622]" captionTargetBox="[225,1345,858,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-198@13.[225,1345,858,1560]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Zygophylax biarmata Billard, 1905. A, two colonies; B, hydrocaulus with coppinia; C, hydrothecal arrangement along a hydrocladium; D, an axillary hydrotheca (arrow); E, a hydrotheca with diaphragm (left arrow) and basal nematotheca (right arrow); F, magnification of a nematotheca; G, distal part of a hydrotheca showing multiple renovations. From samples: A–G: ZSM 20220294, Gulf of Cadiz. A, B, D, E, light microscope images; C, F, G, SEM images. Scale bars: A, B = 2 mm; C = 200 µm; D = 500 µm; E = 100 µm; F, G = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035335/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="63">Fig. 7B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
), axillary hydrothecae present at the branching sites (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A48027A1FF99FFA5BE2FF8C7FE25F8D4" box="[367,455,1811,1833]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[145,224,1600,1622]" captionTargetBox="[225,1345,858,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-198@13.[225,1345,858,1560]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Zygophylax biarmata Billard, 1905. A, two colonies; B, hydrocaulus with coppinia; C, hydrothecal arrangement along a hydrocladium; D, an axillary hydrotheca (arrow); E, a hydrotheca with diaphragm (left arrow) and basal nematotheca (right arrow); F, magnification of a nematotheca; G, distal part of a hydrotheca showing multiple renovations. From samples: A–G: ZSM 20220294, Gulf of Cadiz. A, B, D, E, light microscope images; C, F, G, SEM images. Scale bars: A, B = 2 mm; C = 200 µm; D = 500 µm; E = 100 µm; F, G = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035335/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="64">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Hydrothecae alternating regularly in one plane, forming angles of 60°–90° with the longitudinal axes of the corresponding hydrocladia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A48027A1FF99FFA5BC04F8C7FC78F8D5" box="[836,922,1811,1833]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[145,224,1600,1622]" captionTargetBox="[225,1345,858,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-198@13.[225,1345,858,1560]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Zygophylax biarmata Billard, 1905. A, two colonies; B, hydrocaulus with coppinia; C, hydrothecal arrangement along a hydrocladium; D, an axillary hydrotheca (arrow); E, a hydrotheca with diaphragm (left arrow) and basal nematotheca (right arrow); F, magnification of a nematotheca; G, distal part of a hydrotheca showing multiple renovations. From samples: A–G: ZSM 20220294, Gulf of Cadiz. A, B, D, E, light microscope images; C, F, G, SEM images. Scale bars: A, B = 2 mm; C = 200 µm; D = 500 µm; E = 100 µm; F, G = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035335/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="64">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
), short-pedicellate, tubular, the distal part straight or curved away from the internode and forming angles of about 30° with the proximal part; diaphragm oblique, margin slightly everted, with two to seven renovations (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A48027A1FF98FFA4BE6FF8C4FE2BF8DB" box="[303,457,1808,1830]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[145,224,1600,1622]" captionTargetBox="[225,1345,858,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-198@13.[225,1345,858,1560]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Zygophylax biarmata Billard, 1905. A, two colonies; B, hydrocaulus with coppinia; C, hydrothecal arrangement along a hydrocladium; D, an axillary hydrotheca (arrow); E, a hydrotheca with diaphragm (left arrow) and basal nematotheca (right arrow); F, magnification of a nematotheca; G, distal part of a hydrotheca showing multiple renovations. From samples: A–G: ZSM 20220294, Gulf of Cadiz. A, B, D, E, light microscope images; C, F, G, SEM images. Scale bars: A, B = 2 mm; C = 200 µm; D = 500 µm; E = 100 µm; F, G = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035335/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="65">Fig. 7C, E, G</figureCitation>
|
||
). A tubular nematotheca present at apophyses of hydrocladia, with one to six renovations (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A48027A1FF98FFA4BE64F89AFE4CF89E" box="[292,430,1870,1892]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[145,224,1600,1622]" captionTargetBox="[225,1345,858,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-198@13.[225,1345,858,1560]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Zygophylax biarmata Billard, 1905. A, two colonies; B, hydrocaulus with coppinia; C, hydrothecal arrangement along a hydrocladium; D, an axillary hydrotheca (arrow); E, a hydrotheca with diaphragm (left arrow) and basal nematotheca (right arrow); F, magnification of a nematotheca; G, distal part of a hydrotheca showing multiple renovations. From samples: A–G: ZSM 20220294, Gulf of Cadiz. A, B, D, E, light microscope images; C, F, G, SEM images. Scale bars: A, B = 2 mm; C = 200 µm; D = 500 µm; E = 100 µm; F, G = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035335/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="65">Fig. 7C, E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="68C46BACFF99FFA5BFE3F98BFEC1F917" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035331" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7035331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035331/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="64" startId="12.[163,243,1631,1653]" targetBox="[249,1356,195,1591]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="3C043B24FF99FFA5BFE3F98BFEC1F917" blockId="12.[163,1443,1631,1770]" pageId="12" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF99FFA5BFE3F98BFEECF989" bold="true" box="[163,270,1631,1653]" pageId="12" pageNumber="64">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Type materials (all paralectotypes) of five
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FBBB40A7FF99FFA5BDA7F9B5FC4FF988" box="[743,941,1631,1653]" pageId="12" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF99FFA5BDA7F9B5FCB9F989" box="[743,859,1633,1652]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="64">Zygophylax</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
deposited in the Zoologische Staatssammlung München. A–F,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FBBB40A7FF99FFA5BE00F9ABFD87F96F" authority="(Stechow, 1926)" baseAuthorityName="Stechow" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[320,613,1660,1682]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Zygophylacidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="abyssicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF99FFA5BE00F9ABFE5CF96C" box="[320,446,1662,1681]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="64">Z. abyssicola</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="582A46D5FF99FFA5BE8BF9A8FDBEF96F" author="Stechow E" box="[459,604,1660,1682]" pageId="12" pageNumber="64" pagination="96 - 108" refId="ref22871" refString="Stechow E. 1926. Einige neue Hydroiden aus verschiedenen Meeresgebieten. Zoologischer Anzeiger 68: 96 - 108." type="journal article" year="1926">Stechow, 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ZSM 20043537–ZSM 20043542; G, H,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FBBB40A7FF99FFA5BCB5F9ABFB1BF96F" authority="Stechow, 1923" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1923" box="[1013,1273,1660,1682]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Zygophylacidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="africana">
|
||
<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF99FFA5BCB5F9ABFB83F96C" box="[1013,1121,1662,1681]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="64">Z. africana</emphasis>
|
||
Stechow, 1923
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ZSM 20041574, ZSM 20043579; I–M,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FBBB40A7FF99FFA5BECCF948FD52F94D" authority="Stechow, 1913" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1913" box="[396,688,1690,1712]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Zygophylacidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="curvitheca">
|
||
<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF99FFA5BECCF948FDEDF953" box="[396,527,1691,1710]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="64">Z. curvitheca</emphasis>
|
||
Stechow, 1913
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ZSM 20043570–ZSM 20043574; N–Q,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FBBB40A7FF99FFA5BB1AF948FA81F94D" authority="Stechow, 1920" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1920" box="[1114,1379,1690,1712]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Zygophylacidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF99FFA5BB1AF948FB26F952" box="[1114,1220,1692,1711]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="64">Z. pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="582A46D5FF99FFA5BB8BF94EFA81F94D" author="Stechow E" box="[1227,1379,1690,1712]" pageId="12" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 30" refId="ref22671" refString="Stechow E. 1920. Neue Ergebnisse auf dem Gebiete der Hydroidenforschung. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft fur Morphologie und Physiologie, Munchen 31: 1 - 30." type="journal article" year="1920">Stechow, 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ZSM 20041554–ZSM 20041556, ZSM 20043569; R–U,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FBBB40A7FF99FFA5BDEFF96DFC24F930" authority="Stechow, 1923" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1923" box="[687,966,1719,1741]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Zygophylacidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="64" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="valdiviae">
|
||
<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF99FFA5BDEFF96DFCC4F931" box="[687,806,1721,1740]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="64">Z. valdiviae</emphasis>
|
||
Stechow, 1923
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ZSM 20041566–ZSM 20041569. Scale bars: A–U = 2 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="68C46BACFF98FFA4BFD1FDAFFC9DFCD9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035333" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7035333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035333/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="65" startId="13.[145,224,635,657]" targetBox="[225,1345,195,596]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="3C043B24FF98FFA4BFD1FDAFFC9DFCD9" blockId="13.[145,1426,635,804]" pageId="13" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF98FFA4BFD1FDAFFF18FD6D" bold="true" box="[145,250,635,657]" pageId="13" pageNumber="65">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Type material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FBBB40A7FF98FFA4BEFBFDA9FCC1FD6F" authority="Stechow, 1923" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1923" box="[443,803,636,658]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Zygophylacidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="13" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="africana">
|
||
<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF98FFA4BEFBFDA9FD64FD6C" box="[443,646,637,657]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="65">Zygophylax africana</emphasis>
|
||
Stechow, 1923
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A, various colonies; B, portion of polysiphonic hydrocaulus with four monosiphonic hydrocladia, the left and the right arrows indicate an axillary hydrotheca and a nematotheca, respectively; C, hydrothecal diaphragm (lower arrow) and renovations (upper arrow); D, magnification of the nematotheca in B, the arrow indicates a diaphragm within the nematotheca. From samples: A, ZSM 20040731, the arrow indicates the lectotype, other colonies are parelectotypes; B–D, ZSM 20041574, paralectotype. A–D, near Cape Town, South Africa. A–D, light microscope images. Scale bars: A = 1 cm; B = 1 mm; C, D = 100 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="68C46BACFF98FFA4BFD1F994FD45F931" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035335" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7035335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035335/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="65" startId="13.[145,224,1600,1622]" targetBox="[225,1345,858,1560]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="3C043B24FF98FFA4BFD1F994FD45F931" blockId="13.[144,1425,1600,1740]" pageId="13" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF98FFA4BFD1F994FF19F9A8" bold="true" box="[145,251,1600,1622]" pageId="13" pageNumber="65">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FBBB40A7FF98FFA4BE47F996FD8DF9AB" authority="Billard, 1905" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1905" box="[263,623,1600,1622]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Zygophylacidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="13" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="biarmata">
|
||
<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF98FFA4BE47F996FE3FF9A8" box="[263,477,1602,1621]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="65">Zygophylax biarmata</emphasis>
|
||
Billard, 1905
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A, two colonies; B, hydrocaulus with coppinia; C, hydrothecal arrangement along a hydrocladium; D, an axillary hydrotheca (arrow); E, a hydrotheca with diaphragm (left arrow) and basal nematotheca (right arrow); F, magnification of a nematotheca; G, distal part of a hydrotheca showing multiple renovations. From samples: A–G: ZSM 20220294, Gulf of Cadiz. A, B, D, E, light microscope images; C, F, G, SEM images. Scale bars: A, B = 2 mm; C = 200 µm; D = 500 µm; E = 100 µm; F, G = 50 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="3C043B24FF98FFA7BC69F926FEFCFECB" blockId="13.[809,1425,1778,1892]" lastBlockId="14.[164,780,196,310]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="13" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF98FFA4BC69F926FC45F8FA" box="[809,935,1778,1799]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="65">Gonosome:</emphasis>
|
||
Gonothecae clustering into coppiniae on hydrocaulus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A48027A1FF98FFA4BC82F8C4FBCDF8DB" box="[962,1071,1808,1830]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[145,224,1600,1622]" captionTargetBox="[225,1345,858,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-198@13.[225,1345,858,1560]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Zygophylax biarmata Billard, 1905. A, two colonies; B, hydrocaulus with coppinia; C, hydrothecal arrangement along a hydrocladium; D, an axillary hydrotheca (arrow); E, a hydrotheca with diaphragm (left arrow) and basal nematotheca (right arrow); F, magnification of a nematotheca; G, distal part of a hydrotheca showing multiple renovations. From samples: A–G: ZSM 20220294, Gulf of Cadiz. A, B, D, E, light microscope images; C, F, G, SEM images. Scale bars: A, B = 2 mm; C = 200 µm; D = 500 µm; E = 100 µm; F, G = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035335/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="65">Fig. 7A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
); coppiniae with dichotomously branched defensive tubes and hydrothecae. The morphology of individual gonothecae could not be established properly without destructive methods, and the coppiniae in the present material are obscured by adhering particles, not allowing a detailed examination to be done.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3C043B24FF9BFFA7BFE4FE9BFE5DFE22" blockId="14.[164,779,335,480]" pageId="14" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF9BFFA7BFE4FE9BFEDCFE99" box="[164,318,335,356]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="66">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Gulf of Cadiz (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="582A46D5FF9BFFA7BEBCFE84FD33FE99" author="Moura CJ & Cunha MR & Porteiro FM & Rogers AD" box="[508,721,335,357]" pageId="14" pageNumber="66" pagination="454 - 470" refId="ref21680" refString="Moura CJ, Cunha MR, Porteiro FM, Rogers AD. 2012. Polyphyly and cryptic diversity in the hydrozoan families Lafoeidae and Hebellidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Invertebrate Systematics 25: 454 - 470." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Moura
|
||
<emphasis id="0ECFE736FF9BFFA7BD13FE86FD6AFE99" box="[595,648,337,356]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="66">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; this study); Bay of Biscay north-west of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="44AC7BB4FF9BFFA7BD7CFEBAFD62FE79" box="[572,640,366,388]" name="Spain" pageId="14" pageNumber="66">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
; the Azores; Madeira; the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="FE7FF5C6FF9BFFA7BE01FE59FE14FE5F" box="[321,502,396,418]" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="14" pageNumber="66">Canary Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||
; the east coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="44AC7BB4FF9BFFA7BD87FE58FF0CFE3C" name="South Africa" pageId="14" pageNumber="66">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
; the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="44AC7BB4FF9BFFA7BE67FE7FFE57FE3C" box="[295,437,427,449]" name="Madagascar" pageId="14" pageNumber="66">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
area; the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="44AC7BB4FF9BFFA7BD6EFE7FFD74FE3C" box="[558,662,427,449]" name="Tanzania" pageId="14" pageNumber="66">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
|
||
area (See
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="582A46D5FF9BFFA7BFE4FE1EFE4DFE22" author="Ramil F & Vervoort W" box="[164,431,458,480]" pageId="14" pageNumber="66" pagination="3 - 262" refId="ref21982" refString="Ramil F, Vervoort W. 1992. Report on the Hydroida collected by the ' BALGIM' expedition in and around the Strait of Gibraltar. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden 277: 3 - 262." type="journal article" year="1992">Ramil & Vervoort, 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |